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MORAN'S 



Dictionary of Chicago 



AND ITS VICINITY 



An Alphabetically Arranged Dictionary, Comprising all of 
the Interests that Contribute to Chicago's Greatness 



COMPILED BY 



George E . Moran 



GEORGE E. MORAN 

PUBLISHER AND PROPRIETOR 

1623 Masonic Temple Building 

Chicago, III. 

1909 



SUMMER EDITION 



(V\*3\ 



COPYRIGHTED 

Entered According to Act of Congress, in the year 1909, by 

GEORGE E. MORAN 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 



All rights of translation reserved. 



LIBRARY of CONGRESS 
Two CoDies PtwieQ 

JUN 3 WW 

CLASS A AXc. 



PREFACE 



During the year 1890 the publisher determined to do for Chicago what 
Dickens did for London, and the result is "Moran's Dictionary of Chicago." 

That the book has proved cf value and of the greatest convenience to 
the citizens of Chicago, and strangers as well, is the only excuse for its ap- 
pearance. A careful examination of its contents will suffice to prove its 
superiority over other publications which claim to cover the same ground. 

It is an Alphabetically Arranged Dictionary of Chicago. In other words, 
everything of a public nature is correctly located and briefly described under 
its appropriate name, and may be easily found by turning to the proper let- 
ter. For instance, the Auditorium will be found among the "A's," the Banks 
among the "B's," the Clubs among the "C's,", the Hotels among the "H's," 
the Railroads among the "R's," the Streets among the "S's,", etc. 

The tiook is not an advertising scheme in any sense of the word. Adver- 
tisements do appear, but never in disguise, and in their proper places. 

It is barely possible that errors may appear, and subjects which should 
be noticed are omitted. However, in future editions the work will continue to 
be made as nearly perfect as possible. With this brief preface it is launched 
forth by the Publisher, who is determined that it shall live to serve its purpose 
to the utmost. 

The work will be issued quarterly and will be revised annually and new 
features added. 

We desire to express our heartfelt thanks to our many patrons for their 
substantial encouragement in the past, and believe the effort put forth in the 
revision and publication of the 1909 editions will be fully appreciated, thereby 
enabling a more comprehensive "Dictionary of Chicago," with its innumerable 
subjects of general interest from year to year, the result being a library of 
"Chicago," condensed and yet comprehensive, every item of which will be of 
interest, easily referred to and advantageously applied. 

THE PUBLISHER. 



MORAN'S 

DICTIONARY OF CHICAGO 

AND VICINITY 



Abandoned or Lost Property. — 
If left on any of the numerous 
street-car lines of this city, is car- 
ried to the nearest down-town of- 
fice and left there for identification, 
a reasonable length of time, and 
then disposed of by public sale. 
All articles left in public halls or 
places of amusement, or on the 
streets, dropped by owners or 
thrown aside by criminals, are 
transferred to the officer in charge 
at the City Hall, under the direc- 
tion of the Inspector of the Cen- 
tral Detail. It is wonderful where 
such an odd collection of sundries 
could all come from. These, too, 
are kept until no hope remains of 
their being reclaimed, when they 
are sold to make room for the 
constantly accumulating stock. 

Abattoirs. — It is many years 
since the municipal ordinances al- 
lowed any animals to be slaugh- 
tered save at the stock yards. As 
the stock yards and packing houses 
are inseparable, see Union Stock 
Yards. 

Academy of the Sacred Heart. — 

Located at 605 Pine Grove avenue, 
affords excellent educational ad- 
vantages to the young of Chicago. 
It is conducted by the Sisters, who 
inculcate in their young lady pupils 
the principles of correct habits that 
fit them for the duties of life. 

Academies and Seminaries. 

Academy Sacred Heart, 605 Pine 
Grove Ave. 



Academy Fine Arts, 6 Madison St. 

Academy St. Scholastica, 4075 
Ridge Ave. 

Academy Our Lady, Throop and 
95th Sts. 

Armour Institute, Armour Ave., s. 
w. cor. 33d St. 

Art Craft Institute, 209 State St. 

Baptist Union Theological Semi- 
nary (now Divinity School of the 
University of Chicago), Ellis Ave. 
and 58th St. 

Bible Institute for Home and For- 
eign Missions of the Chicago Evan- 
gelization Society; Men's Department 
and office, 80 Institute Place; Wo- 
men's Department and office, 228 to 
254 La Salle Ave. 

Brooks' Classical School for Girls, 
491 Adams St. 

Chicago Manual Training School, 
Michigan Ave., n. w. cor. 12th St. 

Chicago Manual Training School of 
the University High School, 58th St. 
and Monroe Ave. 

Chicago Musical College, 202 Michi- 
gan Ave. 

Chicago Theological Seminary, 81 
Ashland Blvd. 

De La Salle Institute, Wabash Ave., 
cor. 35th St. 

Ephphita School for Deaf and 
Dumb, 409 S. May St. 

Garrett Biblical Institute, Evans- 
ton; office 13 Reaper Bldg. 

German Lutheran Theological Sem- 
inary, 435 N. Ashland Ave. 

Holy Family Academy (Polish), 130 
W. Division St. 

Lewis Institute, cor. W. Madison 
and Robey Sts. 

McCormick Theological Seminary 
of the Presbyterian Church, 1060 N. 
Halsted St. 

Moody Bible Institute of Chicago, 
80 Institute PI. 

Northwestern University, Evanston, 
Illinois. 

Northwestern University School of 
Music, Evanston. 

Northwestern University Law 
School, Dearborn, s. e. cor. Lake St. 

Secretarial Institute and Training 



(5) 



ACA— ADV 

School of Young Men's Christian As- 
sociation, 709, 153 La Salle St. 

St. Ignatius College, 413 W. 12th St. 

St. Patrick's Academy, 374 Park 
Ave. 

St. Stanislaus College, 136 W. Di- 
vision St. 

St. Viator's Normal Institute, N. 
40th and W. Belmont Aves. 

St. Xavier's Academy, 4928 Evans 
Ave. 

Theological Seminary of the Evan- 
gelical Lutheran Church, 1301 Shef- 
field Ave. 

University of Chicago, between 57th 
and 59th Sts. and Ellis and Lexing- 
ton Aves. 

Western Theological Seminary of 
the Protestant Episcopal Church, 1113 
Washington Blvd. 

Academy of Sciences. — Located 
in Lincoln Park, opposite Center 
street. The Academy of Sciences 
is the oldest institution of the kind 
in the city, having been founded 
in 1857 and incorporated in 1859. 
It lost a fine collection of birds, 
mammals, etc., in the fire of 1871. 
After the fire it had a building of 
its own, but had to surrender it to 
satisfy a debt, and for a time its 
new scientific collection was housed 
in the exposition building on the 
lake front. In 1893, through the 
generosity of Matthew Laflin, a 
building was provided in Lincoln 
Park. The museum is open free to 
the public. 

Advance in Manufactures. — From 
the fourth place among the manu- 
facturing nations we have advanced 
to the first place in less than fifty 
years, the amount of capital in- 
vested having increased from one 
billion to fourteen billion dollars. 
The value of manufactures has in- 
creased from two billion dollars in 
1860 to twenty billion dollars". The 
great West has enjoyed its full 
share in this remarkable develop- 
ment. While the area of the 
United States is less than 6 per 
cent of the earth's land surface and 
our population is but little more 
than 5 per cent of the earth's popu- 
lation, we produce 43 per cent of 
the earth's total yield of wheat, 
corn and oats. We produce 78.8 
per cent of all the corn grown; 
more than twenty per cent of the 
world's wheat crop, and our rail- 



6 ADV— ADV 

roads represent 39.5 per cent of the 
total mileage. 

Do you know that less than 
sixty-five years ago the United 
States was compelled to import 
wheat to supply the deficiency in 
our own larder? Now the farmers 
of this goodly land annually pro- 
duce nearly 700,000,000 bushels of 
wheat, 300,000,000 bushels of which 
are exchanged for foreign gold or 
the products of foreign soil, thus 
enriching our people and stimulat- 
ing them to greater effort. 

Advertising Agencies. — There are 
a number of these agencies in the 
city, several of them doing a very 
extensive business and affording a 
facility for the judicious placing of 
advertisements, which is in many 
cases of no small value to ad- 
vertisers. Reputable advertising 
agents undertake to maintain an 
established credit with all the news- 
papers throughout the United 
States, and to procure the prompt 
insertion of an advertisement, with- 
out any extra charge for the serv- 
ice rendered; which service con- 
sists of quoting the price, printing 
or writing as many duplicates of 
the advertisement as may be re- 
quired to furnish one to each paper 
to be used, forwarding the copy 
for insertion at their own expense 
for postage or messenger service, 
and examining the papers to see 
that the advertisement appears 
when and in the manner that it 
ought to. If errors or omissions 
occur, it is their duty to notify pub- 
lishers at their own expense for 
labor, postage or messenger, and 
to see to it that the publisher of 
the paper actually does the speci- 
fied service for which the adver- 
tiser contracted. They are paid for 
their services by a commission 
from the newspaper upon the price 
of the advertisement obtained by 
them. When it is desired to place 
a large line of advertising, or to 
advertise in papers likely to reach 
a special class of readers, the ad- 
vertising agency has facilities which 
enable it to indicate the periodi- 
cals most likely to effect that pur- 



ALD— AMB 

pose, and to procure from them a 
special rate for the advertisement 
in question. Estimates are readily- 
furnished on application, and the 
real strength of the agency lies in 
its ability to obtain the greatest 
concessions from publishers' rates. 
Of course, such a system is open 
to abuses, but when dealing with 
reputable agencies the advantages 
derived will be found to outweigh 
these, and care should be taken in 
this, as in all other matters, to deal 
only with reputable houses. At 
these agencies, files of all the news- 
papers in the country are kept, and 
strangers are courteously allowed 
to refer to them in case of neces- 
sity. Lord & Thomas, Wabash 
avenue, corner Randolph street, re- 
ceive fully 1,000,000 newspapers 
through the mails each year. This 
firm also publishes a newspaper di- 
rectory which contains an accurate 
list of all the newspapers and peri- 
odicals in the United States, now 
numbering no less than 20,000. 

Alderman Salaries $3,000 Per An- 
num. — After mild objections on the 
part of a distinctly unenthusiastic 
minority, the city council voted to 
raise the salaries of the aldermen 
to be elected in the spring from 
$1,500 to $3,000 and to allow secre- 
taries at $1,500 a year for the hold- 
over aldermen. 

All Souls' Church.- — Unitarian, at 
the corner of Oakwood boulevard 
and Langley avenue. The church 
is very handsome architecturally, 
and has a large congregation. 

Ambulance and Hospital Service. 

Ambulance Runs — 1908. 

Total runs made 15,153 

Total miles traveled 100,764 

Character or Removals — 

Sick or injured persons taken 

to hospitals 8,382 

Sick or injured persons taken 

to home 899 

Sick or injured persons taken 

to police stations 304 

Dead bodies taken to morgues. 108 

Dead bodies taken to residences 1 

Insane persons taken to De- 
tention hospital 54 

Aged and destitute persons 
taken to institutions for 
their care 6 

Abandoned children taken to 

public institutions 1 



AM E— AMU 

Contagious disease cases re- 
moved 1,272 

Miscellaneous removals 2,496 

Cases investigated, no service 

rendered, and false calls.... 1,899 
Emergency Treatments by 
Ambulance Surgeons — ■ 

Treatments at police stations 

and en route 3,067 

Treatments at places of acci- 
dent (no removal) 365 

Emergency Relief Station 
(Opened May 4, 1908) — 

Patients treated and cared for 1,027 

American Trust Building. — Lo- 
cated northeast corner of Monroe 
and Clark streets, fronting 125 feet 
on Clark street and 90 feet on 
Monroe street. The building is 
eighteen stories high and of the 
most modern ccnstruction through- 
out. 

The equipment includes high- 
speed elevators, and vacuum clean- 
ing system for all offices, and the 
service throughout is maintained at 
the highest standard. 

The American Trust and Savings 
Bank is located on the first floor, 
with safety deposit vaults in the 
basement. 

Amusements. — Probably no city 
can boast of a greater variety of 
amusements, theatrical and other- 
wise, than Chicago. During the 
summer months, when most cities 
are almost destitute of sources of 
enjoyment, the visitor can still find 
a variety of resorts open to selec- 
tion, while the winter offers more 
and better attractions than any 
other city in the country. There 
are more than twenty theaters, four 
museums, and a number of concert 
halls, but few of which are closed 
during the summer. For those in- 
terested in athletic and other sports 
Chicago is a veritable paradise. 
There are five enclosed baseball 
parks within the city limits, several 
cycling clubs, and several first- 
class billiard halls. There are half 
a dozen boat clubs located on the 
Lake Front. 

Within recent years Chicagoans 
have been favored with the leading 
attractions of theatrical and musi- 
cal art, and have shown themselves 
both liberal and appreciative. What- 
ever is popular in London, Paris or 




American Trust Building, 
Northeast corner Monroe and Clark Streets. 



(8) 



ANA— ANI 

New York, is soon produced in 
Chicago, while many new plays 
make their first appearance here. 

Anarchy in Chicago. — The me- 
tropolis of the Northwest is the 
product of honest, untiring men 
who came here to acquire homes, 
and having obtained their wish, 
they are raising families to follow 
in their footsteps. Anarchy was 
an imported weed, sown and fos- 
tered in its growth by a few reck- 
less, footloose individuals who had 
nothing to lose, and whose wild 
restless spirits craved strife, and 
blood even, to drown their dis- 
turbed consciences. The visiting 
strangers from all the world who 
intend to honor this great city with 
their presence, need have no fear 
of this red-headed dragon. It re- 
ceived its final quietus on the 11th 
day of November, 1887, when four 
of the ring-leaders in the anarchist 
outbreak were hanged in the county 
jail. There has been neither rattle 
nor hiss since; and it is nearly twen- 
ty years since there has been any 
riotous demonstrations in our 
streets. There never was any move- 
ment with strength enough to be 
dignified as revolutionary. The dis- 
turbance was simply the frothing of 
a few dangerous leaders who aspired 
to be Robespierres and Marats, and 
a great crowd of spectators who 
simply wanted to see. This little 
group could have been suppressed 
long before the crisis, if the munici- 
pal executive had seen fit. Chi- 
cago's workingmen are not, and 
never were, anarchists. Within the 
last eight years the spread of build- 
ing and loan associations, by help- 
ing the wage laborers to own their 
homes, has increased many hun- 
dred fold the immunity from an- 
archy and its teachings. 

Animals, American Society for 
the Prevention of Cruelty to, — Was 

organized through the efforts of 
Mr. Henry Bergh, in 1866, in New 
York. It has extended a system 
of branch organizations to all the 
large cities of the Union. One of 
the most flourishing branches is in 
Chicago. Its object is to enforce 



9 ANN— ANN 

the laws preventing cruelty to, and 
protecting animals of all kinds, but 
especially draft beasts, who are 
more exposed to the ignorant bru- 
tality of their drivers. The police 
are bound to make arrests in its 
behalf, when asked by any person 
who is willing to make complaint 
before a justice of the peace. Its 
accredited agents have power also, 
as special police, to arrest offend- 
ers guilty of cruelty to their ani- 
mals on the public streets. Many 
of our prominent business houses 
allow complaints to be forwarded 
by their telephones to the main of- 
fice, 650 Wabash avenue. They 
have ambulances for conveying in- 
jured animals through the city in 
any case where there is any chance 
for recovery. In 1873 they estab- 
lished a paper called the "Humane 
Journal," which is still fighting for 
the cause in whose interest it 
started. 

Annexation. — Previous to 1889, 
the business men of Chicago who 
lived in the suburbs and traveled 
back and forth to their business in 
the city, often wondered why the 
municipal advantages their taxes 
helped to procure those living 
within the limits could not be 
extended to themselves at their 
homes. Finally, permission in due 
form was obtained from the Leg- 
islature and submitted to a vote of 
the people. Thus the towns of 
Cicero, Hyde Park, Jefferson and 
Lake, and the City of Lake View, 
on the 29th of June, 1889, were an- 
nexed to the City of Chicago. 
From about forty-four square miles 
her territory increased by this 
peaceful conquest to 128.24 square 
miles, extending from north to 
south not less than twenty miles, 
and on an average, seven and one- 
half from east to west. The Su- 
preme Court handed down a fa- 
vorable decision as to the validity 
of the law in October, 1889. In 
1890, South Englewood, West Rose- 
land, Washington Heights and 
Gano were added to the annexed 
territory. In 1835 Chicago claimed 
2.55 square miles. In 1909 she is 
responsible for the good govern- 



APA— APA 



10 



ARL— APP 



ment of 181.70 square miles, of 
which 5.14 square miles are cov- 
ered with water, and 176.56 are in 
condition to be improved as may 
be needed. The city fathers have 
cut this area up into thirty-five 
wards, varying in size from three- 
quarters of a square mile to twenty- 
seven square miles. The various 
annexations increased the resident 
population by 239,607, but as they 
were all really citizens before, the 
increase was simply a legal fiction, 
for, while they lived in the annexed 
territory, their brains and money 
had built the central city. 

Apartment Houses. — Within the 
past twenty years the efforts made 
to induce people of moderate means 
to live in apartments and abandon 
boarding-houses and hotels, in 
which a large proportion of the 
population had theretofore resided, 
has met with a marked degree of 
success. The first proposition of 
the kind met with great opposition, 
the majority of people being unable 
to distinguish between an apart- 
ment house and a tenement house. 
The prejudice was overcome in a 
great degree by the fact that the 
first buildings erected were of an 
expensive character, and the rents 
of the "flats," as they are com- 
monly called, placed at a figure 
within the means of the wealthy 
alone. When people were found 
willing to pay for a suite of rooms 
the rent usually demanded for a 
first-class residence, a demand was 
created for similar accommodations 
at cheaper rents, and several hun- 
dreds of these buildings are now 
distributed over the city, and 
others are constantly being erect- 
ed. Apartment houses in the city, 
as a rule, are divided into two suites 
on each floor, consisting of a par- 
lor or drawing-room, dining-room, 
kitchen, bath-room, and from two 
to four or more sleeping-rooms, 
most of the sleeping-rooms being 
lighted and ventilated from a shaft 
running through the house from 
the basement to the roof. The 
more expensive "flats" have a pas- 
senger elevator and a doorkeeper; 
the others have not. All, however, 



have elevators for coal, wood, 
ashes, marketing, and similar 
freight. All have also a private 
hallway, and these two advantages 
are usually accepted as marking 
the line between a tenement house, 
where family necessaries are car- 
ried up and down stairs and it is 
necessary to pass through one 
room to enter another, and an 
apartment house or "flat." Many 
of these houses, even of the more 
modest class, are finished in hard- 
wood, and have mirrors, gas-fix- 
tures, electric lights, and mantels 
of an artistic and even elegant 
character as fixtures. Stationary 
wash-tubs are placed either in the 
kitchen or in a laundry in the base- 
ment or top floor. The houses 
where a man servant is not sta- 
tioned at the door to receive vis- 
itors, always have a bell, a letter- 
box, and a name-plate within the 
vestibule for each apartment. 
Above these is a speaking-tube, and 
after ringing the bell and announc- 
ing one's name through the tube, 
the occupant is able to open the 
door by an electrical device and 
allow the visitor to enter and pass 
to the floor occupied by the person 
he wishes to see. More expensive 
apartments have a general recep- 
tion-room and a man servant to 
announce the visitor. The rents of 
these apartments range from $2,- 
000 to $300 per year. 

Arlington Heights. — Arlington 
Heights is 22.4 miles from Chicago 
and its population is 1,380. It is 
growing very rapidly, and many of 
the well-to-do Chicagoans have 
their homes here. 

Appraisement of Chicago Water 
Works Property. 

Cribs— 

Two-mile Crib $ 106,679.63 

Four-mile Crib 472,890.93 

Lake View Crib 167,202.99 

Hyde Park Crib 137,624.77 

Carter H. Harrison Crib 238,738.10 

Lake Tunnels 4,696,414.69 

Land Tunnels 4,211,954.29 

Water Pipe Tunnels 433,213.41 

Pumping Stations — 
Fourteenth Street Pump- 
ing Station 747,532.04 

Sixty-eighth St. Pump- 
ing Station 572,957.89 



AQU— AQU 

Twenty-second St. Pump- 
ing Station 884,270.75 

Chicago Avenue Pump- 
ing Station 1,371,892.16 

Springfield Ave. Pump- 
ing Station 615,722.32 

Central Park Ave. Pump- 
ing Station 608,254.72 

Harrison Street Pump- 
ing Station 372,664.98 

Lake View Pumping Sta- 
tion •. 278,654.93 

Washington Heights 

Pumping Station 48,667.55 

Norwood Park Pumping 

Station 13,720.06 

Roseland Pumping Sta- 
tion 11,156.62 

Englewood Pumping Sta- 
tion 4,000.00 

Water Pipe Extension — 

Mains, Hydrants and 

Valves 22,421,727.49 

Service Pipes 185,005.66 

Pipes and District Yards 154,697.04 

Meters 359,452.28 

Meter Shops — 

Meter Repair Shop and 
Testing Plant, 22d St. 
and Ashland Ave 11,615.31 

Meter Repair Shop and 
Testing Plant, 14th St. 

and Indiana Ave 10,031.47 

General Repair Shops — ■ 

Water Works Shops, 22d 

St. and Ashland Ave. 119,717.91 

General Construction and 
Repair Shops, 14th St. 
and Indiana Ave 30,142.64 

Cement Testing Labora- 
tory at Chicago Ave. 
Pumping Station 784.25 

Rogers Park Water Sys- 
tem (purchase price, 
$300,000 and interest) 50,238.16 

Grower property on east 
side of Chicago river, 
south of Madison St.. 218,095.86 

Real Estate (sites, In- 
cluding Rookery lot) . 100,000.00 

Office Equipment in City 

Hall 100,000.00 

Fourteenth St. Bath 4,495.34 

Twenty-second St. Bath. 1,423.04 

Fullerton Avenue Sewer 

Pumping Station 150,000.00 

Intercepting Sewer 
System — 

Lawrence Avenue Sewer 

Pumping Station 332,851.70 

Carter H. Harrison, Sr., 

Sewer Pumping Station 648,128.86 

Conduits, Sewers, Re- 
versals, Connections, 
Intakes, Outfalls and 
Protections 5,038,463.72 

Lot at 39th Street and 

Lake Avenue 74,000.00 

Total $45,999,083.56 

Aquatic Clubs. — 

Corinthian Yacht Club, Randolph 
street and Illinois Central Pier. 

Chicago Boat Club, Lincoln Park 
Lagoon. 



11 



ARC— ARC 



Chicago Power Boat Club, Lake 
street and Chicago River. 

Chicago Athletic Association 
Yachtsmen, 125 Michigan avenue. 

Chicago Yacht Club, Monroe 
street and Lake Front. 

Yachting Auxiliary, Illinois Ath- 
letic Club, 145 Michigan avenue. 

Iroquois Boat Club, Lincoln Park 
Lagoon. 

Jackson Park Yacht Club, south 
end Jackson Park Lagoon. 

The Illinois Athletic Club has 
three boats, the I. A. C, La Rita 
Second, and the New Illinois. The 
largest ship in the club is the Val- 
more, owned and sailed by William 
Hale Thompson. The Jackson 
Park Yacht Club holds an annual 
Indiana Harbor race and an annual 
Michigan City race. 

Archdiocese. — Roman Catholic. — 

Archbishop of Chicago — Most 
Rev. James E. Quigley, 623 North 
State street, Chicago. 

Titular Bishop of Tamassus — Rt. 
Rev. P. J. Muldoon, D. D., Rock- 
ford, 111. 

Titular Bishop of Marcopolis — 
Rt. Rev. Alexander J. McGavick, 
D. D., Chicago. 

Chancellor — Rev. E. M. Dunne, 
D. D., 160 Cass street, Chicago. 

Assistant Chancellor — Rev. E. F. 
Horban, D. D., Chicago. 

Archbishop's Secretary — Rev. 
Augustine Mueller, J. C. D., 623 
North State street, Chicago. 

The archdiocese of Chicago is 
the largest in the United States. 

Architectural Feature s. — The 

most untruthful thing that could 
be said of Chicago would be to 
charge monotony to its architect- 
ure. No city in the world, not even 
New York, presents so wide a va- 
riety in design, material or con- 
struction. Perhaps the very di- 
versity has leaned somewhat to- 
ward the bizarre. All uniformity 
of outside appearance is lost in 
the personality of the builder, who 
may desire a house modeled upon 
one in any of the four quarters of 
the globe. We have the Renais- 
sance, the modern French, the 
Greek, Roman, Italian, Gothic, Tu- 



ARC— ARC 12 

dor, and not by any means the 
least, the Chicago construction. 
Our material is granite from New 
England and Nova Scotia; marble 
from Vermont, Illinois and Wis- 
consin; bricks from Wisconsin, Illi- 
nois and Indiana; iron from Penn- 
sylvania and Alabama, and what- 
ever is used anywhere can be found 
as a part of this cosmopolitan city. 
Iron and glass are much used, but 
the style belonging to Chicago by 
right, and called the "Chicago Con- 
struction," is a framework of iron, 
bolted together and standing up- 
right, without resting upon the 
walls at all, but upon a foundation 
of grout, crossed by bars of rail- 
road iron. The roof rests directly 
upon this framework, and not upon 
the sides. The walls are then filled 
in with terra cotta tiles of any de- 
sired color and shape. This form 
of building is used in the high 
buildings of from fifteen to twenty 
stories, which will, in time, quad- 
ruple Chicago's floor space. Nota- 
ble examples are the Auditorium, 
the Rookery, the Chamber of Com- 
merce, the Masonic Temple, the 
Woman's Temple, and the Unity 
Building. Many more are unfin- 
ished, or projected. In the busi- 
ness quarter, Marshall Field's 
wholesale building, the Board of 
Trade, the Post Office, and the 
Rialto Building, all exhibit peculi- 
arities that fit them for their use. 
It is certain, however, no matter 
how the building appears on the 
outside, the inside will be particu- 
larly adapted to get the utmost 
service from both the owner's la- 
bor and his employes'. In the resi- 
dence quarters, no man builds a 
house like his neighbor, but to suit 
his own taste and wants. It is a 
custom, very largely indulged in 
during the summer time, to gather 
upon the broad, high steps, with or 
without porches, but the steps and 
the porches are as varied in design 
and build as the houses themselves. 
On the North and South sides, 
within sight of the lake, can be 
seen the most varied architecture 
of the homes. On the West Side 
the boulevards are claiming more 



ARC— ARC 



and more attention ?n this direc- 
tion. It is impossible to give any- 
thing more than a few hints about 
a subject so varied in feature and 
infinite in form. One must indeed 
be very hard to suit who could not 
find something to please in the 
architecture, the construction, or 
the material of Chicago's buildings. 
The following are among the most 
recently constructed buildings of 
note: Railway Exchange, Ameri- 
can Trust, First National Bank, 
Commercial National Bank, Corn 
Exchange Bank, Stock Exchange, 
New La Salle Hotel, New City and 
County Building and the magnifi- 
cent retail house of Marshall Field 
& Company. 

Architectural Growth of Chicago. 

— Prior to 1840 there were less 
than 500 houses, of every descrip- 
tion, in Chicago. It was the age 
of frame structures, as prior to 
1830, the log cabin had ruled. But 
in 1850 brick buildings had been 
erected by the score, and in 1854 
one marble building stood at the 
southwest corner Clark and Lake 
streets, directly opposite the fa- 
mous "Saloon Building," which was 
a two-story brick structure and in 
which many notable public gath- 
erings were held. In those days 
Chicago was regarded as a town 
to make money in rather than a 
permanent place of residence to 
whose adornment and beautifica- 
tion the residents were willing to 
contribute. As the frame buildings 
yielded to stone and iron structures 
so palaces took the place of ordi- 
nary buildings, great warehouses 
displaced modest stores, and mag- 
nificent homes crowded the modest 
buildings to the outskirts. 

When Lincoln, at the time of the 
great debates with Douglas in 1858, 
visited Chicago, the business dis- 
trict was confined to the section 
bounded by Franklin on the west, 
Adams street on the south, South 
Water street on the north, and 
State street on the east. The fash- 
ionable residence streets were 
Michigan and Wabash avenues, be- 
low Lake street, the western end 
of Washington street, and the dis- 



ARE— ARM 

trict on the North Side east of 
Dearborn street. Magnificent resi- 
dences lined Wabash avenue on 
both sides and eastern visitors of 
that day declared the street supe- 
rior in architectural beauty to the 
celebrated Fifth avenue of New 
York. 

The value of new buildings in 
the fifties grew steadily until 1860, 
when the figure reached $3,000,000. 
In 1864 it was $4,700,000; in 1865, 
$11,400,000; and in 1871, just before 
the fire, the value of new buildings 
erected exceeded $20,000,000. In 
the haste of construction and in the 
absence of proper fire regulations 
in the days before the great fire, 
the ordinary rules of safety were 
grossly violated, and numerous 
fires were the result. In the fiscal 
year 1863 and 1864, there were 186 
fires, with a loss of $355,560, and 
in 1867 and 1870 the number of 
fires reached 600 and the loss $871,- 
000. In the fiscal year 1870-71 
there were 600 fires with a loss of 
$2,447,845. In the nine years pre- 
ceding the fire of 1871 there were 
3,697 destructive fires in Chicago, 
the loss totaling $13,779,848. The 
warnings were numerous, but they 
remained unheeded until the city 
became a ruin in 1871, and in the 
intervening period to the present, 
Chicago has become the safest city, 
from the standpoint of the under- 
writers, in the world. 

Area of City. — The present area 
of the city is 190 square miles, but 
this will, no doubt, be substantially 
increased in the near future by the 
annexation of several suburbs, 
which are now seeking admission 
into the city. 

Armories. — Illinois National Guard. 

First Regiment Infantry, Ar- 
mory, 1542 Michigan avenue. 

Second Regiment Infantry, Ar- 
mory, Washington boulevard and 
Curtis street. 

Seventh Regiment Infantry, Ar- 
mory, Thirty-third street and Went- 
worth avenue. 

Eighth Regiment Infantry, Ar- 
mory, 414 Thirty-seventh street. 



13 



ARM— ART 



Signal Corps, Headquarters, Sec- 
ond Regiment Armory. 

First Regiment Cavalry, 527 
North Clark street. 

Chicago Zouaves, Headquarters, 
Sixteenth and Dearborn streets. 

Illinois Naval Reserves, Head- 
quarters, 20 Michigan avenue. 

Armour Institute of Technology. 

— 3300 Armour avenue. Estab- 
lished by the late P. D. Armour, 
and comparing favorably with any 
of the great eastern schools. 

Armour Mission and Free Dis- 
pensary. — Located at Dearborn and 
Thirty-third streets is a very hand- 
some building of pressed brick, 
with stone copings. The institu- 
tion has been in operation about 
twenty years, and contains a com- 
modious auditorium for church 
services, several Sunday school 
class rooms, lyceum, kindergarten 
rooms, reading rooms, bath rooms, 
etc. Mr. Joseph Armour left a sum 
of money to establish a philan- 
thropic institution, and Mr. Philip 
D. Armour having added largely to 
it, the present mission was erected. 

Art Center.— The February, 1909, 
exhibition of works by Chicago ar- 
tists at the Art Institute was not 
only the most successful ever held 
there, but it once more emphasizes 
that Chicago is becoming the art 
center of the country. At the pres- 
ent exhibition there were 333 pic- 
tures shown, including the works 
in various media by 131 artists, of 
whom eighty-four were men and 
forty-seven were women. A few 
years ago the exhibitions were con- 
fined to the work of a half dozen 
artists. Now the exhibits come 
from all parts of the city and rep- 
resent a talented and vigorous 
school of young painters who are 
attracting the attention of art lov- 
ing circles throughout the entire 
country. 

Another marked feature of the 
present exhibition is that the pic- 
tures are being sold at prices that 
formerly would have been regarded 
as extraordinary. Works that 
would have been tagged $50 or 



ART-ART 

$100 three or four years since are 
now priced, and not only priced. 
but sold at $500, $800, or even 
$1,000. Chicago painters who be- 
come famous are not now com- 
pelled to go to New York or Paris 
in order to earn a Living, but on the 
contrary many of the paintings at 
the present exhibit have been 
bought by eastern customers. 

Much of the credit for the in- 
creased interest in art in Chicago 
is due to the Women's Club, the 
Klio Association, the Nike, the 
Fortnightly and the Arche Clubs 
having been especially active in 
promoting the success of the ex- 
hibits. 

Within another five or ten years, 
if the present rate of progress 
keeps on, Chicago will be the ac- 
knowledged Paris of the western 
hemisphere, a city of many success- 
ful and eminent artists, with a 
closely defined art atmosphere. 
Chicago will be the mecca of tal- 
ented and aspiring young painters 
and the clearing house of the con- 
tinent for picture dealers. 

Art Institute. — Located in Grant 
Park at Michigan avenue and 
Adams street. The Art Institute 
was incorporated May 24, 1879, for 
the founding and maintenance of 
schools of art and design, the for- 
mation and exhibition of collec- 
tions of objects of art, and the cul- 
tivation and extension of the arts 
of design by any appropriate 
means. The building was erected 
at a cost of $785,000 and was first 
occupied November 1, 1893. The 
ownership is vested in the City of 
Chicago, while the right of use and 
occupancy is vested in the Art In- 
stitute so long as it shall fulfill the 
purposes for which it was organ- 
ized. 

The Art Museum now ranks 
among the first three or four in the 
.country. It contains the Henry 
Field collection of paintings, which 
is especially strong in works of 
modern French masters; the Demi- 
doff collection of old masters, 
chiefly of the Dutch school, and in 
addition numerous American and 
other paintings secured by pur- 



ART— ART 



chase or gift. There is also a large 
and comprehensive collection of 
reproductions of sculpture, the 
greater part of it having been do- 
nated by Mrs. A. M. H. Ellis. 
Reproductions of antique bronzes, 
of objects found at Pompeii and 
Herculaneum and of Egyptian an- 
tiquities are numerous, while many 
other fields of art are well repre- 
sented. The institute has a library 
of 4,000 volumes devoted exclu- 
sively to art. 

The School of Instruction in Art 
Practice includes departments of 
painting, sculpture, decorative de- 
signing and architecture. There 
are day and evening classes for be- 
ginners and advanced pupils. The 
.instructors number about seventy 
and the pupils will average about 
3,000 a year. 

The tuition rates are as follows: 
Day School — Full time for one 
term of twelve weeks, $30; four 
weeks, $12; four days a week, full 
term, $27; four weeks, $11; three 
days a week, full term, $24; four 
weeks, $9; two days a week, full 
term, $18, four weeks, $7; one day 
a week, full term, $12; four weeks, 
$5.00. 

Half-day Courses — Five half days 
a week, $24 a term; four weeks $10; 
four half days a week, $21 a term; 
four weeks, $9; three half days a 
week, $17 a term; four weeks, $7; 
two half days a week, $13 a term; 
four weeks, $5; one half day a 
week, $8 a term; four weeks, $4. 

Evening Rates — Three nights a 
week, $7 a term and $3 for four 
weeks; two nights a week, $5.50 a 
term and $2.50 for four weeks; one 
night a week, $4 a term and $2 for 
four weeks. 

Saturday Rates for Juvenile Class 
— Twelve half days for $5. 

The Art Museum is open free to 
the public from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. 
on Wednesdays, Saturdays and 
Sundays and on public holidays. 
On other days the charge for ad- 
mission is twenty-five cents. 

Artistic Silverware. — It is con 
ceded that the United States has 
no competitor in the world in the 



5 ^ 
n > 
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z * 

~2 
O Z 
G 

Si 

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(15) 



ART— ASH 16 

production of artistic designs and 
elegant workmanship in silver. All 
Chicago's prominent jewelers carry 
large stocks and will take orders 
for any original design. While we 
have no large manufactories as yet, 
we have firms who will do work 
as perfectly and promptly as any 
others in the country, whether 
East or West. 

Artists' Societies. — 

Art Students' League, Art Insti- 
tute. 

Atlan Ceramic Art Club, Art In- 
stitute. 

Chicago Arts and Crafts Society, 
500, 100 State street. 

Chicago Camera Club, 87 Lake 
street. 

Chicago Ceramic Art Associa- 
tion, Art Institute. 

Chicago Society of Artists (or- 
ganzed 1902), Art Institute. 

Chicago Water Color Club (or- 
ganized 1907). 

Lake View Art Club, 522 Fuller- 
ton avenue. 

North Side Art Club. 

Palette and Chisel Club, Athe- 
naeum Building. 

Society of Western Artists, Park 
Ridge, 111. 

Ashland Block. — The Ashland 
Block, which is located on the 
northeast corner of Clark and Ran- 
dolph streets, is one of the most 
imposing structures in the city. It 
is sixteen stories in height and the 
top of the cornice is 200 feet from 
the sidewalk. The building is of 
steel construction and fire-proofed 
with tile and brick. The walls are 
of red pressed brick with terra- 
cotta trimmings. The exterior 
style of architecture is Renaissance, 
while the general style is in accord- 
ance with modern Chicago office 
buildings. The main entrance is 
on Clark street and is in the form 
of a semi-circular arch with an 
elaborate Roman effect. There are 
seven elevators. The first three 
floors are designed for large busi- 
ness establishments, while the other 
floors are used for offices. The 
entire cost of this splendid build- 
ing is $650,000. 



ASS— ASS 

Assets of the City of Chicago. — 

Corporate purposes — 

Real estate $ 1,611,163.92 

Buildings 5,198,306.77 

Equipments 6,425,830.70 

Bridges, viaducts, etc. 1,520,371.87 
Wharfiing privilege 

mortgages 25,247.04 



Total $ 14,780,920.30 

Waterworks — 

Real estate $ 770,457.25 

Buildings 1,005,230.68 

Equipment 43,338,782.88 



Total $ 45,114,470.81 

Schools — 

Real estate $ 17,267,109.28 

Buildings 27,209,110.04 

Equipments 3,427,272.37 



Totals $ 47,903,491.69 

Public Library — 

Buildings $ 2,035,550.00 

Equipment 490,554.48 



Total $ 2,526,104.48 

Summary — 

Corporate $ 14,780,920.30 

Waterworks 45,114,470.81 

Schools 47,903,491.69 

Public Library 2,526,104.48 



Grand total $110,324,987.28 

Assessed Valuation. — The taxa- 
ble property in Chicago, both real 
and personal, amount to $476,770,- 
399. On this amount there is an 
annual assessment of $34,131,871.09. 

Associated Press. — It was in 1849 
when the leading daily papers of 
New York discovered that there 
was more money in the cooperative 
collection of some classes of news 
than in the chance of an occasional 
"scoop." As dollars were worth 
more then than now, it added to 
their income to be able to obtain, 
for six or seven papers, matter that 
cost only one price, or divided the 
expense by seven. When the league 
had grown strong, the scope 
of the gathering was increased 
to cover all news. From the 
first, no new members could 
be admitted to the combination 
without unanimous consent. As a 



ASYr-ASY 17 

new-comer could never obtain this, 
the Associated Press has been de- 
nounced again and again in news- 
paper columns and on the floor of 
Congress, as an unjust and profita- 
ble monopoly. As time went on, 
the newspapers of various cities 
formed associations depending upon 
the parent association, and gov- 
erned by the same laws. In Chi- 
cago this franchise was held origi- 
nally by the Tribune, Times, In- 
ter-Ocean, Staats Zeitung, Journal, 
and Daily News. Some of the 
other papers have now limited con- 
tracts, which permit their receiv- 
ing the news at a fixed price. The 
association ''swaps, " or sells its 
news to other associations all oyer 
this country and Europe. Nothing 
worthy of telegraph attention can 
escape its notice, no matter how 
obscure the quarter in which it hap- 
pens. It has successfully resisted 
all attempts at competition in the 
gathering and distribution of news. 
It has passed into a proverb, that 
no journal can succeed outside the 
pale of the Associated Press. The 
anomaly of its existence is, that it 
has no capital stock; is not a corpo- 
ration, in the usual sense of the 
word. It takes a cool $250,000 to 
buy a membership, so that its total 
good-will can be named at about 
a couple of millions. The Asso- 
ciation has its office in the West- 
ern Union Telegraph Company's 
buildings, Broadway, corner of Dey 
street. The telegraph company 
grants it special contracts in the 
use of its wires. There is also a 
National Press Association using 
the wires of the Atlantic and Pa- 
cific Telegraph Company, at 145 
Broadway, with offices in Chicago. 

Asylums. — 

Angel Guardian German Orphan 
Asylum, 401 Devon Ave. 

Chicago Daily News Fresh Air 
Fund, City Office, 123 Fifth Ave., 
Sanitarium, foot of Fullerton Ave., 
Lincoln Park. 

Chicago Home for Incurables, Ellis 
Ave., cor. 56th St. 

Chicago Home for Provident Or- 
phans, Drexel Ave. and 62d St. 

Chicago Industrial Home for Chil- 
dren, Woodstock, 111. 

Chicago Industrial Home for Girls, 
49th St. and Prairie Ave. 



ASY— ASY 



Chicago Municipal Lodging House, 
10 N. Union St. 

Chicago Nursery and Half Orphan 
Asylum, 175 Burling and 855 N. Hal- 
sted Sts. 

Chicago Orphan Asylum, 5120 South 
Park Ave. 

Chicago Refuge for Girls, 5024 In- 
diana Ave. 

Church Home for Aged Persons, 
4323-4329 Ellis Ave. 

Church Home for Orphans, 4331 
Ellis Ave. 

Cook County Insane Asylum, Dun- 
ning, 111. 

Cook County Poorhouse, Dunning, 
P. O. 

Danish Lutheran Orphan's Home, 
975 Evergreen Ave. 

Danish Young People's Home, 3925 
Michigan Ave. 

Englewood Nursery of Children's 
Home Society, 6516 Perry Ave. 

Erring Women's Refuge, 5024 In- 
diana Ave. 

Foundlings' Home, 114 S. Wood St. 

Florence Crittenden Anchorage, 
2615 Indiana Ave. 

German Old People's Home, Oak 
Park, P. O. 

Home for Aged and Infirm Colored 
People, 610 W. Garfield Blvd. 

Holy Family Orphan Asylum, 136 
W. Division St. 

Home for the Aged, cor. W. Harri- 
son and Throop Sts. 

Home for Crippled Children, 46 
Park Ave. 

Home for the Friendless and Work- 
ing Girls, Ellis Ave. and 52d St. 

Home for the Friendless, Vincen- 
nes Ave., cor. 51st St. 

House of Providence, cor. Orleans 
and Elm Sts. 

House of Mercy for Young Women, 
adjoining Mercy Hospital, 2834 Wa- 
bash Ave. 

House of the Good Shepherd, Grace 
and Racine Ave. 

Illinois Industrial School for Girls, 
Evanston. 

Illinois Masonic Orphan's Home, 
447 Carroll Ave. 

Illinois School of Agriculture and 
Manual Training for Boys, Glenwood, 
Illinois. 

Illinois Woman's Home, 3834 Lang- 
ley Ave. 

Industrial Home for the Blind, 
Southwest Blvd. and 19th St. 

Jackson Park Sanitarium, 64th St. 
and the Lake. 

Jewish Orphans' Home, Drexel Ave. 
and 62d St. 

Jewish Old People's Home, 62d St. 
and Drexel Ave. 

Lifeboat Rest for Girls, 436 State 
Street. 

Martha Washington Home, Irving 
Park Blvd. and Western Ave. 

Methodist Episcopal Old People's 
Home, 975 Foster Ave. 

Mission of Our Lady of Mercy, 363 
W. Jackson Blvd. 

Newsboys' and Bootblacks' Home, 
1418 Wabash Ave. 



ASY— ATH 

Norwegian Old People's Home, 
Avondale and Ceylon Aves. 

Old People's Home, Vincennes Ave. 
and 47th St. 

Orthodox Jewish Home for the 
Aged, Albany and Ogden Aves. 

Presbyterian Old People's Home, 
323 Oakwood Blvd. 

St. Anthony's Hospital and Orphan- 
age, 14 Frankfort St. 

St. Charles Home and School for 
Boys, St. Charles, 111. 

St. Joseph's Home for Aged and 
Crippled, Schubert and Hamlin Aves. 

St. Joseph's Home for the Friend- 
less, 409 S. May St. 

St. Joseph's Provident Orphan Asy- 
lum, N. 40th Ave., between W. Di- 
versy and W. Belmont Aves. 

St. Mary's Home for Children 
(Episcopal), 1251 W. Jackson Blvd. 

St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum, Schu- 
bert and Hamlin Ave. 

Uhlich Evangelical Lutheran Or- 
phan's Asylum, cor. Burling and Cen- 
ter Sts. 

Workingmen's Home and Medical 
Mission, 1341 State St. 

Washingtonian Home, 566 to 572 
W. Madison St. 

Western German Baptist Old Peo- 
ple's Home, 1006 N. Spaulding Ave. 

Woman's Model Lodging House, 10 
Eldridge PI. 

Zion Home for Erring Women, 3623 
Vernon Ave. 

Athletics. — Athletic sports of 
every kind flourish and find sup- 
port and patronage in Chicago. 
Several gymnasiums, of which the 
most noted are the Athenaeum and 
the Y. M. C. A., afford opportuni- 
ties for muscular development, 
while the athletic clubs of all va- 
rieties are almost innumerable. 
There are about 400 organized 
baseball clubs in Chicago, seven or 
eight boat clubs, and several prom- 
inent cricket organizations. 

Cycling is a popular amusement, 
and there is a large enrollment 
among the different bicycle clubs 
of the city. There are a large num- 
ber of hunting and fishing clubs, 
nearly all possessing tracts of land 
near the city limits. Tennis finds 
many devotees, and several excel- 
lent courts are largely patronized 
during the summer. In the winter 
there are frequent exhibitions of 
wrestling, numerous football games 
and a great variety of outdoor 
sports, which the mild climate ren- 
ders possible. 

Many athletes keep in training at 
handball courts, while the club men 



18 



AUC— AUC 



and their friends find sport and 
exercise in "indoor ball." 

The Chicago Athletic Associa- 
tion, which occupies a magnificent 
building on Michigan avenue, has 
a very large membership and bids 
fair to become the most powerful 
athletic society in the country. 

Auctions. — The number of people 
who, like Mr. Toodles, have a pas- 
sion for attending auctions in 
search of "bargains," is very large, 
and hence, although mock-auctions 
have been suppressed, in a great 
measure, there are still many in- 
genious swindles perpetrated under 
the guise of auction sales. The 
mock-auction occasionally crops up 
on Clark, West Madison and Hal- 
sted streets, but one must be ex- 
tremely simple to be lured into one 
of these shops, and their victims, 
therefore, are usually green and un- 
educated countrymen or foreigners. 
Mock-auctions are commonly car- 
ried on in a small shop, carefully 
darkened by filling the windows 
with various kinds of ostensible 
merchandise, and tenanted chiefly 
by the proprietor and his confed- 
erates, who keep up a lively bid- 
ding, till some unwary passerby is 
seduced into entering, and speedily 
"stuck" with some worthless arti- 
cle at a fabulous price. Should the 
victim find that he is called upon 
to pay too dearly for his folly, he 
may escape scot free by stoutly 
denying that he has made any bid, 
calling in the police, or , perhaps, 
showing fight. In most cases, how- 
ever, the victim prefers to pocket 
his loss and his mortification to- 
gether. There is a kind of a sale 
of a less distinctly fraudulent de- 
scription, but still anything but 
bona fide, which takes place some- 
times in auction rooms, but more 
frequently in private houses which 
are hired for the purpose, and is 
worked upon this plan: The house- 
hold goods offered are usually 
vamped up, or originally manufac- 
tured for the purpose, but are ad- 
vertised and announced as_ the 
property of some family "declining 
house-keeping" for some reason or 
other, but which is always osten- 



AUD— AUD 



19 



AUD— AUD 



tatiously made known. However 
great a bargain the innocent pur- 
chaser may think he has secured, a 
short time will invariably serve to 
show him his mistake. The cus- 
tom of introducing a portion of 
these articles into a genuine sale 
by irresponsible auctioneers, also 
prevails to some extent. Indeed, if 
one attend a legitimate sale, held 
by responsible auctioneers, he will 
find himself but little better off. 
As a buyer, he will be opposed by 
a mob of "dealers" in second-hand 
goods and brokers, all in league 
with each other either to crush him 
altogether or run him up to the 
highest price that can be screwed 
out of him. As a seller, he will 
find the same combination exerting 
all their skill to secure the knock- 
ing down of each lot to one of their 
gang, the articles afterward being 
divided among themselves, and the 
profits of the transaction secured 
by a private sale. The only chance 
for a novice, when selling, is to get 
some friend to watch the sale and 
bid up to a fixed reserve price on 
each article from a marked cata- 
logue, and when buying to make 
up his mind as to the highest price 
he is prepared to pay, and never, 
under any circumstances, to allow 
himself to be coaxed or irritated 
into exceeding that figure in his 
bids. At the best, however, the 
novice will do well, and make 
money by saving it, if he keeps away 
from auction sales, especially of 
household goods, where the board- 
ing house mistresses and dealers 
usually have it all their own way. 
Auction sales of books and works 
of art are in the hands of two or 
three reputable dealers, with well- 
known places of business, and fair 
treatment may be expected, and is 
usually received. There is a class 
of auction sales of pictures, where 
the articles offered are mostly glit- 
tering daubs expressly manufac- 
tured for the purpose, and calcu- 
lated to deceive the uninitiated. 

Auditorium Annex. — Also the 
Congress Hotel, which is practical- 
ly a continuation of the Annex, are 
numbered among the most exten- 



sive commodious and costly struc- 
tures ever erected for hotel pur- 
poses. Among the attractions are 
the famous banquet rooms, with ac- 
commodations for from ten to one 
thousand persons; grill room, 
ladies' and gentlemen's restaurants, 
palm garden, new breakfast room, 
private dining rooms, beautiful Jap- 
anese tea room for ladies, Eliza- 
bethan room, the magnificent Pom- 
peian room with more than double 
its former capacity, etc., all facing 
Lake Michigan and Lake Front 
park, at Michigan boulevard, Con- 
gress street and Wabash avenue. 
Absolutely fireproof and conducted 
on the European plan. 

Auditorium Building. — The mag- 
nificent building which bears this 
name is the property of a corpo- 
ration. The city glories in its 
grandeur, and would bear arms in 
its defense. When private indi- 
viduals rear temples, over the 
shrine of which pro bono publico 
is implied, if not inscribed, they 
must not complain if the same 
public regards the institution as its 
own. This building has likewise 
been appropriated as a political 
temple by the great parties of the 
Union. In this grand Auditorium, 
located as it is in the very key- 
stone of the Union, every State and 
district may meet in the person of 
their representatives, and make 
presidents. It is the shrine of 
music, art and the drama. It is also 
large enough, generous enough and 
broad enough in its policy to cover 
any sect or creed, or a convention 
of all denominations, and the voice 
of its unequaled organ would 
drown the chants of one and sound 
the praise of all. 

There is certainly no other struc- 
ture in America that equals the 
Auditorium. It is located on Con- 
gress street, Michigan and Wabash 
avenues, having a total street front- 
age of 710 feet. The height of the 
main building, ten stories, is 145 
feet; tower above main building 
(eight floors), 95 feet; lantern tower 
above main (two floors), 30 feet. 
Total height, 270 feet;, weight of 




(20) 



AUD— AUD 

entire building, 110,000 tons. Ex- 
terior of building, granite and Bed- 
ford stone; interior, iron, brick, 
terra cotta, marble and hardwood 
finish. The building cost $3,200,- 
000. Ground was broken January, 
1887, and it was completed Febru- 
ary, 1890. The building includes: 

Auditorium Theater. — Permanent 
seating capacity over 4,000 for con- 
ventions, etc. (for which the stage 
will be utilized), about 8,000. This 
department of the building con- 
tains the most complete and costly 
stage and organ in the world. In 
this grand theater, under the able 
management of Milward Adams, 
many of the greatest amusement 
events of the present age have 
taken place. It is also the home 
of Chicago's greatest annual so- 
ciety event, The Charity Ball. Re- 
cital Hall seats 500. The business 
portion consists of stores and 136 
offices, part of which are in the 
tower. These departments of the 
building are managed by the Chi- 
cago Auditorium Association. 

Auditorium Hotel. — The Audi- 
torium Hotel proper has 400 guest 
rooms. The grand dining room 
(175 feet long). The magnificent 
banquet hall is built of steel, in 
trusses, spanning 120 feet over the 
Auditorium. 

Auditorium Tower. — One of the 
grandest views from any artificial 
elevation in the world is to be had 
right here in Chicago, from the 
tower of the Great Auditorium 
building. Thousands have already 
ascended the eminence and viewed 
the grandest of modern cities, and 
yet the fact that so fine a view is 
to be had from the balcony of the 
upper tower is comparatively un- 
known, even to people living within 
the city. A bird's-eye view from 
this eminence reveals some strange 
and interesting things. Michigan 
boulevard appears like a long, white 
tape or thread, with its thousands 
of vehicles and pedestrians, and 
Wabash avenue, with its many 
electric street cars, Lake Michigan 
and the Lake Park and Basin, are 
among the chief objects of interest. 



21 AUR— AUT 

The sight that meets the eye is in- 
deed a study, and the effect most 
pleasing, instructive, and entertain- 
ing. Neither St. Paul's in London 
nor St. Peter's in Rome offers so 
fine a view. On a clear day Michi- 
gan and Indiana shores are clearly 
visible to the naked eye. And last, 
but not least, is the view by night. 
The myriads of lights of every de- 
scription all over the city, in every 
direction as far as the eye and 
glass can reach, scattered and in 
clusters, and in long double rows, 
threading either side of the streets 
and avenues, are a charming and 
fascinating sight that reminds you 
of the fables of the Arabian Nights 
and Aladdin's Cave. Then add the 
moonlight, and the enchantment is 
complete, The public is admitted 
to the tower, a small fee being 
charged for the service. 

Aurora. — Aurora is thirty-seven 
miles from Chicago, and its popu- 
lation is 33,000. Aurora is noted 
for its beautiful homes, schools, 
churches, finely paved streets and 
all the equipment of an up-to-date 
city. It is also an enterprising 
manufacturing city, situated on the 
Fox River, which divides the town 
into two nearly equal parts. 

Automobiles. — There are over 
6,000 licensed automobiles in Chi- 
cago. The value of these elegant 
vehicles is enormous. It seems as 
though the horse is doomed to be 
supplanted by the horseless car- 
riage. An almost endless proces- 
sion of automobiles may be seen 
at any time, night or day, on the 
boulevards, on certain streets and 
park driveways. 

The annual Auto Show, Febru- 
ary, 1909, a statement of which fol- 
lows, will give a fair idea of the 
magnitude of the automobile in- 
dustry: 

Number of exhibitors 278 

American cars displayed... 92 

Commercial exhibits 6 

Foreign exhibits 2 

Accessory exhibits 178 

Value of exhibits $2,000,000 

Attendance for week 200,000 

Amount show space, sq ft. . 85,000 

Lowest priced car $ 250 

Highest priced car $ 10,000 



AUT— AUT 22 

Cost of decorations $ 50,000 

Auto dealers at show 5,000 

Forty-seven different displays of 
pleasure cars were installed on the 
main floor of the Coliseum, the 
Woods and Peerless exhibits first 
catching the eye of the visitor after 
entering the main door of the build- 
ing. Others having booths about 
the floor are the Winton, Pope, 
Thomas, Stevens-Duryea, Elmore 
Rambler, Babcock, Baker, Stearns, 
Reo, Packard, E-M-F, Premier, 
Studebaker, National, Haynes, 
White, Stoddard-Dayton, Cadillac, 
Maxwell, Locomobile, Franklin, 
Apperson, Buick, Holsman, Toledo, 
Alco, Pierce, Oldsmobile, Corbin, 
Matheson, Knox, Glide, Lozier, De 
Luxe, Mitchell, Ricketts, Chalmers- 
Detroit, American Simplex, Pull- 
man, Austin, Oakland, Pennsyl- 
vania, Midland and Welch. 

Among the cars displayed here are 
the Kisselkar, Speedwell, Buckeye, 
Jackson, Columbus, Moon, Atlas, 
Dorris, Overland, Cartercar, Pope- 
Waverly, Mclntyre, Mora, Mar- 
mon, Moline, Auburn, Anderson, 
Rapid, Black, Meteor, Staver, 
Model, Fiat, Wayne, Gaeth, Ber- 
liet, Rauch and Lang and Brush. 

Motor buggies were quartered in 
the basement of the Coliseum, 
where the visitor found the Sacht, 
Emancipator, Randolph, Rider- 
Lewis and Bendix, in addition to a 
number of powerful motor trucks. 
Accessories occupied the gallery of 
the Coliseum along with the tire 
exhibits, which included the Fire- 
stone, Fisk, G. & J., Republic, Dia- 
mond, Michelin, Continental, Em- 
pire, Hartford, Goodrich, Morgan 
& Wright, Pennsylvania, Goodyear 
and Swinehart. 

The motorcycles in twenty-two 
different makes held the center of 
the boards on the second floor of 
the Coliseum Annex, the line of 
two-wheelers including the Indian, 
Excelsior, Harley-Davidson, Pierce, 
Merkel, Reading-Standard, Armac, 
Magnet, Thor, N. S. U., Wagner, 
M. M. and Excelsior. 

Automobile in Commerce. — The 

importance of the automobile as a 
speedy means of passenger trans- 



AUT— AUT 

portation is far overshadowed by 
its importance as commercial ve- 
hicle. This phase of its develop- 
ment is still practically in its in- 
fancy, but every day sees a notable 
increase in the number of mechan- 
ically propelled drays in the larger 
cities. The horse has not yet 
passed, but it is beyond question 
that he is passing. 

The advantages of the motor 
truck over the horse drawn vehicle 
are numerous and generally obvi- 
ous. It is swifter, easier to handle, 
can travel far longer distances and 
is more economical. The one great 
problem that confronted the mer- 
chant heretofore in deciding be- 
tween the two methods of trans- 
mitting his goods was that of re- 
liability. It is only yesterday that 
the automobile arrived, metaphor- 
ically speaking, and it was still 
largely in an experimental stage 
when the first commercial vehicles 
were placed on the market. It was 
only natural then that at first there 
should be a fairly numerous list of 
cases where the new invention 
failed to work satisfactorily from 
a mechanical point of view. To- 
day, however, that is no longer the 
case, for electrical and gasoline 
trucks have been brought to a 
fairly satisfactory stage of perfec- 
tion and can be relied on to at 
least as great an extent as any 
others. 

What this development in com- 
mercial enterprise means is not 
easy to overestimate. It doubles 
the territory which a firm can 
cover with its deliveries and brings 
the suburbs of a city into far closer 
relation with the business district 
than was ever possible before. In 
this respect it is at least as note- 
worthy an advance as was brought 
about by the perfection of the trol- 
ley car and the elevated train. 

Automobile, Cab and Hack Fares. 

Automobiles seating three or more. 
For one or two passengers, not 

exceeding one mile $0.50 

Each additional passenger 25 

Each additional mile for party. . .25 
Children between 5 and 14. .half price 
By the hour, stopping as desired 3.00 

Automobiles seating four. 
For one or two passengers, not 



AUT— BAD 23 

exceeding one mile $1.00 

Each additional person 50 

Each additional mile for all 50 

Children between 5 and 14. .half price 
By the hour, stopping as desired 5.00 

When discharged, operator has the 
right to charge for time to return to 
starting point. 

In case of break down and deten- 
tion of over 30 minutes, no charge 
should be made from such time of 
detention unless parties elect to re- 
main, men they are entitled to time 
delayed. 

Automobile Club. — The Chicago 
Automobile Club is an organization 
of the automobilists of Chicago. 
It is located at 13 Plymouth Court, 
near Jackson Boulevard. Any de- 
sired point concerning local auto- 
mobile events may be obtained 
here. 

Average Yield of Wheat. — The 

present average yield of wheat to 
the acre in the United States is 
13.88 bushels. In England it is 30 
bushels; in Denmark, 28; in the 
Netherlands, 34; and in Germany, 
27. Yet in none of these countries 
are soil and climatic conditions 
more favorable for raising wheat 
than in the greater part of the 
United States. The trouble is that 
there is inexcusable carelessness in 
agriculture and a blindness to best 
interests that is astonishing. 

Bad Milk. — Indictments for man- 
slaughter may be asked against 
milk dealers and others selling im- 
pure food. 

It would be the first time in the 
history of the city and county that 
such drastic steps were taken_ in 
connection with the sale of im- 
pure food products. 

Where death had occurred from 
the impure foods that indictments 
for manslaughter could follow. In 
cases of conviction on that charge 
the offenders could be sent to 
prison for life. 

One of the most serious cases 
called to the attention of the As- 
sistant State's Attorney by the 
Health Commissioner was a ty- 
phoid epidemic in Pullman. Many 
persons died and the disease was 
traced to the sale of impure milk. 



BAN— BAN 

Banking Panics, — Chicago has 
been visited by several banking 
panics causing wild excitement and 
much financial scandal. These flur- 
ries are now things of the past. By 
consolidation and reorganization 
the banks of Chicago have been put 
upon a firm and lasting basis. There 
is not a weak or untrustworthy 
banking institution now doing busi- 
ness in the city, and the condition 
of the local banks compares favor- 
ably with those of New York or 
Philadelphia. 

The most trying times for the 
Chicago banking business came in 
1897, when several banks, sup- 
posedly sound and strong, closed 
their doors, the depositors losing 
almost everything. It was found 
that wildcat speculation had had 
much to do with these collapses, 
and the confidence of the business 
world in Chicago securities was 
seriously shaken. Without delay, 
the state's attorney's office of Cook 
county set to work to ferret out 
the responsibility for the series of 
defalcations. Several men who had 
stood high in Chicago moneyed 
circles were tried, convicted and 
sent to the penitentiary. The law 
dealt with the defaulters with great 
sternness, and it is now believed 
that the example thus made will 
never have to be repeated. Ever 
since the doors of Joliet opened to 
receive the defaulting bankers, Chi- 
cago banks have been run on a com- 
mon-sense basis, and the nation at 
large is today as firmly assured of 
the safety of Chicago banking in- 
stitutions as of the oldest in New 
York. 

Consolidation has been the rule 
of recent years in Chicago banking 
circles, and, while several new and 
strong banks have been started, 
several others have merged their 
forces and are now combined in 
united institutions which have no 
superiors in the nation. A few 
banks were swept out of existence 
by panics and defalcations, but 
those now listed in Chicago are 
on a solid basis and amply forti- 
fied against financial troubles. 



BAN— BAN 



24 



BAN— BAN 



Banks. — American Trust and Sav- 
ings, Monroe and Clark streets. 

Bank of Montreal, 184 La Salle 
street. 

Bank of Nova Scotia, 134 Mon- 
roe street. 

Bankers' National, Marquette 
Building. 

Central Hyde Park, 219 East Fif- 
ty-fifth street. 

Central Trust Company of Illi- 
nois, 152 Monroe street. 



Continental National, La Salle 
and Adams streets. 

Cook County State Savings, 9 
and 11 Blue Island avenue. 

Corn Exchange National, 206 La 
Salle street. 

Drovers' Deposit National, For- 
ty-second and Halsted streets. 

Drexel State Bank of Chicago, 
Oakwood v boulevard and Cottage 
Grove avenue. 

Drovers' Trust and Savings, 4201 







jii i 



First National Bank Building, 
Northeast Corner Dearborn and Monroe Streets. 



Ashland Exchange and Savings, 
1710 West Sixty-third street. 

Chicago City, 6225 South Hal- 
sted street. 

Chicago Clearing House, North- 
ern Trust Building. 

Chicago Savings Bank and Trust 
Company, State and Madison 
streets. 

Colonial Trust and Savings, 205 
La Salle street. 

Commercial National, Adams and 
Clark streets. 

Citizens' Trust and Savings, 5458 
State street. 



South Halsted street. 

Englewood State, 337 West Six- 
ty-third street. 

Equitable Trust Company, 171 
La Salle street. 

Farwell Trust Company, 226 La 
Salle street. 

First National, Dearborn and 
Monroe streets. 

First National, Englewood, 443 
and 445 West Sixty-third street. 

First Trust and Savings, 119 
Monroe street. 

Foreman Bros.' Banking Com- 
pany, La Salle and Madison streets. 



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BAN— BAN 28 

Fort Dearborn National, 132 
Monroe street. 

Hamilton National, 171 La Salle 
street. 

Harris Trust and Savings, 204 
Dearborn street. 

Hibernian Banking Association, 
Monroe and Clark streets. 

Hyde Park Bank, 111 Fifty-third 
street. 

Illinois Trust and Savings, La 
Salle street and Jackson boulevard. 

Industrial Savings, 652 Blue Is- 
land avenue. 

Kasper State, 623 Blue Island 
avenue. 

Kenwood Trust and Savings, 
Grand boulevard and Forty-seventh 
street. 

Merchants' Loan and Trust Com- 
pany, 135 Adams street. 

Metropolitan Trust and Savings, 
108 La Salle street. 

Monroe National, 152 Monroe 
street. 

Mutual Bank, Wabash avenue 
and Madison street. 

National Bank of the Republic, 
171 La Salle street. 

National City, 184 La Salle street. 

National Live Stock, Exchange 
Building, Stock Yards. 

National Produce, Lake and Clark 
streets. 

North Avenue State, North ave- 
nue and Larabee street. 

North Side State Savings, 245 
North Clark street. 

Northwest Savings, Milwaukee 
avenue and West North avenue. 

Northern Trust Company, cor- 
ner of LaSalle and Monroe streets. 

Northwestern Trust and Savings, 
814 Milwaukee avenue. 

Oakland National, 3901 Cottage 
Grove avenue. 

People's Trust and Savings, 4711 
Ashland avenue. 

Prairie State, West Washington 
and Desplaines streets. 

Prairie National, 159 La Salle 
street. 

Pullman Trust and Savings, Ar- 
cade Building, Pullman. 

Ravenswood Exchange, 1305 
West Ravenswood Park. 

Railway Exchange Bank, 15 
Jackson boulevard. 



BAR— BAS 

Security Bank of Chicago, 409 
Milwaukee avenue. 

State Bank of Chicago, La Salle 
and Washington streets. 

Stockmen's Trust and Savings, 
5425 South Halsted street. 

Stock Yards Savings, 4170 Hal- 
sted street. 

Union, 70 La Salle street. 

Union Trust Company, Tribune 
Building. 

Union Stock Yards State, 4649 
South Ashland street. 

Washington Park Bank, 6242 
Cottage Grove avenue. 

Western Trust and Savings, 
Rookery Building, 217 La Salle 
street. 

West Englewood Bank, 1637 
West Sixty-third street. 

West Side Trust and Savings, 
284 West Twelfth street. 

Woodlawn Trust and Savings, 
451 East Sixty-third street. 

Bar Association. — A society of 
members of the Chicago bar, the 
objects of which include the eleva- 
tion of the profession, the preser- 
vation of a dignified and upright 
judiciary, high morality in practice, 
and the promotion of all needed 
legal reforms, located at Suite 1110, 
Fort Dearborn Building. 

Barrington. — Barrington is 31.6 
miles from Chicago, and its popu- 
lation is 1,162. Nearby, are Wau- 
conda and Lake Zurich, popular 
fishing and summer resorts. This 
town lies in a fine farming and 
dairy section. 

Baseball. — The level ground, and 
large number of vacant lots, ren- 
ders Chicago particularly the para- 
dise of the baseball player. Within 
the city limits there are now six 
enclosed ball parks, the National 
League, at Polk and Lincoln 
streets, the American League, at 
Wentworth avenue and Thirty- 
ninth street, and four belong to 
strong semi-professional teams. 
These games are largely patron- 
ized, and draw audiences of the 
best people in the city. Attend- 
ance at each of the two parks will 
average about 2,000 on week days, 
5,000 on Saturdays, and as high as 



BAT— BEG 29 

from 12,000 to 22,000 on Sundays. 
Much rivalry exists between the 
competing leagues, and no love is 
lost between the National and 
American managers. 

Baths (Turkish).— The Turkish 
bath, as an agent for the reduction 
of flesh, or the restoration of vital- 
ity, is very popular in Chicago, and 
the larger hotels have excellent 
bath-parlors connected with their 
establishments. The baths of the 
Palmer House, Grand Pacific, and 
other hotels, are well patronized, 
and prove sources of considerable 
profit. 

Bedrooms. — We spend one-third 
of our lives in bed. For this reason 
the bedroom is an important fac- 
tor in our physical health and 
vigor. The sleeping room furnish- 
ings should be few and simple in 
character. There should be no car- 
pets for the collection and retention 
of dust. The bed may be either of 
wood or iron, but the plainer the 
better. The floor should be of 
hardwood. The walls and ceilings 
should be calcimined rather than 
papered. This will necessitate more 
frequent decorating, but the proc- 
esses of washing the surfaces and 
calcimining are cleansing and in- 
sure perfect renovation. There 
should be windows opening to the 
outside air and these should be 
opened whenever the room is oc- 
cupied. In the morning the room 
and bedding should be thoroughly 
aired. Do not forget to open the 
windows in the day time nor to run 
up the shades and let in all the 
sunshine possible. 

Bepgars. — Chicago is no excep- 
tion to the rule that the streets of 
every large city are more or less 
infested with beggars. They 
abound principally in public places 
and often select the streets through 
which persons must pass in going 
to and returning from places of 
amusement or public resort, in 
which to ply their trade. Unfor- 
tunately, they are too frequently 
rewarded by considerable gains for 
their clever insight into human na- 



BEG— BER 

ture, since men, and particularly 
young men, prefer bestowing a 
trifle upon them to enduring their 
importunities when in company 
with a lady. The impostorship of 
street beggars is the one rule to 
which there has been as yet no ex- 
ception. If you have a desire to re- 
lieve the distress of any worthy 
object, by inquiring of any clergy- 
man, or of the Overseer of the Out- 
door Poor, 33 West Washington 
street, near Canal, you may find 
plenty of opportunities, but in the 
streets you will find only profes- 
sional and shameless beggars who 
levy ad valorem dues on personal 
weakness. To give to them is 
worse than foolish, since by so do- 
ing you encourage them in their 
assaults upon others. When ap- 
pealed to in the streets, a short, 
sharp "No!" will usually suffice to 
rid you of your beggar; but if he 
persists, threaten to hand him over 
to the first police officer, and he 
will leave you at once. To re- 
marks from shabbily dressed men 
like, "Excuse me, sir, but I — " or, 
"May I speak to you a moment, 
sir?" reply, "No" decisively, and 
before they get any further, as this 
is the prelude to some tale as 
touching as it is untrue. House- 
holders should positively forbid 
their servants to allow any beggar 
inside the basement doors under 
any pretext whatever, as they are 
very often the "pals" of thieves, 
and while they may not steal them- 
selves, they quickly inventory the 
place and gauge the strength and 
fastenings to the doors and win- 
dows for the information of thieves. 
The great number and wide scope 
of the charities of Chicago (see 
Benevolent Societies and Institu- 
tion) leave no excuse for mendi- 
cancy, and it is the duty of every 
police officer to arrest any person 
found begging in the streets. 

Berwyn. — Berwyn is 9.6 miles 
from Chicago, and has a population 
of 3,000. This is a beautiful little 
town, with many elegant homes. 
There are no saloons. Churches 
of various denominations are 
found here. 



BIL— BIL 30 

Billboards and Signs. — Every bill- 
board or sign of greater height 
than two feet and placed on any 
building above the level of the 
ground shall be made wholly of 
incombustible material and shall be 
securely anchored and fastened in 
a manner satisfactory to and ap- 
proved by the commissioner of 
buildings. 

No billboard or sign anchored to, 
fastened to, or situated above or 
upon the roof of any building shall 
be constructed so that the bottom 
of such billboard or sign shall be 
less than one foot or more than 
six feet above the surface of such 
roof, and no such billboard or sign 
shall exceed eight feet in height or 
be more than one hundred square 
feet in superficial area. 

No billboard or sign such as is 
described in this section, whether 
anchored to or fastened to any 
building, or situated or located 
upon the roof thereof, shall be con- 
structed or put in place unless in 
accordance with plans and speci- 
fications which have been submit- 
ted to and approved by the com- 
missioner of buildings. 

Billiards. — Amateurs of this 
game, who are strangers in Chi- 
cago, would do well to remember 
that billiard sharps, as well as bil- 
liard tables, abound in every quar- 
ter of the city, and should there- 
fore be wary of nice young men 
who want to bet a trifle on the 
game. Whenever this is done, the 
stranger's game is apt to improve 
marvelously at critical moments. 
Tables are to be found in all the 
principal hotels and restaurants, 
and at many places devoted exclu- 
sively to that purpose and drink- 
ing. The Brunswick-Balke-Collen- 
der Company tables are the best. 
The usual charges are 50 cents an 
hour. 

Bill-posting. — As blank-walls and 
board-fences decrease in number, 
the bill-poster becomes a more and 
more important factor in Chicago 
business circles — at least in those 
circles where showy advertising 
is considered an essential element 



BIS— BLA 



of success. There was a time when 
anybody could post bills, but now 
the business is almost entirely in 
the hands of a few persons, and 
woe to the man who has the te- 
merity to hire an outsider! His 
bills, if they are put up at all, are 
covered up so quickly by others 
that it would be difficult to estab- 
lish that they were there at all. 
Once in a while regular bill-post- 
ers have a disagreement among 
themselves, and they wage bitter 
war by each destroying — generally 
at night — the bills put up by the 
other; but as a rule they work to- 
gether in harmony, and divide cus- 
tom on some regular plan. The 
theaters have bill-boards of their 
own, placed on the principal streets 
in front of premises, the owners of 
which give permission, generally in 
consideration of a stipulated num- 
ber of "dead-head" passes. Win- 
dows in which lithographs are dis- 
played are paid for, as a rule, in 
the same way. Owners of vacant 
lots and builders of new houses 
very often turn an honest penny by 
letting out the privilege of posting 
bills on the fences, or on the piles 
of brick, to some particular bill- 
poster. 

Bismarck Garden. — The Bis- 
marck Garden is located on Evans- 
ton avenue and North Halsted 
street. Take the Northwestern 
Elevated train or North Clark 
street surface line. 

Blackstone Memorial Library. — 

This beautiful structure is worthy 
of particular mention, not only be- 
cause it is one of the finest and 
costliest library buildings of its 
size in the world, but also because 
it marks the beginning of the 
branch library system in Chicago. 
The location is a triangular lot at 
the intersection of Lake and Wash- 
ington avenues and Forty-ninth 
street. The building covers a rec- 
tangular space of 100 by 45 feet, 
with entrance on Lake avenue. It 
is constructed of white granite in 
the pure Ionic-Grecian style, mod- 
eled after the famous Erectheum at 
Athens. The interior embodies a 



B'NA— BLU 

book-room at the left, with a ca- 
pacity of 20,000 volumes; a read- 
ing-room on the right, and a small 
reading-room for young people at 
the rear, all opening from the ro- 
tunda that is finished in pure Ital- 
ian statuary marble, and is sur- 
mounted by a dome embellished 
with decorative panels by Oliver 
Donatt Grover. The interior finish 
is of the finest mahogany shelves. 
The structure, fully equipped, to- 
gether with the lot on which it 
stands, were the gift of Mrs. T. B. 
Blackstone, in memory of the late 
Timothy B. Blackstone, a prom- 
inent and wealthy citizen of Chi- 
cago. It is operated as a branch 
library, having some 15,000 vol- 
umes on its shelves, which are cir- 
culated for home service, or may 
be used in the beautiful reading- 
room in the building. Direct con- 
nection with the central library is 
secured by means of a telephone 
and a delivery station, so that 
books required for a special pur- 
pose may be quickly transferred 
from the larger collection. 

B'nai Abraham Cemetery. — Lo- 
cated one-half mile south of Wald- 
heim, and about ten miles from 
the City Hall. Take train at Grand 
Central depot via Chicago & North- 
ern Pacific Railroad. Trains leave 
at 12:01 p. m. daily, including Sun- 
days. 

Blue Island.— Blue Island is 15.7 
miles from Chicago, and has a pop- 
ulation of 6,144. It is a manufac- 
turing suburb of Chicago, and sev- 
eral large breweries, lumber and 
brick yards are located here. 

B'nai Shilom Cemetery. — Lo- 
cated on North Clark street and 
Graceland avenue. Take North 
Clark street electric line or Evans- 
ton Division of Chicago, Milwau- 
kee & St. Paul Railway. 

Board of Aldermen. — Total mem- 
bership, 70 — two from each of the 
thirty-five wards. Compensation, 
$3,000 per year, with mileage and 
secretary's salary of $1,500 a year 
for the hold-over members. Dur- 
ing the building of the new City- 
Hall they will meet in a council 



31 



BOA— BOA 



chamber 200-206 Randolph street, 
known as the Lehman Building. 
The aldermen maintain offices in 
their wards, and are accessible to 
their constituants. 

Regular meetings of the council 
are held every Monday evening at 
7:30 o'clock. In general the duties 
of the Board of Aldermen are to 
enact ordinances for the govern- 
ment of the city, levy and collect 
taxes, make appropriations, regu- 
late licenses, etc. 

Board of Trade. — The Chicago 
Board of Trade was organized on 
the 13th day of March, 1848, when 
the population of Chicago was 
about 28,000 souls. Its first annual 
meeting was held in 1849. Since 
that date not only has Chicago but 
the entire West made phenomenal 
progress. Its numbers then, of 
course, were very small. Its be- 
ginnings were merely initiatory 
and in view of the development of 
this part of the country, as con- 
sidered by those few sagacious men 
who convened and established this 
great commercial body. It pro- 
vides facilities for the transaction 
of business, such as the Exchange 
Room, telegraphic facilities, plac- 
ing this market in instant com- 
munication with all the markets 
throughout the world; valuable sta- 
tistical information, committees of 
arbitration for the inexpensive and 
prompt settlement of business con- 
troversies. In a great variety of 
facts this statistical information is 
daily and hourly, and, in fact, in 
many instances, instantaneously at 
the service of the members of the 
Board, to guide them to an intelli- 
gent conduct of their business, and 
to enable them to fully and prop- 
erly advise the producer and con- 
sumer of this great range of in- 
formation, designed to aid them in 
intelligently instructing their com- 
mission merchants as to the con- 
duct of the grain consigned to their 
care. Telegraphic facilities are 
provided for unhindered and 
prompt communication with ship- 
pers, with customers, with pur- 
chasers and with consumers. All 
of these statistics are not only at 




CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE BUILDING, 
La Salle Street and Jackson Boulevard. 



(32) 



BOA— BOA 

the service of the members, but 
representatives of the press have 
constant, unhindered access to this 
range of information in order that 
the public may be kept fully in- 
formed regarding values and the 
general movement of merchandise 
dealt in by members of the Board. 

To indicate the growth of the 
business connected with the Chi- 
cago Board of Trade and also the 
growth of the immense territory 
tributary to Chicago, I would state 
that the quantity of flour shipped 
from Chicago in 1848 aggregated 
45,000 barrels; the number shipped 
in 1908 was 9,180,000 barrels. The 
quantity of wheat shipped in 1848 
was about 2,000,000 bushels; the 
quantity shipped in 1908 was 23,- 
000,000 bushels. Our receipts of 
corn in 1908 aggregated 91,000,000 
bushels; of wheat, 21,000,000 bush- 
els; of oats, 93,000,000 bushels, in 
round numbers. The total receipts 
of grain and of flour in its wheat 
equivalent, foj" the year 1908, ag- 
gregated 272,941,506 bushels; ship- 
ments for the year aggregated 
222,783,375 bushels. 

The system of buying and sell- 
ing grain for future delivery has 
been of immense benefit to the 
farmer and producer. It was de- 
vised solely in the interest of the 
farmer and interior grain buyer. It 
provides for the economical mar- 
keting of the chief crops of the 
West; it creates and maintains a 
broad, active and constant market 
for the sale of grain and provisions, 
independent of an immediate, ac- 
tual, existing consumptive demand; 
it was an evolution and grew nat- 
urally, gradually and inevitably out 
of the pressing necessities arising 
from the rapid growth of a vast 
fertile area, whose teeming prod- 
ucts awaited facilities for ready and 
constant sale, at prices just to 
buyer and seller, to producer and 
consumer, and without any unfair 
advantage to either the capitalist 
or merchant on the one hand or 
the farmer or country dealer on 
the other hand. 

It provides the agriculturalist 
with ready money, which in turn 



33 



BOA— BOA 



finds its way through the country 
stores to wholesale merchants in 
great centers of trade, and more 
than any other measure keeps the 
complicated machinery of business 
in harmonious activity. This ready 
money circulates without interrup- 
tion through the arteries of our 
far-reaching commercial and indus- 
trial life, sustaining in a large de- 
gree our wholesale trade in all de- 
partments of business. It brings 
to the knowledge of the grain 
dealer and farmer all facts which 
are essential for them to know, in 
order to arrive at the intrinsic 
value of their grain, as measured 
by the supply, and the whole sup- 
ply; the demand, and the whole 
demand, the world over and the 
year through. At the time of har- 
vest when receipts are inevitably 
larger than the then demand, with- 
out this system the seller would 
be at the mercy of the capitalistic 
buyer. At this juncture, the sys- 
tem of buying and selling for fu- 
ture delivery steps in and says, to 
the monopolist and capitalist, keep 
your hands off and not take ad- 
vantage, to the detriment of the 
producer, or abnormal and excep- 
tional conditions. 

The Board of Trade has no in- 
terests to promote, it simply pros- 
pers and commends itself to the 
public by virtue of the facilities 
which it affords for the economical 
and prompt marketing of grain at 
prices fair to the buyer and to the 
seller. 

It is useful in proportion as it 
subserves the interests of the pub- 
lic. Without prejudice and with- 
out discrimination, it holds the 
scales of justice in the dissemina- 
tion of valuable information with 
an even hand. 

The objects of the Association 
are: To maintain a commercial 
exchange; to promote uniformity 
in the custom and usages of mer- 
chants; to inculcate principles of 
justice and equity in trade; to fa- 
cilitate the speedy adjustment of 
business disputes; to acquire and 
disseminate valuable commercial 
and economic information; and, 



BOA— BOA 



34 



BOA-BOG 



generally, to secure to its members 
the benefits of co-operation in the 
furtherance of their legitimate pur- 
suits. 

Boarding Houses arc the homes 
of a large number of the perma- 
nent as well as transient popula- 
tion of Chicago, and are of as 
many grades as there are ranks in 
society. People living in tene- 
ment houses not infrequently "take 
boarders" in their cramped and 
dirty apartments, and from this 
basis boarding houses rise in size, 
style and price to the superb 
houses in the fashionable avenues, 
where every convenience and lux- 
ury of a first-class hotel may be 
obtained. The boarding houses of 
the laborer and mechanic may be 
passed over, and the next grade 
are the houses occupied by the 
vast army of clerks and salesmen 
and saleswomen employed on small 
salaries all over the city. The 
rates of board in these houses 
range from $5 to $10 a week, ac- 
cording to the location of the house 
and the room occupied. Three 
meals a day — breakfast, dinner and 
supper — are furnished, and the ta- 
ble is the same for all, variations 
in price being based solely upon 
the apartments occupied. Some of 
these houses are not distinguished 
for cleanliness. The traditional 
frowzy and slatternly servant girl 
waits on the door and is omni- 
present at meal time. The meals 
are, as a rule, composed of coarse 
food, poorly cooked and served. 
The stranger who, for economy or 
other reasons may desire to pat- 
ronize one of these houses, will 
find them in great numbers a few 
squares from the business center 
in almost any direction, indicated 
always by a slip of paper pasted 
on the side of the doorway, on 
which is written, "Furnished rooms 
with board." On entering he will 
find in each a parlor of severe as- 
pect and an oppressive air of 
shabby gentility. In almost every 
section of the city there are board- 
ing houses where handsome rooms 
and a good table may be had at 
prices ranging, for one person, from 



$10 to $50 a week or more, the 
price being still graded on the 
room, so that if two persons oc- 
cupy one room the price is materi- 
ally decreased. Strangers or others 
engaging board would do well to 
carefully avoid engaging their 
rooms longer than from week to 
week, as the presence of disagree- 
able people or other contingencies 
frequently make it desirable to 
change, and an arrangement for a 
longer term is almost sure to re- 
sult in trouble. Americans are ex- 
ceptionally fond of hotel life, and 
at all of the hotels there are a 
large number of permanent board- 
ers who obtain a concession of 
from 30 to 50 per cent from the 
rates charged to transient guests. 
Added to the people who live in 
boarding houses and hotels, there 
are many who live in lodgings and 
take their meals at restaurants and 
clubs. Particulars in regard to 
these are given under appropriate 
heads. Persons who live in board- 
ing houses are subject to many 
annoyances from the presence of 
disagreeable co-tenants, and strang- 
ers in the city will do well to make 
it a rule not to make acquaint- 
ances among their neighbors, nor 
to accept invitations to accompany 
them about the city. References 
as to character and responsibility 
are usually given and required in 
the better class of boarding houses, 
but strangers who are unable to 
furnish these, if of respectable ap- 
pearance, are admitted upon pay- 
ment of their board in advance. 
In winter an extra charge of from 
50 cents to $2 is made for fires in 
rooms. Gas is not charged for, 
nor attendance; but it is well to 
have all these things stipulated in 
advance. Many boarding houses 
also take lodgers, the taking of 
meals in the house being optional. 
This, however, is the exception 
and not the rule. 

Bogus Lots. — There are over 
2,000 lots in Cook County l l / 2 feet 
front by 40 feet deep, with a 2-foot 
alley and a 5-foot street. In addi- 
tion to their diminutive size, they 
lie under water about twenty-three 



BOX— BOU 35 

miles from the court-house, and 
six miles from any railroad, in sec- 
tion 19, town 37, range 13, a lo- 
cality where drainage can never 
be successfully accomplished. This 
lot swindle was perpetrated by 
one Scott and his accessories, un- 
der name of "The Boulevard Ad- 
dition to Chicago." This is the 
only downright swindle of the kind 
known in Chicago for years. No 
doubt other dealers have flattered 
themselves that they were cheating 
their customers badly by shoving 
remote and unpromising lots upon 
them, but so rapid has been the 
development of the city and its 
surroundings, by new railroads and 
otherwise, that the buyers of bad 
bargains have, by holding on, come 
out gainers, in spite of their own 
stupidity. 

Bonds of Cook County. — Bonds 
outstanding to date, January 1, 
1909, $8,027,400. The county's credit 
is good for many times that 
amount. 

Boots and Shoes. — The whole- 
sale trade in boots and shoes in 
Chicago is more than twenty per 
cent greater in volume than that 
of any other wholesale market in 
this country. It is the distribut- 
ing point of hundreds of shoe man- 
ufacturing towns and cities east 
and west, and the open stocks, in 
quantity as well, surpass those of 
any other city in the world. 

There are scores of boot and 
shoe manufacturing plants in Chi- 
cago, the combined floor space of 
which exceeds the aggregate of 
any similar establishments east or 
west. The output last year was 
approximately $27,000,000 in value, 
while the sales aggregated more 
than $75,000,000. The sales of 
leather and findings amounted to 
more than $12,000,000. 

Boulevards. — The system of 
boulevards under control of the 
several boards of Park Commis- 
sioners, contemplates a continuous 
driveway of thirty-eight miles 
around the city, taking in the chain 
of parks, from Lincoln on the 
north to Jackson on the south. 



BOU— BOU 

Much of this mileage has been im- 
proved in a substantial manner, and 
Drexel boulevard, especially, has 
been made the scene of a floral 
display along its two miles of road- 
way. The great boulevard lines 
are broadly marked on all maps of 
Chicago, and every eye must have 
become familiar with the outline. 
At the far southwest is Gage Park, 
twenty acres; at the far northwest 
corner is Logan Square, four acres. 
The boulevards on the South Side 
are Grand, Drexel, Oakwood and 
Garfield, under control of the South 
Park Board, whose jurisdiction 
also embraces Michigan avenue 
from Jackson boulevard to Thirty- 
fifth street. On the West Side the 
park boulevards have seventeen 
miles of frontage, from a connec- 
tion on the south with the South 
Side park improvements to the 
north with the Lincoln Park im- 
provements. The authority of the 
West Side Board has also been ex- 
tended over Washington and Jack- 
son streets, west of Halsted street, 
and over portions of Ashland ave- 
nue, Twelfth street and Ogden 
avenue. The Lincoln Park Com- 
missioners are to complete the 
grand boulevard connection by a 
broad thoroughfare westward to 
Logan Square, and it is contem- 
plated to extend their authority 
over some Xorth Side street for a 
direct connection with the center 
of the city, thus completing the 
circuit. All this great achievement 
has been the work of less than 
twenty years. What dreamer shall 
reveal to us the glorious scenes 
which these parks and boulevards 
will present in another twenty 
years, when Chicago, with her vast 
population, will have put them un- 
der the highest improvement and 
best utility? 

Boundaries of Chicago. — 

ON THE NORTH. 

From Lake Michigan southwest 
along Rogers avenue, or Indiana 
boundary line, to Howard street, 
west to North Kedzie avenue, south 
to Devon avenue, west to Milwau- 
kee avenue, northwest to Fulton 



BOU— BOW 

avenue, thence west along section 
lines to Norwood Park avenue. 

ON THE WEST. 

From a point north of Fulton 
avenue extended and Norwood 
Park avenue south along sec- 
tion line to West Devon ave- 
nue, west to Winter street, south 
to Everill avenue, east to sec- 
tion line west of Wilson street, 
south to West Bryn Mawr avenue, 
east to North Sixtieth avenue, 
south to West Irving Park boule- 
vard, west to North Seventy-second 
avenue, south to West North ave- 
nue, east to Austin avenue, south 
to West Twelfth street, east to 
South Forty-sixth avenue, south 
to West Thirty-ninth street, west 
to South Forty-eighth avenue, 
south to West Eighty-seventh 
street, east to South Western ave- 
nue, south to West One Hundred 
and Seventh street, east to South 
Halsted street, south to West One 
Hundred and Eleventh street, west 
to South Peoria street, south to 
West One Hundred and Fifteenth 
street, west to South Ashland ave- 
nue, south to West One Hundred 
and Twenty-third street, east to 
South Halsted street, south to Lit- 
tle Calumet river. 

ON THE SOUTH. 

From Halsted street in an easter- 
ly direction, with slight deviation, 
along the Little Calumet to One 
Hundred and Thirtieth street and 
the Illinois Central Railroad tracks, 
south to the Little Calumet, south- 
east to Indiana avenue, south to 
One Hundred and Thirty-eighth 
street, east to the Indiana state 
line. 

ON THE EAST. 

From One Hundred and Thirty- 
eighth street north along the In- 
diana state line and the shore of 
Lake Michigan to Rogers avenue, 
or Indiana boundary line. 

Bowling Alleys. — Alfred Ander- 
son, 5126 Wentworth avenue. 

A. C. Anson Co., 141 East Madi- 
son street. 

Louis A. Bensinger, 118 Monroe 
street. 

Chas. Browning, 5906 State street. 



36 



BOW— BRE 



N. J. Bruck, 6202 South Halsted 
street. 

Stanley E. Buckett, 893 Fifty- 
first street. 

Co-operative Bowling Assn., 75 
Randolph street. 

Chas. Creighton, 739 Wells street. 

Chas. Kappes, 792 West Lake 
street. 

Kells Bros., West Harrison and 
Forty-fifth avenue. 

Kenwood Bowling Alleys, Bil- 
liard and Pool Hall, 458 East 
Forty-seventh street. 

W. P. Mussey & Co., 160 Madi- 
son street. 

North Chicago Bowling Assn., 
530 Wells street. 

Schindler's Alleys, Milwaukee 
avenue and Huron street. 

Bowling Alleys. — Manufacturers. 
— The Brunswick-Balke-Collender 
Co., office and salesrooms 263 and 
265 Wabash avenue. 

Bowmanville. — In earlier days 
Bowmanville was a small German 
settlement. This is a pleasant ride 
out North Clark street and Lincoln 
avenue. Truck gardening is the 
main industry. 

Breathing Places. — Chicago be- 
lieves in fresh air and has recently 
created a large number of attrac- 
tive small parks in the congested 
residence areas. In the Chicago 
small parks system there are forty- 
one little parks — breathing places — 
and fifteen municipal playgrounds. 
In the great parks system there 
are thirty-five large parks all 
within the city limits. The total 
acreage of the public parks is 2,158. 
Free public baths and bathing 
beaches to the number of thirty- 
five are also maintained. 

Breweries. — There are at present 
forty breweries located in Chicago, 
with an annual output of $16,250,- 
000. The quality of the Chicago 
product is considered the best in 
the world. The competition is so 
great that a concern with an in- 
ferior product could not survive. 
The industry employs thousands of 
men and teams. The product of 
all climes and countries may be 
had in this market. 



BRI— BRI 37 

Bridges. — There are now within 
the city limits sixty-six bridges and 
thirty-four systems of viaducts. 
Fifty-one of the bridges are mova- 
ble and fifteen are fixed spans. 
Twelve of the movable bridges 
(city's) design, one is a Page Bas- 
cule bridge, one a vertical lift 
bridge and the balance swing 
bridges. Twenty-nine of the mov- 
able bridges are operated by elec- 
tricity, one by steam and the rest 
by hand power. 

Bric-a-Brac. — To presume to ad- 
vise professional collectors, or ex- 
perienced amateurs would be worse 
than useless. Whatever they know, 
they have, in almost all cases, 
dearly paid for. The well-informed 
stranger in these matters will find 
a field where he can pick up quite 
a number of antiques and curios 
among the shops scattered through- 
out the city where pawnbrokers' 
unredeemed pledges are sold. If 
one desires to purchase, or simply 
to look, in his sightseeing, at bric- 
a-brac, he will find himself wel- 
come in various establishments, 
where there are on exhibition col- 
lections of great beauty and va- 
riety. 

Bridges Washed Away by Flood. 
—The flood of March 12, 1849, 
caused by the sudden giving away 
of masses of ice in the south branch 
of the river, swept away the bridges 
at Madison, Randolph, Wells and 
Clark streets, causing a damage of 
$15,000 to the city and $93,000 to 
shipping interests. 

Bridewell, or House of Correc- 
tion. — This is practically a prison 
for the incarceration and punish- 
ment of those who violate the city 
ordinances, and for offenders who 
do not deserve a term in the peni- 
tentiary. It is located in the south- 
west portion of the city, or to be 
exact, at South California avenue, 
near West Twenty-third street. 
Take Blue Island avenue cars. Chi- 
cago has no particular reason to be 
proud of this prison, notwithstand- 
ing the fact that it cost to date 
about $1,500,000. It is managed 
by a superintendent, who is ap- 



BRI— BRI 

pointed by the Mayor. Of late 
years, the arrival of prisoners per 
year will average 9,000, of whom 
seven-eighths are male. The pris- 
oners do about $60,000 worth of 
work per year, and the chief in- 
dustries of the place are a huge 
laundry and brick making. The 
county prisoners are also sent here. 
For this service the city receives 
thirty cents per capita, daily. The 
superintendent has succeeded in 
securing 1,300 volumes, the volun- 
tary contribution of the citizens, as 
a nucleus of a library for the benefit 
and instruction of the inmates. 
The younger inmates of both sexes, 
during their stay, also receive a 
daily course of instruction from a 
competent teacher. These new 
features of prison life at this in- 
stitution are calculated to improve 
the mental and moral condition of 
the inmates, and thus, so far as 
circumstances will permit, making 
the institution in deed as well as 
name, a House of Correction. 

Briggs House. — Corner Randolph 
street and Fifth avenue, Chicago. 
European plan. Remodeled and 
refurnished. A complete first class 
hotel with all modern improve- 
ments. Every room has telephone, 
electric lights, steam heat and run- 
ning water. Location very central, 
one block from the City Hall and 
in the midst of all public buildings 
and leading theaters. A first class 
restaurant in connection. 

Brink's City Express. — Brink's 

City Express is the oldest and 

most reliable company transferring 

trunks, packages, etc., throughout 

the city. 

Prices from center to card limits: 

On pkgs. 10 lbs. (when 
delivered at office) .... $0.15 

Call for delivery 20 to $0.25 

One trunk 25 to .50 

One barrel (not to ex- 
ceed in size and weight 
a barrel of flour), each .35 

Sack of potatoes, less 200 
lbs., each 25 

One baby cab 35 to .50 

One barrel sugar, cement, 
salt or sewing machine .50 

Typewriter, 25 cents and 
stand 50 

Barrel or box from height 
(200 lbs. or less, not 
bulky) 50 



BRO— BUC 

Jar butter $0.25 

One barrel or sack, with 

one or two small pkgs. 

(as starch boxes) 50 to $0.75 

One barrel oil or liquor. .50 

One barrel of syrup 75 

Stoves 50 to 1.50 

Down town office, 84 Washington 
street. Telephone, 109 Express. West 
Side office, 132 West Monroe street. 

Brookfield. — Brookfield is 12.3 
miles from Chicago, and has a 
population of 2,000. It is a resi- 
dential suburb, and many business 
men have their homes here as it is 
an out-of-town residence place. 

Bucket Shops is a term applied 
to places outside the Stock Ex- 
change and Board of Trade, where 
stock gambling is carried on in a 
small way, by the aid of the quo- 
tations furnished by the instru- 
ments of the Gold and Stock Tele- 
graph Company. This is gambling 
pure and simple, since not a share 
of stock changes hands, a formal- 
ity carefully preserved in the regu- 
lar exchanges, although it is gen- 
erally understood to be simply an 
ingenious way of "whipping H. S. 
M. around the stump." A large 
blackboard is erected on one wall 
of the bucket shop, and on this 
board are displayed figures of the 
latest quotations of all the princi- 
pal stocks and provisions. Two 
young men are constantly engaged 
in changing these figures in obedi- 
ence to the mandates of a third, 
who sits at the instrument and an- 
nounces the fluctuations. On a 
row of benches and chairs in front 
of the board sits a crowd of men 
and boys, watching with all the 
gambler's eagerness the changing 
quotations. At an office at the end 
of the room stock privileges are 
sold, as small a sum as $5 being 
accepted. When a stock rises or 
falls in price enough to wipe out 
the margin paid, the account is 
closed. On the other hand, the 
speculator presents his privilege 
and collects his money and profit, 
less a small percentage for brok- 
erage. The habitues of these 
rooms are broken down stock brok- 
ers and speculators, and young 
men and boys. Many once wealthy 
men, ruined by stock gambling, 



38 



BUD— BUD 



may be seen, seedily dressed, hur- 
rying about these places, unable to 
resist the fascination of the street, 
and many boys are lured on to ruin 
by venturing their employers' 
money. At one time there were a 
great many of these places in the 
city, but by a concerted action on 
the part of the Board of Trade 
and the recently enacted law, most 
of them have been driven out of 
the business. 

Budget of 1909.— The estimates 
of the twenty-three departments 
for 1909, as compiled by the heads 
of each, are in the following tabu- 
lation: 

Dept. 

Estimate 

1909. 

Mayor's office $ 32,000 

Bureau of transportation. . 3,500 

City clerk 70,790 

City treasurer 55,674 

City collector 84,487 

City prosecutor 52,479 

Small parks 58,563 

Civil service 62,897 

Council 210,000 

Health department 636,102 

Corporation counsel 191,720 

City attorney 199,928 

City comptroller 123,455 

Bureau sewers 619,637 

City Hall operation 192,256 

Building department 128,301 

Election commission 532,738 

Board local improvements. 1,132,284 

Electrical department 1,311,421 

Fire department 3,075,062 

Bureau bridges and har- 
bors 3,181,273 

Bureau streets 3,198,453 

Folice department 6,986,220 



Total $22,239,240 

Does not include water fund. 



Budget Department of 

Expenditures. 
Total, on all accounts and 
total disbursements . . 

Ordinary 

Extraordinary (buildings, 

etc.) 

Revenue Created — Total. 

Licenses, total 

Hospitals 

Undertakers 

Ice dealers 

Milk — stores 

peddlers 

Bakers 

Scavengers — private 

night 

Packers and renderers.. 

Rendering tanks 

Restaurants 

Work shops 

Soap factories 

Tanneries 



Health.- 



$607,159.41 
519,265.60 

87,893.81 

200,559.01 

136,005.00 

4,700.00 

4,160.00 

9,305.00 

24,230.00 

27,220.00 

5,200.00 

785.00 

250.00 

10,800.00 

2,700.00 

25,995.00 

6,300.00 

2,700.00 

1,250.00 



BUI— BUI 

Delicatessen $10,410.00 

Other Fees and Receipts, 

total 42,466.01 

Plumbing plans inspec- 
tion fees 38,091.25 

Plumbers' certificates . . 425.00 

Certified copies of death 

records 2,013.00 

Asst. Undertakers' cer- 
tificates 35.00 

Antitoxin sales 546.75 

Sales condemned calves. 1,355.01 
Fines imposed by Courts 
for Violation of Health 

Laws, total 22,088.00 

For violation of pure food 

laws (milk, etc.) 17,452.75 

For violation of sanitary 

ordinances 4,570.25 

For violation of other 

health ordinances .... 65.00 

Summary. 
Total appropriated for 

health by City Council S35.204.39 

Total expenditures 607,159.41 

Total receipts 200,559.01 

Excess of expenditures over 

receipts 406,600.40 

Per Capita Cost for Health 
Conservation. 
Net (after deducting re- 
ceipts from expendi- 
tures) 18.7c 

Gross (not deducting re- 
ceipts from expendi- 
tures) 28c 

Building Department, City Hall. 

— The Commissioners of Buildings 
is a feed office. The commissioner 
is nominated by the Mayor and 
confirmed by the Board of Alder- 
men. The department supervises 
the erection of new buildings and 
additions to old structures, within 
the city limits. All plans for build- 
ings must be filed with and ap- 
proved by the Building Depart- 
ment before a permit is granted. 
It also inspects the condition of 
buildings with reference to their 
safety, and has the power to order 
down or repaired all dangerous 
buildings, and to see that proper 
means of escape from buildings, in 
case of fire, are provided. Chicago 
is now settling down, so to speak, 
in its building operations, and the 
mushroom growths of former days 
have been succeeded by more sub- 
stantial work, even if not so speedy. 

Building and Loan Associations. 
— There are 167 associations in 
Chicago. Total assets, $14,157,- 
766.46. Loans to stockholders, $12,- 
342,362.69. The gain in assets is 
about 7 per cent per annum. 



39 



BUI— BUS 



Building the City. — The follow- 
ing table shows the building op- 
erations in Chicago during the last 
ten years: 

No. Feet 

buildings, frontage. Cost. 

1908 10,649 289,692 $62,927,220 

1907 9,545 261,645 58,846,480 

1906 .10,488 280,587 65,432,680 

1905 8,660 249,026 63,830,700 

1904 7,132 202,524 44,602,340 

1903 6,229 180,219 32,645,025 

1902 6,013 192,056 48,455,850 

1901 6,052 170,044 35,532,450 

1900 3,510 98,975 18,893,850 

1899 3,792 112,239 20,856,570 

1898 4,066 133,604 21,231,225 

Bureau of Charities. — Room 401, 
158 Adams street, Rand McNally 
Building. This is one of the prin- 
cipal charitable organizations in 
Chicago. It provides material re- 
lief in emergency cases. It stands 
for intelligent co-operation among 
all charitable agencies of the city, 
and maintains working relation 
with settlements, churches, schools 
and other organizations. It has ten 
district offices in order to reach all 
parts of the city promptly. 

Business Laws. — Principals are 
responsible for the acts of their 
agents. 

Contracts made on Sunday can 
not be enforced. Written contracts 
concerning land must be under seal. 

Notes do not bear interest unless 
it is so stated. 

If a note is lost or stolen, the 
maker is not released if the consid- 
eration and amount can be proved. 

Demand notes are payable when 
presented, without grace, and bear 
legal interest after a demand, if not 
so written. 

An endorser on a demand note 
can be held only for a limited time, 
variable in different states. 

To be negotiable a note must 
either be made payable to bearer 
or be properly endorsed by the per- 
son to whose order it is made. 

If the endorser desires to avoid 
responsibility, he can endorse 
"without recourse." 

Notes becoming due on Sunday 
or a legal holiday are, as a rule. 
payable on the day following. 

A note made on Sunday, or one 
dated ahead of its issue, is void, 
but it may be dated back. 



CAB— CAL 

If a note is altered in any way 
by the holder it becomes void. 

A note made by a minor is void 
in some states and is voidable on 
judicial decision in others. 

A contract with a minor or a 
lunatic is void. 

If a note is not paid when due, 
the endorsers, if any, should be 
legally notified to be holden. 

A note obtained by fraud or given 
by an intoxicated person cannot be 
collected. 

It is a fraud to conceal a fraud. 

Signatures with a lead pencil are 
good in law. 

The acts of one partner binds 
the others. 

Cable Rates from Chicago. — Cost 
per word of sending messages to 
the places named. Rates are sub- 
ject to change: 



40 



CAL— CAL 



tieth street. Here is a wealthy 
club, whose membership includes 
prominent men of all careers, but 
mostly business men. The main 
dining hall has a capacity for seat- 
ing 300 guests at table at one time; 
besides, there are three private 
dining rooms, which can be thrown 
into one grand salon, if occasion 
required. 

Calvary Cemetery. — The burial 
place for the dead of Catholic faith 
contains some hundred acres of 
beautiful ground on the Lake Shore 
north of the city about ten miles, 
and is reached by the Chicago 
& North-Western Railway. The 
grounds are beautifully improved. 
There are many very handsome 
monuments denoting the resting 
place of former residents of Chi- 
cago, and the plats of ground sur- 



EUROPE. 



Austria $0.38 

Belgium 31 

Bulgaria 41 

Corsica 31 

Denmark 41 

England 31 

France 31 

Germany 31 

Gibraltar ... .49 

Greece 42 

Holland 31 

Hungary 38 

Ireland 31 

Italy 37 

Luxemburg . . .36 



Montenegro ..$0.42 

Norway 41 

Portugal 45 

Roumania . . . .40 

Russia in Eu- 
rope 49 

Russia in Asia 
56c to 

Sardinia .... 

Scotland .... 

Servia 

Spain 

Sweden 

Switzerland . . 

Turkey 

Wales 



CENTRAL AMERICA. 



Costa Rica. . .$0.75 

Guatemala — 

San Jose. . . .50 
Other offices .55 

Honduras 65 



Nicaragua — 
San Juan del 

Sur $0.70 

Other offices .75 

Salvador — La 

Libertad . . .60 
Other offices .65 



WEST INDIES. 



Antigua $0.81 

Barbados 91 

Cuba — Havana .15 



All others. . 
Haiti — Cape 
Haitien .... 
Moles St. 

Nicholas . 
Port a u 

Prince .... 



.20 

1.05 



1.05 
1.05 



Other offices 1.55 



Jamaica $0.48 

Martinique . . 1.00 
Porto Rico. . . .75 

St. Croix 1.02 

St. Lucia 85 

St. Thomas.. . .96 
St. Vincent. . . .86 
Santo Domin- 
go 1.32 

Trinidad 98 



SOUTH 
Argentine Re- 
public $1.00 

Bolivia 1.25 

Brazil 1.00 

Chile 1.25 

Dutch Guiana 1.38 

Ecuador 1.25 

French Guiana 1.38 

Paraguay 1.00 

Peru 1.25 



AMERICA. 

United States 
of Colombia — 
Buenave'ra. $1.09 
Colon (As- 
pinwall) . . 
Panama . . . 
Other offices 

Uruguay .... 

Venezuela . . . 
$1.50 to 

Caracas 



.97 

.97 

1.14 

1.00 

1.60 
1.50 



ASIA AND AUSTRALIA. 



Australia — New 
So. Wales. .$0.63 
Queensland. .63 
Victoria . . . 1.49 
Rest of Aus- 
tralia ... .63 
Borneo .$1.17 

to 1.25 

Burma 92 

Ceylon 82 

China 1.24 

Cochin China. 1.39 



Formosa $1.82 

India 1.31 

Japan 1.82 

Java 1.29 

Malay penin- 
sula 1.17 

New Caledonia 1.72 
New Zealand. 1.58 
Persia .68c to 1.19 
Philippine isls 1.72 
Singapore ... 1.17 
Sumatra .... 1.39 



AFRICA. 



Algeria $0.38 

Benguela 2.80 

British East 
Africa 1.13 



Cape Colony . 


.92 


Delago Bay. . . 


.94 


Egypt . .56 to 


.66 


German East 




Africa 


1.09 


Kameruns . . . 


2.03 


Morocco 


.46 



Morocco, Tan- 
gier $0.51 

Mozambique . .94 

Natal 1.05 

Orange River 

Colony 1.05 

Sierra Leone. 1.41 
Transvaal ... .92 

Tripoli 57 

Tunis 38 

Zanzibar 

92c to 2.03 



Calumet Club owns the building 
they occupy, which is on the cor- 
ner of Michigan avenue and Twen- 



rounding them are kept in a high 
state of cultivation. There is a 
large green-house in connection 



CAN— CAN 

with the cemetery. This burying- 
ground was consecrated in 1861. 
The interments have exceeded 35,- 
000. Trains leave the Wells street 
depot daily for the cemetery. 

Each individual in a partnership 
is responsible for all the debts of 
the firm except in the case of a 
special partnership. 

The word "limited'' in connection 
with firm names indicates a limita- 
tion of responsibility for each mem- 
ber. 

An agreement without considera- 
tion of value is void. 

"Value received" should be writ- 
ten in a note, but it is not neces- 
sary. When not written, it is pre- 
sumed by law or may be shown by 
proof. 

A consideration is not sufficient 
in law if it is illegal in its nature. 

An endorser of a note is exempt 
from liability if not served with a 
notice of its dishonor within 24 
hours of its non-payment. 

If a letter containing notice of 
protest of non-payment be put into 
the postoffice, any miscarriage does 
not affect the party giving notice. 

Notice of protest may be sent 
either to the place of business or 
residence of the party notified. 

A receipt for money is not legal- 
ly conclusive. 

Canal Bridges. — All the bridges 
across the Sanitary and Ship Canal 
are movable structures. There are 
six bridges for public highways, 
one having double roadways. 
There are seven railway bridges, 
one being an eight-track rolling- 
lift structure, with a channel span 
of 120 feet; one a four-track swing 
bridge and the other double-track 
structures. These bridges are of 
the very latest design, and the en- 
tire weight of the iron and steel 
used in their construction was 22,- 
678,000 pounds. Every bridge is 
capitalized in a sufficient amount 
to provide for necessary repairs, 
besides creating a fund to replace 
the structure when it has become 
no longer safe or useful. 

They will be equipped with op- 
erating machinery, and will then 



41 CAN— CAN 

go into service as movable 
bridges, making the channel a free 
waterway, navigable for any craft 
drawing less than twenty-two feet 
of water. 

Canal Controlling Works. — At 

Lockport is a windage basin, in 
which large vessels may be turned 
around, and controlling works, the 
latter with seven metal sluice gates 
and one bear-trap dam. The sluice 
gates have a vertical play of twen- 
ty feet and openings of thirty feet 
each. The bear-trap dam has an 
opening of 160 feet and an oscilla- 
tion of seventeen feet vertically. 
The controlling works are operated 
by admitting water through con- 
duits controlled by a valve. Sev- 
eral tests have been made both of 
the sluice gates and the bear-trap 
dam, since the canal was opened, 
and in each instance they have 
worked satisfactorily. The bear- 
trap dam is the greatest triumph 
of engineering genius that has ever 
been achieved in this or any other 
country. 

Canal Facts Briefly Told.— The 

Sanitary District of Chicago is or- 
ganized under the general law. Its 
first board of trustees was elected 
December 12, 1889. 

Its primary object was to furnish 
Chicago with a pure water supply. 

It reversed the flow of the Chi- 
cago River from the lake to the 
Desplaines River by cutting 
through the divide between them. 

It constructed a ship canal vary- 
ing from 160 to 206 feet in width 
and 22 feet in depth. 

It has connected Lake Michigan 
at Chicago with the Desplaines 
River at Joliet, 111. 

It has expended for the construc- 
tion work $34,000,000. 

It has built bridges and widened 
and deepened the Chicago River 
and South Branch, at an expense 
of over $10,000,000. _ 

It has expended in toto, includ- 
ing construction, river improve- 
ment, power plant and administra- 
tion over $58,000,000 to date. 

It has thus, at great expense. 
created a ship waterway that will 



CAN— CAX 

eventually be extended to the Mis- 
sissippi River and the Gulf of Mex- 
ico, a distance of 1,(525 miles. 

This waterway is paralleled by 
the Chicago & Alton Railway, and 
the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe 
Railway, and part way by the Chi- 
cago & Illinois Western Railroad. 

It is crossed at convenient in- 
tervals by four railways, namely: 
The Chicago & Western Indiana 
Railroad, Chicago Terminal Trans- 
fer Railroad, Chicago Junction 
Railway, and the Elgin, Joliet & 
Eastern Railway. 

It has built, three miles north of 
Joliet, at a cost of $4,000,000, a 
waterpower plant capable of an 
electrical development of 32,000- 
horsepower. 

Work on the Sanitary and Ship 
Canal was started September 3, 
1892, and on January 2, 1900, water 
was turned in. The canal filled in 
thirteen days. The canal begins at 
the west fork of the south branch 
of the Chicago River at Robey 
street, and is completed 28.05 miles 
to Lockport. Its minimum depth 
is twenty-two feet. The channel is 
cut partly through glacial drift and 
partly through rock. From Robey 
street to Summit, about eight 
miles, the channel is 110 feet at 
bottom and 198 feet at water line. 
From Summit to Willow Springs, 
about five miles, the channel is 
through earth and hard mixture. 
This section is 202 feet at bottom 
and 290 feet at water line. From 
Willow Springs to Lockport, fif- 
teen miles, the channel is through 
rock, 160 feet at bottom and 162 
feet at water line. The depth of 
the rock cutting in this section 
averages thirty-five feet. The chan- 
nel's grade is 1^ inches to the 
mile through earth sections and 
3^4 inches through the rock sec- 
tions. At Robey street the channel 
bottom is 24.448 feet below Chi- 
cago datum; at Lockport 30.1 feet. 
Chicago datum is 579.63 feet above 
mean tide at New York, and 578.56 
feet above mean tide at Biloxi, 
Miss., on the Gulf of Mexico. 

The total amount of excavation 
included 28,500,000 cubic yards of 



42 CAN-CAN 

glacial drift and 12,910,000 cubic 
yards of solid rock, or an aggre- 
gate of 41,410,000 cubic yards. One 
of the most interesting features of 
the work of construction was the 
diversion of the Desplaines River. 
As the plans provided that the 
channel should follow the bed of 
the river, it became necessary to 
excavate a new channel for the 
Desplaines about thirteen miles in 
length. 

The material excavated from the 
river diversion included 1,810,000 
cubic yards of glacial drift and 
258,659 cubic yards of solid rock, 
making a total of 2,068,659. Add- 
ing this to the excavation from the 
main channel gives a grand total 
of 43,478,659 cubic yards of ma- 
terial which was excavated. The 
whole volume of spoil (earth and 
rock) if deposited in Lake Michi- 
gan in forty feet of water would 
make an island one mile square, 
with its surface twelve feet above 
the water line. 

It is no exaggeration to say that 
the Chicago Sanitary and Ship 
Canal is one of the greatest arti- 
ficial waterways ever constructed. 
Other canals may have cost more, 
and they may exceed this in depth, 
but this canal has a greater cross 
section than any other. None pre- 
sented half the difficulties which 
were encountered and overcome in 
this undertaking, but to this work 
neither the general government nor 
the State of Illinois has yet con- 
tributed a single dollar. 

Can Recover Gambling Loss.— 
Money lost at gambling in stocks 
can be recovered in the courts of 
Illinois. This is the effect of a 
decision given in the Supreme 
Court. 

"We are of opinion," says the 
Supreme Court, "that section 132 
of the criminal code was not de- 
signed to convert a court of equity 
into a tribunal in which losses and 
gains growing out of violation of 
the criminal law r s of the state by 
gambling could be balanced and 
adjusted and recovery had for the 
balance found to be due the win- 
ning party, or by virtue of which 



CAR— CAR 



43 



CAT— CAX 



the winning party could, by cross 
bill, enforce payment of a gambling 
debt by enforcing the same as a 
lien upon the property placed in 
the hands of winners. But we be- 
lieve the object of the statute was 
to afford a speedy remedy whereby 
the winner could be required to re- 
turn to the loser the property 
which he had received as the fruits 
of a gambling transaction. 

Care of the Extremities. — Med- 
ical men tell us that thousands of 
people die every year for no other 
reason than they neglect to take 
proper care of their arms, lower 
limbs and feet. 

Improper clothing of the ex- 
tremities generally means colds, 
sore throat, pleurisy, pneumonia, 
inflammation of the stomach and 
bowels, or any one of many other 
serious ailments. 

Children, too, are often shame- 
fully neglected in the matter of 
sufficient clothing or covering for 
the legs and feet. Heavy stock- 
ings and good shoes are cheaper 
than are doctors and undertakers. 

Care of the Eyes. — The preser- 
vation of the sight is of the utmost 
importance. We recommend espe- 
cially the following rules: 

1. Avoid sudden changes from 
dark to brilliant light. 

2. Avoid the use of stimulants 
and drugs which affect the nervous 
system. 

3. Avoid reading when lying 
down, or when mentally and phys- 
ically exhausted. 

4. When the eyes feel tired rest 
them by looking at objects at a 
long distance. 

5. Pay especial attention to the 
hygiene of the body, for that which 
tends to promote the general health 
acts beneficially upon the eye. 

6. Up to forty years of age, 
bathe the eyes twice daily in cold 
water. 

7. After fifty bathe the eyes 
morning and evening with water 
as hot as you can bear it; follow 
this with cold water; that will 
make them glow with warmth. 

8. Old persons should avoid read- 



ing much by artificial light, be 
guarded as to diet, and avoid sit- 
ting up late at night. 

9. Do not depend on your own 
judgment in selecting spectables. 

10. Do not give up in despair 
when you are informed that a cata- 
ract is developing; remember that 
in these days of advancing surgery 
it can be removed with little dan- 
ger to the vision. 

Caterers. — There is no form of 
catering to which the Chicago ca- 
terers are strangers. Every detail 
connected with the function which 
is to be subserved is attended to 
by specialists in their lines. The 
menu is provided by skilled chefs 
and the service is of the highest 
quality. In this regard the Chi- 
cago caterers rank second to none 
in this country or Europe. 

Cathedral of the Holy Name. — 
This, one of the most substantially 
built of all the Roman Catholic 
churches in Chicago, is located on 
the corner of Superior and North 
State streets. It is built of stone 
after the plan best suited to such 
structures; planned for the needs 
of a live, earnest-working congrega- 
tion. It has been recently reno- 
vated, and its interior re-decorated 
with all those adjuncts to harmo- 
nious thought, and pious contem- 
plation, for which this denomina- 
tion is famous all over the world. 
There is at present no church in- 
terior in the city which is so soul- 
inspiring to the devout worshiper, 
or that suggests so forcibly to the 
seeker the glories of the heavenly 
home he desires, as the Cathedral 
of the Holy Name. 

Caxton is a twelve-story build- 
ing at 356 Dearborn street. The 
lot on which it stands has a front- 
age of eighty feet on Dearborn 
street, and a depth of sixty-seven, 
running back to Fourth avenue. 
This is of steel construction with 
brick walls. On the front are two 
tiers of bay windows, each eqi- 
distant from the north and south 
ends of the building. The build- 
ing, which was completed in May, 
1890, cost about $225,000. 




CATHEDRAL OF THE HOLY NAME, 
Corner State and Superior Streets, Chicago. 



(44) 



CEM— CEM 45 

Cement Construction. — Statistics 
on production of cement tell a 
story of astonishing development. 
An increase from about 32,000,000 
barrels in 1904 to 52,000,000 in 
1907 is recorded. An output val- 
ued at $26,000,000 in 1904 has been 
succeeded by one worth $55,000,000 
three years later. 

A study of the future harbor 
needs of Chicago has called atten- 
tion to the rapid growth of the 
cement industry in the west. Illi- 
nois, Indiana and Missouri sup- 
plied a quarter of the total produc- 
tion of 1906; Michigan and Kan- 
sas added nearly 7,000,000 barrels 
to the same year's output; Col- 
orado and California are prominent 
in the far west. 

The steady decline of the ship- 
ments of lumber to this city by 
lake is due to the rapid disappear- 
ance of tracts of timber, once a 
potent factor in production of 
wealth. Contemporaneous with 
this loss of lumber as an element 
in construction, the cement indus- 
try is moving forward by leaps 
and bounds. 

The enormous fire losses in the 
country have alarmed every one. 
In Chicago alone during ten years 
past they have averaged more than 
$3,000,000 annually. In the whole 
of the United States the losses are 
tremendous. The need of better 
construction is clearly apparent. 

Cemeteries. — The cemeteries of 
Chicago will compare favorably 
with those of any of the older 
cities. There are many attractive 
views in these quiet Cities of the 
Silent, and there is much in the 
way of sculpture. The early places, 
say up to 1843, have been aban- 
doned, and the deposits all removed 
to the newer and present grounds 
provided by the several cemetery 
associations of the city. The cem- 
eteries are mentioned under their 
proper names, which see. They 
are: 

Cemeteries. 

Altenheim, 64th St., east of Con- 
cordia Cemetery. 

Arlington, West Lake St. and Ar- 
lington Ave., 6 miles west of city. 



CEM— CEM 

Austro-Hungarian Benevolent, at 
Waldheim, Madison St. electric. 

B'Nai Sholom, south of Waldheim, 
Madison St. electric. 

Bethonia, Archer Ave. and 39th St. 

Bohemian National, North 40th and 
West Forest Aves., Lawrence Ave. 
car. 

Brookside Cemetery, East Elm- 
hurst, 9 miles west of city limits. 

Calvary, 10 miles north of city; 
C. & N. W. R. R., Evanston car line 
and C, M. & St. P. R. R. 

Catholic Cemetery, 12 miles south 
of the city; C. & G. T. R. R. 

Cemetery of the North Chicago He- 
brew Cong., Rosehill. 

Chebra, Gimilath, North Clark St., 
south of Graceland Ave. 

Concordia, 5 miles weet of city 
limits on Madison St. electric. 

Congregation Ohava Sholom Mari- 
ampol, at Oakwoods. 

Congregation Ohava Sholom Ard 
Beth Hamedrash Hochodash, at Wald- 
heim. 

Crown Hill, 14 miles from city; 
N. W. Ry. and electric. • 

Eden, Irving Park Blvd., near 
Franklin Park. 

Elmwood, Grand Ave., southeast 
corner Beach Ave. 

Forest Home, Oak Park, 3% miles 
west of city limits; Madison St. elec- 
tric. 

Free Sons of Israel, Desplaines 
Ave. and 16th St. 

German LufrTeran, North Clark, 
southeast corner Graceland; C, M. & 
St. P. R. R. and North Clark St. elec- 
tric. 

Graceland, North Clark, northeast 
corner Graceland, 5 miles north of 
City Hall; C, M. & St. P. R. R. and 
North Clark St. electric. 

Hebrew Benevolent Society, North 
Clark St., south of Graceland Ave. 

Jewish, 16th and Desplaines Ave. 

Montrose, North 40th Ave. and Bryn 
Mawr Ave. 

Mount Carmel, Hillside Station. 

Mount Greenwood, G. T. Ry. and 
111th St.; Chicago electric Traction 
Co. 

Mount Hope, West 115th St., be- 
tween Western and California Aves.; 
Grand Trunk Ry. and Chicago Elec- 
tric Traction Co. 

Mount Mayriv, North 64th Ave., 
near Irving Park Blvd. 

Mount Olive, North 64th Ave., C. 
M. & St. P. R. R., 9 miles North 
Clark St. 

Mount Olivet, y 2 mile west of Mor- 
gan Park; Grand Trunk Ry., Chicago 
Electric Traction Co. 

Oak Hill, South Kedzie and 119th 
St. 

Oakridge, 12 miles west of City 
Hall, 12th and Oakridge. 

Oakwoods, 67th and Cottage Grove 
Ave; I. C. R. R. and Cottage Grove 
electric. 

Ridgelawn, North 40th Ave., cor- 
ner West Peterson Ave. 

Rosehill, 7 miles on Milwaukee dl- 



CHA-CHA 

vision C. & N. W. R. R.; also Lin- 
coln Ave. electric. 

St. Bonlfacius, North Clark St., 
corner Lawrence Ave.; North Clark 
o+* f^lpptrif* 

St. Casimar, 111th St. and North 
40th Ave. 

St. Henry, 3327 to 3347 Ridge Ave. 

St. Maria, S7th and Grand Trunk 
R. R. 

St. Joseph's German Catholic, 
Grand Ave. and the oesplaines River, 
Glendon Park station on the C, M. 
& St. P. R. R. 

St. Lucas, 3317 North 40th Ave. 

Union Ridge, Sanford St., south of 
West Bryn Mawr Ave., Norwood 
Park. 

"Waldheim, 3 miles west of city 
limits; Madison St. electric. 

Chamber of Commerce Build- 
ing. — The thirteen - story high 
Chamber of Commerce Building on 
La Salle and Washington streets 
was completed in January, 1891. 
Its total cost was $2,000,000. The 
building is notable for its mag- 
nificent interior court, reaching 
from the main floor to the skylight. 
Around the court are the galleries 
upon which the offices open. The 
interior is finished in marble and 
iron work of ornamental design. 
Nine passenger and freight eleva- 
tors are provided and kept con- 
stantly busy with the thousand or 
more tenants. Brick, stone of a 
light color, iron, and steel were 
used in the construction of this 
magnificent structure. The site is 
historical as that of the old Cham- 
ber of Commerce Building, so long 
occupied by the Board of Trade. 
It is immediately opposite the City 
Hall and Court House. This trio 
of buildings form a massive, grand 
and imposing scene that is hard to 
equal in any city. 

Change of Street Names. — Olive 
street changed to Hollywood ave- 
nue, between Southport avenue and 
Wayne avenue. 

Wilcox avenue changed to Ad- 
ams street, between Fifty-second 
avenue and Central avenue. 

Adams street changed to Quincy 
street, between Forty-eighth ave- 
nue and Central avenue. 

McCallum street changed to Cor- 
tez street, between Central avenue 
and Willow avenue. 

Dunning street changed to 
Greenwood terrace. 



40 



CHA-CHA 



Charity "Fakes." — Unvarnished 
charity "fakes" and pseudo-charity 
movements which in past years 
have drawn thousands of dollars 
from the pockets of generous but 
careless Chicago donors to the det- 
riment of reputable charities have 
a new enemy. 

"There are so many charity 
'fakes' and pseudo charities in Chi- 
cago, just as there are in every 
large city, that many generous 
donors are victimized every year, 
and thousands of dollars are di- 
verted from reputable charity or- 
ganizations. If such a committee 
as is proposed could be formed as 
a body of reference and indorse- 
ment, no charity could solicit funds 
without its approval." 

Charity Organizations. — Ameri- 
can National Red Cross Society 
(Illinois branch), 135 Adams street. 

Associated Jewish Charities of 
Chicago, 1328, 108 La Salle street. 

Austro - Hungarian Benevolent 
Association, 1626, 164 Dearborn 
street. 

Chicago Bureau of Charities, 401, 
160 Adams street. 

Chicago Daily News Fresh-Air 
Fund, Sanitarium, Lincoln Park, 
foot of Fullerton avenue; Daily 
News office, 123 Fifth avenue. 

Chicago Relief and Aid Society, 
51 and 53 La Salle street. 

Children's Hospital Society, 625, 
79 Dearborn street. 

Hungarian Charity Society of 
Chicago, 1341, 79 Dearborn street. 

Illinois Children's Home and Aid 
Society, 601, 79 Dearborn street. 

Society Francaise de Bienfais- 
ance de l'lllinois, 1534 Wabash 
avenue. 

Society Francaise de Secours 
Mutuels, 199 South Throop street. 

United Hebrew Charities, 223 
Twenty-sixth street. 

Visitation and Aid Society, 628, 
79 Dearborn street. 

Woman's Benevolent Associa- 
tion of Chicago, 9138 Commercial 
avenue. 

Young Men's Associated Jewish 
Charities, 1530, 143 Dearborn street. 



CHE— CHI 

Cheltenham Beach. — Is a water- 
ing place, twelve miles south, with 
hotel accommodations, where many 
spend their time during hot months. 

Chesterton. — Chesterton is a 
small town in Indiana and is 41 
miles from Chicago, it has a popu- 
lation of 788. At Porter, near 
Chester, are mineral springs, which 
are equal in medicinal properties to 
those at French Lick. Plans are 
under way for a sanitarium at this 
point. Chesterton occupies the 
first high land along the Lake 
Front east of Chicago. 

Chicago Association of Com- 
merce. — The objects and purposes 
for which this Association is 
formed are to advance the com- 
merce, industry and public inter- 
ests of Chicago, it being expressly 
understood that under no circum- 
stances shall the policy or attitude 
of this Association be partisan or 
political. 

The Association has a member- 
ship of 3,000, all enterprising busi- 
ness men of Chicago. 

The Chicago Association of 
Commerce works through a board 
of directors, fifteen standing com- 
mittees, and special committees, 
resorting to the last as emergency 
service may require. 

In no other public place, save in 
the great mass meetings of the 
Association, can a member re- 
motely in touch with Association 
work so quickly and with so much 
enthusiasm come to understand 
the Association's aims and policies. 

This committee touches and re- 
flects all commercial, industrial and 
professional interests through its 
constituent parts, these numbering 
more than sixty trade subdivisions. 

The Association has projected a 
great central association head- 
quarters building, and is now in 
process of choosing the right site 
among many locations submitted. 
Now located at 77 Jackson boule- 
vard. 

Chicago Athletic Association.— 

This year, 1909, marks the nine- 
teenth anniversary of the club's ex- 



47 



CHI— CHI 



istence in Chicago. The beautiful, 
perfectly equipped and commodious 
building is located at 125 Michigan 
avenue. The club is made up of 
3,000 representative business and 
professional men of Chicago and 
vicinity. This in itself is a fine 
tribute to the popularity of Chi- 
cago's famous athletic club. 

Chicago Beach Hotel. — One of 

Chicago's very finest hotels. Lo- 
cated at Fifty-first boulevard and 
Lake Michigan. It has 450 outside 
rooms and 220 bath rooms. Fur- 
nished throughout in solid ma- 
hogany. Only ten minutes' ride to 
Van Buren street by Illinois Cen- 
tral Rapid Transit. Equally de- 
sirable in summer or winter. 
American and European plan. 

Chicago City Railway Company. 

— Only artificial barriers and legal 
fictions distinguish the manager of 
a street railway company from a 
public officer. Both deal with the 
public, both are charged with pub- 
lic duties and both are responsible 
to the public for their steward- 
ship. Their rewards and punish- 
ments are similar, and there is no 
essential difference between the 
conditions which make for their 
success or point their failure. 

The management of the Chicago 
City Railway Company conceives 
its function to be that of a trustee 
for private interests, transacting 
the business of a public ofhce. The 
company, recognizing that good 
service involves reciprocal duties 
and obligations as between itself 
and the general public, earnestly 
solicits the active co-operation of 
every citizen who believes in Chi- 
cago and who takes pride in its 
public works. 

There is no duty which the Chi- 
cago City Railway Company is re- 
quired to discharge that is incom- 
patible or inconsistent with the 
public good. Financially, the com- 
pany is no more interested in col- 
lecting nickels from its patrons 
than is the City of Chicago in col- 
lecting taxes, licenses, fees and 
fines. Likewise, the company is as 
much interested in preventing ac- 



CHI— CHI 



48 



CHI-CHI 



cidents on its car lines as is the 
City of Chicago in preventing ac- 
cidents on its bridges, its streets, 
and its sidewalks. A defective car 
equipment and a broken sidewalk 
are liabilities of the same denomi- 
nation. One means loss to the 
company, and the other loss to the 
city. A charge that street railway 
companies extract profits from a 
dangerous rail or a careless motor- 
man has no more basis in fact than 
a stricture on city officials for wil- 
ful neglect of sidewalk repairs be- 
cause of pecuniary profit to the 
municipality. 

The assets and liabilities of the 
company are the assets and liabili- 
ties of the city, and it is for this 
reason that the management of the 
company solicits the co-operation 
which inevitably will increase the 
assets and reduce the liabilities of 
both principals. 

Taxpayers who would complain 
of inadequate water supply could 
be relied upon to give prompt aid 
to such public authorities as might 
be engaged in improving it; the 
injunction to "boil the water" is 
not an indictment of Lake Michi- 
gan as a source of water supply; 
the abuse of fire works or firearms 
arouses protest, but it inspires good 
citizens to co-operate with the 
municipality in the adoption of 
corrective measures. Each situa- 
tion demands earnest co-operation 
on the part of all persons whose 
interest and assistance spell relief. 

The Chicago City Railway Com- 
pany does not seek immunity from 
criticism, nor does it chafe under 
reasonable or contractual munici- 
pal restraints; it mearly asks the 
public to consider its cars in the 
same general category with side- 
walks, streets, bridges, sewers, 
waterworks, the city fire, police 
and health departments, and, in 
short, all other public works and 
agencies whose chief function is 
public service. 

Rapid transit in a great city cov- 
ering 190 square miles is a munici- 
pal necessity. The difference be- 
tween bad service and the best 
service is the difference between 



bad management without co- 
operation and good management 
with it. First class service en- 
hances the value of real estate, in- 
creases the credit of the city as a 
municipal corporation, facilitates 
business and expands the volume 
of trade; it enables the employe in 
the mill, the factory, the office and 
on the street to go to and from 
his place of employment punctu- 
ally, speedily, safely and with com- 
fort. No city can progress whose 
inhabitants, before starting down 
town, contemplate the journey as 
men going to war. Mental com- 
posure at the beginning of a day's 
work in a city where competition 
is keen and analysis close is a 
municipal as well as a personal 
asset. 

There is under construction in 
Chicago the best street railway sys- 
tem in the world. The contractor 
is a partnership. The partners are 
the Chicago City Railway Com- 
pany and the City of Chicago. 
Under its ordinance of February 
11, 1907, the partnership has con- 
structed or reconstructed more 
than 100 miles of single track; it 
has added to its equipment new 
cars, car houses, electrical substa- 
tions and machinery; it has vastly 
improved and proposes still further 
to improve its service. Will you 
help? 

"Good service is the best policy." 

Chicago Club. — Own the building 
they occupy, which is located at 
200 Michigan boulevard, corner of 
Van Buren street. The interior is 
elegantly designed, superbly fur- 
nished, and is the social resort of 
its wealthy and fashionable mem- 
bers. 

Chicago Commons. — Grand ave- 
ave, Southeast Corner Morgan 
street. Grand avenue car at State 
and Randolph street. The aims of 
the Chicago Commons are the pro- 
motion of co-operation within the 
neighborhood and among others 
who meet on common grounds for 
fellowship, to bring students into 
first-hand contact with life; co- 
operative relations with universities 



CHI— CHI 



49 



CHI— CHI 



and professional schools; adjust- 
ment of differences and betterment 
of relations between employers and 
employes. 

The Chicago Commons was 
opened by Graham Taylor, May, 
1894, in an old residence, and 
through the co-operation of the 
neighbors and friends the settle- 
ment has grown until it required a 
larger building, which now houses 
its many clubs, classes and twenty- 
five residents. 

Chicago Conservatory. — The Chi- 
cago Conservatory, one of the old- 
est, best known and most success- 
ful of American institutions of 
musical learning, was founded in 
1866, by the late Robert Goldbeck, 
whose name stands high upon the 
roll of fame and is known where- 
ever music exists. For several 
years the Conservatory was main- 
tained in a simple, quiet way as to 
outward appearance, but upon the 
highest plane of art in its educa- 
tional endeavor. It grew steadily 
with the growth of the city and 
was a strong factor in the develop- 
ment of the love for musical art 
in the country. At the time of the 
great fire, the Conservatory was 
occupying a modest place on 
Washington street at the corner of 
Wabash avenue and was associated 
with the Dearborn Seminary, at 
that time the leading school of the 
city. After the fire the rapid 
growth of the Conservatory de- 
manded more room. Spacious 
quarters were secured in the 
Reaper Block, one of the promi- 
nent buildings of the city, where it 
remained until the completion of 
the Auditorium in 1889. An entire 
floor in that world-renowned edi- 
fice was especially prepared for the 
use of the Conservatory, and it has 
since remained in the building, in- 
creasing in fame and efficiency and 
broadening its sphere of influence 
until it now stands easily at the 
head of all our schools of music 
where artistic standards are con- 
sidered. 

Chicago Doomed. — After the 
great fire of 1871, there were many 



tears wasted over the fate of Chi- 
cago. This, from the oldest and 
most influential of the New Or- 
leans papers, is a specimen of the 
copious draughts. After assuring 
its readers that a large portion of 
the population of Chicago had "de- 
serted," and that the merchants, 
such of them as had anything left 
to transfer, were "transferring their 
business to St. Louis," it added: 
"No doubt the people of Chicago 
will struggle earnestly aganst their 
adverse fate, and that a new city 
will arise speedily from the ashes 
of the old one; but it will never be 
the Carthage of old. Its prestige 
has passed away like that of a man 
who turns the downward hill of 
life; its glory will be of the past, 
not of the present; while its hopes, 
once so bright and cloudless, will 
be blasted." Yes, it all came to 
pass just as predicted by the pa- 
pers of the staid old cities — nit. 
Come and look at the ashes and 
weep again. 

Chicago Drainage Canal. — Sani- 
tary district organized in 1890; 
work on the canal began Sept. 3, 
1892; formal opening of canal Jan. 
17, 1900; length of main channel, 
28.05 miles; length of river diver- 
sion channel, 13 miles; width main 
channel, Robey street to Summit; 
bottom, 110 feet; top,' 198; width 
main channel, Summit to Willow 
Springs; bottom, 202 feet; top, 
290 ; width main channel, Willow 
Springs to Lockport (rock sec- 
tion); bottom, 160 feet; top, 162; 
width diversion channel, bottom, 
200 feet; minimum depth of water 
in main channel 22 feet; current in 
earth section, 1% miles an hour; 
current in rock sections, 1.9 miles 
an hour; present capacity of canal, 
300,000 cubic feet per minute; total 
amount of excavation, 42,229,035 
cubic yards; total cost up to Dec. 
31, 1908, $58,616,014.44. 

Chicago Fire. — Chicago is a city 
of marvelous facts. It seems al- 
most beyond the bounds of possi- 
bility to the visiting stranger that 
forty years ago there were only 
sixty brick buildings in the city, 



CHI— CHI 

and that it has been but a trifle 
more than thirty-five years since 
the entire business portion and the 
larger part of the residences were 
in ruins, while they can today see 
around them the finest city, archi- 
tecturally, the world has ever 
known. 

The most thrilling event in local 
history is the great fire of October 
8 and 9, 1871. 

The roaring flames, blazing roofs, 
falling walls, panic-stricken people 
in a sea of fire, was one of the 
most thrilling and appalling sights 
ever witnessed. About $200,000,000 
worth of property was destroyed, 
and the loss of life footed up some- 
thing like 300 souls. 

Chicago Nursery and Half Or- 
phan Asylum. — Situated 175 Burl- 
ing street, south of Center street. 
The money passing through the 
hands of its managers annually, 
reaches a total of about $20,000. 

Chicago Orphan Asylum. — The 
Cottage Grove avenue electric line 
will carry you to 5120 South F'ark 
avenue, the location of this most 
deserving institution. While under 
Protestant management, it never 
inquires concerning the religious 
preferences of those needing its 
help. 

Chicago Policlinic. — Either line 
of the North Side cars will take 
you into the neighborhood of 174 
and 176 Chicago avenue. There is 
no institution of greater merit in 
the city. All sorts of diseases are 
treated free of charge to the suf- 
ferers. At the first, intended sim- 
ply as a means of succor to the 
destitute, a sort of a mission, it has 
developed into a clinical college 
where post-graduate courses in 
medicine and surgery are obtaina- 
ble. The buildings now have ac- 
commodations for two hundred. 
The Faculty not only donate their 
services but pay their own bills for 
material used in their practice. 
The attendance on the clinics will 
average 150 daily. The latest ad- 
dition is a department of Ortho- 
pedics. About twenty of Chicago's 



50 



CHI— CHI 



most distinguished physicians are 
on the roster of the Faculty. 

Chicago Railways Company. — In 

the early days, smaller cars, fewer 
cars, and cars which made no pre- 
tense of speed or comfort, answered 
fairly well. "The horse cars never 
were overcrowded." Some of the 
earlier inhabitants occasionally 
protested. But the requirements of 
the city of 2,250,000 population can 
not be compared with those of a 
city of 200,000 or less. 

The most tremendous strides in 
the improvement of the traction 
system of this city have taken 
place in the. last year, and when on 
November 1, the Chicago Railways 
Company placed upon its line the 
•first installment of a type of cars 
admitted to be the finest street cars 
that ever left a factory, its patrons 
realized they were receiving in- 
disputable evidence of the fulfill- 
ment of the promises made by 
President John M. Roach and 
Mayor F. A. Busse, that "Chicago 
will have the best street car service 
in the world." 

This, however, was just a begin- 
ning so far as the Chicago Rail- 
ways Company is concerned. The 
company now has in service nearly 
300 of the new "Pay-as-you-enter" 
cars and 350 more are in the shops 
fast approaching completion. The 
company does not propose to stop 
with these 650 cars. At an early 
date the contract will be placed for 
550 additional cars of the same 
type and before the end of this 
year the Chicago Railways Com- 
pany will have in its operation 
1,200 of the new "Pay-as-you-enter" 
cars representing the enormous 
outlay of approximately $7,000,000. 

The new cars are in operation 
on seven of the principal lines of 
the company: Madison street, 
Evanston avenue, North Clark 
street, Milwaukee avenue, Armitage 
avenue, Blue Island avenue and 
Ogden avenue. Other lines are be- 
ing equipped as fast as possible. 
Meanwhile the heavy double truck 
cars from the principal thorough- 
fares have been placed on other 



CHI— CHI 51 

lines, to the great improvement of 
the service generally. 

These large street cars, almost 
as big as railroad coaches, re- 
splendent in their olive green, 
cherry red and gold lettering, as 
they traverse the congested down- 
town districts, are the outward and 
visible sign of the stupendous ef- 
forts of the Chicago Railways 
Company to rebuild a traction sys- 
tem of 326 miles — not including 210 
miles of connections in two years. 
The general public can scarcely be 
aware of the strenuous efforts 
made by the Chicago Railways 
Company in other details of re- 
habilitation, but when the facts are 
learned the}- become impressive 
and illuminating. 

Before the great 27-ton cars 
could be operated it was first nec- 
essary to rebuild the tracks of the 
company, and without counting 
the first 300 of the new cars, the 
company has expended for track 
building and other purposes, over 
$7,000,000. Its total expenditures 
in rebuilding its system up to date 
have been in round figures $10,- 
000,000 and a similar amount or 
more will be expended this year — 
all that the people who use its 
lines may have a perfect traction 
system. 

It has been necessary to build 
great stations, machine shops, sub- 
stations and to install a vast 
amount of underground cables, to 
replace trolley wire with wire of 
heavier quality, and to install miles 
of special work. It is almost im- 
possible to convey to the average 
citizen the prodigious amount of 
work that has been accomplished 
by the Chicago Railways Company 
in the last year and .of the unprece- 
dented activity of the men who have 
been engaged in this herculean 
task. It has meant long hours of 
toil, day and night and on Sundays, 
for some of them. It has been 
drive, drive, drive, from the time 
the ordinance was accepted and the 
company has found its greatest re- 
ward in the consciousness that it 
has been making good. 

On November 15th, which marked 



CHI— CHI 



the close of the track work for the 
season, the company, in one-fourth 
of the 3-year rehabilitation period, 
specified under the ordinance, had 
completed 50 per cent of its re- 
habilitation. It had rebuilt 74.40 
miles of track or approximately 
one-half of the amount specified in 
the ordinance. Special work — the 
installation of curves and switches 
— is being continued through the 
winter and work on the numerous 
buildings of the company will not 
cease until they are completed. 

The company expects to com- 
plete the rehabilitation of all its 
lines this year. It has planned to 
build 112 miles of track, including 
26 miles of extensions, before the 
close of next December. This will 
include new tracks in the important 
net work which extends through 
the heart of the city, work upon 
which was started the latter part 
of 1908. 

The expense of track building 
alone amounts to approximately 
$50,000 for each single mile. The 
rails are nine inches deep and 
weigh 129 pounds to the yard and 
their cost is something like $52 for 
each 60-foot rail. This, of course, 
does not include the expense of 
ties, concrete and other material. 
The expense for labor is a tre- 
mendous item. At one time during 
the last year more than 3,000 men 
were employed daily in track work 
alone. An excavation of 12^ 
inches first is required. There is 
concrete filling, mixed by machin- 
ery, between the ties. The rails 
are fastened to the ties by screw 
spikes and finally they are welded 
at the joints by electricity. 

Up to the time that the franchise 
ordinance was accepted last Janu- 
ary by this company, there were 
certain financial and legal difficul- 
ties which interfered with the re- 
habilitations essential to good 
service and the purchase of new 
cars. The acceptance of the fran- 
chise ordinance having swept 
aside all these stumbling blocks, 
the company has during the last 
year been endeavoring to make up 
for lost time and believes that it 







(52) 



CHI— CHI 

has, in a great measure, succeeded. 
It has been making strenuous ef- 
forts and will continue them in the 
future. It must be borne in mind 
also that this company has had 
difficulties in operation unparal- 
leled, perhaps, in the transportation 
history of any city in the world. 
A vast mileage, numerous bridges 
that have to be crossed, the un- 
precedented congested condition in 
the loop district, the increasing 
population in the territory through 
which the lines of the company 
operate, all have contributed to the 
traction obstacles. The tunnels on 
the north and west sides have been 
out of service for the last two 
years, but the board of supervis- 
ing engineers lately have prepared 
plans for the La Salle and Wash- 
ington street bores and it is as- 
sumed that the transportation dif- 
ficulties in the down-town section 
will be overcome to a considerable 
degree by the construction of these 
subways and the relief of the 
bridges. The Van Buren street 
tunnel practically is completed and 
the cars soon will be running 
through it, materially relieving 
congestion in that part of the city. 

Considerable has been said con- 
cerning rehabilitation, but the 
company feels that a certain degree 
of pride may be pardoned, in con- 
templating the miles of new track 
that have been built, the new cars 
that are running over its lines, the 
huge buildings that are completed, 
and the hundreds of other import- 
ant details of work that have been 
included in the gigantic task of re- 
building a great street railroad sys- 
tem. The achievements of this 
company since it accepted its fran- 
chise ordinance less than a year 
ago have been the most remarka- 
ble in the traction history of any 
large city in this country. 

Chicago Religions. — Every de- 
nomination of Christians is repre- 
sented in Chicago, and the stranger 
need be at no loss where to go on 
a Sunday, unless it be from the 
difficulty of making a choice among 
so many. There are at this time 
1,146 church buildings in the city, 



53 



CHI— CHI 



varying in seating capacity from 
200 to 2,000, and averaging about 
600 or 700— about 650,000 alto- 
gether. With few exceptions these 
churches are supported mainly 
from pew rents and voluntary sub- 
scriptions. They all depend on 
their regular congregations, but 
strangers are welcome at all times, 
and will be cheerfully provided 
with seats, so long as there are any 
vacant. On Sunday, services in 
the Protestant churches begin in 
the morning generally at 10:30; in 
the afternoon at 3:30, and in the 
evening at 7:30. The Roman Cath- 
olic churches on that day celebrate 
high mass and vespers at about the 
same hours. Such of the churches 
as are noteworthy, architecturally 
or otherwise, are described under 
their own heads, while a list of 
those of each denomination is given 
under the name of that denomina- 
tion. 

Chicago River. — Many character- 
istic features of this river may be 
viewed from the State street, Dear- 
born street, Clark street and Wells 
street bridges, but the only satis- 
factory way to view the docks, 
river and shipping is to charter a 
launch at the foot of Randolph 
street and by so doing one may 
visit the outer breakwater, yacht 
clubs, life saving station, etc. 

The principal items in Chicago 
river traffic are grain, lumber, coal 
and salt. The faculties for hand- 
ling cargoes on Chicago docks are 
thoroughly modern. In 1906 the 
total arrivals and clearances from 
this port numbered 13,280 vessels, 
carrying a total tonnage of 15,022,- 
284. The modern freight carrying 
boats of the Great Lakes are equal 
in size to many of the ocean ves- 
sels. 

Chicago Telephone Company. — 

Headquarters, Northeast Corner 
Franklin and Washington streets. 
The plant of the company is in- 
creasing by leaps and bounds, as 
will be seen by the following: 

Number Exchanges 163 

Toll Stations 45 

No. of Exchange Telephones 240,681 
Underground Conduit Miles. 431 



CHI— CHI 



54 



CHI-CHI 



Underground Duct Miles... 2,309 

Miles of Wire Underground. 352,098 
Miles of Wire Aer. Cable... 56,492 

Miles of "Wire on Poles 62,578 

Total Miles of Wire 471, 16S 

Capital Stock $14,000,000 

Telephone ordinance and rates 
passed by city council November 0, 
1907. The Chicago Telephone 
Company is authorized to operate 
its telephone wires in the city until 
January 2, 1929. Its books and 
records are to be open for exami- 
nation by the city comptroller and 
its accounts may be audited for the 
purpose of verifying the statement 
of gross receipts, of which 3 per 
cent is to be paid into the city 
treasury as compensation for the 
franchise. The city reserves to it- 
self the right to change the rates 
or tolls from time to time and to 
modify the rules and regulations. 
It is provided, however, that such 
changes shall not be made to con- 
tinue for a period of more than or 
less than five years. The company 
shall not make any rate agree- 
ments or division f territory with 
any other company. The right to 
purchase the plant of the company 
on January 1, 1919, or January 1, 
1924, is reserved to the city, the 
price to t>e fixed by appraisers. 
The maximum rates fixed by the 
ordinance are as follows: 

Business Telephones. — For a sin- 
gle-party line with the right to un- 
limited use of the same, $125 a 
year. 

For a single-party line, includ- 
ing 1,200 outgoing conversations or 
messages over said line, $60 a year. 

For the next 2,400 outgoing mes- 
sages, or any part thereof during 
the year, 3 cents each. 

For all outgoing messages in ex- 
cess of 3,600 over said line during 
the year, 2 cents each. 

Every subscriber who will con- 
tract to pay for 7,200 outgoing 
messages a year at the above rates 
shall be furnished with a second 
single-party line without extra 
charge and every subscriber shall 
be furnished with an additional 
single-party line without extra 
charge for each 6,000 outgoing 
messages he will contract to pay 



for in addition to the said 7,200 
during the year at the rate of 2 
cents each. 

A single-party line, or lines, in- 
cluding the right to transmit out- 
going messages without limit and 
without any charge per message 
shall be furnished at $1 per day 
each. Subscribers to single-party 
lines at this rate shall be deemed 
subscribers to measured service. 
Every subscriber to measured serv- 
ice shall also be furnished with as 
many single-party lines as he may 
demand, at the rate of $6 per quar- 
ter for each line. 

Residence Telephones. — For a 
single-party line, including all out- 
going messages, $18 per quarter. 

For a two-party line, $14 per 
quarter. 

Nickel Prepaid Service. — Nickel 
perpayment service, with outgoing 
messages at 5 cents each, as fol- 
lows: 

One-party line at a guaranty of 
20 cents a day, including four mes- 
sages. 

Two-party line at a guaranty of 
12^ cents a day. including two and 
a half messages. 

Two-party line, for residences 
only, at a guaranty of 10 cents a 
day, including two messages. 

Four-party line, for residences 
only, at a guaranty of 5 cents per 
day, including one message. 

Public Telephone Service. — The 
charges for a single conversation 
or message from any telephone in 
Chicago to any other telephone in 
the city shall not exceed 5 cents. 

Neighborhood Exchange Service. 
— The company may maintain local 
or neighborhood exchanges and 
shall establish them wherever the 
city council may direct. Any sub- 
scriber in any such exchange may 
communicate with any telephone 
within the city limits outside the 
neighborhood district, for which a 
charge of 5 cents may be made for 
each period of 5 minutes or frac- 
tion thereof. The rates per month 
for local exchange service, includ- 
ing all outgoing messages under 



CHI— CHI 

yearly contracts, shall not exceed 
the following: 

Line. Business. Residence. 

One-partv $-1.00 $3.00 

Two-party 3.00 2.00 

Four-party 2.00 1.50 

Toll Service. — The company shall 
not charge more than 10 cents for 
each conversation or message up 
to three minutes (and not more 
than 5 cents for each additional 
minute), transmitted from any tel- 
ephone in Chicago to any other 
telephone outside the city but 
within fifteen miles of the present 
cit}' hall or within one mile of the 
city limits and within the state of 
Illinois. 

Meters. — The company shall in- 
stall in connection with each meas- 
ured service line of its subscribers 
a meter which shall prove effective 
in actual use for accurately record- 
ing the number of outgoing mes- 
sages over the line. 

Chicago Weather, 1907.— Dates to 
July 1st. — Greatest depth of snow 
on ground and amount: February 
5th, 8.2 inches. 

Greatest snowfall jn 24 hours, 
and amount: February 5th, 7.0 
inches. 

Last occurrence of zero tempera- 
ture: February 4th. 

Last killing frost: May 4th. 

Last light 'frost: ' May 28th. 

First thunderstorm: January 7th. 

After July 1st. — Last thunder- 
storm: October 7th. 

First light frost: September 25th. 

First killing frost: October 14th. 

First occurrence of zero temp- 
erature: Did not occur. 

Greatest depth of snow on ground, 
and amount: December 14th, 8.0 
inches. 

Greatest snowfall in 24 hours, 
and amount: December 13th-14th, 
8.0 inches. 

Longest period without precipi- 
tation: Eight days, from April 
16th to April 23d; November 12th 
to 19th; November 22d to 29th, in- 
clusive. 

Longest period with precipita- 
tion: Six days, from January 14th 
to January 19th, inclusive. 



55 CHO— CHU 

Children's Charity Globes.— This 
is a new and original device of the 
Fresh Air Fund management 
From spring to autumn these glass 
charity globes will be found in al- 
most every public place and if you 
feel disposed you can make any 
contribution you please, dropping 
the money into a slot through 
which it falls into the globe. At 
regular intervals this money is col- 
lected and the amount goes to the 
Fresh Air Fund, which has for its 
object the sending of certain needy 
classes into the country for a sum- 
mer vacation. These classes are: 
First, working girls and boys; sec- 
ond, mothers with infants; third, 
sewing and shop girls. The Daily 
News secures invitations for these 
from among its subscribers who 
live in pleasant country places. 
The railroads charge half rates, or 
make other reductions, and give 
special attention to those wearing 
the country week badges. The 
News arranges all details. When 
the work was begun in 1887, only 
461 were sent out. Last year 1,749 
were sent out, at a cost of $2,837,90 
or $1.62 for each. 

Cholera. — Chicago has been vis- 
ited by cholera on three occasions 
— in 1832, in 1849, and in 1873. In 
every instance the disease was im- 
ported. This dreadful disease first 
came to Chicago by way of Que- 
bec, where it had been brought by 
an emigrant ship from Europe 
early in the year 1832. During the 
Black Hawk war the disease broke 
out among the troops of General 
Scott, who came out to the war by 
way of the lakes, and caused such 
mortality and panic among the 
troops as to prevent their arrival 
until after the war was ended. This 
war also brought quite a number 
of immigrants to the city, and the 
scourge made dreadful havoc, both 
in the garrison of Fort Dearborn 
and among the citizens. 

CHURCHES. 

Advent Christian. 

Advent Christian Church — 428 Au- 
gusta. 

German Advent Christian Church — 
274 Augusta. 



CHU— CHU 



56 



CHU— CHU 



Blessed Hope Mission Church — 
S. 40th ct, cor. W. 15th. 

Adventists (Seventh Day). 

Englewood Church*— 1022 W. 69th. 

Erie Street Church (Norwegian) — 
269 W. Erie. 

German Church — 861 N. Halsted. 

Humboldt Park Church (Norwe- 
gian) — SS8 N. Rockwell. 

North Side Church — Belden Hall, 
Belden av., cor. Lincoln av. 

Ravenswood Church — Montrose av., 
cor. N. Hermitage av. 

South Side Church — North side 
46th, between Wabash and Michigan 
a vs. 

Swedish Church — 212 Oak. 

West Side Church— 388 S. Western 
av. 

Baptist. 

Auburn Park Church — Normal av., 
cor. Winneconna av. 

Austin — Pine av., near Indiana. 

Austin Swedish — 5913 Sophia. 

Belden Avenue Church — N. Hal- 
sted, cor. Belden av. 

Berean Church (Colored) — 4838 
Dearborn. 

Bethany Church — S. Hoyne av., 
near W. 35th. 

Bethel Church — 72d, corner Cham- 
plaine av. 

Bethesda Church (Colored) — 3823 
Wabash av. 

Calvary Church — Wabash av., cor. 
38th. 

Central Union Church (Colored) — 
3705 State. 

Colehour German Church — Cole- 
hour. 

Covenant Church — W. 60th pi., cor. 
Butler. 

Crawford Church — 25th, near W. 
40th av. 

Ebenezer Church (Colored) — Dear- 
born, cor. W. 35th. 

Elim Swedish Church — 75th, cor. 
Kimbark av. 

Englewood Church — W. 62d pi., cor. 
Stewart av. 

Englewood Swedish Church — 59th, 
cor. Emerald av. 

Evanston First Swedish Church — 
Evanston. 

Fifth Avenue German Church — 
27th, cor. 5th av. 

First Bohemian Church — 556 
Throop. 

First Church — South Park av., cor. 
31st. 

First Church (Roseland) — 113th, 
s. w. cor. Curtis av. 

First Danish Church — N. Tallman 
av., cor. LeMoyne. 

First Finnish Church — 135 Sedg- 
wick. 

First German Church — W. Superior, 
cor. N. Paulina. 

First Swedish Church — Elm, cor. 
Milton av. 

Fourth Church — Ashland blvd., cor. 
W. Monroe. 

Fourth Swedish Church — 2537 11th. 

Friendship Church (Colored) — 374 
W. Lake. 



Galilee Church — N. Robey, cor. 
Wellington. 

Garfield Park Church — 2077 W. Van 
Buren. 

Grace Church — Warren av., s. w. 
cor. S. Sacramento av. 

Hermon Church (Colored) — 759 N. 
Clark. 

Humboldt Park Church — N. Hum- 
boldt, cor, Cortland. 

Humboldt Park German Church — 
1014 N. Spaulding av. 

Humboldt Park Swedish Church — 
Cortland, cor. Fairfield av. 

Hyde Park Church — Woodlawn av., 
cor. 56th. 

Immanuel Bohemian Church — S. 
Trumbull av., nr. W. 26th. 

Irving Park Church — Irving Park. 

Lake View Church — Otto, nr. South- 
port av. 

Lake View Swedish Church — Noble 
av., nr. Clifton av. 

La Salle Avenue Church — 439 La 
Salle av. 

Lexington Avenue Church — Lexing- 
ton av., cor. 62d. 

Logan Square Norwegian Church — 
Humboldt boul.,.cor. W. Wrightwood 
av. 

Maplewood Avenue Church — Maple- 
wood av. cor. Greenwood terrace. 

Memorial Church — Oakwood boul., 
bet. Cottage Grove av. and Langley 
av. 

Messiah Church — Flournoy, near S. 
Sacramento av. 

Millard Avenue Church — Millard 
av., s. e. cor. W. 24th. 

Mount Olive — 135 47th. 

Normal Park Church — Stewart av., 
cor. 70th. 

North Shore Church — 1960 Evans- 
ton av. 

Ogden Park Church — W. 67th, cor. 
Laflin. 

Olivet Church (Colored) — 27th, n. 
e. cor. Dearborn. 

Parkside Church — Jackson Park av. 
n. of 71st. 

Pilgrim Temple Church — N. Lea- 
vitt, cor. North av. 

Providence Church (Colored) — 13 
N. Irving av. 

Ravenswood Church — '327 Sunny- 
side av. 

Rogers Park Church — Greenleaf 
av., cor. N. Paulina. 

St. Paul's Church (Colored) — 5609 
Jefferson av. 

Salem Swedish Church — W. 2 2d pi., 
cor. S. Oakley av. 

Second Swedish Church — 3020 5th 
av. 

Shiloh Church (Colored) — W. 62d, 
cor. S. May. 

South Chicago Church — Houston 
av., cor. 90th, South Chicago. 

South Chicago German Church — 
394 107th. 

South Chicago Swedish Church — 
9748 Avenue L. 

Tabernacle — Warren av., n. w. cor. 
Spaulding av. 

Tabernacle Swedish Church — Supe- 
rior av., bet. 91st and 92d. 



CHU— CHU 57 



Third German Church — S. Win- 
chester av., near W. 12th. 

Trinity Church — W. Ohio, near N. 

Robe y- ~ ^ , , 

Washington Park Church — Garfield 
boul., cor. State. 

West Pullman — Parnell av., bet. W. 
118th and W. 119th. 

Western Avenue Church — Warren 
av., n. w. cor. S. Western a v. 

Windsor Park — 76 th, near Railroad 
av. 

Baptist missions. 

Central Chinese Mission — 297 Clark. 

Fortieth Street Mission — N. 40th 
av.. near W. Lake. 

Hope Mission — 6119 S. Halsted. 

Immanuel Missions — No. 1, 2706 
Wentworth av. ; No. 2, 1615 Wabash 
av.; Xo. 3, 332 Root; No. 4, 3723 S. 
Halsted; No. 5, 177 26th; No. 6, W. 
53d, cor. 5th av. 

Central — 3 21 Clark. 

Polish Mission — 130 Augusta. 

Pleasant Grove Mission — 160 18th. 

Ravmond Mission — Poplar av., near 
30th. 

Sunshine Mission — S. Center av., 
near W. 59th. 

Wabansia Avenue German Mission 
— Wabansia and N. Winchester. 

Italian Mission — 186 Larrabee. 

Baptist (Seventh-Day). 

Chicago Seventh - Day Baptist 
Church — 913 Masonic Temple. 

Brethren (Dunkard). 

First Church — 183 Hastings. 
Christian. 

Armour Avenue Church — 3621 Ar- 
mour av. 

Ashland Avenue Church — W. 6 2d, 
cor. Laflin. 

Austin Church — Ohio, cor. Pine av. 

Bush Temple of Music Church — N. 
Clark, cor. Chicago av. 

Central Church — Whitney Opera 
House. 

Chicago Heights Church. 

Douglas Park Church — Turner av., 
near Ogden av. 

Englewood Church — Stewart av., 
cor. 66th pi. 

Evanston Church — Asbury, cor. Lee. 

First Church — Grand boul. and 47th 

Garfield Boulevard Church — S. Ab- 
erdeen, near Garfield boul. 

Harvey Church — Harvey, 111. 

Humboldt Park Church — Wabansia. 
av., cor. Ballou. 

Hyde Park Church — Lexington av. 
and 57th. 

Irving Park Church — N. 43d av., 
cor. W. Cullom av. 

Jackson Boulevard Church — 1010 
W. Jackson boul. 

Kendall Street Church — Kendall, 
near W. Polk. 

Logan Square Church — N. Califor- 
nia av., cor. Greenwood av. 

Maywood Church. 

Metropolitan — W. Van Buren, cor. 
S. Oakley av. 

North Side Church — Sheffield av., 
cor. of George st. 



CHU— CHU 

Oak Park Church — Armory Hall, 
Oak Park. 

South Chicago Church — 9101 Com- 
mercial av. 

Union Church — W. Monroe, cor. S. 
Francisco av. 

West Pullman Church — Wallace, 
cor. 119th. 

West End Church — W. Congress, 
cor. S. 42d av. 

MISSIONS. 

Colored People's Mission — Armour 
av., cor. 36th. 

Fasking Hall Mission — 3012 Archer 
av. 

Halsted Street Mission — 6644 S. 
Halsted. 

Christian Catholic Apostolic Church 
in Zion. 

Wilbur Glen Voliva, Zion City, 111. 
Chicago Headquarters — Kimball 
Hall, 243 Wabash av. 
Mission — 44 Sherman. 

Christian Scientist. 

First Church — 4017 Drexel boul. 

Second Church — Pine Grove and 
Wrightwood avs. 

Third Church — 'Washington boul., 
s. e. cor. S. Leavitt. 

Fourth Church — 67th, cor. Harvard 
av. 

Fifth Church — 4840 Madison av. 

Sixth Church — Wallace, cor. W. 
120th. 

Seventh Church — 2885 Kenmore a v. 

Eighth Church— 51 23d. 

Ninth Church — 64th, cor. Lexington 
av. 

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day 
Saints. 

Northern State Mission — 149 S. 
Paulina, cor. Monroe. 

Congregational. 

Auburn Park Church — 77th, cor. 
Normal av. 

Austin Church — Waller av., near 
Midway Park. 

Berea Church — 832 W. 21st. 

Bethan Church — W. Superior, cor. 
N. Lincoln. 

Bethel Evangelical Church — 1519 
N. Central Park av. 

Bethesda Church — 26-28 Clybourn 
av. 

Bethlehem Church (Bohemian) — 711 
Loomis. 

Bethlehem Swedish Church — 657 
Fullerton av. 

Bowmanville Church — W. Berwyn 
av., cor. Lincoln av., Bowmanville. 

Brainerd Church — Throop, near W. 
88th. 

Brighton Church — 34th pi., cor. 3. 
Lincoln, 

California Avenue Church — S. Cali- 
fornia av., cor. W. Monroe. 

Central Park Church — Park av., cor. 
S. 40th ct. 

Chicago Lawn Church — W. 6 2d, 
cor. S. St. Louis av. 

Christ's German Church — Centre 
av. and 31st pi. 

Commercial Avenue Church — 98th, 
near Commercial av. 



CHU— CHU 

Cortland Street Church — 83 Cort- 
land. 

Covenant Church — \V. Polk, n. w. 
cor. S. Claremont ;iv. 

Cragin Church — • Armitage, near 
50th av. 

Crawford Church — S. 42d av, near 
W. 26th. 

Doremus Church — Butler, near 31st. 

Douglas Park Church — W. 19th, cor. 
S. Spaulding av. 

Englcwood North Church — La Salle 
cor. AV. 59th. 

Evanston Avenue Church — Aldine, 
cor. Evanston av. 

Ewing Street Church — 239 and 241 
Ewing. 

Fellowship Church — Cor. Drexel av. 
and 64th. 

Fifty-second Avenue Church — 40 N. 
5 2d av. 

First Church — Washington boul., s. 
w. cor. S. Ann. 

First Evangelical Lutheran Church 
■ — N. Leavitt, cor. Haddon av. 

Forest Glen Church — N. 50th ct., 
cor. W. Catalpa av. 

Forestville Church — Champlain av., 
cor. 46th. 

Garfield Park Church — 2109 Lexing- 
ton. 

Grace Church — 'Powell av., cor, 
Cherry pi. 

Grand Avenue Church — Grand av., 
near N. Hamlin av. 

Grayland Church — W. 48th, cor. W. 
Byron ct. 

Green Street Church — S. Green, cor. 
W. 5 6th. 

Gross Park Church — 1844 N. Lea- 
vitt. 

Hamilton Park Church — W. 71st, 
cor. Normal av. 

Hegewisch Swedish Evangelical 
Church — Buffalo av., near 133d. 

Immanuel Church — 9227 Drexel av. 

Jefferson First Church — ■ Roberts 
a v., near 54 th ct. 

Jefferson Park Trinity (Germar ) 
Church — Winona, near Elderkin. 

Kedzie Avenue Church — 207 Saw- 
yer av. 

Lake View Church — Seminary a\ ., 
cor. Lill av. 

Leavitt Street Church — S. Leavit :, 
s. w. cor. AV. Adams. 

Lincoln Park Church — 707 Fuller- 
ton boul. 

Madison Avenue Church — 7117 
Madison a v. 

Mayflower Church — S. Sacramento 
av., cor. Fillmore. 

Maplewood Church — Talman av., 
near Humboldt bould. 

Millard Avenue Church — S. Central 
Park av., s. e. cor. W. 22d. 

Mont Clare Church — 69th av., near 
Medill av. 

Morton Park Church — 24th, cor. 
52d. 

New England Church — Dearborn 
av., cor. Delaware pi. 

North Shore Church — Wilson av., 
cor. Sheridan rd. 

Pacific Church — 827 Cortland. 



58 



CHU— CHU 



Park Manor Church — South Park 
av., cor. 70th. 

People's Church — 9737 Avenue L. 

Pilgrim Church — Harvard av., s. e. 
cor. 64th. 

Pilgrim German Church — N. Avers 
av., cor. Thomas. 

Pilgrim Mayflower Church — 245 W. 
43d. 

Plymouth Church — 2535 Michigan 
av. 

Porter Memorial Church — 494 to 
498 S. Paulina. 

Puritan Church — 817 Grand av. 

Ravenswood Church — N. Hermitage 
av., cor. Montrose av. 

Rogers Park Church — N. Ashland 
av., cor. Morse a v. 

Rosehill Church — Cemetery Drive, 
w. of N. Clark. 

St. James German Church — N. Park 
av., cor. Florimond. 

St. Paul — Belden av., cor N. 42d av. 

St. Paul's Evangelical Church — AV. 
94th, cor. S. AVinchester av. 

Salem Church — Point, near N. Cali- 
fornia av. 

Sedgwick Street Church — 388 Sedg- 
wick. 

South Chicago Church — Ontario av. 
near 92d, South Chicago. 

South Chicago — Drexel boul., n. w. 
cor. 40th. 

Summerdale Church — N. Paulina, 
cor. Farragut av. 

Swedish Evangelical Church — 
Franklin av., cor. Iowa. 

Tabernacle Church — Grand av., s. e. 
cor. N. Morgan. 

Union Park Church — S. Ashland av., 
cor. Washington boul. 

University Church — Madison av., 
cor. 56th. 

Warren Avenue Church — Warren 
av., s. w. cor. S. Albany av. 

Washington Park Church — Michi- 
gan av., bet. 53d and 54th. 

Waveland Avenue Church — Wave- 
land and Janssen avs. 

West Pullman Church — Wallace 
av., near W. 120th. 

Windsor Park — Marquette av. and 
77th. 

MISSIONS. 

Armour Mission — 33d, cor. Armour 
av. 

Chinese Mission (Branch of First 
Church) — 'Washington boul., cor. S. 
Ann. 

Forty-Eighth Street Mission — N. 
48th av., cor. Indiana. 

Mackinaw Avenue Mission — 8555 
Mackinaw av. 

Episcopal. 

Diocese of Chicago — Office, 510 Ma- 
sonic Temple. 

Cathedral Church SS. Peter and 
Paul — Washington boul., cor. S. Peo- 
ria. 

All Angel's Church (for the Deaf) 
— Trinity Chapel, 100 26th. 

All Saints' Church — Pullman. 

All Saints' Church — -Wilson av., 
cor. N. Hermitage av. 

Calvary Church — W. Monroe, e. of 
S. Kedzie av. 



CHU— CHU 59 

Christ Church — 65th, cor. Woodlawn 
av. 

Church of The Advent — 430 W. Ful- 
lerton a v. 

Church of The Atonement — Ken- 
more av., s. e. cor. Ardmore av. 

Church of Our Saviour — 702 Ful- 
lerton av. 

Church of St. Philip The Evange- 
list — 3555 S. Hamilton av. 

Church of The Annunciation — 7814 
Lowe av. | 

Church of The Ascension — La Salle 
av., s. e. cor. Elm. 

Church of The Epiphany — S. Ash- 
land av., cor. W. Adams. 

Church of The Good Shephard — S. 
Lawndale av., n. e. cor. W. 24th. 

Church of The Holy Cross — 55th, 
cor. S. Halsted. 

Church of The Incarnation — Par- 
nell av., near W. 100th. 

Church of The Redeemer — 56th, n. 
w. cor. Washington av. 

Church of St. John The Evangelist 
— Rees, cor. Vine. 

Church of The Transfiguration — 235 
43d. 

Grace Church — 1439 Wabash av. 

Holy Trinity Church — Union av., 
cor. w. 47th. 

Immanuel Church (Swedish) — 1104 
W. 59th. 

St. Alban's Church — 4336 Prairie 
av. 

St. Alban's Church — Norwood Park. 

St. Andrew's Church — Washington 
boul., cor. S. Robey. 

St. Ann's Church — Kimball av., s. 
w. cor. McLean av. 

St. Ansgarius' Church (Swedish) — 
101 Sedgwick. 

St. Barnabas' Church — 2054 Wash- 
ington boul. 

St. Bartholomew's Church — Stewart 
ave., cor. N. Normal Parkway. 

St. Chrysostom's Church — 544 Dear- 
born av. 

St. George's Church — 76th, n. e. cor. 
Drexel av. 

St. James* Church — Cass, s. e. cor. 
Huron. 

St. John's Church — W. Byron, cor. 
N. 44th av. 

St. Joseph's Church — ■ West Pull- 
man. 

St. Jude's Church — 92d, cor. Hous- 
ton av. 

St. Luke's Church — 388 S. Western 
av. 

St. Margaret's Church— 7439 Coles 
av. 

St. Mark's Church — Cottage Grove 
av., n. w. cor. 36th. 

St. Martin's Church — •Waller av., 
cor. Midway Park (A). 

St. Paul's Church — 50th, n. e. cor. 
Madison av. 

St. Paul's Church — 757 Lunt av. 

St. Peter's Church — 1737 Belmont 
av. 

St. Simon's Church — Sheridan Park. 

St. Thomas' Church (Colored) — 
Wabash av., cor. 38th. 

St. Timothy's Church — W. Chicago 
av., cor. Hamlin av. 



CHU— CHU 

Trinity Church — Michigan boul., s. 
e. cor. 26th. 

MISSIONS AND CHAPELS. 

Chapel of Champlin Home For 
Boys. 

Chapel of Church Home For Aged 
Persons — 4327 Ellis av. 

Chapel of Western Theological 
Seminary — 1113 Washington boul. 

City Mission to Hospitals and Pris- 
ons. 

Rouse Mission — 3109 5th av. 

St. Edmund's Mission — Washington 
Park. 

St. Mary's Home for Children — 
1251 W. Jackson boul. 

St. Mary's Mission House — -215 
Washington boul. 

Episcopal (Reformed). 

Christ Church — Michigan av., cor. 
24th. 

Edgebrook Church — Edgebrook. 

Emmanuel Church — S. Canal, cor. 
28th. 

St. John's Church — 37th, cor. Lang- 
ley av. 

St. Mark's Church — N. Washtenaw 
av., near W. Greenwood Terrace. 

St. Paul's Church — S. Winchester 
av., cor. W. Adams. 

Trinity Church — Yale, s. w. cor. 
70 th. 

Neighborhood Guild — 2512 Went- 
worth av. 

Ethical Culture. 

Society For Ethical Culture — Han- 
del Hall, 40 Randolph and 166 W. 
14th pi. 

Evangelical. 

Swedish Evangelical Free Mission 
Churches. 

North Side Mission — Newport av., 
near N. Clark. 

Oak Street Mission — 205 Oak. 

South Side Mission — 5426 La Salle. 

West Side Mission — 832 W. 22d. 

Swedish Evangelical Mission Cove- 
nant of America. 

Cuyler Church — Byron, cor. N. 
Marshfield av. 

Englewood Hill Church — W. 66th, 
cor. S. Hermitage av. 

Evanston Church — Benson av., near 
Clark. 

Humboldt Park Church — N. Fair- 
field av., cor. Lemoyne. 

Irving Park Church — Monticello 
av., cor. W. Berteau av. 

Lake View Church — Osgood, cor. 
School. 

Maplewood Church — Humboldt boul. 
cor. N. Talman av. 

North Park Church — N. Kedzie av., 
cor. W. Foster av. 

North Side Church — Whiting, cor. 
Orleans. 

Parkside Church — 715 E. 70th. 

Ravenswood Church — N. Robey, cor. 
Ainslie. 

South Chicago Church — 10023 Ave- 
nue L. 

Stockholm Church — S. Rockwell, 
cor. W. 23d pi. 

Tabernacle Church — La Salle, cor. 
30th. 



CHU— CHU 

Swedish Evangelica 
Churches. 



60 



CHU— CHU 



Mission 
Garfield 



Bethania Mission — W, 
boul., n. e. cor. 5th av. 

Cuyler Mission — 2066 N. Marshfield 
av. 

Fifty-Ninth Street Mission — 1101 
W. 59th. 

Grand Crossing Mission — 75th, near 
Langley av. 

Gross Park Mission — 443 E. Rav- 
enswood Park. 

Humboldt Park Mission — -876 N. 
Artesian av. 

Maplewood Mission — N. Talman av. 
near Schubert av. 

Moreland Mission — N. 50th av., 
near W. Ontario. 

North Park College Mission — W. 
Foster av., s. w. cor. N. Kedzie av. 

Parkside Mission — 70th, near Jef- 
ferson av. 

Ravenswood Mission — 2887 N. Ro- 
bey. 

Roseland Mission — ■ 111th, near 
Michigan av. 

South Chicago Mission — 10023 Ave- 
nue L. 

• Stockholm Mission — S. Rockwell, 
cor. W. 23d. pi. 

Tabernacle Mission — La Salle, cor. 
30th. 

Mission — Orleans, s. w. cor. Whit- 
ing. 

Mission — School, cor. Osgood. 

Mission — W. 66th and S. Hermit- 
age av. 

Mission — N. 48th ct., near Armit- 
age av. 

Mission — Austin. 

Mission — Irving Park. 

Evangelical Associations. 

Chicago District — 658 Sheffield av. 

Centennial Church — W. Harrison, s. 
w. cor. S. Hoyne av. 

Douglas Park Church — S. Homan 
av., S. 15th. 

Ebenezer Church — S. Sangamon, 
near W. 67th. 

Emanuel Church — Sheffield av., n. 
e. cor. Marianna. 

First Church. 

Humboldt Park Church — N. Mozart 
and Shakespeare av. 

Lane Park Church — Roscoe, n. e. 
cor. Bosworth av. 

Logan Square Church — Kimball av., 
cor. Wrightwood av. 

Norwood Park Church — ■ Clarence 
av., near N. 7 2d av. 

St. John's Church — Rockwell, cor. 
Cornelia. 

Salem Church — • S. Lincoln, cor. 
Washburne av. 

Second Church — Wisconsin av., cor. 
Sedgwick. 

South Chicago Church — Avenue J., 
near 98th. 

German Evangelical. 

Bethany Church — Irving Park boul. 
cor. N. Paulina. 

Bethel Church — W. 114th, cor. State. 

Bethlehem Church — Diversey, cor. 
Diversey ct. 



Christian Church — 1502 Lexington. 

Church of Peace — 52d, cor. Justine. 

Emanuel's Church — 46th, cor. Dear- 
born. 

Epiphany Church — Roscoe, cor. 
Claremont av. 

Gethsemane Church — Eberly av., n. 
of Irving Park boul. 

Golgotha Church — N. Central av., 
cor. Chicago av. 

Johannes Church — Garfield av., cor. 
Mohawk. 

Nazareth Church — N. Campbell av., 
near Fullerton av. 

Philippus Church — 35th, cor. Archer 
av. 

St. Andrew's Church — W. 28th, cor. 
S. 41st av. 

St. John's Church — Moffat, cor. N. 
Campbell av. 

St. Luke's Church — W. 62d, n. w. 
cor. Green. 

St. Mark's Church — 35th, cor. Union 
av. 

St. Mathew's Church — Iowa, cor. 
N. Washtenaw av. 

St. Nicolas Church — Avondale. 

St. Paul's Church — Rose Hill. 

St. Peter's Church — W. Chicago av., 
cor. Noble. 

St. Petri Church — 103d, n. e. cor. 
Avenue L. 

St. Stephan's Church — Hermosa. 

Salem Church— 368 25th. 

Trinity Church — S. Robey, s. w. 
cor. W. 22d pi. 

Zion Church — S. Ashland av., cor. 
Hastings. 

Zion's Church — Auburn Park. 

Zion's Church — Washington 
Heights. 

Union Evangelical. 

Bethany Union Church — 10220 Pros- 
pect av. 

Bryn Mawr Church — 7149 Jeffrey 
av. 

Kenwood Evangelical Church — 
Greenwood av., cor. 46th. 

Oakwoods Union Church — ■ Cham- 
plain av., cor. 65th. 

St. Paul's Evangelical Church — S. 
Winchester av., n. e. cor. 94th. 

United Evangelical Church. 

Adams Street Church — W. Adams, 
cor. S. Robey. 

Diversey Avenue Church — Diversey 
n. w. cor. Best av. 

Emanuel Church — 4638 Dearborn. 

Harvard Street Church — Sacra- 
mento av., cor. Harvard. 

Kimball Avenue Church — Kimball 
av., cor. Medill. 

North Ashland Avenue Church — N. 
Ashland av., cor. Barry av. 

Zion's Church — N. Hoyne av., cor. 
Iowa. 

Free Methodist. 

First Church — 16 N. May. 

Humboldt Park Church — 940 N. 
Mozart. 

May and Sixty - Second Street 
Church — S. May, cor. W. 6 2d. 

Olive Branch Mission Church — 95 
S. Desplaines. 






CHU-CHU 61 



Second Church — 48 Lexington. 

Mission— 90 E. Chicago av. 
Greek. 

Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox 
Church — 34 Johnson. 

Hope Trinity Russian Orthodox 
Church — 560 N. Leavitt. 

St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox 
Church — 1927 State. 

Holland Christian Reformed. 

Douglas Park Church — 616 Harding 
av. 

First Englewood Church — 948 W. 
71st. 

Second Englewood Church — 7153 S. 
Peoria. 

First Roseland Church — 2639 111th. 

Second Roseland Church — 11026 
Curtis av. 

Fourteenth Street Church — 523 W. 
14th. 

Independent. 

All Souls' Church — Oakwood boul., 
n. e. cor. Langley av. 

Armour Mission — 33d, s. e. cor. Ar- 
mour av. 

Central Church — Auditorium Thea- 
tre, Wabash av., eor. Congress. 

Chicago Avenue Church (Moody's) 
— Chicago av., n. w. cor. La Salle av. 

Church of the Soul — 309 Masonic 
Temple. 

Dan Martin's Mission — 296 N. 
Wells st. 

First Pentecostal Church of the 
Nazarene — 6417 Eggleston av. 

Grace Gospel Mission — 6644 S. Hal- 
sted. 

Haas Mission Sunday School — 19 
Edgewood av. 

Independent Religious Society Ra- 
tionalist of Chicago — 165 Michigan 
av. 

Mt. Zion Israel of God's Church 
(Colored)— 3916 State. 

People's Liberal Church — Stewart 
av., s. w. cor. W. 65th. 

Union Free Baptist Church — 664 
Grand av. 

Jewish. 

Anshe Kanasses Isreal — W. 12th 
pi. s. e. cor. S. Clinton. 

B'Xai Jehoshua — S. Ashland av., 
cor. W. 20th. 

Congregation Agudath Ashim (First 
Hungarian Congregation) — 444 Marsh- 
field av. 

Congregation Ahavas Achim — 108 
Newberry av. 

Congregation Ahavath Zion Anshe 
Tiktin — 622 S. Sangamon. 

Congregation Anshe Dorom Beth 
Hamedrash Hagodol — -3434 Wabash 
av. 

Congregation Anshe Emess — 584 W. 
Taylor. 

Congregation Anshe Emeth (Re- 
formed) — 349 Sedgwick. 

Congregation Anshe Kalvaria — 256 
W. 12th. 

Congregation Anshe Lebowitz — 308 
Maxwell. 

Congregation Anshe Shavel — 29 
Johnson. 



CHU— CHU 

Congregation Beth El (Reformed) 
— 148 Crystal. 

Congregation Beth Hachneseth Ha- 
gro Ansche Wilno — 680 S. Sangamon. 

Congregation Beth Hamedraash 
Anshey Maariv — 308 Maxwell. 

Congregation Beth Hamdraash An- 
shey Haygodol B'Nai Jacob — 134 Pa- 
cific av. 

Congregation Beth Hamedraash 
Hagodol Kehilath Hasfardim — 367 W. 
14 th. 

Congregation Beth Jacob Anshe 
Kroz — 244 Maxwell. 

Congregation Bichur Cholem — 8927 
Houston av. 

Congregation B'Nai Abraham (Re- 
formed) — 509 S. Marshfield av. 

Congregation B'Nai David — 618 N. 
Wood. 

Congregation B'Nai Israel (First 
Englewood) — Aberdeen, n. e. cor. W. 
62d. 

Congregation B'Nai Jitzchok — 494 
S. Morgan. 

Congregation B'Nai Joseph — '1160 
Lexington. 

Congregation B'Nai Levy — 68 S. 
Halsted. 

Congregation B'Nai Mosheh — 426- 
430 S. Paulina. 

Congregation B'Nai Sholem Temple 
Israel (Reformed) — 44th, cor. St. 
Lawrence av. 

Congregation Doresh Tova — 42 Tell 
place. 

Congregation Dovar Sholem — 413 
La Salle. 

Congregation Esras Isreal — 640 N. 
Irving av. 

Congregation Kehilath Yshburn — 
443 Throop. 

Congregation Kesser Maariv — 1249 
W. Madison. 

Congregation Mikro Kodosh — 526 
W. 12 th. 

Congregation Mishnau Gemora — 29 
O'Brien. 

Congregation Moses Montefiore — N. 
Robey, near Thomas. 

Congregation of the North Side 
(Reformed) — La Salle av., near Goe- 
the. 

Congregation Ohave Sholem Mari- 
ampol — 582 S. Canal. 

Congregation Ohel Jacob Anshe 
Kovna — Johnson, s. e. cor. W. 14th 
place. 

Congregation Ohev Zedek — 754 N. 
Irving av. 

Congregation Oir Chodash (Engle- 
wood — Reformed) — 804 Englewood av. 

Congregation Poal Sedeck Anshes- 
fard — 19 O'Brien. 

Congregation Rodfei Zedeck — 48th, 
bet. Wabash av. and State. 

Congregation Sharey Zedeck — 570 
W. Taylor. 

Congregation Shomrei Hadas — ■ S. 
Clinton, cor. Maxwell. 

Congregation Temple Emanuel (Re- 
formed) — 1627 Aldlne av. 

Congregation Temple Isreal (Re- 
formed) — 44th, cor. St. Lawrence av. 

Congregation Tifereth Isreal An- 
shei Luknick — 197 W. 14th. 



CHU-CHU 

Congregation Tiphereth Zion — 588 
X. Lincoln. 

Congregations Ohavo -Amuno and 
Beth I lamed rush Hochodosh — 3019 
Wabash av. 

First Roumanian Congregation An- 
she Sfard — 497 S. Union. 

lsiah Temple (Reformed) — Vincen- 
nes av., cor. 45th. 

Kehilath Anshe Mayriv (Reformed) 
— Indiana a v., cor. 33d. 

Oesterreich Galizien Congregation 
— 485 N. Ashland av. 

Oestreich Galizische Congregation 
B'Nai Abraham — 410 S. Morgan. 

Sinai Congregation (Reform) — In- 
diana av., s. w. cor. 21st. 

South Side Hebrew Congregation 
(Reformed) — 3433 Indiana av. 

Temple Beth-El (Reformed) — 148 
Crystal. 

Zion Congregation of West Chicago 
(Reformed) — Ogden av., s. e. cor. 
Washington boul. 

Lutheran. 

AUGUSTANA SYNOD. 

Augustana Church — Kimbark av.., 
cor. 54th. 

Bethania Church — 9116 Houston av. 

Bethel Church — S. Peoria, s. w. cor. 
W. 6 2d. 

Betheseda Church — Avenue L, near 
101st. 

Bethlehem Church — 58th, cor. 5th 
av. 

Concordia Church — Seeley av., cor. 
Byron. 

Ebenezer Church — 708 Foster av. 

Edgewater Church — Ridge av., cor. 
Juliana. 

Eliam Church— 113th, cor. Forest 
av. 

Englewood Mission — W. 63d, cor. 
Princeton. 

Gethsemane Church — N. May, cor. 
W. Huron. 

Gustavus Adolphus Church — Drexel 
av., near 74th. 

Irving Park Church — • N. Harding 
av., cor. W. Berteau av. 

Kapernaum Church — Burnside. 

Lebanon Church — Ontario av., n. e. 
cor. 132d. 

Lebanon Church — Cragin. 

Messiah (English) Church — Semi- 
nary av., n. e. cor. School. 

Messiah Church — N. Waller av., n. 
w. cor. Iowa. 

Nebo Church — W. Dakin, near N. 
59 th av. 

Oakdale Church — Oakdale, cor. 88th. 

Salem Church — 2819 Princeton av. 

Sharon Church — N. Humboldt, cor. 
Shakespeare av. 

St. John's Church — W. Noble av., 
cor. N. Sawyer av. 

Tabor Church — 80th, cor. Escanaba 
av. 

St. Paul's Church — W. Ontario, cor. 
NT. 50 th av. 

Trinity Church — Seminary av., cor. 
Nobel av. 

Zion Church — S. Irving av., near 
W. 22d. 



(12 



CHU— CHU 



CHICAGO SYNOD. — 

Atonement Church — 1556 W. 69th. 

Epiphany Church — Ogden av., near 
W. 12th st. 

Holy Trinity Church — La Salle av. 
and Elm. 

Redeemer Church — 5232 W. Chi- 
cago av. 

St. James' Church — Hayes, cor. 
Kimball av. 

St. John's Church — 6122 Indiana av. 

St. Luke's Church — Marianna, cor. 
N. Francisco av. 

St. Mark's Church — 1330 Addison. 

St. Mathew's Church— W. 47th, cor. 
Flournoy. 

St. Peter's Church — N. Spaulding 
av., cor Lemoyne. 

Wicker Park Church — N. Hoyne av. 

DANISH SYNOD. — 

St. Ansgar's Church — 880 N. Wash- 
tenaw av. 

St. Michael's Church — 98th, near 
Commercial av. 

St. Stephan's Church — 64th, cor. 
Vincennes av. 

Trinity Church — Fransico av., cor. 
Cortez. 

DANISH UNITED CHURCH. — 

Bethany Church— 749 70th. 

Ebenezer's Church — N. Rockwell, s. 
e. cor. Wabansia av. 

Gethsemane Church — 1361 N. Arte- 
sian av. 

Golgotha Church — 5931 S. Morgan. 

Siloam Church — N. Ada, bet. W. 
Huron and W. Chicago av. 

HAUGE SYNOD. — 

Ebenezer Church — 5 2d, cor. 5 th av. 

Elim Church — N. Whipple, near 
Byron av. 

Hauge's Church — N. Central Park 
av., cor. Wabansia av. 

Immanuel Church — N. Maplewood 
av., cor. Cherry pi. 

St. John's Church — -6122 Indiana 
av. 

St. Paul's Church — ■ Fairfield av., 
cor. Hirsch. 

Trinity Church — Noble, cor. Huron. 

INDEPENDENT FREE CHURCH SYNOD. 

Bethania Church — W. Ohio, cor. 
Noble. 

Salem Church — Point pi. 

IOWA SYNOD. — 

St. Stephan's Church — Wentworth 
av., cor. 25th. 

Trinity Church — 360 N. Ada. 

MISSOURI SYNOD. — 

Bethania Church — Cortez, cor. Rock- 
well. 

Bethany Church — 2561 Evanston av. 

Bethel Church — 1076 Hirsch. 

Bethlehem Church — N. Paulina, cor. 
McReynolds. 

Bethlehem Church — 103d, cor. Ave- 
nue H. 

Christ Church — Cor. N. Humboldt 
and McLean ave. 

Christ Church — N. Hoyne av., n. w. 
cor. Augusta. 



CHU-CHU 



63 



CHU— CHU 



Church of Our Redeemer (English) 
— Princeton av., cor. W. 60th pi. 

Church of the Holy Cross — S. Cen- 
tre av., n. w. cor. 31st pi. 

Concordia Church — W. Belmont av., 
cor. Elston av. 

Deaf and Dumb Church — 149 Crys- 
tal. 

Ebenezer Church — 1318 S. 42d av. 

Emanuel Church — Ashland boul., 
near W. 12th. 

Emmaus Church — N. California av. 

Frieden's Church — W. 43d, cor. S. 
Mozart. 

Gethsemane Church — 49th, cor. 
Dearborn. 

Grace Church — 41st av., cor. W. 
28th. 

Jehovah Church — N. Lawndale av., 
cor. Fullerton. 

Lake View Mission — Roscoe, cor. 
Osgood. 

Lettish Mission Church — 91st, s. e. 
cor. Superior av. 

St. Andreas' Church — 3650 Honore. 

St. Jacobi Church — Fremont, s. w. 
cor. Garfield av. 

St. James' Mission — Garfield av., 
cor Fremont. 

St. John's Church — W. Montrose 
av., cor. N. 50th av. 

St. John's Church — N. Hoyne av., 
cor. Cornelia. 

St. Luke's Church — ■ Belmont av., 
cor. Perrj'. 

St. Marcus' Church — S. California 
av., cor. W. 23d. 

St. Martini Church — W. 51st, cor. 
S. Marshfield av. 

St. Matthew's Church — S. Hoyne 
av., cor. W. 21st. 

St. Paul's Church — 2658 138th. 

St. Paul's Church — ■ Madison av., 
near 76th. 

St. Paul's Church — Prairie av., cor. 
Iowa. 

St. Paul's Church — Superior, cor. 
X. Franklin. 

St. Peter's Church — 3918 Dearborn. 

St. Phillip's Church — Lawrence av., 
cor. N. Oakley av. 

St. Stephanus Church — Englewood 
av., cor. Union av. 

Tabor Church — N. Central Park av., 
cor. Montrose boul. 

Trinitatis Church — 1260 N. 60th av. 

Trinity Church — 13133 Houston av. 

Trinity Church — S. Canal, cor. 25th 
place. 

West Pullman Mission — W. 119th, 
cor. Wallace. 

Zion Church — W. 19th, n. e. cor. 
Johnson. 

Zion's Church — 113th n. w. cor. 
Curtis av. 

Zion's Church — Winston av., near 
99th. 

NORTHERN ILLINOIS SYNOD. 

Bethel Church — Carroll av., near N. 
44 th av. 

Calvary Church — 1159 W. Irving 
Park boul. 

Cuyler Church — N. Lincoln, cor. 
Cuyler av. 

Grace Church — Belden av., cor. 
Hamilton ct. 



Hope Church — 1720 W. Chicago av. 

Immanuel Church — 43d, cor. Cham- 
plain av. 

People's Church — 11139 Michigan 
av. 

Ravenswood Church — 290 Sunny- 
side ave. 

Resurrection Church — Clybourn av. 
near Willow. 

Rogers Park Church — Morse av., 
cor. N. Paulina. 

St. Peter's Church — Heim pi., cor. 
Cleveland av. 

St. Simon's Church — N. Spaulding 
av., cor. Pierce av. 

Unity Church — Balmoral av., cor. 
Magnolia av. 

NORWEGIAN SYNOD. 

Lake View Church — Roscoe, cor. 
Osgood. 

Our Saviour's Church — N. May., 
cor. W. Erie. 

St. John's Church — Cortez, cor., N. 
Humboldt boul. 

St. Mark's Church — Tripp, cor. Wa- 
bansia av. 

St. Matthew's Church — Dunning, 
cor. Ballou. 

St. Paul's Church — 596 W. North 
av. 

NORWEGIAN UNITED CHURCH. 

Bethel Church — ■ Humboldt, bet 
Cortland and Armitage av. 

Bethlehem Church — W. Huron, cor. 
N. Centre av. 

Christ Church — N. Kedzie av., cor. 
Milwaukee av. 

Covenant English Church — ■ Iowa, 
cor. N,. Robey. 

Emmaus Church — ■ N. Springfield 
av., n. e. cor. Iowa. 

Moreland Church — 2345 W. Indiana. 

Nazareth Church— 11727 Yale. 

St. Timothy — 1062 Tripp av. 

Trinity Church — Sherman av., cor. 
80th. 

Zion Church — N. Artesian av., cor. 
Potomac. 

BOHEMIAN. 

Zion's Mission — 19th and Johnson. 

ESTHISH. — 

Zion's Mission — 528 S. Marshfield 
av. 

FINNISH-SOUMI SYNOD. 

Soumi Church — ■ Loomis, cor. W. 
56th. 

Soumi Church — 130 Townsend. 

ICELANDIC NO SYNOD. 

Good Hope and Emigrant Mission. 

ITALIAN. 

Sancto Spiritu Church — Grand av. 

LETTISH. 

Zion's Church — 528 S. Marshfield av. 

POLISH. 

Holy Cross Church — W. Fullerton 
av., cor. N. Campbell av. 

OHIO SYNOD. 

Grace Church — 167 23d pi. 
St. Peter's and Paul's Church — 25 
W. 19th pi. 

Trinity Church — 9995 Oak av. 
Zion's Church — 9101 Superior av. 



CHU— CHU 



64 



CHU— CHU 



SLOVAKIAN SYNOD. 

Peace Church — N. Wood, cor. Iowa. 

St. Peter and St. Paul's Church — 
107 W. 19th. 

Trinity Church — N. May, cor. W. 
Huron. 

missions. — 

Congregation Sheerith Isreal (Luth- 
eran Mission to the Jews) — 264 S. 
Halsted. 

Home Missions for Afflicted Luth- 
erans — 816 Cornelia. 

Methodist Episcopal. 

Ada Street Church — Ada, bet. W. 
Lake and Fulton. 

Adams Street Church — W. Adams, 
cor. S. 42d av. 

Adriel Church — W. 31st, cor. S. 
4 2d av. 

Asbury Church — Parnell av., near 
W. 31st. 

Auburn Park Church — W. 75th, cor. 
Harvard av. 

Augusta Street Church — Augusta, 
cor. N. Washtenaw av. 

Austin Church — W. Ohio, cor. N. 
Central av. 

Avondale Church — N. Spaulding av. 
cor. W. George. 

Bethel Church — Ridgeway av., cor. 
Cullom av. 

Bowen Church — Byron, cor. Peer}'. 

Calumet Heights — 93d, cor. Paxton 
av. 

Centenary Church — W. Monroe, near 
S. Morgan. 

Chandler Church — W. 7 2d, cor. S. 
Carpenter. 

Chicago Lawn Church — W. 63d pi., 
cor. St. Louis av. 

Dekalb and Leavitt Streets Church. 

Douglas Park Church — ST Washte- 
naw av., s. w. 12th, 

Diversey Boulevard Church — Diver- 
sey boul., cor. Seminary av. 

Elsdon Church — W. 53d pi., s. w. 
cor. S. Homan av. 

Elsmere Church — N. Sawyer av., s. 
w. cor. Wabansia av. 

Englewood Church — W. 64th and 
Stewart av. 

Epworth Church — Kenmore av., cor. 
Berwyn av. 

Erie Street Church — W. Erie, cor. 
N. Robey. 

Evanston Avenue Church — Evans- 
ton av., n. w. cor. Buckingham pi. 

Fernwood Church — W. 101st, cor. 
Wallace. 

First Church — Clark, s. e. cor. 
Washington. 

Forty-Ninth Avenue Church. 

Forty-Seventh Street Church — W. 
47th, cor. S. Marshfield av. 

Fowler Church — Millard av., n. e. 
cor. W. 23d. 

French Church — 327 S. Centre av. 

Fulton Street Church— 891-893 Ful- 
ton, w. of Oakley av. 

Gage Park Church — 5225 S. Arte- 
sian av. 

Garfield Boulevard Church — Gar- 
field boul., cor. Emerald av. 

Garfield Park Church — Walnut, cor. 
N. Kedzie. 



Grace Church — La Salle av., cor. 
Locust. 

Granville Avenue Church — Gran- 
ville av., cor. Evanston av. 

Gross Park Church — N. Paulina av. 
cor. School. 

Halsted Street Church— 778 to 784 
S. Halsted. 

Hamlin Avenue Church — N. Ham- 
lin av., cor. W. Huron. 

Hermosa Church — Tripp av., cor. 
Dickens av. 

Humboldt Park Church — N. Talman 
av., cor. Lemoyne. 

Hyde Park Church — Washington 
av., cor. 54th. 

Ingleside Avenue Church — Ingle- 
side av., s. w. cor. 76th. 

Irving Park Church — N. 42d av., 
cor. W. Grace. 

Joyce Church — N. Seeley av., cor. 
Byron. 

Langle}' Avenue Church — Langley 
av., cor. 66th. 

Leavitt and Dekalb Street Church — 
Dekalb, bet. W. Polk and W. Taylor. 

Lincoln Street Church — S. Lincoln, 
s. e. cor. W. 22d pi. 

Lock Street Church — Lock, cor. 
Bonaparte. 

Loomis Street Church — Loomis, cor. 
W. 68th. 

Mandell Church — W. Congress, cor. 
S. 50th av. 

Mayfair Church — W. Wilson, cor. 
N. 47th av. 

McKinley Park Church — W. Ohio, 
cor. N. Central av. 

Merrill Church — S. Ashland av., 
cor. W. 55th boul. 

Normal Park Church — W. 70th, cor. 
Union av. 

Norwood Park Church — Crescent 
av., s. w. cor. Myrtle av. 

Oakland Church — Oakwood boul., s. 
w. cor. Langley av. 

Park Avenue Church — Park av., s. 
e. cor. S. Robey. 

Park Side Church — Washington av. 
near 71st. 

Paulina Street Church — S. Paulina, 
cor. W. 33d. 

Prospect Avenue Church — Prospect 
av., cor. W. 96th. 

Pullman Church — Casino Bldg., 
Pullman. 

Ravenswood Church — N. Hermitage 
av., cor. Sunnyside av. 

Rogers Park Church — N. Ashland 
av., n. w. cor. Greenleaf av. 

St. Andrew's Church — Wabash av., 
cor. 50th. 

St. James' Church — 46th, cor. Ellis 
av. 

St. John's Church — Jackson boul., 
cor. St. Louis av. 

St. Luke's Church — 1080 N. West- 
ern av. 

St. Mark's Church (Colored) — State 
near 47th. 

St. Paul's Church — Ashland boul., 
s. e. cor. W. Harrison. 

St. Stephen's Church — 11544 Michi- 
gan av. 



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Sacramento Avenue and Bethany 
Church — Sacramento av, cor. W. 
Adams. 

Sangamon Street Church — S. Sanga- 
mon, cor. W. 64th. 

Scott Chapel (Colored)-^618 Ful- 
ton. 

Seventy-seventh Street Church — 
Diles av, cor. 77th. 

Simpson Church — Princeton av., 
cor. W. 60th. 

South Chicago Church — 91st, cor. 
Houston av. 

South Deering Church — Torrence 
av., cor. 105th. 

South Englewood Church — W. 87th, 
cor. Emerald av. 

South Park Avenue Church — South 
Park av., cor. 33d. 

Stony Island Church — Washington 
av., cor. 83d. 

Thoburn Church — S. Paulina, cor. 
W. 64th. 

Trinity Church — Indiana av., s. e. 
cor. 30th. 

Union Avenue Church — Union av., 
cor. 43d. 

Vincent Church — 91st pi., cor. 
Langley av. 

Wabash Avenue Church — Wabash 
av., cor. 14th. 

Warren Church — S. 41st av., cor. 
Grerishaw. 

Wesley Church — N. Halsted, bet. 
Belden and Webster avs. 

West Pullman Church — W. 120th, 
cor. Butler. 

Western Avenue Church — S. West- 
ern av., cor. W. Monroe. 

Wicker Park Church — N. Robey, 
cor. Evergreen av. 

Willard Memorial Church — Doug- 
las Park boul., cor. S. St. Louis av. 

Woodlawn Park Church — Woodlawn 
av., cor. 64th. 

AFRICAN. 

Allen Chapel — Allen av., near Kim- 
ball av. 

Bethel Church — 30th, cor. Dearborn. 

Hyde Park People's Church — 5539 
Jefferson av. 

Quinn Chapel — Wabash av., cor. 
24th. 

St. John's Church — 63d, cor. Throop. 

St. Mary's Church — 4926 Dearborn. 

St. Stephen's Church — 682 Austin 
av. 

The Institutional Church— 3825 
Dearborn. 

Trinity Mission — 18th, near State. 

Wayman Chapel — 278 N. Franklin. 

AFRICAN M. E. ZION. 

Amos Chapel — 62d, cor. Elizabeth. 

Hyde Park Chapel — 5539 Jefferson 
av. 

Walter's Chapel — Dearborn, cor. 
38th. 

BOHEMIAN. 

First Church — Fisk, cor. W. 19th pi. 

Fourth Church — 1440 S. 4th ct. 

John Huss Church — W. 24th, cor. 
S. Sawyer av. 

Second Church — 4718 S. Hermitage 
av. 



GERMAN. 

Brighton Park Church — W. 36th, 
cor. Hamilton av. 

Centennial Church — Wellington, 
cor. Sheffield av. 

Center Street Church — Center av., 
cor. Dayton. 

First Clybourn Church — 51 Cly- 
bourn. 

Fourth Church — Augusta, near N. 
Robey. 

Immanuel Church — W. 2 2d, near S. 
Lincoln. 

Maxwell Street Church — Maxwell, 
near Newberry av. 

Memorial Church — Hancock, near 
McLean. 

Morgan Street Church — 5336 S. 
Morgan. 

Robey Street Church — 506 S. Robey. 

St. John's Church — 129 Powell av. 

Second Church — Princeton av., cor. 
28th. 

Wentworth Avenue Church — 3829 
Wentworth av. 

NORWEGIAN AND DANISH. 

Bethnia Church — N. Albany av., 
cor. Byron. 

Bethel Church — 72d, cor. Ingle- 
side av. 

Emmaus Church — W. North av., 
near N. 41st ct. 

First Church — Grand av., s. e. cor. 
N. Sangamon. 

Kedzie Avenue Church — N. Kedzie 
av., near Cortland. 

Maplewood Avenue Church — N. 
Maplewood av., cor. Lemoyne. 

Moreland Church — W. Ontario, near 
N. 51st av. 

SWEDISH. 

Austin Church — 

Bethany Church — N. Paulina, cor. 
Winnemac av. 

Elim Church — Barry av., cor. Os- 
good. 

Emanuel Church — W. 22d, cor. S. 
Irving av. 

Fifth Avenue Church — 33d, cor. 
5 th av. 

First Church — Orleans, cor. Oak. 

Forest Glen Church — Forest Glen 
av., n. w. cor. N. 50th ct. 

Hermosa Church — N. 43d av., cor. 
Cortland. 

Humboldt Park Church — N. Fair- 
field av., cor. Wabansia av. 

Madison Avenue Church — Madison 
av., near 55th. 

May Street Church — N. May, near 
W. Ohio. 

Pullman Church — Indiana av., s. w. 
cor. 113th. 

McKinley Park Church — S. Leavitt, 
near W. 36th. 

Moreland Church — W. Indiana, near 
N. 48th av. 

South Chicago Church — Exchange 
av., cor. 91st. 

Union Avenue' Church — Union av., 
cor. W. 60th. 

MISSIONS. 

Deaf Mute Mission (First Church) 
— 100 Washington. 

Italian Mission — 239 Ewing. 



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METHODIST PROTESTANT. 

First Methodist Protestant Church 
—7932 Chauncey av. 

FresUyterian. 

Avondale Church — Avondale. 

Austin Church — 

Belden Avenue Church — Belden av., 
cor. Seminary av. 

Bethany Church — Humboldt Park 
boul., near Cortland. 

Brighton Park Church — 39th and S. 
Francisco av. 

Brookline Church — 73d, s. w. cor. 
Jackson av. 

Buena Memorial Church — Sheridan 
rd., cor. Evanston. 

Calvary Church — W. Congress, cor. 
S. 42d av. 

Campbell Park Church — S. Leavitt, 
cor. W. Harrison. 

Central Park Church — S. Sacra- 
mento av., near cor. Warren av. 

Christ Church — Center, cor. Or- 
chard. 

Church of the Covenant — N. Hal- 
sted, s. e. cor. Belden av. 

Church of Providence — 1193 Shef- 
field av. 

Crerar Church — Prairie av., cor. 
57 th. 

Drexel Park Church — W. 64th, n. e. 
cor. S. Marshfield av. 

Edgewater Church — Kenmore av., 
cor. Bryn Mawr av. 

Eighth Church — Washington boul., 
n. w. cor. S. Robey. 

Eleventh Church — Crystal, cor. 
Washtenaw av. 

Emerald Avenue Church — Emerald 
av., cor. W. 67th. 

Endeavor Church — Cornelia, s. w. 
cor. N. Paulina. 

Faith Church — Cornelia, cor. Wil- 
low av. 

Fifty-second Avenue Church — N. 
52d av., cor. Fulton. 

First Church — Indiana av., cor. 21st. 

First Church of Englewood — W. 
64th, n. w. cor. Yale. 

Forty-first Street Church — Grand 
boul., cor. 41st. 

Fourth Church — Rush, cor. Supe- 
rior. 

Fullerton Avenue Church — Fuller- 
ton av., n. w. cor. Larrabee. 

Garfield Boulevard Church — W. Gar- 
field boul., cor. S. Halsted. 

Grace Church (Colored) — 3409 
Dearborn. 

Hebron Church (Welsh) — W. 
Adams, n. w. cor. S. Francisco av. 

Hope Church (Colored) — S. Peoria, 
near W. 62d. 

Hyde Park Church — Washington 
av., cor. 53d. 

Immanuel Church — Bonfield, cor. 
31st. 

Italian Church — 71 W. Ohio. 

Jefferson Park Church — W. Adams, 
cor. Throop. 

Lake View Church — Evanston av., 
cor. Addison. 

Logan Square Church — Kimball 
av., cor. W. Greenwood terrace. 



Marlboro Church — W. 68th, cor. S. 
Oakley av. 

Millard Avenue Church — Millard 
av., cor. W. 22d. 

Ninth Church — S. Ashland av., cor. 
Hastings. 

Normal Park Church — W. 69th, 
n. e. cor. Yale. 

Olivet Memorial Church — Penn, cor. 
Vedder. 

Onward Church — W. Ohio, cor. N. 
Leavitt. 

Pullman Church — Library Hall, 
Pullman. 

Ravenswood Church — Montrose av., 
cor. N. Hermitage av. 

Ridgeway Avenue Church — N. 
Ridgeway av., near W. Huron. 

Roseland Church — State, cor. W. 
112th. 

Roseland Central Church — 10952 
State. 

Scotch Westminster Church — S. 
Sangamon, cor. E. Adams. 

Second Church — Michigan av., n. w. 
cor. 20th. 

Seventh Church — S. Sangamon, near 
W. 86th pi. 

Sixth Church — Vincennes av., cor. 
36th. 

South Chicago Church — Exchange 
av., cor. 91st. 

South Park Church — 4817 Michigan 
av. 

Tenth Church — W. 46th, cor. Emer- 
ald av. 

Third Church — Ashland boul., cor. 
Ogden av. 

West Division Street Church— 336 
W. Division. 

Windsor Park Church — 76th, cor. 
Bond av. 

Woodlawn Park Church — 64th, s. w. 
cor. Kimbark av. 

MISSIONS. 

Association House Mission — 579 W. 
North av. 

Belden Chapel Mission — 819 Cly- 
bourn av. 

Bethlehem Chapel Mission — 5th av., 
cor. 52d. 

Bohemian Mission — 461 W. 18th. 

Chinese Missions — 122, E. Lake; 
N. Halsted, cor. Belden av.; 1725 W. 
12th; Michigan av., cor. 21st; War- 
ren av., cor. Robey. 

Christopher House Mission — 120 E. 
Fullerton av. 

Englewood First Church — 6552 
State. 

Erie Chapel — Erie, cor. Chapel. 

Belmont Avenue Chapel — Belmont 
av., near Clybourn av. 

Foster Mission — W. Jackson boul., 
s. w. cor. S. Peoria. 

Goodwill Mission — 183 W. Harrison. 

Granville Avenue Chapel — Perry, 
cor. Granville av. 

Italian Mission — Grand av., cor. N. 
Western av. 

Moseley Mission — 2529 Calumet. 

Persian Mission — Rush and Supe- 
rior. 

Railroad Chapel — 619 37th. 

Taylor Street Mission — W. Taylor, 
near S. Jefferson. 



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67 CHU— CHU 



IN 



REFORMED CHURCHES 
AMERICA. 

ENGLISH. 

Bethany Church— 400 W. 111th, 
Roseland. 

Englewood Second Church — W. 62d, 
cor. S. Green. 

Irving Park Church — 2490 N. 42d 
av. 

Norwood Park Church — Ceylon and 
Mulberry avs. 

Trinity Church — 440 S. Marshfleld 
av., bet. W. Polk and W. Taylor. 

HOLLAND. 

Englewood Church — W. 62d, cor. S. 
Peoria. 

First Church of Chicago — 196 Hast- 
ings. 

First Church of Gano — Clark, cor. 
117th. 

First Roseland Church — 10708 Mich- 
igan av. 

Northwestern Church — W. Superior, 
bet. N. Robey and N. Hoyne av. 
Reformed Church in the United 
States. 

Bohemian Church — S. Ashland av., 
cor. W. 19th. 

First German Church — 177 and 179 
Hastings. 

Grace Church — Jackson boul., cor. 
S. Washtenaw av. 

Hungarian Church — 9231 Houston 
av. 

St. Thomas Church — N. 50th av., 
n. e. cor. W. Grace. 

Third Friedens Church — 1330 Wel- 
lington. 

Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ 
of Latter Day Saints. 

South Side Church — 3615 Cottage 
Grove av. 

West Pullman Church — 748 W. 
119th. 

ROMAN CATHOLIC. 

Archbishop of Chicago — Most Rev. 
James Edward Quigley, D. D., 623 N. 
State. 

Chancellor — Rev. E. M. Dunne, 
D. D., 160 Cass. 

Rector — Cathedral of the Holy 
Name — Cor. N. State and Superior 
streets. Rev. M. J. Fitzsimmons, 311 
Superior st. 

All Saints' Church — Wallace, s. w. 
cor. 25th pi. 

Church of Notre Dame De Chicago 
(French) — Oregon av., cor. Sibley. 

Church of Our Lady of Good Coun- 
sel — 3528 S. Hermitage av. 

Church of Our Lady of Good Coun- 
sel — 447 N. Western av. 

Church of Our Lady of Lourdes — 
2709 N. Ashland av. 

Church of Our Lady of Lourdes 
(Bohemian) — S. 42d av., cor. W. 15th. 

Church of Our Lady of Mount Car- 
mel — Wellington, cor. Bissel. 

Church of Our Lady of Sorrows — 
W. Jackson boul., cor. S. Albany av. 

Church of Our Lady of the Angels 
— N. Hamlin, cor. Iowa. 

Church of the Assumption B. V. M. 
— N. Paulina, s. w. cor. Wabansia av. 



Church of the Assumption B. V. M. 
— Illinois, near Orleans. 

Church of the Assumption B. V. M. 
— 123d, cor. Parnell av. 

Church of the Assumption B. V. M. 
—1545 W. 22d. 

Church of the Blessed Sacrament — 
W. 2 2d, cor. S. Central Park av. 

Church of the Epiphany — 2188 W. 
26th. 

Church of the Holy Angels — 281 
Oakwood boul. 

Church of the Holy Cross — Jack- 
son av., cor. 66th. 

Church of the Holy Family — 413 
W. 12th. 

Church of the Holy Ghost — W. 
Adams, cor. S. 43d. 

Church of the Holy Guardian 
Angels — 178 Forquier. 

Church of the Holy Innocents — 457 
W. Superior. 

Church of the Holy Rosary — 113th, 
s. w. cor. South Park av. 

Church of the Holy Rosary — 249 N. 
Western av. 

Church of the Nativity of Our Lord 
— 37th, cor. Union. 

Church of the Presentation — 
Springfield av., cor. Lexington. 

Church of the Providence of God — 
166 W. 18th. 

Church of the Sacred Heart — W. 
19th, s. e. cor. Johnson. 

Church of the Sacred Heart — W. 
70th, cor. Johnson. 

Church of the Visitation — Garfield 
boul., cor. S. Peoria. 

Corpus Christi Church — Grand boul., 
cor. 49th. 

Holy Trinity Church — S. Lincoln, 
cor. W. Taylor. 

Holy Trinity Church — 540 Noble. 

Immaculate Conception B. V. M. 
Church — Bonfield, cor. 31st. 

Immaculate Conception B. V. M. 
Church — Commercial av., n. w. cor. 
88th. 

Our Lady Help of Christians — Iowa, 
cor. N. 51st. 

Our Lady of Hungary Church — 
9241 Chauncy av. 

Our Lady of Perpetual Help 
Church — St. Louis av., cor. W. 13th 
Pi. 

Our Lady of Wilna Church — 1120 S. 
Leavitt. 

Sancta Maria Icoronata Church — 
16 Alexander. 

St. Adalbert's Church — W. 17th, 
cor. S. Paulina. 

St. Agatha's Church — Douglas boul., 
and S. Kedzie av. 

St. Agnes' Church — S. Washtenaw 
av. and W. 39th. 

St. Agnes' Church — S. Central Park 
av., cor. W. 27th. 

St. Ailbe Church — N. Claremont av., 
cor. Lemoyne. 

St. Alphonsus' Church — Southport 
av., cor. Wellington. 

St. Ambrose Church — Ellis av., cor. 
47th. 

St. Andrew's Church — Addison, cor. 
N. Paulina. 

St. Ann's Church — S. Leavitt, n. w, 
cor. 18th pi. 



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St. Anne's Church— W. Garfield 
boul., cor. Wentworth av. 

St. Anthony Church — 2459 Kensing- 
ton av. 

St. Anthony of Padua Church — S. 
Canal, s. e. cor. 24th pi. 

St. Augustine's Church — Laflin, cor. 
W. 51st. 

St. Basil's Church — 5311 S. Ash- 
land av. 

St. Benedict's Church — Irving Park 
boul., cor. N. Leavitt. 

St. Bernard's Church — 66th, cor. 
Stewart a v. 

St. 'Boniface's Church — Cornell, cor. 
Noble. 

St. Brendan's Church — W. 67th, cor. 
Centre av. 

St. Bride's Church — 7839 Bond av. 

St. Bridget's Church — Archer av., 
cor. Church pi. 

St. Casimir's Church — W. 22d, cor. 
S. Whipple. 

St. Catharine of Genoa Church — 
118th, cor. Lowe av. 

St. Catharine of Sienna Church — 
Washington boul., cor. Park av. 

St. Cecelia's Church — W. 45th, cor. 
5 th av. 

St. Charles Borromeo's Church — W. 
12th, cor. Cypress. 

St. Clara's Church — 64th, cor. 
Woodlawn av. 

St. Clement's Church — 1710 Deal- 
ing pi. 

St. Columbia's Church — 13309 Green 
Bay. 

St. Coumbkill's Church — N. Paulina, 
cor. Grand av. 

St. Cyril's Church — 64th, cor. Star 
av. 

St. David's Church — 32d, cor. Union 
av. 

St. Dionysius' Church — Hawthorne. 

St. Dominic's Church — 121 Sedg- 
wick. 

St. Edward's Church — N. 44th av., 
cor. Sunnyside av. 

St. Elizabeth's Church — 41st, cor. 
Wabash av. 

St. Finbarr's Church — 639 Harding 
av. 

St. Florian's Church — 133d, cor. 
Green Bay av. 

St. Francis of De Sales Church — 
Ewing av., cor. 102d. 

St. Francis of Assisium Church — 
W. 12th, cor. Newberry av. 

St. Francis Xavier Church — 299 
Warsaw av. 

St. Gabriel's Church — W. 45th, cor. 
Sherman. 

St. Gall's Church — W. 52d, cor. 
Turner av. 

St. Genevieve's Church — N. 50th, 
cor. N. Hermitage av. 

St. George's Church — Auburn av., 
cor. 32d pi. 

St. George's Church — Wentworth 
av., near W. 39th. 

St. George's Church — 96th, cor 
Ewing av. 

St. Gregory's Church — 764 Bryn 
Mawr av. 

St. Hedwig's Church — Webster av., 
cor. Devon av, 



St. Hyacinth's Church— 826 W. 
George. 

St. Ita's Church — Magnolia av., 
cor. 29th. 

St. Jarlath's Church — S. Hermi- 
tage av. 

St. Jerome's Church — Morse av., 
cor. N. Paulina. 

St. Joachim Church — 91st, cor. 
Langley av. 

St. John's Berchman's Church — 
1864 Humboldt boul. 

St. John's Cantius Church — N. Car- 
penter, cor. Chicago av. 

St. John Nepomucenes Church — 
25th, cor. Princeton av. 

St. John the Baptist Church — 96 
Sherman. 

St. John the Baptist Church — W. 
50th pi., cor. S. Peoria. 

St. John's Church — 18th, cor. Clark. 

St. Josaphat's Church — Belden av., 
cor. Southport av. 

St. Joseph's Church — S. California 
av., cor. 38th pi. 

St. Joseph's Church — Orleans, cor. 
Hill. 

St. Joseph's Church — W. 48th, cor. 
S. Paulina. 

St. Joseph's Church — 8812 Mar- 
quette av. 

St. Kevin's Church — 10513 Torrence 
av. 

St. Kilian's Church — W. 87th, cor. 
S. Green. 

St. Laurence's Church — 73d, cor. 
Madison av. 

St. Leo's Church — W. 78th, cor. Em- 
erald av. 

St. Louis's Church — 11709 State. 

St. Ludmilla's Church— W. 24th, 
cor. S. Albany av. 

St. Malachy's Church — Walnut, cor. 
N. Western av. 

St. Margaret's Church — W. 99 th, 
cor. Throop. 

St. Mark's Church — N. Campbell 
av., cor. Thomas. 

St. Marin's Church — W. 59th, cor. 
Princeton av. 

St. Mary of Mt. Carmel Church — 
67th, cor. Page. 

St. Mary's Church — Wabash av., 
cor. Eldredge ct. 

St. Mary's of Czestochowa Church 
— 30th, cor. Linden av. 

St. Mary's of the Lake Church — 
Sheridan rd., cor. Edgcomb pi. 

St. Mathew's Church — Walnut, cor. 
N. Francisco av. 

St. Matthias' Church — Ainslie, cor. 
N. Claremont av. 

St. Mauritus' Church — 36th, cor. S. 
Hoyne av. 

St. Mel's Church — Washington boul., 
cor. S. 43d av. 

St. Michael Archangel Church — W. 
24th pi., near S. Western. 

St. Michael Archangel Church — W. 
48th, cor. S. Winchester av. 

St. Michael's Church — Eugenie, cor. 
Cleveland av. 

St Michael's Church — Wabansia 
av., cor. N. Paulina. 

St. Michael's Church — 83d, cor. On- 
tario av. 



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69 



St. Monica's Church — 36th, cor. 
Dearborn. 

St. Nicolas' Church — 113th pi., cor. 
State. 

St. Patrick's Church — Commercial 
av., cor. 95th. 

St. Patrick's Church — S. Desplaines, 
cor. W. Adams. 

St. Paul's Church — W. 2 2d pi., s. w. 
cor. S. Hoyne av. 

St. Peter's Church — Clark, cor. 
Polk. 

St. Philip Benizi Church — Gault ct., 
cor. Division. 

St. Philomena's Church — Cortland, 
s. e. cor. N. 41st ct. 

St. Pius' Church — S. Ashland av., 
s. e. cor. W. 19th. 

St. Procopius' Church — Allport, cor. 
W. 18th. 

St. Raphael's Church — W. 60th, 
cor. Justine. 

St. Rita of Cassia Church — W. 63d, 
cor. S. Oakley av. 

St. Rose of Lima Church — S. Ash- 
land av., n. e. cor. W. 48th. 

St. Salomea's Church — 118th, cor. 
Indiana av. 

St. Stanislaus Church — 53d ct., cor. 
Belden av. 

St. Stephen's Church — N. Sanga- 
mon, cor. W. Ohio. 

St. Stephen's Church — W. 22d pi., 
n. e. cor. S. Lincoln. 

St. Sylvester's Church — 895 N. 
Humboldt. 

St. Teresa's Church — Center, cor. 
Osgood. 

St. Thomas' Church — 55th, cor. 
Kimbark av. 

St. Veronica Church — 1972 N. Al- 
bany av. 

St. Viator's Church — W. Belmont 
av., cor. N. 40th av. 

St. Vincent de Paul's Church — 
Webster av., cor. Sheffield av. 

St. Vitus' Church — S. Paulina, cor. 
W. 18th pi. 

St. Wenceslas' Church — 173 De- 
Koven. 

St. Willebrod's Church — 11406 
Curtis. 

SS. Cyril and Methodius Church — 
W. 50th, cor. S. Hermitage. 

SS. Peter and Paul's Church — 331 
91st. South Chicago. 

SS. Peter and Paul's Church — W. 
37th, cor. S. Ashland av. 

Polish Catholic National Diocese of 
Chicago. 

All Saint's Church — 17 Lubeck. 

Church of the Holy Cross — Auburn, 
cor. 32d. 

St. Joseph Church — West side 
Houston av., south of 134th. 

SALVATION ARMY, 
Department of the West — Terri- 
torial headquarters, 395 to 399 State. 

CORPS. 

Chicago 1 — 553 W. Madison. 

Chicago 2 — 78 35th. 

Chicago 3 — 974 W. Madison. 

Chicago 4 — 7087 South Chicago av. 

Chicago 5 — 787 W. North av. 

Chicago 6 — 6316 Wentworth av. 



CHU— CHU 

Chicago 8 — 399 State. 

Chicago 9 — 3928 State. 

Chicago 12 — 1771 N. Ashland av. 

Chicago 14 — 6337 S. Halsted. 

Chicago 22 — 45 N. 48th av. 

Chicago 28—362 Clark (Slum). 

Chicago 33—906 N. Halsted. 

SCANDINAVIAN. 

Chicago 7 — 1923 Clark. 
Chicago 10 — 8931 Buffalo av. 
Chicago U — 3120 5th av. 
Chicago 13 — 136 Oak. 
Chicago 15 — 837 W. Division. 
Chicago 16 — 1240 59th. 
Chicago 21—2566 111th. 
Chicago 31 (Norwegian) — 281 W. 
Erie. 

SOCIAL WORK. 

Industrial Department — Industrial 
warehouse, rear 411 W. Harrison; 
industrial store, No. 1, 2938 State; 
No. 2, 409 W. Harrison; No. 3, 321 
W. Chicago av; No. 4, 102 Clybourn 
av. ; No. 5, 2349 Wentworth av.; No. 6, 
387 Blue Island av. ; No. 7, 3150 S. 
Halsted; No. 8, 114 Fullerton av.; 
No. 10, 1412 W. 51st; No. 11, 11528 
Michigan av. 

Workingmen's Hotels — "Reliance," 
397 State; "Evangeline," 387 Clark; 
"Harbor Lights," 118 W. Madison; 
"The Beacon," 515 State; "New Cen- 
tury," 306 State. 

Rescue Home — 19 Lane pi. 

Maternity Hospital — 21 Lane pi. 

SPIRITUAL. 

Band of Harmony — Meets 309 Ma- 
sonic Temple. 

Biblical Spiritual Society — Meets 
at 56th, cor. Madison av. 

Bund Harmonie No. 2 — 414 Wave- 
land av. 

Christian Spiritualists — Vanburen 
Opera House. 

Church of All Souls — 220 S. West- 
ern av. 

Church of Occult Scientists — Meets 
at 3514 Vincennes av. 

Church of Progressive Spiritualists 
(Colored) — 3329 Vernon av. 

Church of Spiritual Revelation — 
5963 S. Halsted. 

Church of the Psychic Forces — 
361 43d. 

Church of the Soul — 309 Masonic 
Temple. 

Church of the Spiritual Truth — 362 
Milwaukee av. 

Divine Spiritual Church — Hygenia 
Hall, 406 Ogden av. 

First German Spiritual Association 
of the West Side — Cor. S. Ashland 
av. and W. 13th. 

Fraternal Order of Spiritualists — 
Hygeia Hall, 406 Ogden av. 

Golden Rule Spiritualistic Society 
43 S. Paulina. 

Hyde Park Occult Society — 319 
55th. 

Light of Truth Church — 528 W. 
63d. 

Light and Truth Spiritualist So- 
ciety (German) — 197 W. Division. 

Metropolitan Spiritual Society — 
434 31st. 



CHU— CHU 



70 



CHU-CIT 



North Halsted Street Spiritual 
Church (German) — 448 Larrabee. 

North Star Spiritual Union — 1546 
Milwaukee a v. 

Occult Scientists — 3514 Vincennes 
av. 

Progressive Society — 183 North av. 

Roseland Spiritual Culture Club — 
11256 Michigan av. 

Spiritual Harmony Church — 40 31st. 

Spiritualist Society, Bund Der 
Wahrheit — No. 18, 1071 Lincoln av. 

Spiritualistic Church of the Stu- 
dents of Nature — W. Madison, n. w. 
cor. S. California. 

Starlight Spiritual Society — 586 32d. 

Temple Light and Truth — 370 Wa- 
bansia av. 

Universal Occult Society — 77 31st. 

Swedenborgian (New Church). 

Chicago Society of the New Jeru- 
salem — 501 Masonic Temple. 

Englewood Church — 70th, cor. Stew- 
art av. 

Humboldt Park Church — N. Cali- 
for av., cor. Lemoyne. 

Immanuel Church — 434 Carroll av. 

Kenwood Church — 46th, cor. Wood- 
lawn av. 

North Side Church — 1210 Sheridan 
road. 

Unitarian. 

Church of the Messiah — Michigan 
boul., s. e. cor. 23d. 

First Swedish Church — 1631 N. 
Clark st. 

Memorial Chapel — Woodlawn av., 
n. w. cor. 57th. 

Third Unitarian Church — W. Mon- 
roe, west of Kedzie. 

Unity Church — rBarry av., near 
Evanston av. 

United Brethren. 

Grace Church — Ellis av., cor. 42d. 
Weaver Memorial Church — N. Ked- 
zie av., cor Dickens. 

United Presbyterian. 

Cuyler Church — Cuyler av., cor. 
Robey. 

Fifth Church — S. Central Park av., 
cor. W. Congress. 

First Church — Leland av., n. w. 
cor. Lincoln. 

Foster Avenue Church — Foster av., 
cor. Claremont av. 

Garfield Boulevard Church — W. 
Garfield boul., cor. Throop. 

Second Church — W. 65th, cor. Par- 
nell av. 

Third Church — 46th, cor. Evans av. 

Woodlawn Park Church — 62d, cor. 
Woodlawn av. 

Universalist. 

Church of the Redeemer — Warren 
av., n. e. cor. S. Robey. 

Ryder Chapel — Woodlawn Park. 

St. Paul's Church — Prairie av., opp. 
30th. 

Volunteers of America. 

Department of the Northwest — 31, 
184 Dearborn. 

Chicago Post No. 1 — 416 and 418 
W. Madison. 



Chicago Post No. 3 — 767 W. 63d. 

Chicago Post No. 4 — 1325 Benson 
av. 

Free Sewing School — 422 Washing- 
ton boul. 

Hope Hall, No. 3 — 2267 W. Ravens- 
wood Park. 

Workingmen's Homes — No. 1, 91 S. 
Des plaines; No. 2, 296 S. Clark. 

Relief Branches — No. 1, 124 W. 
Erie; No. 2, 4609 Wentworth av.; No. 
3, 422 Randolph; No. 4, 283 Blue 
Island av. 

Young Woman's Home — 422 Wash- 
ington boul. 

Provident Department — 422 W. 
Randolph. 

Employment Bureau — 424 W. Ran- 
dolph. 

Preparatory School — 650 W. 61st pi. 

Miscellaneous Churches. 

American Oriental Church — 388 
Dearborn. 

Bohemian Congregation of Free 
Thinkers — 400 W. 18th. 

Brethren Church — 1076 W. Polk. 

Chicago Central Meeting of Friends 
— 26 Van Buren. 

Chicago Hebrew Mission — 22 Solon. 

Chicago Sailors' Mission Gospel 
Ship and Home — 924 S. Halsted. 

Chicago Theosophical Society — 
426-28 Van Buren. 

Church of God in Chicago — 406 W. 
74 th. 

Church of the New Thought and 
College of the Science of Being — 728, 
203 Michigan. 

Evangelical Italian Protestant Mis- 
sion — 256 Grand av. 

Friends' Church — 4411 Indiana av. 

Gospel Hall — 2674 W. Chicago av. 

Halsted Street Institutional Church 
—778 S. Halsted. 

Hoyne Avenue Mennonite Mission 
— 3301 S. Hoyne av. 

Kirkland Mission — 122 S. Halsted. 

Life Boat Mission — 4"71 State. 

Mennonite Gospel Mission — 562 
26 th. 

Mennonite Home Mission — 145 W. 
18th. 

Messianic Brotherhood — 913 Ma- 
sonic Temple. 

Pacific Garden Mission — 100 Van 
Buren. 

Church Home for Aged Persons. 

— Number 4327 Ellis avenue. Can 
be reached by Cottage Grove ave- 
nue electric line. This institution 
is in a flourishing condition and 
doing a good work. 

City Autos. — Too much "high" 
life may be the undoing of the pol- 
icy of permitting certain depart- 
ments of the city administration to 
use automobiles in the discharge of 
official duties. A discovery of the 
social uses to which many of the 
machines have been put at night 



CIT— CIT 

has resulted in a proposal to the 
city council's finance committee to 
refuse appropriations for the sup- 
port of all but the most necessary 
"buzz" wagons this year. 

The city has purchased fourteen 
touring cars and runabouts in the 
last four years for city depart- 
ments, at a cost of $16,000. It re- 
quires $30,000 a year to maintain 
them. The city is feeling more 
than ordinary poor this year and 
is looking for every possible 
chance to economize. 

The automobiles owned by the 
city and the departments to which 
they are assigned follows: 

Number 
autos. 

Police department 2 

Fire department 2 

Health department 1 

City physician 1 

Board of local improvements... 2 
Commission of public works.... 1 

Bureau of streets 1 

Bureau of engineering 1 

Small park commission 1 

Department of track elevation. . . 1 
Council committee 1 

City Hall.— The old City Hall, 
which cost several millions, erect- 
ed shortly after the great fire of 
1871, is a thing of the past. It 
was recently razed and on the site 
a new City Hall is being erected. 
In design an exact duplicate of its 
neighbor the new and magnificent 
County Building recently com- 
pleted. These two buildings will 
cost $10,000,000. 

City of the Future.— A scientist, 
discussing harbor improvement in 
a statistical manner, observes that 
"a very modest estimate for the 
end of the present century would 
make Chicago a city of ten million 
inhabitants." By an estimate quite 
as modest, based upon the experi- 
ence of practically all American 
cities, we may say that the Chicago 
of the year 1909 will have created 
wealth to the amount of at least 
twenty billion dollars, and will be 
at her wits' ends to get hold of 
enough money to pay her police- 
men and sweep her streets. 



71 CIT— CIT 

Nothing else known to man cre- 
ates wealth as rapidly as a modern 
city. Hardly anything else has so 
much trouble to get enough money 
to keep house with. The simple 
accumulation of inhabitants, op- 
erating automatically, will raise 
the rental value of real estate 
many fold. The descendants in 
the second generation of two small 
children, now at school in Eng- 
land, may, in 1999, be drawing ev- 
er}-' quarter in rent from certain 
downtown lots more money than 
their grandfather paid for the fee 
of the lots. Neither they, nor their 
parents, nor their grandparents 
may ever have set eyes on those 
lots, or exerted themselves by so 
much as the lifting of a finger to 
enchance their value, or even be 
definitely aware whether Chicago 
is in the United States or in Af- 
rica. 

The value of real estate in New 
York has increased about three 
billion dollars in ten years. The 
city itself did that just by growing. 
It will continue to do it as long as 
it continues to grow. Meanwhile, 
its own income derived from taxes 
on this real estate, has increased 
twenty million dollars, or less than 
one per cent of the increased value 
which it has created. Incidentally, 
while the value of personal prop- 
erty in the city has doubtless 
doubled, the value of the person- 
alty which is assessed for taxation 
has actually declined. 

City Offices — Location. — Lehman 
Building, 202-206 East Randolph 
street: 

First Floor. 
Detective headquarters and chief 

of detectives. 
Assistant superintendent of police. 
Secretary police department. 
Custodian police department. 
Fire marshal, fire department. 

Second Floor. 
City Council chamber. 
City Council committee rooms. 
Finance committee rooms. 
City Press Association. 
Third Floor. 
Board of local improvements. 



CIT— CIT 



72 



CIT— CIT 



Superintendent of special assess- 
ments. 
Bureau of sidewalks. 
Special assessment rebates. 

Fourth Floor. 
Civil Service commission. 
Compensation bureau. 
House moving and sidewalks. 
Bureau of sewers. 
Bureau of streets. 

Fifth Floor. 
City comptroller. 
Commissioner of health. 
City auditor. 
City paymaster. 
City real estate agent. 
Special park commission. 
Track-elevation department. 
Bureau of statistics and municipal 

library. 

Sixth Floor. 
Corporation counsel. 
Law department of Board of Local 

Improvements. 
Police pension board. 
Traction expert. 

Seventh Floor. 
Mayor's office. 

Commissioner of public works. 
Chief of police. 
Auditor of department of public 

works. 
City business agent. 

Eighth Floor. 
City engineer. 

Bureau of bridges and harbors. 
Cement inspector. 
Water-pipe extension. 

Assessors' Building, 82 Fifth ave- 
nue. 

First Floor. 
City collector. 

Second Floor. 
City clerk. 
City treasurer. 

Third Floor. 
Building department. 
Police department photographer. 
Bureau of police records. 
Superintendent of horses, police 
department. 

Fourth Floor. 
City electrician. 
Gas inspector. 
Bureau of maps. 



Galbraith Building, 215 East 

Madison street. 

Third Floor. 

Secretary of health department. 

Division of contagious diseases. 

Burial permits. 

Bureau of sanitary inspection. 

Information office of health depart- 
ment. 

Fourth Floor. 

Assistant commissioner of health. 

City laboratory. 

Hamilton National Bank Build- 
ing, 80 La Salle street. 
Basement. 
Battery room, fire alarm and tele- 
graph. 

First Floor. 
Superintendent bureau of water. 
Cashier bureau of water. 
Meter division bureau of water. 
Shut-off division bureau of water. 
Water inspection bureau of water. 

Third Floor. 
Office of fire alarm and telegraph. 
Journal Building, 117-125 Mar- 
ket street. 

Fifth Floor. 
Department of weights and meas- 
ures. 
Board of examiners of plumbers. 
Board of examining engineers. 
City architect. 

Sixth Floor. 
Examination rooms of Civil Serv- 
ice commission. 

Reaper Block, 95-97 Clark Street. 
Smoke and boiler inspector, first 
floor. 

Rand McNally Building, 158-174 

Adams Street. 
Board of election commissioners, sec- 
ond floor. 

First National Bank Building, 119 

Monroe Street. 
City attorney, room 822. 

Ashland Block, 99 Clark Street. 
Prosecuting attorney, room 513. 

City Rebuilt on Grander Scale.— 

The ashes were still smoking when 
the reconstruction of the New Chi- 
cago began in 1871. Within two 
years the entire downtown district 
was rebuilt on a grander scale than 



CIT— CIT 73 

would have been dreamed of but 
for the fire itself. Frame buildings 
were replaced with brick structures 
of imposing appearance and archi- 
tectural beauty. The cost of con- 
struction, owing to the high prices 
of material and labor for some 
years after the fire, was materially 
increased, and the panic of 1873, 
coming so soon in the wake of the 
conflagration, had a tendency to 
discourage extensive building op- 
erations. 

For nearly ten years after the 
panic little building of large struc- 
tures were indulged in, but in the" 
'80's the work began with renewed 
vigor. In the '90s the amount of 
money annually expended for new 
buildings was far in excess of that 
used the first year after the fire. 

Since 1890 there has been an 
enormous increase in building op- 
erations in Chicago. The improved 
methods of construction; the scarc- 
ity of frontage, which necessitated 
taller buildings, brought into being 
the sky-scrapers which now line 
the principal streets and whose 
cornices are lost to view in the 
heights above. These immense 
buildings, most of which have been 
erected within the last ten years, 
and many of which house more 
souls daily than the population of 
4,170 that lived in the entire com- 
munity in 1837 when Chicago be- 
came a city, are the wonder and 
admiration of every visitor. Since 
1900 more than 60,000 buildings, 
valued at nearly $450,000,000, have 
been erected in Chicago to house 
the ever-growing population, and 
to provide its manufactures and 
manifold industries with shelter 
against the elements. 

City's Most Crowded Block.— 

In the block bounded by Thirty- 
fourth place, Mosspratt street, 
Thirty-second place and Morgan 
street, is the most crowded resi- 
dential place in Chicago. One flat 
had when the census enumerator 
paid his visit, 63 inhabitants, and 
there are about 674 Poles, 692 Ger- 
mans, 29 Bohemians, 720 Russians 
and 25 native-born Americans, 



CIT— CLO 

City's Most Crowded Corner.— 
Near the center of the Loop Dis- 
trict, the intersection of State and 
Madison streets, and about in the 
middle of the downtown shopping 
district, is known as the most 
crowded street crossing in the city. 
The crowds of people and vehicles 
pass this corner in almost solid 
masses. 

Civil Service.— The Chicago Civil 
Service law went into effect Au- 
gust 25, 1895. The total number 
of applicants examined in 1895 was 
2,091; in 1896, 4,411; in 1897, 14,- 
203; in 1898, 10,477; in 1899, 9,233; 
in 1900, 7,962; in 1901, 6.031; in 
1902, 1,363; in 1903, 1,874; in 1904, 
4,812; in 1905, 3,808; in 1906, 13,- 
289; in 1907, 10,167. Between 70 
and 80 per cent of the applicants 
pass the examinations. 

A daily "efficiency" record is kept 
of all persons employed by the city 
under authority of the Civil Serv- 
ice commission. In all promotional 
examinations credit is given for 
efficiency as shown by these rec- 
ords, which are kept under the 
heads "attendance," "industry" and 
"quality of work and deportment." 

For the city police department 
an additional record has been in- 
troduced, by which credit may be 
given to police officers for "crim- 
inal arrests and disposal," "saving 
of life or property" and "other 
courageous acts." 

Clerk of Circuit Court.— There 
are employed in this office about 
70 persons and the total salaries 
per year amounts to $89,000. The 
total receipts amount to about 
$70,000 per year. During the past 
year 5,643 suits were commenced 
and 11,074 disposed of. There were 
378 pauper cases. In the juvenile 
court a branch of the circuit court, 
2,935 cases were docketed during 
the past year. 

"Closed" Hours on Bridges. — 
Following are the hours when the 
bridges of Chicago are closed to 
river traffic: Bridges on the main 
river, on the south branch as far 
south as Twelfth street and on the 
north branch to Kinzie street, 6:?0 



CLU— CLU 74 

to 8:30 a. m. and 5 to 7 p. m.; 
across the north branch to Halsted 
street and on the south branch 
from Twelfth street to Halsted 
street, 6 to 7 a. m. and 5:30 to 6:30 
p. m.; all other bridges from 6 to 
7 a. m. and 6 to 7 p. m. 

Clubs. — They are not as numer- 
ous in proportion in Chicago as 
they are in New York and London; 
but the increased membership 
among the leading and desirable 
clubs seems to indicate that club 
life is rapidly growing in favor in 
Chicago. The following is a list of 
the principal clubs: 

Appomattox Club, 3144 Wabash 
avenue. 

Apollo (musical), 199 Wabash 
avenue. 

Athletic Association, 61 Arcade 
Building, Pullman. 

Bankers, 135 Adams street. 

Buena, 1188 Sheridan road. 

Builders, 412 Chamber of Com- 
merce. 

Calumet, Twentieth street and 
Michigan avenue. 

Caxton, 203 Michigan avenue. 

Chicago Association of Com- 
merce, 77 Jackson boulevard. 

Charlevoix, 6027 Indiana avenue. 

Chicago, Michigan avenue and 
Van Buren street. 

Chicago Athletic Association, 125 
Michigan avenue. 

Chicago Automobile, 15 Plymouth 
court. 

Chicago Bar Association, 100 
Washington street. 

Chicago Business Women's, 228 
South Clark street. 

Chicago Historical Society, 142 
Dearborn avenue. 

Chicago Yacht, Grant Park, foot 
of Monroe street. 

Church Club of Chicago, Masonic 
Temple. 

City Club, 228 South Clark street. 

Citizens' Federation, 520, 124 La 
Salle street. 

Colonial, 4445 Grand boulevard. 

Columbia Yacht, foot of Ran- 
dolph street. 

Dearborn, 125 Dearborn street. 

Edgewater Country Club, 837 
Winthrop avenue. 



CLU— CLU 

Edgewater Golf, Devon and Ev 
anston avenues. 

Elks, 163 Washington street. 

Englewood Men's, 6323 Harvard 
avenue. 

Englewood Women's, 6323 Har- 
vard avenue. 

Evanston Golf Club. 

Fortnightly, 203 Michigan ave- 
nue. 

Germania Mannerchor, 643 North 
Clark street. 

Hamilton, Clark and Monroe 
streets. 

Highland Park, Highland Park. 

Hoffman, 114 Monroe street. 

Illinois, 154 Ashland boulevard. 

Illinois Athletic, 145 Michigan 
avenue. 

Iroquois, 200 Clark street. 

Jackson Park Golf, Jackson Park. 

Jackson Park Yacht, 207 Sixty- 
ninth street. 

Kenwood, Forty-seventh street 
and Lake avenue. 

Kenwood Country, Forty-eighth 
street and Ellis avenue. 

Klio Association, 4 Monroe street. 

Lakeside, Forty-second street 
and Grand boulevard. 

Lake View, Lake Shore Drive. 

Lincoln, 1215 Washington boule- 
vard. 

Lincoln Cycling, 390 Dearborn 
avenue. 

Lincoln Park, 390 Dearborn ave- 
nue. 

Marquette, Dearborn avenue and 
Maple street. 

Menoken, 1196 Washington 
boulevard. 

Merchants', 817, 108 La Salle 
street. 

Mid-day, First National Bank 
Building. 

North-West, 140 Evergreen ave- 
nue. 

Northwestern Athletic Field, Ev- 
anston. 

Oaks, Lake street and Waller 
avenue. 

Onwentsia. Lake Forest. 
Press, 104 Madison street. 
Quadrangle, Fifty-eighth street 
and Lexington avenue. 

Saddle and Cycle, Sheridan road 
and Foster avenue. 



CLU— COL 

Sheridan, Forty-first street and 
Michigan avenue. 

South Shore Country Club, Sev- 
enty-first and Yates avenue. 

Standard, Twenty-fourth street 
and Michigan avenue. 

S'kokie Club grounds, Glencoe. 

Swedish Glee, 470 La Salle street. 

Union, 12 Washington place. 

Union League, Jackson boule- 
vard and Custom House place. 

Unity, 3140 Indiana avenue. 

University Club, 116 Dearborn 
street. 

Wanderer Cricket and Athletic, 
Seventy-first street and East End 
avenue. 

Washington Park, Sixty-fourth 
street and Woodlawn avenue. 

Washington Park Golf, Sixty- 
fourth street and Woodlawn ave- 
nue. 

Waunanseh, 4045 Drexel boule- 
vard. 

Women's Athletic, 150 Michigan 
avenue. 

West End Women's, 132 Ashland 
boulevard. 

Woodlawn Park, Sixty-fourth 
street and Woodlawn avenue. 

Y. M. C. A., 153 La Salle street. 

Y. W. C. A., 288 Michigan boule- 
vard. 

Coal Mart. — Chicago sustains its 
reputation of being one of the 
greatest if not the largest coal marts 
in the world. 

The receipts of coal by water 
during the year aggregated 1,011,- 
170 tons hard and 518,818 tons soft. 
The sales amounted to $40,000,000, 
as against $53,080,000 for the pre- 
vious year. 

Coliseum. — Located on Wabash 
avenue, between Fourteenth and 
Sixteenth streets, and occupying 
the former site of the Libby Prison 
building. A structure of enormous 
size, the largest assembly hall in 
the city, with a seating capacity 
of over 15,000, the Coliseum is the 
last and most accessible of three 
structures, the first two built on 
Sixty-third street, and lasting but 
a short time each, one collapsing 
and the other being destroyed by 
fire. The Chicago Coliseum Com- 



75 COL— COL 

pany, of which Charles F. Gunther 
is a leading light, decided to locate 
on the Libby Prison lot, and their 
big building was completed in rec- 
ord time and in shipshape fashion. 
It is built of yellow pressed brick, 
with a gray stone front, lofty roof, 
and immense galleries. Since its 
completion, it has been idle hardly 
a day, shows of every imaginable 
kind eagerly seeking a chance to 
occupy the great roomy edifice, one 
of the sights of the city, and ac- 
cessible by Wabash avenue, In- 
diana avenue and State street cars, 
the South Side "L" road, and the 
Illinois Central Railway. 

Madison Square Garden, in New 
York, is the only similar hall in 
the country of larger seating ca- 
pacity. The first and second Coli- 
seums were much larger buildings, 
but the present structure answers 
all needs, and completely fills the 
lot on which it stands. 

Columbus Caravels. — Models of 
the three boats, Nina, Pinta and 
Santa Maria, which brought Co- 
lumbus and his men on the first 
voyage of discovery to the New 
World, will be found at Jackson 
Park in the south lagoon. 

Columbus Memorial Building.— 

Located on Washington and State 
streets. This building was erected 
during the World's Fair, in 1892, 
and the name Columbus was se- 
lected to make the structure a 
memorial to the great discoverer. 
A statue of Columbus, in bronze, 
is placed over the main entrance, 
and the entire entrance is of or- 
namental metal work. Inside the 
door the names of Columbus and 
of the two commanders of his 
ships appear on the floor, and on 
the left wall are arched panels in 
mosaic, setting forth historical 
facts concerning the Genoese. The 
building is almost exclusively oc- 
cupied by physicians and jewelers, 
about 130 of the former having 
offices within its walls. 

Columbia Yacht Club. — Located 
on Randolph street and Lake 
Front. Full information concern- 
ing the yachting affairs may be 



COM— COM 



76 



COM— COM 



had at the club house of the Co- 
lumbia Yacht Club. Headquarters 
of power boats and the club house 
of the Corinthian Yacht Club are 
near at hand. 

Commercial National Bank Build- 
ing. — This building is located at 
the northeast corner of Adams and 
Clark streets. Its west front ex- 
tends 190 feet north from Adams 



ized nickel-steel solid armor plate 
safe deposit vault, the largest in 
Chicago and the first of its kind in 
the world, with a capacity for 20,- 
000 boxes. 

The building is eighteen stories 
in height, and rests upon caisson 
foundations, bearing upon solid 
bed-rock. 

It is of modern, fire-proof, steel 
construction; exterior, granite and 







Commercial National Bank Building, 
115 Adams Street, corner Clark Street. 



street on Clark street, with a south 
exposure of 181 feet on Adams 
street, facing the Post Office Build- 

The entire second floor is oc- 
cupied by the Commercial Na- 
tional Bank. The Commercial Na- 
tional Safe Deposit Company con- 
ducts in the basement its Harvey- 



terra cotta; interior finished above 
the second floor in mahogany and 
white marble. The bronze banis- 
ter of the grand stairway is the 
most elaborate piece of bronze 
work ever attempted in America. 

The premises occupied by the 
Commercial National Bank on the 
second floor have been pronounced 



COM-COM 

the most perfect banking offices in 
the world. Every convenience 
known to modern banking has been 
installed and patrons are assured 
of every consideration for their 
comfort and accommodation. 

There are one freight and four- 
teen passenger plunger type eleva- 
tors, of which eight are at the 
Adams street entrance and six at 
the Clark street entrance. 

Commercial National Safe De- 
posit Vault. — The new safe deposit 
vault of the Commercial National 
Safe Deposit Company, built of 
Harveyized nickel steel armor 
plates, recently opened to the pub- 
lic, are of the most modern con- 
struction and arrangement. The 
space inside the main vault is forty- 
six feet square and nine feet from 
ceiling to floor. The steel walls 
are six inches in thickness and are 
reinforced on the sides by a two- 
foot brick wall, and on the top by 
two feet of solid concrete. There 
are accommodations for 20,000 
boxes, of which 10,000 are in place. 
There are large and small com- 
partments and safes for the use of 
the bankers, estates, brokers and 
private individuals. The entire in- 
terior is finished in bronze, bril- 
liantly polished. 

In connection with the vaults 
there are fifty-nine coupon rooms 
and a number of committee rooms, 
richly furnished, for the use of 
customers for directors' and com- 
mittee meetings. One of these is 
reserved for the use of ladies. The 
trunk vaults furnish an absolutely 
safe place to store silverware and 
other bulky valuables. 

The key system is arranged so 
that no one, not even other em- 
ployes, have access to the various 
keys except those authorized. Ab- 
solute protection and secrecy are 
thus insured. 

The officers are W. J. Chalmers, 
president; Joseph T. Talbert, vice- 
president; Ralph Van Vechten, sec- 
retary; Trigg Waller, manager, and 
Samuel Powell, superintendent. 

Commonwealth Edison Com- 
pany. — The company came into 



77 



COM— COM 



legal existence and began business 
on September 17, 1907, through 
the consolidation of the Chicago 
Edison Company and the Common- 
wealth Electric Company. 

The earnings and expenses for 
the fiscal year ending September 
30, 1908, were as follows: Gross 
earnings, $9,500,907.82; expenses, 
$6,374,578.44; earnings for the year, 
$3,126,329.38. 

The company's connected busi- 
ness (exclusive of electrical energy 
supplied to other public service 
corporations) amounted to the 
equivalent of 4,137,650 standard six- 
teen-candle-power lamps on Sep- 
tember 30, 1908. 

The company is also supplying 
electrical energy, amounting to ap- 
proximately 75,000 horse-power, 
under long-time contracts, running 
from five to ten years, to street 
railways and other public service. 

General offices, Edison Building, 
139 Adams street. Generating sta- 
tions: Station 1, Harrison street 
and Chicago river; station 2, Twen- 
ty-second and Fisk streets; station 
3, Twenty-fifth and Quarry streets; 
station 6, Fifty-sixth and Wal- 
lace streets. Also 33 sub-sta- 
tions. 

Commonwealth Edison Company 
miscellaneous data: 

Number of buildings occupied 
wholly or partially, 43. 

Number of electric generating 
plants, 5. 

Number of sub-stations for dis- 
tributing current, 32. 

Total capacity of generating 
equipment, 130,000 K. W. 

Number of storage batteries 
ready for emergencies, 15 stations. 

Capacity of storage batteries at 
V 2 -hovLT rate, 36,000 K. W., or 48,- 
000-horsepower. 

Distribution systems, Edison 3- 
wire and 60 cycle, 3-phase, 4-wire 
system. 

Voltage, 115r230. 

Horsepower in motors connect- 
ed (exclusive of railway), 103,385. 

Lighting load connected (16- 
candlepower equivalent), 2,385,790. 

Total connected (equivalent in 
16-candlepower lamps), 3,936,560. 



COM— COM 

Connected load, general business, 
196,830 K. W. 

Connected load, railway business, 
00,000 K. W. 

Miles of mains and feeders, 2,700. 

Total number of duct feet of un- 
derground conduit, 8,576,000. 

The Fisk street station of the 
Commonwealth Edison Company 
is justly famed as the greatest in- 
stitution of its kind in the world. 
The building, located at Fisk and 
Twenty-second streets, is pleasing, 
dignified and substantial, and the 
general construction is of steel, 
covered with red pressed brick, or- 
namented with heavy cut Bedford 
stone. 

Natural lighting and ventilation 
facilities are very complete. The 
interior finish of the station is ex- 
cellent throughout, that in the tur 
bine room especially being very 
handsome. iThe walls are lined 
with white enamel brick, with 
terra cotta trimmings. The floor 
is laid with terra cotta two-inch 
hexagonal imported tile. Arti- 
ficial lighting is secured chiefly by 
means of enclosed arc lamps sup- 
ported on massive ornamental iron 
brackets, with Bauer-Barff finish. 

Capacity. — While the plans orig- 
inally contemplated an installation 
of 14 units, aggregating 70,000 kilo- 
watts capacity, the ultimate maxi- 
mum capacity of the station for a 
sustained period will undoubtedly 
be at least 176,000 kilowatts. Ten 
units have already been installed, 
the first four rated at 5,000 kilo- 
watts and for two hours a maxi- 
mum load of 7,500 kilowatts each; 
units Nos. 5 to 10, rated at 9,000 
kilowatts, for two hours, 12,000 
kilowatts each. Units to be in- 
stalled in future will undoubtedly 
be even larger, and those ordered 
for the Quarry street power house 
will have a sustained maximum 
capacity of 14,000 kilowatts. 

The unit system of construction 
and of operation is^ everywhere 
provided for with a view to isolat- 
ing possible trouble and minimiz- 
ing its effect. The boiler house 
contains a battery of eighty boilers 
for each turbine. Each boiler has 



78 



COM-COM 



5,000 square feet of water heating 
surface, and is of the double-drum 
type and equipped with a super- 
heater. The boiler pressure is 180 
pounds, and 150 degrees to 200 de- 
grees superheat are secured. 

In the switch house the unit idea 
is still further exemplified. In gen- 
eral the cables and bus-bars are 
carried separately for each unit to 
the oil switches and distributing 
apparatus. There are overload in- 
verse time-limit relays on all out- 
going feeders, which automatically 
open in case of trouble. 

Nearly all the energy supplied to 
over forty sub-stations throughout 
the city comes from the Fisk street 
station. Thirty-two of these are 
the company's stations for general 
lighting and power service and 
eight are power stations of local 
transportation companies. All the 
converting equipment in these sub- 
stations consists of synchronous 
apparatus. The transmission sys- 
tem is controlled by telephone, 
from the company's main office by 
one man called the "load dis- 
patcher." 

The station buildings are entire- 
ly fireproof, and in addition have a 
complete and powerful motor 
driven fire-fighting apparatus, and 
standpipes at frequent intervals 
connected to long lines of hose. 
The station force is thoroughly 
drilled in the use of this apparatus. 

The welfare of the employes has 
been given ample consideration, 
and commodious shower baths, 
with individual lockers, for differ- 
ent classes of employes, are in- 
stalled in the boiler house and 
switch house. There is also in the 
switch house a large and handsome 
dining-room, with a completely ap- 
pointed kitchen, in which all the 
apparatus is electric, from which 
meals are served every day to a 
large number. There are also 
offices at the station and living- 
rooms for the accommodation of 
the employes who may have to re- 
main at the premises for unusual 
lengths of time. 

Present capacity of the station.. 



COM— CON 

100,000 kilowatts, or 150,000-horse- 
power. 

Ground area occupied by plant, 
tracks, etc., 23*^ acres. 

Dock frontage, 3,275 feet. 

Size of main building: Length, 
500 feet; width, 240 feet. 

Size of switch house: Length, 
340 feet; width, 50 feet. 

Number of steam turbine genera- 
tors, 10. 

Maximum capacity per unit, 12,- 
000 K. W., or 18,000-horsepower. 

Maximum load for 1907, 81,000 
kilowatts. 

Maximum load equipment in 16- 
candlepower lamps, 1,620,000. 

Height of turbo-generators, 34 
feet 9 inches. 

Comparative Strength of Iron 
and Timber. — From various experi- 
ments, it appears that the ultimate 
strength of various bodies, an inch 
square and an inch round bar of 
each, one foot long, and loaded in 
the middle and lying loose at both 
ends, is as follows: 

Square Round 
bar. bar. 
lbs. lbs. 

Oak 800 628 

Ash 1,137 893 

Elm 569 447 

Pitch pine 916 719 

Deal 566 444 

Cast iron 2,580 2,026 

Wrought iron 4,013 _ 3,152 

One-third of the above weight is 
considered sufficient in most cases 
for a permanent load. 

Concert Saloons. — As distin- 
guished from concerts proper. In 
the one the music is the important 
feature; in the other the sale of 
liquor is the incentive, and the 
music is simply secondary. In 
Chicago, there are two classes, one 
where music is used as an attrac- 
tion, while one sits to drink his 
glass of lager; but the class which 
is feared by all good citizens, in- 
clude the "dives" and worse, where 
music, and an execrable excuse at 
that, is used to entice the young 
and foolish, where liquor and paint- 
ed harlots drag swifty and fiercely 
down the awful road, whose end is 
moral debauchery and physical de- 



79 



CON— CON 



struction. No respectable person 
likes to be known as a frequenter 
of any of these places. The women 
are without attractive beauty, com- 
pletely unsexed, and deplorably ig- 
norant. A discordant, heavily- 
pounded piano shrieks in its awful 
distress. The liquors are of the 
vilest, and the women insist upon 
being treated constantly to colored 
water, which their dupes pay for 
as the best brandy. They are not 
nice places for strangers to en- 
ter, and are constantly watched by 
the police. 

Concordia Cemetery. — Is beauti- 
fully laid out, and highly improved, 
and is the burial place of the Evan- 
gelical Lutheran churches' dead. It 
is nine miles west of the city. Take 
train at Grand Central depot via 
Chicago & Northern Pacific Rail- 
road. 

Congress Park. — Congress Park 
is 13 miles from Chicago. It con- 
tains many beautiful homes of the 
wealthy Chicago business men, and 
the streets are shaded with elm, 
catalpa, maple and sycamore trees. 

Contractors' Supplies. — The Chi- 
cago market in heavy hardware is 
enormously large. In addition to 
the iron and steel products, the 
heavy hardware, jobbers carry all 
the tools and machinery required 
to manipulate them, however huge 
these products may be. There are 
immense jobbing houses devoted to 
supplying the needs of mills, 
mines, railroad operators, factories, 
contractors and vessel owners. In 
addition to the ordinary lines of 
hardware these jobbers carry open 
stocks of supplies and equipments 
of usual size and kinds, which 
usually have to be made over, and 
which only can be found ready for 
immediate shipment in markets of 
the first class. Thus, if an order 
for a complete railroad is received, 
from rails to rolling stock, it can 
be filled in Chicago immediately 
and with the least possible cost. 

The manufacture of belting is a 
conspicuous feature of the great 
Chicago machinery market. The 
making of coin controlled machines 



CON— CON 

has been reduced to a science and 
all the larger manufactories hand- 
ling this product 'are located in 
Chicago. In fact, in the manufac- 
ture of machinery of every de- 
scription, the Chicago market 
stands without a peer on the uni- 
verse. 

Consumption of Sugar. — The pop- 
ulation, and per capita consump- 
tion of sugar, in the United States, 
for five years, as reported by the 
Bureau of Statistics, Department of 
Commerce and Labor: 

Per capita T'l sugar 
consumpt'n cons'm'd 
Years. PopTt'n. of sugar. 

June 1. (Pounds.) (Tons.) 
1900.. 76,303,307 65.2 2,487,487.8082 
1901.. 77,647,000 68.7 2,667,174.45 
1902.. 79,003,000 72.8 2,875,709.2 
1903.-80,372,000 70.9 2,849,187.4 
1904.. 81,752,000 75.8 3,077,962.8 

From the foregoing table it ap- 
pears that the present use of cane- 
sugar in this country amounts to 
seventy-five pounds per capita an- 
nually, and that the consumption 
of sugar is increasing at the rate 
of a little more than two pounds 
per capita annually. 

Convent and Parochial Schools. 

— The parochial schools of Chicago 
furnish education to nearly 56,000 
children, and certainly save an im- 
mense expense from the public 
school funds. About 2,000 teach- 
ers are employed. 

The Hebrew schools contain 
about 600 pupils, the Lutheran 
some 7,000, and the Catholic over 
45,000. Many of the Catholic 
schools contain as many children 
as the largest public schools, the 
Holy Family schools, at the cor- 
ner of Twelfth street and Blue 
Island avenue, educating 4,500 pu- 
pils. 

The parochial schools have been 
often attacked by the advocates of 
the public school system, but seem 
to hold their own nevertheless, and 
apparently furnish almost as thor- 
ough an education as the schools 
under the management of the 
Board of Education. 



80 COO— COO 

Cook County Appropriations 

1909.— Bonded debt of Cook coun- 
ty December 1, 1908, $9,360,000; 
amount due each year, $625,000. 

Resources: Estimated receipts 
from general taxes for A. D. 1909, 
$4,481,152,62; estimated receipts 
from fee offices, $1,675,500; esti- 
mated sundry resources to be re- 
alized in 1909, $296,211.47; for 
bonds and interest fund, $28,049.13; 
for new infirmary building fund, 
$1,948,740.37; for new court house 
building fund, $87,508.02. The to- 
tal resources, $8,467,221.61. 

Appropriations: Principal and 
interest fund, $1,059,386.63; new 
court house building fund, $37,- 
568.02; new infirmary building 
fund, $1,948,740.37; liabilities out- 
standing December 1, 1908, fund, 
$144,680.37; salary fund, $2,607,- 
598.78; supply fund, $881,850; diet- 
ing prisoners, jail fund, $37,000; 
dieting prisoners, House of Correc- 
tion fund, $5,000; state institutions 
fund, $35,000; industrial schools 
fund, $56,000; telephone fund, $8,- 
000; deporting indigents fund, $1,- 
500; president's fund, $2,500; in- 
specting fund, $3,000; hospital nurs- 
ing fund, $102,000; road and bridges 
fund, $40,000; transportation of 
prisoners, etc., fund, $3,000; postage 
and stamped envelope fund, $10,- 
000; coroner's incidental expense 
fund, $1,000; special state's attor- 
ney fund, $30,000; furniture and re- 
pair fund, $88,922.44; preparing and 
publishing assessment lists fund, 
$50,000; tax error and rebate fund, 
$420,000; outdoor relief fund, $19,- 
225; juror's fund, $230,000; election 
purposes fund, $245,000; judges 
fund, $195,250; interest on loans 
fund, $50,000; building fund, $25,- 
000; heating court house fund, $26,- 
300; lighting court house fund, 
$15,000; power court house fund, 
$23,000; coroner's reporting fund, 
$1,200; juvenile detention home 
telephone service fund, $500; ju- 
venile detention home furniture 
and repair fund, $1,000; special 
audit fund, $10,000; special county 
attorney's fund, $3,000; miscellane- 
ous fund, $50,000. Totals, $8,467,- 
221.61. 



COO—COO 81 

Cook County Coroner. — The cor- 
orner's office is located in the new 
county building and is one of the 
busiest offices in the city. Aside 
from the coroner, there is one 
chief deputy, one coroner's phy- 
sician and deputy coroner, two as- 
sistant coroner's physicians and 
deputy coroners, eleven deputy cor- 
oners, one stenographer for court 
work, one clerk and stenographer, 
one record clerk, one vault clerk, 
one morgue keeper, one clerk at 
morgue. 

During the past eleven months 
of 1908, 3,907 inquests were held; 
2,758 cases were investigated by 
the coroner's physician; 2,385 post- 
mortems held by the coroner's 
physician; 329 miles were traveled 
in serving writs. 

Cook County Hospital. — Is lo- 
cated on the square bounded by 
Wood, Harrison, Lincoln and Polk 
streets. Take West Madison elec- 
tric car line. This institution is 
for the benefit of the poor and is 
one of the largest and most per- 
fectly appointed hospitals in this 
country. It is under the manage- 
ment of the County Commission- 
ers, and is supported by the tax- 
payers. 

Cook County Insane Asylum. — 
Is a magnificent group of build- 
ings located in Cook county at 
Dunning and affords every facility 
for the care of those unfortunate 
enough to be placed there. 

Cook County's New Courthouse. 

— Cook County's new courthouse 
is the largest county building in 
the United States and the first one 
designed as an office structure 
especially to meet the requirements 
of those who will occupy it and 
of the public. Each department of 
the county government has quar- 
ters so arranged as to suit its par- 
ticular needs, and estimated to be 
ample to accommodate the busi- 
ness of a population of 4,000,000 
people. Heat, ventilation and light 
have been provided for by systems 
unsurpassed in any great building 
in the world. 

Natural light is provided for by 



COO— COO 

immense openings in the street 
fronts and by two light shafts on 
the west, sixty-four by ninety-six 
feet, extending from the first floor 
to the roof. 

Notwithstanding the fact that 
every practical requirement is thus 
fulfilled, the architects have de- 
signed a noble architectural and 
monumental building, dignified, im- 
pressive and classice in composi- 
tion. The great Corinthian colon- 
nade, ninety-four feet high, with 
entablatures and cornice in propor- 
tion, gives a municipal character 
to the entire structure. The three 
main doorways, twenty feet high, 
are on Clark street, and on each 
side of them are carved allegorical 
figures representing Justice and 
Law, and Labor on Land and La- 
bor on Sea. Other entrances are 
on Washington and Randolph 
streets. 

On the first floor is a spacious 
vestibule in marble and bronze, * 
with carved ceiling of ornamental 
glass and bronze, and beyond this 
an immense hall running complete- 
ly through the building, with cor- 
ridors extending to the north and 
south entrances. These are ifin- 
ished in Italian marble and colored 
mosiac, and Italian Renaissance 
grills screen the fourteen eleva- 
tors. 

In the upper floors the halls and 
corridors are finished in marble 
and the court rooms in various 
woods and stucco. 

There are thirty large court 
rooms, with the necessary consul- 
tation, attorneys and jury rooms. 
Their height above the street and 
the adoption of extraordinary pre- 
cautions insure quiet. Eleven of 
the court rooms are on the top 
floor and has no side windows, 
but has an ample supply of natural 
diffused daylight through herring- 
bone above a glass ceiling. 

The new building is two and one- 
half times as large as the one it 
replaces, and contains 12,000,000 
cubic feet of space. It costs ap- 
proximately thirty-five cents a 
cubic foot, or much less than any 
other building of its class. It con- 




§p-$ --li 




(82) 



COO— COO 83 

tains 11,000 tons of structural steel, 
and 14,000 tons of granite, which 
together would fill a thousand rail- 
road cars. This immense mass 
rests upon 130 concrete caissons 
that extend to the solid rock, 115 
feet below the street grade. In 
these is 450,000 cubic feet of con- 
crete, or almost twice the volume 
of the Auditorium Tower. This 
concrete weighs 33,000 tons and 
would fill anther thousand cars. 
The building fronts 374 feet on 
Clark street and 157 feet each on 
Washington and Randolph streets. 
The lowest floor is thirty-eight feet 
below the street level and the high- 
est point of the roof 218 feet above 
grade. The old court house had a 
total floor area of five acres. The 
new structure has fourteen acres of 
floor space. There is a mile of 
corridors. For the storage of rec- 
ords and documents almost two 
acres of floor area are given up to 
fireproof vaults. 

The entire block, bounded by 
Clark, Randolph, La Salle and 
Washington streets, is the prop- 
erty of Cook county, and under a 
contract entered into in 1872, the 
City of Chicago is given the use of 
the west half so long as it is occu- 
pied by a city hall, with the pro- 
vision that the county building and 
city hall shall be uniform in gen- 
eral .exterior design and appear- 
ance. The new county building has 
been designed with this contin- 
gency in view. 

The total expenditures were as 
follows: 

On building account, $4,439,- 
481.03; on fixed furniture account, 
$376,816.65; on movable furniture 
account, $81,673.41; on razing old 
courthouse, $79,000; on miscellane- 
ous account, $265,352.44; total ex- 
penditures, $5,242,323.53. 

The county issued $5,000,000 of 
4 per cent bonds as a building 
fund. 

Cook County Jail and Criminal 
Court. — This is a new seven-story 
building of steel and stone con- 
struction. It is located at the cor- 
ner of Dearborn avenue and Michi- 
gan street, and is an imposing and 



COR— COR 

mammoth structure. The jail is 
connected with the criminal court 
building by a number of corridors. 
Persons indicted by the grand jury 
receive their trial in the courts, 
numbered from one to six. Many 
famous trials have taken place in 
this building. In the jail there is 
at all times from 400 to 500 pris- 
oners confined, many of whom are 
notorious criminals. Many execu- 
tions have taken place in the jail, 
among whom may be mentioned 
the anarchists. Attendance at exe- 
cutions is limited to persons hav- 
ing some special business in being 
there. Visitors are admitted on 
Tuesdays and Fridays. 

Corn Exchange National Bank 
Building. — Located on Adams and 
La Salle streets. This building is 
modern and fireproof in every way 
and aside from the banking de- 
partments is occupied with busi- 
ness offices. It is a handsome new 
structure and is seventeen stories 
high, but owing to the height of 
the bank room ceiling, is as tall as 
the ordinary 18-story building. The 
main banking room is beautiful and 
attractive and well worth a visit. 

Corsets, Cloaks and Suits.— -The 
manufacture of corsets in Chicago 
has made tremendous strides with- 
in the past few years. The most 
advertised and popular styles and 
trade marked brands known to the 
trade are made in this city. In 
point of style and suitability, the 
Chicago made corset is rapidly dis- 
placing imported goods, particu- 
larly in the higher qualities. 

Many of the corset stocks in 
Chicago contain 500 different va- 
rieties and styles and no other 
market in the country offers equal 
opportunities to the merchant buy- 
ing corsets. Every manufacturer 
of corsets in this country^ and 
Europe is represented in Chicago 
stocks. 

In the manufacture of cloaks 
and suits, Chicago easily leads the 
world. The number of factories in 
this line in Chicago is 175. Within 
a few years past Chicago has out- 
distanced competition in this line, 



CRE— CRI 

and five of the largest cloak and 
suit houses here do more busi- 
ness than seven of the largest in 
any other city. Business is built 
absolutely on quality and styles, 
and not on cheap goods or cut 
price. The magnitude of the busi- 
ness is indicated by the fact that 
one firm alone recently ordered 
250,000 gross of buttons. It is 
estimated that the scraps and clip- 
pings alone sold by Chicago manu- 
facturers in this and kindred lines 
amount to more than $12,000,000 
annually. 

Crerar Library. — Is not yet 
located. In 1890, John Crerar, a 
wealthy Chicagoan, bequeathed at 
his death about $2,000,000 to the 
creation and maintenance of a free 
public library, which is located 
temporarily at 87 Wabash avenue. 

Crime on the Lake. — The house 
committee on the judiciary has re- 
ported favorably on the main reso- 
lution relating to crime on Lake 
Michigan. Illinois, Indiana and 
Michigan may now agree on a plan 
whereby illegal acts on the waters 
of the lake, which forms part of 
the boundaries of the three states, 
may be checked. 

When the municipal authorities 
were attempting to suppress gam- 
bling on horse racing their efforts 
were blocked by men who char- 
tered a vessel on which they 
steamed daily to waters crossed by 
state lines, from which position 
they mocked their opponents while 
still following their prohibited 
avocation by the aid of wireless 
telegraphy. From the standpoint 
of the gamblers it was a good joke 
on the police. 

This sort of an arrangement may 
open the way to others of differ- 
ent character. Attention has been 
called of late to the pressing need 
of united effort in connection with 
sanitation. The people of the three 
states have a vital interest in that 
subject. The larger problems of 
life at the foot of the lake will be 
increasingly important as popula- 
tion becomes more dense. The 
signs of this growth of population 
are plentiful. More and more, as 



84 CRI— CUR 

the years pass by, Illinois, Indiana 
and Michigan must make common 
cause with broadminded spirit. 

Criterion Theater. — Is on the 

North Side at the corner of Division 
and Sedgwick streets. The seating 
capacity is 1,700, and its furnishing, 
decorations and equipment are of 
the very best. It presents to its 
patrons legitimate drama, light 
comedy and burlesque. Lincoln J. 
Carter, the producer, has control 
of the house for the past several 
years. 

Crop Production. — In the United 
States for 1908: 

Acres. 
Wheat .. 47,557,000 

Corn 101,788,000 

Oats 32,344,000 

Rye 1,948,000 

Barley... 6,646,000 



Bushels. 
664,872,000 
2,668,651,000 
807,156,000 
31,851,000 
166,756,000 



Total . . 190,283,000 4,339,286,000 

Crushed Between Street Cars. — 

Recently no less than three per- 
sons have been crushed to death 
between moving street cars in Chi- 
cago. The spacing between the 
new laid track is not sufficient to 
give much more than six inches 
between the large and recently in- 
stalled pay-as-you-enter cars. This 
fact should be borne in mind by 
every person who has occasion to 
cross the street. It should be 
understood that there is always 
danger in attempting to make a 
crossing, that there is a chance 
that two cars may pass at the criti- 
cal moment, that confusion may 
ensue and that the effort to es- 
cape by dodging between cars will 
probably result in very serious in- 
jury, if not death. 

Cured Meats, etc. — The quantity 
of cured meats received in the Chi- 
cago market during the year 1908 
aggregated 235,477,393 pounds; and 
shipments 720,804,686 pounds; of 
dressed beef, receipts, 428,729,665 
pounds, and shipments 959,719,921 
pounds; of lard, our receipts ag- 
gregated 77,301,152 pounds, and 
shipments 402,779,483 pounds. 



DAI— DAN 

Daily Arrival of Passenger 

Trains. — Nearly 1,600 passenger 
trains, through and suburban, ar- 
rive at and depart from the six 
principal railway passenger sta- 
tions of Chicago in the course of 
each twenty-four hours. The num- 
ber varies with the seasons and 
the demands of the traffic, but the 
appended figures are approximately 
correct according to the schedule 
in force in 1908: 

Stations. Trains. 

Illinois Central 536 

Chicago & Northwestern 409 

Union 264 

La Salle Street 230 

Dearborn 113 

Grand Central 42 

Total 1,594 

Dangerous Fly. — Doctor How- 
ard, of the entomological division 
of the United States Department 
of Agriculture suggests, as a re- 
sult of studies made, that the name 
of the common house fly be 
changed to the "typhoid fly" as be- 
ing more suggestive, or descrip 
tive of its dangerous character. 
The name house fly would indi- 
cate, he thinks, that the little pest 
belongs to the house, when its na- 
tural habitat is the manure box or 
the garbage can. 

It is well understood that a few 
flies live over during the winter 
months. In almost every house 
they may be found in a torpid 
state, generally in the crevices of 
the walls or the ceiling, and al- 
ways near the ceiling, where the 
air is the warmest. Now is the time 
to go after them and to rid the 
house of their presence before the 
spring days are here. Then see to 
it that the door and window 
screens are all put in order for use 
when needed. 

Danish Lutheran Orphan's Home. 

— Situated in Maplewood on the 
Wisconsin division of the North- 
Western Railroad. 

Deaf Mutes. — Contrary to the 
general class of speechless unfor- 
tunates, the deaf mutes of Chi- 



85 DEA— DEA 

cago are, as a rule, quite comforta- 
ble and able to care for them- 
selves. There are several schools 
for their instruction, mostly situ- 
ated on the West Side, and almost 
every deaf mute of scholastic age 
is in receipt of daily tuition. As a 
result, the deaf mutes are a cheer- 
ful and contented class, and enjoy 
life so well as even to marry 
among themselves. 

The principal institution for the 
instruction of this class of unfor- 
tunates is located at Jacksonville, 
215 miles south of Chicago, on the 
Chicago & Alton Railroad. Aver- 
age number of people on the rolls, 
about 1,000. This is a State insti- 
tution and the annual appropria- 
tion for maintenance about $150,- 
000. A school for the deaf and 
dumb is located at 409 May street, 
West Side. It is conducted by the 
religious of the Holy Heart of 
Mary, and supported by the Eph- 
pheta Society. The average num- 
ber of deaf mutes in the school is 
about 100, and several experienced 
teachers are employed. 

Death in the Dust.— Richard T. 
Fox, general manager of the Citi- 
zens' Street Cleaning bureau, re- 
cently presented in his annual re- 
port some startling facts in con- 
nection with the danger that lurks 
in the germ laden dust that flies 
through Chicago's streets. 

"With every twenty breaths," he 
says, "one may take into his body 
all the way from eleven to 370 
germs, together with a variable 
amount of inorganic dust. 

"The number of living germs 
which a citizen is liable to take 
into his body when the streets are 
dry and the wind blowing, or when 
the dust is being stirred up by 
street cleaning operations, would 
be difficult to determine. 

"The evils of dust were not gen- 
erally appreciated until the dis- 
covery of the germ initiative of 
disease. Some time ago Doctor 
Cornet, of Berlin, made some ex- 
periments to determine the extent 
of the dangers of tuberculosis 
spread through dust contamination. 
Three hundred and ninety-two 



DEA— DEA 

guinea pigs were employed in the 
test. Of these 69 developed tuber- 
culosis; l ( .H) died, from other dis- 
eases such as diphtheria, erysipelas, 
etc., and 137 remained healthy. 

"In some experiments made by 
Dr. T. M. Pruden in New York 
he found that the number of living 
germs settling from floating dust 
upon a round disk 3^4 inches in 
diameter in different places in New 
York was as follows: 

"At the ball ground, Central Park 
499. 

"Edge of fountain basin, Union 
Square, 214. 

"In the library of a private house, 
near Thirty - fourth street and 
Broadway, 34. 

"Upon a cross street that was be- 
ing swept by employes of the street 
cleaning department, 5,810. 

"It is estimated that 150,000 per- 
sons die annually in the United 
States from tuberculosis, and this 
is only one of the many diseases 
spread by dust. 

"The total elimination of dust is, 
of course, impossible. Cleaning 
and sweeping increases the fight- 
ing of germs about seventy times. 

"The dust appearing on the down 
town streets of Chicago is derived 
from these sources: 

"1. Animal Refuse. 

"2. Refuse swept or thrown from 
buildings. 

"3. Dirt forced through open 
joints of pavement laid on earth 
or sand foundation. 

"4. Refuse spiled from wagons. 

"5. Debris from construction of 
buildings or from the construction 
and repair of pavements. 

"6. Detritus from wear of pave- 
ments. 

"7. Soot and dust from the air. 

"The most effective means of 
cleaning is to maintain a hand 
patrol forthe removal of the heav- 
ier material and with a hose or 
machine flush with sufficient water 
the dust or mud into the gutters, 
from where it can be removed." 

Frank W. Solon, superintendent 
of street cleaning, found few sug- 
gestions of value in the report. 

He said flushing machines soon 



86 DEE— DEE 

would be in use down town and 
that he thought "we are doing 
pretty well and expect to do bet- 
ter." 

Deep Waterway. — The construc- 
tion of such a canal is not a local, 
but a national work. It means the 
establishment of an institution un- 
der government control which will 
furnish new and important means 
of communication in the central 
west. It offers a new passageway 
for light draught war vessels 
through the heart of the continent, 
independent of any unfriendly na- 
tion in time of war. On the purely 
commercial side it can rightly be 
maintained that were only the 
commercial interests of Chicago 
and St. Louis, and the towns and 
farms between, to be considered, 
the building of the canal would be 
fully justified. But there is vastly 
more than this at issue. All of 
the business interests of the Great 
Lakes, with their trade in coal and 
iron, lumber, grain and manufac- 
tured goods, lie waiting for the 
opportunity to extend their navi- 
gation southward through the 
Mississippi valley into the rich 
prairies of the central part of the 
continent. Nor is even this exten- 
sion of navigation all that the pro- 
posed deep waterway will accom- 
plish. The ports of the Gulf of 
Mexico, and many of the ports of 
South America, would be opened 
to direct navigation with Chicago 
and Duluth and Buffalo. And 
when the time arrives for the open- 
ing of the Isthmian canal, now^ as- 
sured to the nation, the still wider 
commercial reaches of the Orient 
would be attained. These things 
may seem at first thought like 
ideals of a far distant future; in 
realty they are ideals of the imme- 
diate present, which can be real- 
ized by a work that is in compari- 
son but a trifle. Hardly elsewhere 
can an enterprise be found from 
which such great results can be 
attained for such small expendi- 
tures. 

It is not an inland canal of the 
olden type which your memorial- 
ists propose to you, but rather one 



DEE— DEE 87 

the like of which has never been 
produced save in the connection of 
great bodies of water with one an- 
other across narrow strips of land. 
It is a true deep waterway that is 
sought. The exact depth that 
would be most advisable is for 
your special board of engineers, to 
whom is intrusted the survey, to 
recommend. A depth of fourteen 
feet is suggested by your memorial- 
ists, because the state of Illinois 
has committed itself by repeated 
joint resolutions of its general as- 
sembly to the encouragement of 
such a waterway, because the pre- 
liminary estimates indicate that the 
work of construction for that depth 
can be economically carried out, 
because the supply of water neces- 
sary to it is already in existence, 
and because a similar depth can be 
counted on the greater part of the 
year in the Mississippi river be- 
yond St. Louis, the outlet of the 
canal. A depth of ten or twelve 
feet would be but a starting point. 
A depth of twenty feet is ulti- 
mately desired, but it would be 
comparatively useless until great 
engineering works have been ac- 
complished in the improvement of 
the lower Mississippi. 

That a deep waterway from Lake 
Michigan to the Mississippi river 
is a work of easy accomplishment, 
is due beyond anything else to the 
existence of the Chicago Sanitary 
and Ship Canal, which has been 
constructed by the people of Chi- 
cago, under the direction of your 
memorialists and their predeces- 
sors, the trustees of the Sanitary 
District of Chicago. The route for 
the waterway follows the course 
of the Chicago river, the natural 
flow of which is toward Lake Mich- 
igan, and the Des Plaines and Illi- 
nois rivers flowing toward the 
Mississippi. The Chicago Sanitary 
and Ship Canal has pierced the 
watershed dividing the headwaters 
of the Chicago from the headwaters 
of the Des Plaines; it has caused 
the natural current of the Chicago 
river to be reversed, and a great 
flood of a possible 600,000 cubic 
feet a minute to be started from 



DEE— DEE 



the lake toward the gulf and it has 
provided a channel adequate to ac- 
commodate vessels of twenty feet 
draught. To the extent to which 
it reaches the Sanitary and Ship 
Canal is all that can be desired for 
the purposes of deep water naviga- 
tion. Even beyond its own limits 
it is a powerful aid to the deep 
waterway project, for it furnishes 
sufficient water to give a steady 
supply to a fourteen-foot channel 
to the Mississippi. 

The piercing of the divide be- 
tween the lake and the gulf water- 
sheds is by far the most difficult 
and costly portion of the work of 
building the deep waterway. The 
people of Chicago have expended 
already over $38,000,000 in accom- 
plishing it. When they have fin- 
ished all related work they will 
have spent $50,000,000. The plans 
and estimates which your memo- 
rialists will present to you in de- 
tail in this memorial show that 
the expense for the entire re- 
mainder of the work will not ex- 
ceed $27,000,000, little over half of 
what Chicago alone will have spent. 
Chicago's contribution to the pro- 
posed waterway, measured in dol- 
lars, is, therefore, almost two- 
thirds of the entire work. 

From the very inception of their 
canal, intended primarily for sani- 
tation, the people of Chicago have 
had in mind its ultimate use as a 
deep waterway. The very name 
given by law to the canal charac- 
terizes its double purpose. Had 
it been built solely for sanitation, 
it would have cost less by $18,000,- 
000 than it did. The additional 
$18,000,000 measures the sacrifice 
the people of Chicago have made 
to secure the deep waterway navi- 
gation of the future. State laws 
already exist, by the operation of 
which the federal government will 
receive full authority over the canal 
for purposes of navigation as soon 
as the deep waterway shall have 
been built. The balance of the 
work properly belongs to the fed- 
eral government, without whose 
aid it will, indeed, never be accom- 
plished. 



DEL— DET 



De La Salle Institute. — A splen- 
did commercial high school erected 
through the efforts of the Christian 
Brothers, at the northeast corner 
of Wabash avenue and Thirty-fifth 
street. This magnificent building 
was erected during the year 1891 
at a cost of $112,000. 

Department Stores. — During the 
last decade the facilities of street 
cars and great numbers of suburban 
trains have favored the growth of 
department stores in connection 
with the retail dry goods and no- 
tion stores in the business center, 
on State street and Wabash ave- 
nue. Some fifteen firms employ 
about 22,000 persons in the busy 
season within the walls of thirteen 
retail establishments, in the pro- 
portion of two males to three fe- 
males, and including a great pro- 
portion of boys and girls. The 
department stores are crowded at 
all hours of the day, which proves 
that a large proportion of female 
housekeepers have an abundance 
of time to buy their supplies at a 
great distance from their dwelling 
places. Clothing, wearing apparel, 
furniture, jewelry, books and other 
goods are sold in immense quan- 
tities in a comparatively small ter- 
ritory of the business center, fur- 
nishing employment for one-fifth 
of the total number who work* for 
retail trade in the whole city. 

Des Plaines. — Des Plaines is 16.6 
miles from Chicago, and has a 
population of 1,666. The camp 
meeting grounds of the Methodist 
Episcopal church are located here. 
Its shaded streets are lined with 
pretty homes and it is on the banks 
of the Des Plaines river. 

Detention Hospital. — At this in- 
stitution insane patients are re- 
ceived. They are there until their 
cases can be disposed of by the 
courts. One hundred and seventy- 
nine patients were received during 
the month of December, 1908. 
Daily average, twenty-six. 

Diseases of Industry. — Just be- 
yond the pale of the so-called haz- 
ardous occupations lie another 



DIS— DIS 

group of vocations which add their 
annual quota to the great total of 
industrial mortality statistics. Pe- 
culiar conditions pertaining to these 
occupations bring about certain 
diseases which usually are not fatal 
in themselves, especially if prompt 
treatment is instituted. But they 
are not inimical to the general 
health of the worker. This leaves 
him an easy prey to the "great 
white plague," whose yearly toll in 
the United States is 138,000 lives 
and $1,000,000,000. 

In fact, so susceptible to the in- 
roads of tuberculosis are the work- 
ers in these industries that the 
phrase "industrial phthisis" has 
been coined to apply to the insidi- 
ous foe of their health. 

The government has taken cog- 
nizance of 'these conditions, and 
the chief of the federal bureau of 
labor has spent some time in in- 
vestigating along this line. The 
following summarizes his report, 
which he has entitled "Industrial 
Hygiene:" 

By far the greater number of 
cases of sickness or death among 
these workers is caused by infec- 
tion from poisonous dust or vapors 
freed during work. 

In the cutlery and tool indus- 
tries "grinders' rot" and "grinders' 
asthma" are caused by inhalation 
of metallic dust. These are both 
local names for tuberculosis. Rag 
sorters' and wool sorters' diseases 
are anthrax infection from wool 
that came from an animal having 
this transmissible disease. 

Lead poisoning, or plumbism, in 
its various forms of "lead habit," 
"lead colic," or "lead paralysis," 
affects painters, plumbers, type 
founders, varnishers, workers in 
manufactories of china and pottery, 
artificial flowers, etc. Dr. Kober 
gives as a good preventive a gargle 
or wash of a watery solution of 
tartarate of ammonia before eating 
or drinking. 

Arsenical poisoning, _ naphtha 
poisoning, aniline poisoning, brass 
founders' ague, coal gas poisoning 
and choke damp are other forms 
of illness from dust or fumes. 



DIF— DIF 



89 



DIF— DIF 



DIFFERENCE IN TIME BETWEEN CHICAGO 
And Following Named Places: 





Add to 

Chicago 

Time. 


So 

d£ h 
Q 




o 9 

q o 2 

«£S 


S 

So 

u o 2 
d£ H 




H. M. 

8 56 

7 55 

6 07 

13 48 

6 15 

7 30 
17 33 

3 23 

1 58 

13 03 

6 49 

1 37 
6 25 

10 47 
13 35 

6 13 

2 03 

5 31 

11 49 
48 

13 29 

7 09 
7 52 

6 46 


H. M. 




H. M. 

14.00 
6 17 
9 46 

15 36 


H. M. 




















Melbourne. 










40 








2 11 
8 26 
8 39 
14 36 
1 00 






Moscow 

Mozambique 




















New York. . . 








5 C4 








7 58 

38 

6 05 
13 42 
12 38 

3 36 

1 30 

7 50 
1 11 

12 16 
3 04 

6 45 

13 02 

7 57 
























Pekin 












Buenos Ayres 




Pernambuco 










Pretoria 




Callao 










Rangoon 

Rio de Janeiro 
























3 19 


St. Petersburg 

Salt Lake City 




Dublin 


5 35 

7 58 
5 43 


1 00 








18 31 










2 00 




05 




14 01 
12 51 

7 08 

5 54 

8 25 

15 56 
15 14 

1 10 

6 44 






37 

1 41 
6 35 
27 

13 32 






Halifax 


Stockholm 

Southampton 
























4 35 


Tokio 






49 
48 
5 20 
5 48 
5 56 

5 42 

6 54 




















2 00 










29 








7 01 
15 15 

8 33 





























EXAMPLE. — When it is one P. M. at Chicago it is 56 minutes past nine the evening of 
the same_day at Aden, Arabia; and twenty minutes after twelve P. M. at Mexico City. 



DIS— DIS 

Mercurial poisoning, salivation, 
etc., affect those employed in the 
making of mirrors, felt, bronzing, 
thermometers and barometers, and 
dry electric batteries. The prophy- 
lactic precautions are a weekly sul- 
phur bath and a gargle of a solu- 
tion of permanganate of potassium. 

Dr. Kober lays down the follow- 
ing rules to be followed by em- 
ployes who are exposed to any of 
the above affections: 

Scrupulous personal cleanliness 
and change of clothing after work. 

Proper ventilation. 

Uses of "wet processes" when- 
ever possible and whenever practi- 
cal. 

Use of dams, hoods and respira- 
tors. 

Then, lastly, and important, for 
the employe to avail himself of 
all devices provided for his safety. 

Tea intoxication, writers' cramp, 
caisson disease, which attacks 
workers in diving bells, caissons, 
tunnels and deep mines, are other 
diseases attacking workers in cer- 
tain localities or vocations. 

Pulmonary emphysema is simply 
an abnormal collection of air in the 
lungs of performers on wind in- 
struments. Boilermakers' deafness 
is caused by constant exposure to 
an atmosphere in a high state of 
vibration. Mill operatives' deafness 
is the inability to hear distinctly 
except during a noise. 

Distances in Chicago. 

Madison Street South — Miles. 

Twelfth street 1 

Twenty-second street 2 

Thirty-first street 3 

Thirty-ninth street 4 

Forty-seventh street 5 

Fifty-fifth street 6 

Sixty-third Street 7 

Seventy-first street 8 

Seventy-ninth street 9 

Eighty-seventh street 10 

Ninety-fifth street 11 

One Hundred Third street... .12 
One Hundred Eleventh street. 13 

One Hundred Nineteenth 14 

One Hundred Twenty-seventh . 15 
City Limits 16^ 



90 



DIS— DIS 



Madison Street North — 

Chicago avenue l 

North avenue 2 

Fullerton avenue 3 

Belmont avenue 4 

Irving F'ark avenue 5 

Lawrence avenue 6 

Byrn Mawr avenue 7 

Devon avenue 8 

Touhy avenue 9 

City Limits 9 l / 2 

State Street West— 

Halsted street 1 

Ashland boulevard 2 

Western avenue 3 

Kedzie avenue 4 

Fortieth avenue 5 

Forty-eighth avenue 6 

Central avenue 7 

Ridgeland avenue 8 

City Limits (West on North 

avenue) 9 

State Street East — 
To Lake on Twenty-second 

street y^ 

To Cottage Grove avenue on 

Thirty-first street ^J 

To Cottage Grove avenue on 

Thirty-ninth street 1 

To Stony Island avenue on 

Fifty-fifth street 2 

To Yates avenue on Seventy- 
first street 3 

Distances to Other Cities. 
Distance from Chicago — Miles. 

Albany, N". Y 837 

Alton, 111 263 

Atlanta, Ga 795 

Atchison, Kan 465 

Boston 1,039 

Baltimore 853 

Buffalo 539 

Cincinnati 306 

Cleveland 356 

Cairo 365 

Denver 1,059 

Detroit 285 

Dallas 991 

Evansville 338 

Ft. Wayne 148 

Galveston 1,151 

Harrisburg 714 

Indianapolis 183 

Kansas City 458 

Louisville 323 

Los Angeles 2,265 

Minneapolis 420 



DOG— DOU 

Milwaukee 85 

New York 911 

New Orleans 915 

Omaha 498 

Philadelphia 822 

Pensacola, Fla 972 

Portland, Ore 2,466 

Portland, Me 1,155 

Pittsburg 468 

Rochester, N. Y 609 

San Francisco 2,450 

St. Louis 283 

St. Paul 409 

Savannah 1,088 

Syracuse 687 

Seattle 2,361 

Salt Lake City 1,566 

San Antonio, Tex 2,347 

Toledo 243 

Tacoma, Wash 2,321 

Tampa, Fla 1,578 

Trenton 854 

Utica, N. Y 730 

Dogs. — There are about 35,000 
dogs in Chicago which have re- 
ceived proper licenses at the City 
Hall. Probably twice as many 
more canines are never taxed, mak- 
ing a very numerous dog popula- 
tion. 

The life of a Chicago dog is not 
enviable. If unlicensed, death is 
his portion at the hands of any 
policeman; if duly numbered and 
tagged, he must be muzzled when- 
ever he is allowed upon the street. 
His chief enemy is the dog catcher, 
who gathers in all unmuzzled dogs 
without mercy or distinction and 
takes them to the "dog pound," 
where, if not redeemed or sold, 
they are put to death by suffoca- 
tion. 

Many wealthy Chicagoans keep 
valuable and high-blooded dogs, 
and the annual Chicago dog show 
is always a fashionable event. 

Douglas Monument. — Located 
between Cottage Grove avenue and 
the lake. Take cars to Thirty-fifth 
street. Opposite Woodlawn and 
Groveland Parks, on the grounds 
of the Chicago University, which, 
together with the two parks, were 
donated by Hon. Stephen A. Doug- 
las, whose family mansion occu- 
pied the vicinity near the eastern 



91 



DOU— DOU 



terminus of Douglas avenue and 
Woodlawn Park, stands the monu- 
ment to this distinguished gentle- 
man. The mausoleum containing 
his remains is of granite, and the 
shaft towering 104 feeet above this 
is also of granite. Surmounting 
the shaft is a bronze statute of Mr. 
Douglas — very life-like. At the 
corners are four bronze female fig- 
ures inscribed "Illinois," "History," 
"Justice," "Eloquence." The mar- 
ble sarcophagus in the crypt bears 
on its side the following: "Stephen 
A. Douglas, born April 23, 1813. 
Died June 3, 1861. Tell my chil- 
dren to obey the laws and uphold 
the Constitution." 

Douglas Park. — In Douglas Park 
a new and appropriate boat land- 
ing and pavilion has been con- 
structed, as well as a music court, 
with a covered shelter on each 
side. The pavilion overlooks the 
music court and the large meadow 
beyond and commands an excel- 
lent view of the beauties of the 
park. 

Flower gardens were prepared 
containing flowers of infinite va- 
riety which will be a source of 
pleasure and enjoyment to all who 
visit them. 

A naturalistic gateway on the 
west side of the park at the Doug- 
las boulevard entrance, has been 
created by the skillful use of flow- 
ering shrubs and appropriate trees. 

A pretentious fountain basin has 
been placed at the intersection of 
the boulevard and the park, mak- 
ing this one of the most beautiful 
entrances to any of our parks. 

A tentative plan has been pre- 
pared for additional improvements 
in that portion of Douglas Park 
lying south of Ogden avenue. 

The plan provides for the crea- 
tion of a large meadow with suf- 
ficient foilage or woodland planta- 
tions surrounding it to make it 
picturesque and beautiful — in which 
small picnics may be held, and 
affording the people of that section 
of the city and the public in gen- 
eral, facilities for outdoor recrea- 
tion, and for more fully enjoying 
the flowers, trees and shrubbery 



DOU— DOU 92 

and all of the blessings for which 
parks are created. 

Along Ogden avenue a large 
flower and water garden will be 
created, with the necessary orna- 
mental garden seats and the gar- 
den hall from which the flowers 
may be seen and appreciated. This 
formal garden will be of very large 
dimensions, approximately 1,000 
feet long by 300 feet wide. In 



DOW— DOY 

shal boulevard entrance from the 
south, in a modern pergola style, 
with water basin in front of the 
pergola, and fountain sprays, the 
entire gateway to be covered with 
rapid-growing and climbing plants. 

Downers Grove. — Downers Grove 
is a beautiful little town with mod- 
ern conveniences. It is twenty-one 
miles from Chicago and has a pop- 
ulation of 3,500. 




j>,\?" 



Douglas Monument. 



front of this garden hall will be a 
large water court with sprays of 
fountains playing with artistic ef- 
fect and on each side of this water 
court will be afforded space for 
the garden sculpture, which will 
give to the garden hall a refined 
and beautiful setting. 

The plan also provides for an 
ornamental gateway at the Mar- 



Do You Know? — The Chicago 

Association of Commerce, 77 Jack- 
son boulevard, says that Chicago is 
the greatest railroad center in the 
world, being the terminal of thirty- 
four railroads, having an aggregate 
mileage of 91,627 miles, or more 
than 40 per cent of the entire mile- 
age of the United States? 

That of these thirty-four rail- 



DOY— DOY 93 

roads not one of them sends a 
train through the city; they all 
stop here, making Chicago an ab- 
solute terminus which can be said 
of no other city in the country? 

That more sleeping cars, on 
through trains, are scheduled to ar- 
rive at Chicago in the morning and 
depart in the evening than any 
other citv on earth? 

That Chicago has seventy-nine 
elevator warehouses with a grain 
storage capacity of 58,700,000 bush- 
els? 

That the lake tonnage of the port 
of Chicago is larger than the com- 
bined foreign tonnage of the ports 
of Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore 
and Galveston? 

That in the receipts of grain and 
flour at the principal lake and river 
ports Chicago ranks first, with 
more than 281,000,000 bushels? 

That more food and clothing for 
the people of the United States is 
produced at or distributed from 
Chicago than from any other mar- 
ket on the continent? 

That Chicago is the chief live 
stock market in the world and re- 
ceives and ships more cattle, calves, 
sheep, hogs and horses than any 
other city on earth? 

That since the establishment of 
the Union Stock Yards in this city 
the number of head of live stock 
handled has been 523,920,513, or 
more than there are inhabitants on 
the globe, excluding unenumerated 
Asia and Africa? 

That in seventeen cities of the 
United States, each having a popu- 
lation of 200,000 or over, Chicago 
ranks among the seven lowest in 
the percent of arrests for crime of 
every variety? 

That the annual increase of busi- 
ness in the Chicago postoffice is 
more than $1,000,000? 

That the number of pieces of 
first class mail matter received in 
the Chicago post-office for delivery 
in 1906 was 497.192,318 and that the 
number of second, third and fourth 
class matter received for delivery 
was 153,400,332. making the total 
of such pieces 650,592,650? 

That the money order business 



DOY— DOY 



of the Chicago postoffice is larger 
than that of any other single of- 
fice in the United States by over 
50 per cent — in 1907 the number of 
money orders sold and paid in this 
city was 12,954,834, amounting to 
$90,424,141.50? 

That while the receipts of the 
Chicago postoffice in 1906 amounted 
to $12,878,198.37, the per capita 
amount contributed to that revenue 
was $6.07, a sum reached by only 
two other of the large cities of the 
country? 

That Chicago has the largest 
system of underground freight rail- 
way of any city in the world? 

That the first steel rails for rail- 
way tracks made in the United 
States were rolled in Chicago and 
that 28 per cent of the steel rails 
now made in the country are rolled 
here? 

That the actual cash valuation 
of real and personal property in 
Chicago places this city second in 
wealth in the list of American 
cities? 

That of fourteen American cities, 
each having a population of 300,- 
000 or more, the rate of mortality 
in Chicago is the lowest of any 
of them, and that it is lower than 
in any of the five largest cities in 
Europe? 

That the wool product of the 
United States is 298,915,730 pounds, 
of which 230,164,650 pounds, or 77 
per cent, is produced in territory 
tributary to Chicago and of which 
117,692,000 pounds is handled by 
railroads centering here? 

That while Chicago is the chief 
wool market of the country and 
while more than 25,000,000 yards 
of woolen goods are annually used 
here in the manufacture of men's 
ware alone, nearly all this cloth is 
made in the Eastern states? 

That the average age of those 
dying in Chicago in 1869 was thir- 
teen years, ten months and twenty- 
eight days, while in 1906 the aver- 
age age was thirty-one years and 
ten months, being an increase in 
thirty-seven years of 129 per cent? 

That the wage pay roll of Chi- 
cago manufactories amounts an- 



DOY— DOY 



94 



DOY— DRA 



nually to $137,000,000 and that in 
the value of its manufactured prod- 
ucts Chicago ranks second in the 
list of American cities? 

That Chicago is the second city 
in the country in rank as to bank 
clearances? 

That despite the financial scare 
in the autumn of 1907, the bank 
clearances of that year in this city 
were $1,040,335,975 greater than in 
190G? 

That the gross per capita indebt- 
edness of Chicago is lower than 
that of any other important city in 
the United States? 

That the minimum price of elec- 
tric light and power is lower in 
Chicago than in any of the twenty - 
three large American cities except- 
ing two? 

That in the twenty-three large 
cities of the country Chicago ranks 
among the fourth lowest in the net 
price charged for gas for light and 
fuel purposes? 

That Chicago has a larger num- 
ber of skilled workmen than any 
other city in the United States and 
that they are not limited to any 
one trade, but are evenly distrib- 
uted among a large number of di- 
versified industries? 

That Chicago is the greatest 
convention city on the continent. 
Since 1832, when the first one was 
held, there have been eighty-one 
national political conventions held 
in the country. Of these sixteen 
have been called in Chicago since 
1860. Prior to that time Baltimore 
held the palm as the convention 
city. In 1907 there were 250 con- 
ventions of various kinds held in 
Chicago, an increase of 50 over 
1906. 

That Chicago has a larger area 
of territory admirably fitted to all 
varieties of manufacturing, located 
on both rail and water lines of 
transportation, than any other of 
the large cities of the country? 

That sites for such industries can 
be secured at very reasonable 
terms and at lower prices than will 
be offered for equally good loca- 
tions anywhere else in the coun- 
try? 



That in the necessary expenses 
of location, facilities of transpor- 
tation, abundance of both skilled 
and common labor, unfailing de- 
mands for every kind of manufac- 
tured product, attractiveness of cli- 
mate and in every essential that 
can contribute to the educational, 
social and moral life of its people, 
no city in the United States can 
rival Chicago? 

That the coal area of Illinois is 
over 40,000 square miles in extent 
and that it produced in 1906> over 
41,500,000 tons of coal valued at 
$45,000,000, of which 14,000,000 tons 
were handled in Chicago? 

That the oil product of Illinois 
in 1907 was 24,000,000 barrels as 
against 4,397,000 in 1906? 

That the State has 9,000 oil pro- 
ducing wells, as against 4,000 in 
1906, yielding about one-half as 
much as the gross product of the 
Russian empire? 

That the product of food fish 
from the Illinois River is 22,000,- 
000 pounds annually, making our 
stream second only to the Colum- 
bia River, which holds first rank of 
all the inland water courses of the 
country? 

That the value of brick and sewer 
pipe made in the state in 1906 was 
$11,669,638 and that most of it was 
made in Cook county? 

Drainage Canal. — In 1889 the Illi- 
nois Legislature enacted a law 
creating the Sanitary District of 
Chicago, which had for its purpose 
the building of a canal from the 
Chicago River to a suitable point 
on the Des Plaines River, the object 
being to divert the flow of sewer- 
age from Lake Michigan, thereby 
purifying the water supply of Chi- 
cago. The work was commenced 
in the year of 1892 and completed 
in 1900. 

The canal extends from Robey 
street and the Chicago River to 
Lockport, 111., a distance of twenty- 
nine miles, where it discharges into 
the Des Plaines River, which in 
turn is an affluent of the Illinois 
River, which empties into the Mis- 
sissippi River. At Lockport there 






DRA— DRA 95 

is a fall of 12 feet, and the flow of 
water is regulated by means of a 
bear-trap dam. With the regula- 
tion flow of 275,000 cubic feet of 
water per minute, quite a valua- 
ble power was thus incidentally 
created. 

Some agitation was started, as 
early as 1897, to make use of this 
power for lighting the streets of 
Chicago, but the known fact that 
by extending the channel to a 
point three-fourths mile furtl sr 
down would give a fall of 34 to 38 
feet, turned the attention of those 
interested toward securing the 
lower site and developing the max- 
imum power. 

While the City of Chicago was 
trying to secure the right to de- 
velop the power for municipal pur- 
poses, private interests offered to 
pay the Sanitary District $5 a year 
per horsepower and make all nec- 
essary improvements to complete 
the development. A lively discus- 
sion of the subject ensued, and the 
proposal was rejected. 

The City of Chicago could not 
raise the necessary money to de- 
velop the power, and the Sanitary 
District did not have the right to 
do so. The only recourse was to 
join forces and secure the neces- 
sary legislation, which was done in 
1903. Some delay ensued pending 
the collection of the special tax 
provided, and actual work was not 
started until 1904, since which time 
it has progressed without reasona- 
ble delay. 

The original scope of the work 
was enlarged to provide for a ship 
canal as far as the power house 
and provision made for immense 
locks to be built at a later date. 
Canal locks are now provided for 
locking boats 22 feet wide and 100 
feet long from the channel to the 
tail-race, which terminates in the 
Des Plaines River at Joliet, from 
which point the old Illinois and 
Michigan Canal is available to the 
Illinois River. 

The close of the year 1907 found 
the initial equipment (16,000 kilo- 
watts) of the power-transmission 
plant on the Chicago Drainage 



DRA— DRA 

Canal practically complete. The 
plant consists of a hydro-electric 
power house at Lockport, 111., with 
four 4,000-kilowatt generating units, 
a 44,000-volt aluminum tranmission 
line about 29y 2 miles long and a 
sub-station at Western avenue and 
the canal, in Chicago, where the 
current is transformed down to 12,- 
000 volts for distribution to local 
points of use. Sixty-cycle, three- 
phase current is generated at 6,000 
volts, and raised in the station to 
the line potential by large trans- 
formers. The whole plant is built 
to have double the initial capacity, 
or 32,000 kilowatts, by extensions 
which can be readily made. 

In every respect the plant is well 
designed and thoroughly and sub- 
stantially built. It is owned and 
operated by the Sanitary District 
of Chicago, a public body organ- 
ized under State law and governed 
by nine trustees elected by the 
people. This board built the Chi- 
cago Drainage Canal and later the 
power plant which this artificial 
waterway affords. About $53,000,- 
000 has been spent on the canal and 
its appurtenances. Sufficient funds 
being available to build the plant 
in first class shape, no legitimate 
expense has been spared to secure 
apparatus and install methods rep- 
resenting the most recent advances 
in the art of electrical power trans- 
mission. The installation is there- 
fore worthy of careful examination 
as representing the most modern 
ideas in hydro-electric work in 
plants of its class. 

Dramatic Agencies. — These es- 
tablishments are kept up by men 
who act as brokers in making en- 
gagements between actors and 
managers of theaters and theatrical 
companies, and they are to be 
found in and about Clark street. 
It is more than probable that while 
they are useful in a business way 
at times, they still exert a perni- 
cious influence upon the stage from 
an artistic standpoint. Agents are 
human and their likes and dislikes 
too often do injustice both to actor 
and public. Their charges vary 



DRE— DRE 

from three to ten per cent for their 
various services, and upon the 
prompt payment of these, and 
other like requirements of the 
agents, more than upon their abili- 
ties, actors now depend for engage- 
ments. The sidewalks adjoining 
these agencies are filled with idle 
actors during the summer months. 

Drexel Boulevard. — (Formerly 
Grove Parkway) is the result of 
the action of a meeting of the 
property owners along its borders 
from the railroad track at Forty- 
first street to Washington Park, 
held about the time (1870) the in- 
itiative was taken on the park im- 
provements, to take into considera- 
tion the proposition of the South 
Park Commissioners to purchase 
the right-of-way for a thorough- 
fare from Egan avenue to the en- 
trance of Washington Park at 
Fifty-first street boulevard. The 
purchase was made, the owners 
receiving sums made up of prices 
which averaged $4,000 per acre. It 
is 200 feet wide from beginning to 
end, the breadth being divided as 
follows: Fifteen feet of sidewalk, 
40 feet of roadway at the sides of 
the planting place in the center 
which is 90 feet wide. The Avenue 
rimperatrice, Paris, is the model 
for Drexel boulevard. In the build- 
ing and ornamentation of the two 
they are exactly similar. The 
Avenue rimperatrice is considered 
the finest street in the world. 
Drexel boulevard is devoted to the 
exclusive use of pleasure, all traf- 
fic over it being forbidden. The 
ornamentation of each block is dis- 
similar. Forest, flower gardens, 
shrubbery, etc., alternate, and the 
walks are shaped in divers wind- 
ing courses. The material of the 
walks is hard blue clay, the drives 
of gravel on a compact graded sur- 
face, the sidewalks of asphalt and 
stone, and the gutters are formed 
by concave slabs of slag, an im- 
perishable material. The swell of 
the planting surface is considerably 
above the driving grade, giving a 
prominent and beautiful appear- 
ance. Trellis work, rustic seats 



90 



DRI— DRI 



and bowers, fountains, etc., are fea- 
tures interspersed through the 
whole length. At the intersection 
of Drexel avenue is a magnificent 
bronze fountain, presented by the 
Misses Drexel, of Philadelphia, in 
memory of their fater, after whom 
the boulevard was named. On each 
side of the boulevard, throughout 
its entire length, the property- 
holders have placed, four feet in- 
side of the fence, lines of stately 
elms. A uniform building line of 
40 feet is established through the 
entire length of the boulevard, giv- 
ing a clear, open space of 280 feet. 
Within these building lines are to 
be seen some of the handsomest 
mansions and prettiest villas of 
Chicago. At the head of the boul- 
evard, a few steps from the Cot- 
tage Grove avenue car line, is the 
"Cottage," from which phaetons 
start at intervals through the day 
for a circuit of the south parks. 
The many attractions of this now 
famous boulevard attract thousands 
of sightseers annually. 

Drift from Farm to City. — The 
large increase in the city popula- 
tion which must derive its suste- 
nance from agriculture without as- 
sisting in any agricultural produc- 
tion should be considered in con- 
nection with the growth of the 
population. One hundred years 
ago the population living in cities 
and towns was only 3.35 per cent, 
while now the city population 
amounts to nearly 70 per cent. 
From the beginning of the nine- 
teenth century the drift from the 
farm to the city steadily increased, 
and hence the work of supplying 
food with the reaping hook and 
cradle grew more ardous with the 
passing years. The wide fields 
were fertile and yielded bountifully 
but the limit of food production 
was soon reached. Something 
more than unlimited natural re- 
sources was needed. Opportuni- 
ties were plentiful enough, but no 
one could embrace them. When it 
became necessary for us to import 
food supplies, economists were 
alarmed but the population con- 
tinued to increase. 



DRI— ELE 



97 



ELE— ELE 



Drives. — The finest drives of Chi- 
cago are upon the boulevards, a 
list of which is given under that 
heading. Every facility in the way 
of horses and vehicles is very 
easily obtainable. 

Drug Trade of Chicago. — Several 
of the largest wholesalers of drugs 
and chemicals in the world are lo- 
cated in Chicago. The volume of 
business in this growing line 
reached $21,500,000 last year, show- 
ing a slight falling off from the 
figures of the preceding year. 

Numerous patent medicines of 
world-wide repute are manufac- 
tured by Chicago drug men. This 
business is an important branch of 
the drug trade, and it is estimated 
that fully $3,000,000 is annually 
spent in Chicago alone for proprie- 
tary medicines. 

The manufacture and sale of oils 
of all kinds reached $15,000,000 last 
year. There are numerous con- 
cerns which produce linseed and 
lubricating oils in enormous quan- 
tities annually, and whose trade ex- 
tends to all parts of the country. 
This product ranks among the best 
in the world's market for purity 
and effectiveness for the purposes 
to which the various oils are de- 
voted. 

Edison Park. — Edison Park is 
just beyond the city limits, and has 
a population of 344. It has well 
paved streets, many charming 
nouses and a great many shade 
trees, it is well situated and is 
growing rapidly. 

Electrical Water Power. — Be- 
tween Lockport and Joliet is the 
waterpower plant capable of de- 
veloping, with a mean head of 
34 feet, 32,000 horsepower. This 
power will be attainable when the 
flow of the canal reaches 600,000 
feet per minute. The power house 
is of concrete construction and has 
eleven turbine chambers, three for 
exciter units and eight for power 
units. The power units are each 
designed to pass 100.000 cubic feet 
at 8-10 discharge. They consist of 
turbines on horizontal axes capable 



of generating 6,500 horespower at 
full gate under 34 feet of head at 
165 revolutions per minute. Each 
power unit is to drive one 4,000 
kilowatt, 3 phase, 6,600 volt gen- 
erator. 

Elevated Railways. 

The Loop.— Office: 311 Fisher 
building. The Union Elevated Loop 
over which all elevated trains run, 
extends east and west on Van Bur- 
en street, with stations at La Salle 
street, Dearborn street, State street, 
runs north on Wabash avenue to 
Lake street, with stations at Adams, 
Madison and Randolph streets, runs 
west on Lake street, with stations 
at State street and Clark street, 
then south on Fifth avenue to Van 
Buren street, with stations at Ran- 
dolph street, Madison street and 
Quincy street. 

The Loop stations are necessa- 
rily of intricate arrangement, and 
the passenger should observe the 
guiding signs as he ascends from 
the street to the train. 

Metropolitan West Side Elevated 
Railway Co. — Offices : 169 Jackson 
boulevard. Fifth avenue terminal 
station, Fifth avenue, south of 
Jackson boulevard. 

Douglas Park Line. — White and 
red signals. From the Loop west 
to Marshfield avenue, south to 
West 21st street, west to South 
48th avenue. Stations at Franklin 
street. Canal street, Halsted street, 
Centre avenue, Laflin street, Marsh- 
field avenue, Polk street, 12th street, 
14th street, 18th street, Wood 
street, Hoyne avenue, Western 
avenue, California avenue, Marshall 
boulevard, Kedzie and Homan ave- 
nues, Clifton Park, Lawndale, South 
40th and 48th avenues. Seven and 
one-fourth miles. 

Garfield Park Line. — Two red 
signals. From the Loop west to 
South 52d avenue. Stations at 
Franklin, Canal and Halsted streets, 
Centre avenue, Laflin street, Marsh- 
field, Ogden, Hoyne, Western, Cali- 
fornia, Sacramento, Kedzie, St. 
Louis avenues and Douglas boule- 
vard, South 40th. 42d, 45th, 48th 



ELE— ELE 



98 



ELE— ELE 



and 52d avenues. Six and one-half 
miles. 

From Marshfield avenue, which is 
the transfer station for all the lines 
of the Metropolitan, from 12 m. to 
5:40 p. m., trains to Loop leave 
every l 1 /* minutes; from 6:17 a.m. 
to 6:50 p. m., \y 2 minutes. Trains 
upon all lines of the Metropolitan 
leave Loop every 5 minutes. Night 
trains every 30 minutes after 12. 

Humboldt Park and North Ave- 
nue Line. — Red and green signals. 
From the Loop west on Van Buren 
street to Marshfield avenue, thence 
northwest to Robey street, west to 
Lawndale avenue. Stations at 
Franklin street, Canal street, Hal- 
sted street, Centre avenue, Laflin 
street, Marshfield avenue, Madison 
street, Lake street, Grand avenue, 
Division street, Robey street, West- 
ern avenue, California avenue, 
Humboldt boulevard, Kedzie ave- 
nue, Ballou street and Lawndale 
avenue. Six and one-fourth miles. 

Logan Square and Milwaukee 
Avenue Lines. — Red and white sig- 
nals. From the Loop west on Van 
Buren street to Marshfield avenue, 
north on Paulina street to Mil- 
waukee avenue and on Milwaukee 
avenue to Logan Square. Six and 
one-half miles. Stations: Frank- 
lin street, Canal street, Halsted 
street, Centre avenue, Laflin street, 
Marshfield avenue, Madison street, 
Lake street, Grand avenue, Chi- 
cago avenue, Division street, Robey 
street, Western avenue, California 
avenue and Logan square. Time to 
Loop from Logan Square, 24 min- 
utes; round Loop, 14 minutes; be- 
tween stations, 1 minute. 

The Northwestern Elevated. — 
Offices: 135 Adams street. 

Route. — After running around 
the Loop, which runs on Lake 
street, Wabash avenue, Van Buren 
street and Fifth avenue, extends 
north on Fifth avenue, Wells street. 
Stations at Wells street (North- 
western Railroad Passenger De- 
pot), Chicago avenue, Oak street, 
Division street, Schiller street, 
Sedgwick street, Larrabee street, 
Halsted street, Willow street, Cen- 



ter street, Webster avenue, Fuller- 
ton avenue, Wrightwood avenue, 
Diversey boulevard, Wellington 
street, Belmont avenue, Clark 
street, Addison street, Grace street, 
Sheridan road, Buena Park, Wil- 
son avenue, which is present termi- 
nus. Six and one-half miles. Serv- 
ice: Express and local every four 
minutes. Night trains every 24 
minutes. The trains on express 
schedule make the run from the 
Loop to Wilson avenue in 18 min- 
utes; locals consume 26 minutes 
and make all stops. 

Ravens wood Branch. — From Ros- 
coe street west to West Ravens- 
wood Park north to between Wil- 
son and Leland avenues, west to 
Kimball avenue. Stations: South- 
port, Paulina, Addison, Lincoln, 
Irving Park boulevard, Montrose, 
Wilson ( Ravenswood ), Robey, 
Western, Rockwell, Francisco and 
Kedzie avenues. 

Chicago and Oak Park Elevated. 
— (Formerly Lake Street Elevated) 
— Offices: 135 Adams street. 

Route. — From the Loop on Lake 
street west to 52d avenue, where it 
runs to the surface and continues 
on South boulevard, in Oak Park, 
to Wisconsin avenue. Stations at 
Canal, Halsted, Morgan, Ann and 
Sheldon streets, Ashland avenue, 
Wood and Robey streets, Oakley, 
Campbell, California, Sacramento, 
Kedzie, Homan, Hamlin, 40th, 44th, 
48th, 52d, Central, Prairie, Austin, 
Lombard, 64th, Oak Park and Wis- 
consin avenues. Local and express 
service. 

South Side Elevated Railroad 
Company. — Offices : 47 Congress 
street. 

Jackson Park Line. — From the 
Loop south and west to alley be- 
tween State street and Wabash 
avenue, south to 40th street, east 
to alley between F'rairie and Calu- 
met avenue, south to 63d street, 
east to Stony Island avenue (Jack- 
son Park). The staions are: Con- 
gress street, 12th street, 18th street, 
22d street, 26th street, 29th street, 
31st street, 33d street, 35th street, 
39th street, Indiana avenue, 43d 



ELE— ELE 



99 



ELG— ELM 



street, 47th street, 51st street, 55th 
street, 58th street, 61st street, South 
Park avenue, Cottage Grove ave- 
nue, Lexington avenue, Madison 
avenue, Stony Island avenue, or, 
Jackson Park, the present terminal. 
Eight and one-fourth miles. Time 
to Jackson Park, '62 minutes. Trains 
every 3^> minutes. Night trains 
every 21 minutes from 12 o'clock. 

Old Congress Street Express 
Trains. — To Jackson Park, stop- 
ping at 12th street, and south of 
Indiana avenue, makes all stops. 
Trains run at short intervals in 
morning and evening rush hours. 

Englewood Line. — Stations at 
State and 59th street, Wentworth 
avenue, 63d street, Parnell avenue 
and 63d street, Halsted and 63d 
streets, Centre avenue and 63d 
street, Loomis and 63d streets. 
Trains every 8 minutes. Express 
and local service. 

Normal Park Line. — Stations at 
65th street and Stewart avenue, 
67th street and Stewart avenue, 
69th street and Normal avenue. 
Trains every 8 minutes. Express 
and local. 

Kenwood Line — Stations at Grand 
boulevard and 40th street, Vincennes 
avenue and 40th street, Cottage Grove 
avenue and 41st street, Drexel boule- 
vard and 41st street, Ellis avenue 
and 41st street, Lake avenue and 41st 
street, 42d street and Oakenwald ave- 
nue. Trains every 8 minutes. Ex- 
press and local. 

Elevators, Grain. — The grain ele- 
vators, now so monumental of Chi- 
cago's commerce, had reached, up 
to 1851, no more imposing ingenu- 
ity than that by which a mule was 
stationed on the roof of a ware- 
house, by whose traction the lift 
was effected. In the year named, the 
first steam elevator was erected. 
These, however, are to be taken 
rather in the mechanical sense, as 
the, separate business of storing 
grain for the trade was of gradual 
and later development. At present 
the total capacity of Chicago's 
seventy-nine huge grain elevators 
is 58,675,000 bushels. The separate 



capacity of these elevators is from 
500,000 bushels (the smallest) to 
2,000,000 (the largest). They are 
located in close proximity to the 
river and railroads, enabling ves- 
sels and cars to load and unload 
direct. These huge structures can 
scarcely be regarded as ornamental 
but they serve a most useful pur- 
pose — and to that purpose, as 
much, if not more than anything 
else, Chicago may attribute her 
marvelous growth. Some of the 
larger elevators cost $500,000, and 
12,000,000 feet of lumber was con- 
sumed in their construction. They 
are about 155 feet in height and as 
many in length. It requires 100 
employes to run a grain elevator, 
and 1,000-horsepower engines, cost- 
ing $50,000, to drive the ponderous 
machinery. The "marine leg," a 
feature of these elevators, is a de- 
vice ninety feet in length, vertical, 
consisting of an endless belt in a 
movable leg, to which belt are at- 
tached buckets capable of carrying 
eighteen pounds each. The eleva- 
tor is carried on guides, and will 
lift sixty feet, taking grain from 
the hold of the largest vessel at 
the rate of 10,000 bushels an hour; 
with the "marine leg," vessels hold- 
ing 50,000 bushels are unloaded in 
five hours. One of these elevators 
loaded a propeller with a cargo 
consisting of 95,000 bushels of corn 
in one hour and twenty-five min- 
utes, 

Elgin. — Elgin is 42.5 miles from 
Chicago, and has a population of 
25,000. Many wealthy Chicagoans 
have their homes here. There are 
two public parks of considerable 
size and several smaller ones. 
Through its center flows the Fox 
River, to the west of which is a 
bluff of considerable height and on 
the summit lies a beautiful resi- 
dence section. 

Elmhurst. — Elmhurst is 16 miles 
from Chicago, and has a population 
of 1,728. The city has all modern 
conveniences, and the Elmhurst 
Golf Club links are first class. Elm- 
hurst is growing rapidly and is one 
of the city's most important sub- 



ELM— EMP 

urbs. Many of the Chicago people 
have their homes there. 

Elmwood Cemetery — Non-Sec- 
tarian. — This cemetery is situated 
just outside the city and east of 
the beautiful Des Plaines River and 
inside of the proposed outer belt 
park system. Comprises over 400 
acres, being the largest of all Chi- 
cago's cemeteries. The soil is pe- 
culiarly adapted to cemetery pur- 
poses, and the deep surface loam 
produces that richness of verdure 
so essential to the beauty of the 
grounds, while the sandy and the 
gravelly subsoil assures absolute 
dryness of graves. In this respect 
Elmwood is unrivaled. Portions 
of Elmwood are covered with a 
fine native growth of trees, and 
where such growth was wanting 
the deficiency has been supplied by 
art. Extensive nurseries have been 
established on the grounds, and 
thousands of trees and shrubs have 
been set out to beautify the cem- 
etery. The whole tract is high 
rolling land, sloping in a gentle 
declivity in the direction of the 
DesPlaines River, into which the 
private sewer system empties. The 
drainage is thus excellent, and with 
the splendid altitude and admir- 
able environments all combine to 
make Elmwood the ideal burial 
ground. With its miles of mac- 
adamized driveways and avenues, 
beds and beautiful flowers, lakes, 
grand monuments, perfect water 
and drainage systems, Elmwood is 
destined to take foremost rank 
among the great cemeteries of the 
world. The completion of the con- 
templated great park system around 
Chicago, part of which will extend 
along the DesPlaines River, will 
greatly enhance its value and 
beauty. 

Elmwood has three entrances: 
Grand avenue carriage entrance on 
the east, School street on the west, 
and the railroad entrance at River 
Grove station on the south, the sta- 
tion being situated at the entrance. 

Employment Agencies. — There 
are a number of these useful bu- 
reaus in the city. Refer to the City 



100 



ERR— EVA 



Directory or the want columns of 
the various newspapers for the 
names and locations. 

Erring Woman's Refuge. — On 

Indiana avenue, between Fiftieth 
and Fifty-first streets. It can be 
reached by Indiana avenue car on 
the Wabash avenue electric line. 
This institution dates back to 1865. 
But it was not until 1890 that the 
present building, which cost $60,- 
000 and will accommodate 100 
women, was opened to the public. 
The ground cost $11,000. It is 
built of red brick and limestone, 
with all necessary conveniences 
and appurtenances. The third and 
fourth floors are devoted to dormi- 
tories and bathrooms. On the 
fourth floor are two lock-ups lined 
with corrugated iron. This is an 
improvement on the underground 
dungeon, for a refractory inmate 
would hesitate before flinging her- 
self from the fourth story out of 
spite. This is considered one of 
the best managed institutions in the 
city. From 14 to 20 is the usual 
limit of ages of the inmates, and 
as a rule they are of the ignorant, 
hard-working class, to whom life 
has always been a harsh task-mas- 
ter. They come to the Refuge by 
various routes, a great many from 
the justice courts, although there is 
no law on the statute books which 
authorizes either commitment or 
reception by the Refuge. If they 
desire, a writ of habeas corpus will 
at any time release them. The aim 
of the management is to restore 
them to themselves and to teach 
them housework, plain sewing, and 
dress-making, the appeal being 
made to their moral and religious 
natures. From 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. 
daily are visiting hours. 

Evanston. — Evanston is 12 miles 
from Chicago and has a population 
of 24,000. It is known for its clean 
streets, beautiful homes, fine shade 
trees and well kept lawns. Evans- 
ton is the first suburb north of Chi- 
cago, and extends about three miles 
north and south along the shore of 
Lake Michigan. 

The Northwestern University is 



EXC— EXC 



101 



EXC— EXP 



located in Evanston, except its 
schools of law, dentistry, medicine, 
and pharmacy. At Chicago ave- 
nue and Church street, close to 
Davis street station, is the beauti- 
ful new postoffice, and one block 
east is the fine new public library, 
containing 50,000 volumes. A short 
distance south and east of Davis 
street station is a small park, about 
which are grouped four of the prin- 
cipal churches, and the home-like 
building of the Evanston Club. 
The Y. M. C. A. has a fine build- 
ing, with billiard room, swimming 
tank, gymnasium, etc., on Orring- 
ton avenue, near Davis street. 
South of the University campus 
and half a mile along the lake shore 
is a beautiful park, with an ideal 
location. 

Exchange s. — Architectural Iron 
League, 906 Chamber of Commerce 
building-. 

Board of Trade, La Salle and Jack- 
son blvd. 

Board of Trade Clearing House, La 
Salle street and Jackson blvd. 

Builder's and Trader's Exchange, 
Chamber of Commerce building. 

Chicago Butter and Egg Board, 28, 
152 Lake street. 

Chicago Feed Dealers' Association, 
924 N. Halsted street. 

Chicago Metal Trades Association, 
1610, 59 Clark street. 

Coal Exchange, 1638 Monadnock 
block. 

Commercial Exchange, 802 Masonic 
Temple. 

Flour Exchange of Chicago, 19, 154 
Lake street. 

Fruit & Vegetable Shippers' Ex- 
change. Marine building, Lake and 
La Salle streets. 

Live Stock Exchange, Exchange 
building. Stock Yards. 

Lumber Dealers' Association of Chi- 
cago, 159 La Salle street. 

Lumbermen's Association, 619, 138 
Washington street. 

National Butter League, 108 La 
Salle street. 

Iron League of Chicago, 906 Cham- 
ber of Commerce building. 

Open Board of Trade, 256 Clark 
street. 

Open Board of Trade Clearing 
House. 3. 256 Clark street. 

Produce Exchange, Marine building, 
Lake and La Salle streets. 

Real Estate Board, 57 Dearborn 
street. 

Stock Exchange, Chicago Stock 
Exchange building. 

Union Stock Yards & Transit Co., 
Exchange building, Stock Yards. 

Excursions. — The true Chicagoan 
is very fond of frequent outings in 



the surrounding country, or upon 
the lake, and excursions of every 
kind are numerous throughout the 
summer. Several lake steamers are 
maintained for excursions to St. 
Joseph and other lake towns, while 
the railroads have an enormous 
business on Saturdays and Sun- 
days. The palatial passenger 
steamers of the popular Graham & 
Morton Line will be found at their 
wharf, 48 River street. Boats leave 
Chicago daily at 9:30 a. m. and 
11:30 p. m. for all leading points 
on Lake Michigan. The trip to 
St. Joe, Benton Harbor and Holland, 
on either of the splendid steamers 
"City of Chicago," "City of Benton 
Harbor," "Puritan" and "Holland" 
is something to be remembered with 
genuine pleasure. 

The Northern Michigan Trans- 
portation Com pan y, docks east end 
of Michigan street, is operating an 
elegant line of palatial steamers be- 
tween Chicago and the beautiful 
Straits of^ Mackinac. Among the 
places of interest reached are Lud- 
ington, Manistee, Frankfort, Trav- 
erse City, Charlevoix, Petoskey, 
Mackinac Island and Sheboygan. 
A summer tour via this magnificent 
line of steamers is an enjoyment 
of a nature unsurpassed. 

The Goodrich Transportation 
Company^ passenger and fast 
freight line to all points on Lake 
Michigan and Green Bay, office 
and dock foot of Michigan avenue, 
is entitled to great credit for the 
magnificent steamers which carry 
many thousand excursionists dur- 
ing the summer months. The boats 
of this line never lay up during 
any season of the year. 

The Lake Michigan and Lake 
Superior Transportation Company 
have a line of steamers making tri- 
weekly trips for Mackinac, Sault 
Ste. Marie and Duluth. Dock cor- 
ner of Rush and North Water 
streets. 

Expense of City Growing. — Un- 
der existing law the city authori- 
ties can issue bonds whenever they 
choose, provided a margin of bond- 
issuing power remains at their dis- 



EXP— EXP 



102 



EXP— EXP 



posal. As the municipal govern- 
ment staggers on, its burdens con- 
tinually increasing and its revenues 
continually falling short of its ex- 
penses, it supports itself in part 
with bond issues whenever the 
sinking fund drains somewhat the 
brimming morass of bonded in- 
debtedness. 

How great has been the increase 
in the city's expenses during the 
last few years. The total has risen 
from $11,707,000 to $23,010,000 
within a decade. The sum ex- 
pended for salaries by the city has 
increased enormously. Proceeds of 
bond issues, it is asserted, have 
been utilized in part to pay current 
expenses. It is, of course, a sound 
principle of finance that all money 
for pay rolls and other expenses 
that bring no permanent benefit 
should come from a city's annual 
revenues and not from bond issues. 

Exploitation of Immigrant Chil- 
dren. — The enforcement of the 
present provisions of the Illinois 
Child Labor Law with those of 
the Compulsory Education Law 
were acting as a steady deterrent 
against the importation of immi- 
grant children, a constant stream 
of whom have for many years been 
sent over to their countrymen that 
their labor might be exploited. 
The importation of these children, 
whether to indifferent relatives or 
to padrones, is being permanently 
checked as the news reaches the 
old country that they cannot go 
to work until they have been to 
school long enough to lear. to read 
and write. 

Exports from Chicago. — The ex- 
ports of canned beef for the fiscal 
year ended June 30, 1908, aggre- 
gated 15,809,826 pounds, of which 
11,087,891 pounds, valued at $1,134,- 
672, were sent to Europe. 

Our exports of beef, salted or 
pickled, aggregated 62,645,281 
pounds, of which 39,333,039 pounds 
were exported to Europe. 

Our exports of tallow aggregated 
127,857,739 pounds, of which 119,- 
161,438 pounds were shipped to 
European markets. 

Of bacon, we exported 250,418,- 



699 pounds, valued at $26,470,972, 
of which 238,349,226 pounds were 
shipped to European markets. 

Our exports of hams aggregated 
209,481,496 pounds, valued at $23,- 
698,207, of which 195,610,643 pounds 
were consigned to European mar- 
kets. 

Of lard, our exports aggregated 
627,559,760 pounds, valued at $57,- 
497,980, of which 437,772,320 pounds 
were sold in the chief markets of 
Europe. 

Our exports of wheat flour for 
the year, aggregated 15,584,667 
barrels, valued at $62,175,397, of 
which 7,927,215 bushels were 
shipped to Europe, 4,241,389 bush- 
els to Asia, and 2,080,314 bushels 
to Africa. 

Our exports of wheat aggregated 
76,569,423 bushels, valued at $60,- 
214,388, of which 68,267,186 bushels, 
valued at $53,855,927, were shipped 
to Europe, 3,508,696 bushels to 
Asia, and 2,080,314 bushels to Af- 
rica. 

Our exports of corn aggregated 
83.300,708 bushels, valued at $44,- 
262,816, of which 67,339,302 bushels, 
valued at $35,529,936, were shipped 
to Europe. 

Express Business. — No matter 
where you live there's an express 
office somewhere in reach of you 
in case you have need for its serv- 
ices. It is about as nearly im- 
portant as is the United States 
postoffice. In fact, in the money 
order business it is a competitor 
of the postoffice department, and 
in this respect I would get sore if 
I were a postmaster general in 
reading the advertisements of some 
of these companies, which declare 
they have the "safest system in 
the world" in money orders. Above 
the four pounds prescribed weight 
for domestic parcels post, too, the 
express company is a competitor, 
but the postoffice department never 
has seemed to care particularly 
about the parcels business. 

To the average man in reach of 
his nearby express office, however, 
it is doubtful if he knows how 
many uses he may make of the 



EXP— EXP 



103 



EXP— EYE 



company agent representing it, 
with his office, perhaps in the local 
railway station. 

The city man knows he can pay 
gas and electric light bills there; 
they will send him a money order; 
they will bring him an express 
package a thousand miles and col- 
lect for it, or carry a package for 
him another thousand miles and 
accept his prepaid charges on it. 

But this a little more than a 
beginning of what it will do for 
him. Does he know that if any 
town or city where the company 
has an agent, the company will 
send to any store in town or city, 
buy a bill of goods for him, ac- 
cording to his directions, and de- 
liver his purchases to him on ex- 
press time schedules? If at some 
distant point he desires to file a 
legal document the express com- 
pany will receipt for it, file it, and 
return receipt for it. 

That person who from a distance 
visits a city, gets hard ,up, and 
pawns articles of value in order to 
get home again on the proceeds, 
may use the express company later 
to redeem the goods and return 
them. He may buy letters of credit 
of the company, payable in any of 
the capitals of Europe in European 
money, and may exchange United 
States money for the currency of 
any particular realm of that con- 
tinent; or, returning, he may ask 
of it to enter any import at any 
port, paying the duties for him or 
shipping it home to him in bond. 
In short, the express company, 
through its wide reaching agencies, 
will transact virtually any legiti- 
mate business for him, the com- 
pany acting as his agent. 

But according to the history of 
the express business in its begin- 
ning, all these are no more than 
could be expected of the express 
companies of the country. 

How this business of the ex- 
press companies has grown is 
shown in the 1907 report of the 
bureau of labor. Looking no fur- 
ther back than the census of 1890, 
when there were only eighteen 
companies in the country, the num- 



ber has increased to thirty-four 
companies, with a total mileage of 
235,903 by steam railroads, electric 
lines, steamboat and stage. In this 
year 1907 the official figures of the 
express companies in general show- 
ed enormous increase in seventeen 
years: 

Number of express companies, 34. 

Mileage operated over all lines, 
235,903. 

Value of equipment and fixtures, 
$9,641,443. 

Number of employes, 79,284. 

Expenditures, $115,033,204. 

Receipts, $128,117,176. 

Number of money orders issued, 
14,014,960. 

Looking at this tabulation as 
compared with the figures of seven- 
teen years ago, the most significant 
facts are shown in the percentage 
of increase in the number of com- 
panies operating, the mileage over 
water lines, the number of em- 
ployes, and the number of money 
orders issued. 

Express Companies. — Adams Ex- 
press Company, 63 Washington st, 
1252 Milwaukee av. 823 Root st, 626 
W. 63d st, 850 W. Madison st, 1726 
N. Clark st, 4310 Cottage Grove av, 
9204 Commercial av. 

American Express Company, 76 
Monroe st, 271 35th st, 4108 S. Hal- 
sted st, 532 W. 63d st, 534 E. 63d st, 
C. & N. Depot, 968 W. Madison st, 
851 Clybourn av. 

Pacific Express Company, 307 Dear- 
born st, 852 W. Madison st, 320 Dear- 
born st. 

United States Express Company, 87 
Washington st, R. I. and L. S. 
Depot, 9145 Commercial av, 44 Ful- 
lerton av, 849 W. 42d st, 954 W. 
Madison st, 240 31st st, B. & O. 
Depot, C. & A. Depot, C, M. & St. P. 
Depot. 

Wells-Fargo & Co. Express Com- 
pany, 112 Dearborn st, 538 W. 63d 
st, Polk St. Depot, 852 W. Madison st, 
1248 Milwaukee av. 

National Express Company, 189 La 
Salle st. 

Northhern Express Company, 191 
La Salle st. 

Northhern Pacific Express Com- 
pany, 189 La Salle st. 

Brennan's Special Parcel Delivery, 
58 Plymouth ct. 

Brink's Express, 84 Washington st. 

Parmelee's Omnibus and Baggage, 
132 Adams st. 

Eye and Ear Infirmary, The Chi- 
cago. — Is located at 206 East 
Washington street. Advice and 



FAC— FAC 

medicine are furnished free of cost 
to the poor afilicted with diseases 
of the eye and ear. 

Factory Inspection. — By an act 

of the Legislature in force July 1, 
1893, the Governor appoints a fac- 
tory inspector, an assistant inspec- 
tor and ten deputy inspectors, five 
of them women, to investigate 
manufacturing establishments, par- 
ticularly with a view to their sani- 
tary condition and the enforce- 
ment of the law against the em- 
ployment of children under 14 years 
of age. They also see that the 
provisions against "sweatshops" or 
factories in living and sleeping 
apartments are carried out. The 
term of the factory inspector is 
four years; his assistant and the 
deputies hold office during good 
behavior. 

The Chicago ofBce of the factory 
inspector is at Room 1101 No. 188 
Madison street. 

Facts About Chicago. — Chicago 
is destined to be the first city of 
America; is the largest hog mar- 
ket in the world; is the largest cat- 
tle market in the world; is the 
largest lumber market in the world; 
is the greatest grain market in 
the world; is the greatest stove 
market in the world; is the 
largest packing center in the 
world; is the greatest rail- 
way center in the world; Chi- 
cago has the largest stock yards in 
the world; has the finest hotel 
buildings in the world; has the 
largest office buildings in the 
world; has a greater area than any 
city in America; has the greatest 
elevator capacity in the world; has 
the largest agricultural implement 
manufactory in the world; has 
the largest commercial building in 
the world; has the greatest retail 
dry goods house in the world; has 
the largest cold storage building in 
the world; has the largest library 
circulation in the United States; 
has the largest percentage of 
bank reserves in America; has the 
most complete water system in the 
world, 



104 



FAI— FAR 



Fair Sex. — Nowhere in all the 
world has the intermingling of the 
strength, beauty, and intellect of 
the nations of the earth produced 
so perfect an ensemble as in the 
ladies of Chicago. They excel all 
their sisters in the fairness of their 
features, the perfection . of their 
forms, and the vigor of their men- 
tal operations. In the cosmopoli- 
tan city of Chicago we have repre- 
sentatives of every race under the 
sun, and in the Chicago woman we 
have the perfected type of the 
whole. Notwithstanding slurs of 
envious neighboring cities, the Chi- 
cagoenne is refined, dainty, and 
high-minded; as tasteful in her 
dress and appearance as a Pari- 
sienne. She is a quick-witted and 
brilliant conversationalist, an un- 
equaled hostess; and, above all, a 
loyal wife and tender mother. She 
is first at the bedside of the sick 
and in comforting the distressed. 
She can also assist her husband in 
his business. 

Farming Machinery. — The manu- 
facture of farming implements and 
machinery in Chicago approximates 
$50,000,000 annually, and in this re- 
spect Chicago long has led any 
other manufacturing city on the 
continent. The latest implements 
known to the science of husbandry 
are manufactured here in limitless 
supply and the market for the 
product reaches to every quarter 
of the globe. Hundreds of jobbers 
and wholesalers handle farming 
machinery and the annual trade 
transacted reaches into many mill- 
ions each year. The market is 
specialized so that retailers in all 
parts of the country may secure 
just what they want immediately 
and in any amount desired. 

Every style of machine required 
in the world of industry may be 
found in Chicago stocks. The mak- 
ing of elevating and conveying ma- 
chinery especially has risen to a 
high plane and scores of machine 
shops are engaged in this branch 
of the industry. The value of the 
machinery manufactured in Chi- 
cago annually reaches $30,000,000, 
while the products of the foundries 



FED— FIE 



105 



FIE— FIE 



exceed $70,000,000. In these work- 
shops are produced railway sup- 
plies of every description, en- 
gineers' supplies, pneumatic tools, 
etc. 

Federal Offices. — Appraiser's office, 
Harrison and Sherman streets. 

Army Headquarters, New Post 
Office. 

Barge Office, 2 River street. 

Circuit Court, New Post Office. 

Civil Service Examiners, 41 Post 
Office bldg. 

Customs Department, New Post 
Office. 

Department Commerce and Labor, 
New Post Office. 

Department of the Interior, New 
Post Office. 

District Attorney's Office, New 
Post Office. 

District Court, New Post Office. 

Engineer's Office — 1637 Indiana 
avenue. 

Fort Sheridan — Twenty-four miles 



Jackson Park, the exposition site. 
The founding of an institution of 
this character in Chicago was made 
by the gift of $1,000,000 by Mar- 
shall Field, who on his death be- 
queathed the institution a further 
$8,000,000, $4,000,000 for the erec- 
tion of a permanent building and 
$4,000,000 for endowment. Other 
individuals have donated $500,000, 
and there is an annual income from 
other sources than endowment of 
about $25,000. The citizens of Chi- 
cago have confirmed legislative 
provision for the levy of a tax for 
the maintenance of the museum 
when the new building shall have 
been erected, which it is estimated 
will produce approximately $100,- 
000 per annum. 



^^inrimrinririh^^S 



.. ,-,.,,. - .. ., )tri 




tamm 



fitr ^ 



HHhBH 



The Field Museum, Jackson Park, Chicago. 



north of Chicago, on C. & N. W. Ry. 

Hydrographic Office, New Post 
Office. 

Internal Revenue Department, New 
Post Office. 

Lighthouse Department, New Post 
Office. 

Life Saving Department, New Post 
Office. 

Marine Hospital, Clarendon and 
Graceland avenues and 9204 Commer- 
cial avenue, New Post Office. 

Marshal's Office, New Post Office. 

Naval Office, New Post Office. 

Pension Agency, New Post Office. 

New Post Office, Adams, Dearborn, 
Jackson and Clark streets. 

Recruiting Office, U. S. N., New 
Post Office. 

Secret Service, New Post Office. 

Sub-Treasury. New Post Office. 

Weather Bureau, New Post Office. 

Field Museum.— The Field Mu- 
seum of Natural History was es- 
tablished in 1894 at the close of 
the World's Columbian Exposition 
of 1893; occupies the temporary 
building erected for fine arts in 



The museum is incorporated un- 
der state law and the administra- 
tive control rests in a board of 
trustees, with president, secretary, 
etc. The executive of the museum 
is the director, under whom there 
are four head curators, with di- 
visional assistant curators, prepara- 
tors, etc. The entire museum rec- 
ords, the accessions system, the 
historical files, publications and 
supplies are in charge of a re- 
corder. 

The nucleus of the exhibition 
material was gathered by gift and 
purchase at the World's Columbian 
Exposition. Most of this material 
has been rearranged, readapted or 
discarded. Several departments 
created at the organization have 
been abandoned, until after the 
lapse of eleven years and the ex- 
penditure of over $2,000,000, the 





-•zi I :iWM * 
&ltM £s r£ cs H 5 

- - ~ .-; ~ ~ ;■-:- -. 
BMW I i llip 

'Mirii'iiH'BrB|l&\f& 

" - . - - 




(10G) 



FIE— FIR 



107 



FIR— FIR 



museum is now divided into four 
departments — zoology, geology, 
botany and anthropology. Many 
expeditions for the purpose of ob- 
taining study, exhibition and ex- 
change material and data have been 
dispatched to all parts of North 
America and to different countries. 
Two courses of free lectures are 
given annually. The museum has 
a working library of about 50,000 
titles, an extensive exchange sys- 
tem, a herbarium of 260,000 sheets, 
study collections in mammals and 
birds reaching many thousand 
specimens; a large two-story taxi- 
dermy section, a well-equipped 
printing shop, illustration studies 
and assaying rooms. In North 
American ethnology, in economic 
botany, and in the world's miner- 
alogy the museum is prominent. 
The present main building covers 
nine acres and is open to the pub- 
lic on all days except Christmas 
and Thanksgiving. A fee of 25 
cents is charged except on Satur- 
days and Sundays, when admission 
is free to all. Scholars, students 
and teachers are admitted free at 
all times. 



Fire Department. — 


Data. 


Uniform firemen...... 


1,780 


Not uniform 


200 


Engine companies 


117 


Hook and ladder Cos. 


34 


Chemical engine Cos.. 


15 


Fire boats 


4 


Horses 


700 


Hose feet 


300,000 


Hose, miles 


60 


Fire engines 


117 


Hook & ladder trucks. 


34 


Expense, 1909 


$5,000,000.00 


Salaries 


3,300,000 00 


35 new engine houses. 


2,000,000.00 


Average fire alarms for 




year 


10,000 


Average loss per fire.. 


$629.00 


Area guarded by de- 




partm't, square miles 


196 


Average yearly proper- 




ty loss by fire 


$4,000,000.00 


Fire alarm boxes 


2,000 


Fire Apparatus — Cost. 


Fire boats 


$ 160,000.00 


Water towers 


9,500.00 



Steam engines 

Chemical fire engines.. 

Chemical engines and 
hose carts combined. 

Steam heaters 

Hook & ladder trucks. 

4-wheeled hose carts.. 

Hose wagons 

Supply wagons 

Fuel wagons 

Fire marshal's wagons 

Chemical extinguishers 
and portable pumps. 

Siamese connections . . 

Horses 

Relief valves 

Hose 

Tools and machinery, 
repair shop 

Stock and supplies, re- 
pair shop 

Engine patterns 

Furniture, bed and bed- 
ding 

Harness, horse blankets 
and stable furniture. 

Stationery and office 
supplies 

Steam heating appara- 
tus 

Hose pipes, nozzles, 
ladders, rope, etc .... 

Departm't badges, caps, 
devices and buttons. 

Miscell'n'ous supplies, 
store room 



,$ 415,000 
18,000.00 

8,000.00 

10,000.00 

54,500.00 

19,500.00 

16,000.00 

1,000.00 

2,500.00 

7,500.00 

824.00 

4,600.00 

47,957.50 

7,400.00 

137,204.30 

12,525.00 

6,775.00 
2,300.00 

45,492.74 

10,166.00 

1,000.00 
12,820.00 
10,000.00 

1,500.00 
410.00 



Total equipment fire 

department $1,022,475.34 

Real estate 1,000,000.00 



Grand total $2,022,475.31 

Salaries — 
Fire marshal and chief of 

brigade $6,000 

First assistant fire marshal.. 4,500 
Second assistant fire marshal. 4,000 

Third assistant 3,200 

Secretary 2,400 

Fire department attorney.... 2,750 

Chief of batallion 2,750 

Captains, first class 1,650 

Captains, second class 1,450 

Lieutenants, first class 1,290 

Lieutenants, second class.... 1,200 

Engineers, first class 1,380 

Engineers, second class 1,260 

Asst. engineers, first class... 1,150 



FIR— FIR 108 



FIR— FIR 



Asst. engineers, second class. $1,050 
F'ipemen, truckmen and driv- 
ers, first class 1,134 

F'ipemen, truckmen and driv- 
ers, second class 1,050 

Pipemen, truckmen and driv- 
ers, third class 960 

Pipemen, truckmen and driv- 
ers, fourth class 840 

Pilots 1,300 

Candidates 800 

Stokers 1,080 

Watchmen 800 

Hostlers 900 

Chief clerk 2,000 



Operators $1,700 

Assistant operators 1,400 

Fire Limits. — Belmont avenue on 
the north to Seventy-fifth street on 
the south, and from Lake Michi- 
gan on the east to South Fifty- 
second avenue on the west. 

Fire Loss of 1871.— The total 
area of the burned district was 
2,124 acres, or nearly Uhree and 
one-third square miles. The total 
number of buildings destroyed was 
17,500. The entire district, now 
known as "within the loop," was 




Plan Showing Burned District After the Fire of 1871. 



Storekeeper 1,800 

Clerk and stenographer 1,200 

Superintendent of horses (in- 
cluding medicine) 2,400 

Superintendent of machinery 1,500 
Fire Alarm Telegraph — Main of 
fice — 

Chief operator . $4,000 

Chief construction 2,500 

Operators 1,700 

Assistant operators 1,400 

Repairer 1,100 

Chief electrical repair shop.. 1,800 

Branch offices — 
Assistant chief operator $1,800 



laid in ashes. It contained a ma- 
jority of the finest buildings in 
Chicago of that day, all of them 
filled with valuable merchandise 
and other property. In this di- 
vision there were burned 1,600 
stores, twenty-eight hotels, sixty 
manufacturing plants and the 
homes of more than 22,000 people. 
On the north side 600 stores, 100 
manufacturing plants of every de- 
scription and 13,000 dwellings were 
burned. On the west side, where 
the fire started, a district of 194 
acres was swept by the flames, de- 



FIR— FIR 



109 



FIR— FIV 



stroying 500 buildings and render- 
ing 2,500 working people homeless. 
The losses aggregated a grand 
total of $196,000,000. The losses 
on buildings amounted to $53,080,- 
000; on produce, $78,700,000; on 
personal property, $58,710,000; mis- 
cellaneous losses, $378,000. The 
municipal losses included the City 
Hall, bridges, water works, mains, 
sewers, etc., and reached a total of 
$2,415,180. Of the. church losses, 
the Catholics suffered to the extent 
of $1,350,000; the Methodists, $355,- 
000; Baptists, $80,000; Episcopa- 
lians, $337,500; Presbyterians, $465,- 
000; Unitarians, $175,00; Jewish 
synagogues, $55,000. 

First Baptist Church. — This is 

one of the oldest church organiza- 
tions in Chicago, dating back to 
October 19, 1833, when the Rev. 
Allen B. Freeman, who was its 
first pastor, organized it with only 
fifteen members. The edifice oc- 
cupied by the congregation of this 
church today is one of the hand- 
somest pieces of church architect- 
ure in the city. The church is lo- 
cated on South Park avenue, cor- 
ner Thirty-first street. 

First Methodist Episcopal Church 

would be a very difficult one to 
find, if the stranger who desired 
to attend services started out to 
look for the usual style of build- 
ing indicating a church edifice. In 
1857 the congregation erected a 
business block in the very heart of 
the city, Clark and Washington 
streets, devoting the ground floors 
to stores from which they receive 
a handsome revenue, and using the 
upper portion as their church, ex- 
cept a small part devoted to offices, 
which brings them an additional 
good revenue. 

First National Bank Building. — 

Located on Dearborn and Monroe 
streets. This magnificent central- 
ly located office building has a 
frontage of 192 feet on Dearborn 
street and 232 feet on Monroe 
street. It rises to a height of 
seventeen stories, covering an area 
of 44,544 square feet. All offices 



are entirely light and up-to-date 
in every way. Seventeen elevators 
are in service. 

First School System. — A per- 
manent school system was estab- 
lished in 1840. Five years later the 
Dearborn school building was 
erected on Madison street, opposite 
McVic'ker's Theater. In 1850 the 
teaching force consisted of eight- 
een teachers, with an enrollment of 
1,919 pupils. In 1871 there were 
572 teachers, with forty-one school 
buildings and eleven other buildings 
on leased ground. At the same time 
there were 192 parishes, or separate 
religious communities, all but thir- 
ty-six of which had church build- 
ings. Among them were twenty- 
five Catholic parishes, with twelve 
convents and numerous parochial 
schools. There were also five Jew- 
ish synagogues. The value of all 
church property at the time of the 
great fire of 1871 was $10,350,000. 

First Waterworks. — The Chicago 
Hydraulic Company, the forerun- 
ner of Chicago's great waterworks 
system, began operations in 1840, 
and two years later had a pumping 
station in operation at Lake street 
and Michigan avenue. Wooden 
pipes were laid in the streets, and 
in 1850 nine and one-quarter miles 
of pipe had been laid. 

Fisher Building. — The Fisher 
Building is located at Van Buren 
and Dearborn streets. The Fisher 
Building has about as many offices 
as any other building in Chicago, 
and a large number of the big coal 
companies have their offices here. 
The building is twenty stories high. 

Fishing. — Good angling is almost 
restricted to the lake, where about 
the only fish to be caught is the 
yellow perch. Within easy dis- 
tance, however, are many rivers 
abounding in finny prey, and fish- 
ing excursions are quite numerous. 

Five- Year Comparison of City 
Budget and Expenditure. — 

Appropriation. Expenses. 

1909 $45,702,316 

1908 51,193,634 $40,333,854 

1907 49,447,783 45,322,386 



FLO— FOR 110 



FOR— FOR 



190G $40,103,291 $39,340,380 

1005 30,782,270 34,891,449 

Flowers. — Street venders of flow- 
ers are to be found located at 
prominent and frequented spots 
along State street, Wabash, Michi- 
gan, and other avenues. 

In summer, when flowers are 
plentiful, and consequently low- 
priced, children with a board full 
of nosegays and boutonnieres infest 
the street corners, vending their 
wares for five cents a bunch. In 
winter, however, the price of bou- 
tonnieres is increased to ten cents. 
Florists' establishments are to be 
found in numbers in the principal 
South Side business districts. Most 
of the florists act as middlemen, 
purchasing their flowers from the 
growers and arranging them in or- 
der. The price of flowers varies 
very much with the seasons, being 
as a rule cheaper in June and most 
expensive at holiday time, when 
the demand is greatest. Bouquets 
command an average price from $3 
upward, and baskets from $5 up- 
ward. Window gardening has been 
increasing in popularity during the 
last few years, and the result is a 
vast improvement in the general 
appearance of the city. Window 
boxes full of bright, fresh green, 
relieved by bits of color, now flour- 
ish in front of the principal hotels 
and restaurants as well as many 
private houses. The prettiest boxes 
are those made of tiles set in a 
frame of dark wood, which may be 
had at very reasonable .prices. 
Frequently plants can be purchased 
at the Haymarket (which see). 

Foreign Consuls. — Argentine Re- 
public, 120 Michigan avenue, Con- 
sul, Eduardo Oldendorf. 

Austria-Hungary, 816, 184 La 
Salle street, Consul-General, Alex- 
ander de Nuber. 

Belgium, 506, 217 La Salle street, 
Consul, Charles Henrotin. 

Bolivia, 1502,181 La Salle street, 
Consul, Frederick W. Harnwell. 

Brazil, 206, 19 Wabash avenue, 
Consul, Stuart R. Alexander. 

Chile, 57 Twenty-second street, 
Consul, M. J. Steffens. 



Costa Rica, 188 Madison street, 
Consul, Berthold Singer. 

Cuba, 504, 188 Madison street, 
Consul, Louis F:Vallin. 

Denmark, 407, 50 Dearborn 
street, Consul, George Beek. 

Dominican Republic, 832, 204 
Dearborn street, Consul, Frederick 
W. Job. 

Eucador, Fourth floor, 160 Ad- 
ams street, Consul, Louis J. Millet. 

France, 1511, 59 Clark street, 
Consul, Baron Houssin de St. Lau- 
rent. 

German Empire, 1405, 206 La 
Salle street, Acting Consul, P. F. 
Roh. 

Great Britain, 605 Pullman Build- 
ing, Acting Consul-General, Thom- 
as Erskin. 

Greece, 24, 60 Dearborn street, 
Consul, Nicholas Salopolos. 

Guatemala, 1200, 138 Washington 
street, Consul, Alfred C. Garcia. 

Italy, fourth floor, Commercial Na- 
tional Bank Building, N. E. Cor. 
Adams and Clark streets. Consul, 
Chevalier Guide Sabetta. 

Japan, 705 Chamber of Com- 
merce, Consul, Kazuo Matsubara. 

Mexico, 1645, 84 Van Buren 
street, Consul, Augustin Pina. 

Netherlands, 85 Washington St., 
Consul-General, George Birkoff, Jr. 

Nicaragua, 188 Madison street, 
Consul, Berthold Singer. 

Norway, 1320, 108 La Salle street, 
Consul, Frederick Herman Gade. 

Ottoman Empire, 506, 217 La 
Salle street, Consul - General, 
Charles Henrotin. 

Panama, 14, 86 Washington 
street, Consul, C. Gilbert Wheeler. 

Persia, 519 South Canal street, 
Consul-General, R. T. Crane, Jr. 

F'eru, 225, 205 La Salle street, 
Consul, W. M. L. Fiske. 

Portugal, 419, 203 Michigan ave- 
nue, Consul, Count Santa Eulalia. 

Russia, 51 Lincoln Park boule- 
vard. Consul. Baron Shilling. 

Siam, Auditorium, Consul, Mil- 
ward Adams. 

Spain, 188 Madison street, Con- 
sul, Berthold Singer. 

Sweden, 142 Washington street, 
Consul, John R. Lindgren. 



FOR— FOR 



111 



FOR— FOR 



Switzerland, 172 Washington 
street, Consul, Arnold Holinger. 

Uruguay Republic, 1614, 79 Dear- 
born street, Consul, John Moffitt. 

Forest Home Cemetery is lo- 
cated about nine miles west of the 
City Hall, on Madison street, on 
the bank of the Des Plaines River. 
It contains eighty acres, and was 
once a pleasure resort park. It is 
beautifully situated and laid out 



Fort Dearborn. — An irregular 
shaped pyramid of hewn logs, cov- 
ered with a gray coating of dust 
and festooned with cobwebs, piled 
beneath a frame shed in Jackson 
Park, is all that remains of the 
oldest and most historic house in 
Chicago. The rough square tim- 
bers, with the marks of the pioneer 
woodman's ax yet upon them, once 
made the officers' quarters of old 




Fort Dearborn. 



with exceptional taste. This ceme- 
tery joins Concordia Cemetery, 
and the interments in both now 
number about 20,000. Take train 
at the Grand Central depot via the 
Chicago & Northern Pacific Rail- 
road. 

Forest Park. — Forest Park is lo- 
cated on the corner Des Plaines 
avenue and West Harrison street. 
Take Garfield Park elevated, 
Twelfth street or Chicago avenue 
surface cars. 



Fort Dearborn. The trees from 
which they were hewn grew along 
the North Shore, where now 
stand the palatial residences of 
some of Chicago's wealthiest citi- 
zens. The house was built in 1816. 
The beeches, and poplars, and oaks 
which composed its walls were 
chopped down and hewn into 
beams eight inches square by the 
gallant troopers of Company F, 
Third United States Infantry, Cap- 
tain Hezekiah Bradley command- 



FOR— FOR 

ing. The stockades — thick, heavy, 
pointed wooden palings — had been 
set round about the new fort. The 
block-house, with its quaint, over- 
hanging upper story and windows 
that served also for port-holes, was 
completed and stored with provis- 
ions against a siege by the murder- 
ous Foxes and Pottawatomies. 
The barracks and officers' quarters 
were prepared and fitted up with 
such furniture as the wild prairie 
camp afforded. This was the sec- 
ond Fort Dearborn. The first had 
been burned by the Indians after 
the awful massacre of 1812, when 
half the garrison and all the non- 
combatants, including women and 
children, were murdered on the 
Lake Front at a point about where 
Twelfth street now is. There, amid 
the tangled swamp-grass and the 
bushes, half buried in the sand 
drifts, the bodies or rather bones, 
of the massacred lay till Captain 
Bradley and his men came thither 
in 1816 and gave the remains de- 
cent burial. The fort was the cen- 
ter of the social life of the settle- 
ment in those days, and the officers' 
quarters were the focus, so to 
speak, of the fort. Many a pleas- 
ant evening was passed within the 
walls formed by the pile of logs 
now awaiting architectural resur- 
rection in Jackson Park. The 
guests were men and women whose 
names have become historical in 
Chicago. Jean Baptiste Beaubien 
and his sons and daughters, John 
Kinzie and his family, Jonas Cly- 
bourn, Dr. Van Voorhis, Gordon I. 
Hubbard, Antoine Dechamps, An- 
toine Quillette, and others of Chi- 
cago's first families. 

Fort Sheridan. — The labor trou- 
bles of 1886-7, which resulted in 
many disturbances and several 
riots, caused many of Chicago's 
prominent citizens to petition the 
general government to establish a 
military post near the city. It was 
desirable to have a sufficient force 
which could be summoned in case 
of emergency. The result of the 
movement in Chicago was the pur- 
chase of 500 acres of land located 



112 FOR— FOR 

on the Milwaukee division of the 
Chicago & Northwestern Railway, 
twenty-five miles north of the city. 
This splendid tract of valuable land 
was paid for by voluntary subscrip- 
tions and presented to the national 
government on condition that a 
permanent military post be estab- 
lished on it. The government ac- 
cepted this proposition, a provis- 
ional camp was erected within a 
few weeks, and two companies of 
the Sixth Infantry were stationed 
there. Since then a number of per- 
manent buildings, officers' quarters, 
barracks, guard house, mess house, 
stables, etc., have been erected. 
Aside from the companies of regu- 
lar soldiers, the band of the Fif- 
teenth Regiment is located there. 
About 800 soldiers are stationed 
permanently at the fort, the garri- 
son being mostly infantry. The 
work is now progressing very fa- 
vorably. The immediate proximity 
of Lake Michigan, as well as the 
topographical features of the site, 
make it one of the most desirable 
forts in America. It will amply re- 
pay a visit. 

Fortune in Lost Articles. — If a 

man could find everything that is 
lost in Chicago for a whole month 
he need do nothing for the rest of 
his life but make faces at the 
banks. 

Records at the lost article de- 
partments of the Chicago Railways 
Company and the department 
stores show that the value of the 
articles turned into these places 
alone amounts to $500,000 annually. 
Owing to dishonesty or stretchable 
honesty of the finders of lost ar- 
ticles, the recorded finds represent 
only a small proportion of the 
total. The articles which are re- 
ceived at the lost and found^ bu- 
reau are those which have sifted 
through the clutches of moral bank- 
rupts, the believers in justifiable 
dishonesty and the person who 
says: "Well I might just as well 
have it as that street car conduc- 
tor." 

There is a popular conviction 
that anything left unguarded in a 



FOU— FRE 



113 



FRE— FRE 



public place is legitimate prey for 
the first comer. There are lots of 
people who would not think of 
keeping lost property if they knew 
who the owner was but they are 
content to remain in cheerful ig- 
norance on the subject. They 
would hasten to return the prop- 
erty to its original owner if ,they 
only knew who that was. But they 
forget to read the lost ads in the 
newspapers. The lost and found 
bureaus have ten inquiries for lost 
goods to every "found" report. 

The found articles which are re- 
ceived range in value everywhere 
from a child's rattle to a well filled 
purse or a diamond ring. In the 
department stores bundles of dress 
are the most commonly found. On 
the street cars there are more um- 
brellas abandoned by their owners 
than anything else. An average 
day's crop of lost umbrellas on the 
Chicago cars is fifty. On a rainy 
day it is not unusual to have 500 
umbrellas taken to the lost and 
found departments. 

Each car barn has its own lost 
and found department. At the end 
of the day all of the conductors 
take the articles lost on their car 
to the office at the car barn where 
their day ends. The clerk gives 
them receipts for them and puts a 
tag on each article stating what 
car it was found on and on what 
date, also the name and number of 
the finder. If it is not called for 
within three months the conductor 
presents his receipt and claims the 
parcel. Unclaimed foundlings form 
a welcome addition to the con- 
ductor's salary. 

Foundlings* Home is on Wood 
street south of Madison street and 
is a handsome and conveniently ar- 
ranged structure. It is supported 
by voluntary contributions and 
many of the little ones find per- 
manent homes in respectable fam- 
ilies. 

Free Lunch. — In the pinch of 
cold weather and of hard times the 
Chicago saloonkeeper in the poorer 
districts of the city becomes at 
once a volunteer advocate of the 



particular statue in so many states 
requiring that tables, chairs, 
benches, stools, and the free lunch 
— especially the free lunch — shall 
be banished from every licensed 
saloon. 

For the free lunch in these sec- 
tions of the city is like to a drop 
of molasses on a summer screen 
attracting flies. The decent work- 
ingman in the neighborhood never 
did depend for his noon meal on 
the free lunch; he paid fifteen cents 
for his luncheon and his glass of 
beer on the side. To the extent 
that winter and a slacking of labor 
pinch him, he "cut out" the saloon 
altogether, or if in flush times he 
had been buying fifteen-cent drinks, 
he put up with a five-cent "largest 
on earth" and let it go at that. 

But in this winter season that 
always has affected the trade of 
the neighborhood saloon of the de- 
cent type, the swarming tramp and 
hobo conspire to make the average 
saloon man look upon the free 
lunch table and his chairs and 
stools as a worse tax than the $1,- 
000 license which is put upon him. 

"If you want to reform the sa- 
loon evil in Chicago, cut out the 
free lunch everywhere," is the pres- 
ent opinion of the small saloon- 
keeper. 

Free Public Baths. — During the 
year 1908, the fourteen public 
baths have been well patronized, 
showing an increase over the num- 
ber of baths given in the preceed- 
ing year. 

Some changes of construction 
have been made in the baths erect- 
ed during the year, in providing 
both open and closed showers; fea- 
tures which have added to the ca- 
pacity of the baths and in that way 
increased their usefulness to the 
communities in which they are situ- 
ated. 

There is no question of the grow- 
ing popularity of these public utili- 
ties, nor of the important part they 
play as a factor in community life 
and health. 

Total number bathed, 1908, 865,- 
834; 1907. 709,826. Males, men, 



FRE— FUR 



114 



GAR— GAR 



1908, 533,594; 1907, 386,973; boys, 
1908, 170,842; 1907, 173,152; females, 
women, 1908, 71,380; 1907, 59,453; 
girls, 1908, 90,018; 1907, 90,248. 

Total free public bath houses in 
service, 1908, 14; 1907, 13. 

Cost of service during year, 1908, 
$52,956.71; 1907, $53,091.19. 

Average cost each bath given, 
1908, 6.1 cents; 1907, 7.5 cents. 

Following are the principal free 
public baths: 

Carter H. Harrison, 192 Mather 
street. 

Martin B. Madden, 3825 Went- 
worth avenue. 

William Mavor, 1647 Gross ave- 
nue. 

Robert A. Waller, 80 South Peo- 
ria street. 

Kosciusko, 703 Holt street. 

John Wentworth, 2838 South 
Halsted street. 

William B. Ogden, 3646 Emerald 
avenue. 

Theodore T. Gurney, 247 West 
Chicago avenue. 

Joseph Medill, 759 Grand ave- 
nue. 

De Witt C. Cregier, 193 Gault 
court. 

Thomas Gahan, 4226 Wallace 
street. 

Free baths are given at the Four- 
teenth and Twenty-third streets 
pumping stations and at several 
lake beaches, but special buildings 
have not been provided at these 
points. The Carter H. Harrison 
bath, which was opened in January, 
1894, is said to have been the first 
free public bath in the United 
States, if not in the world. 

Furniture. — Chicago, beyond 
doubt or question, is the leading 
city of the nation in the number 
and variety of her furniture manu- 
factories, and also in the amount 
both used here and shipped abroad. 
Twenty or more large factories, 
employing a host of workmen, are 
kept busy in turning out every va- 
riety of furniture imaginable, while 
over five hundred stores, wholesale 
and retail, dispose of the product. 
The skill of the Chicago manufac- 
turers is so well recognized that 



many neighboring cities and towns 
in the lumber districts send their 
raw material here to be finished 
and upholstered, and very prob- 
ably to be shipped back again for 
sale. Chicagoans when furnishing 
a house are satisfied with nothing 
short of the best and latest styles, 
and the plain straight-backed 
chairs, bedsteads and sofas of our 
ancestors have given place to a 
luxuriance in make and finish that 
would have startled ancient Rome. 
The furniture business in Chicago 
is in fact one of the most profita- 
ble of all branches of trade. 

Garbage. — Chicago is no longer 
under the necessity of apologizing 
because of its antiquated method of 
disposing of garbage, as a garbage 
reduction plant, located at Thirty- 
ninth and Iron streets, is now in 
operation. 

During the past year there were 
hauled 45,577 loads (162,606 cubic 
yards) or 81,308 tons of pure gar- 
bage; 55,900^4 tons were hauled to 
the reduction plant and 25,407^4 
tons to city dumps. During the 
same period 245,930 loads, or 1,228,- 
665 cubic yards, of ashes and rub- 
bish were hauled to city dumps at 
a total cost of $684,327.37. 

Garfield Park. — The new con- 
servatory, for which plans and 
specifications were prepared and 
contract was awarded during the 
latter part of the year 1906, is fast 
nearing completion. The conserva 
tory proper is located near the 
main boulevard, where the trans 
portation facilities for reaching it 
from all points are most excellent. 
The conservatory consists of a 
palm house, aquatic house, show 
house, New Holland house, coni- 
fer house and economic house, 
with an imposing entrance at the 
front and a large vestibule at the 
rear. 

Many rare and beautiful speci- 
mens of plants and flowers have 
been secured and the collections, 
when completed, will be of great 
botanical interest and educational 
value. 

The range of eleven propagating 



I 



GAR— GAR 



115 



GAR— GAS 



houses, which has been built ad- 
joining the conservatory, contain- 
ing approximately 30,000 feet of 
floor space, together with a large 
potting shed, consists of buildings 
which are models of their kind. 
All of the plant tables and the 
moisture-producing tanks are con- 
structed of reinforced concrete, be- 
ing unique in construction, inde- 
structible, and, therefore, very 
serviceable. 

The new pavilion, boat landing 
and refectory building, which was 
opened early in the summer, repre- 
sents all that is best in modern 
park architecture, great care being 
taken to provide a building adapted 
to the needs of the public as well 
as being artistically designed. The 
boat landing has been enclosed for 
the winter and serves as a warm- 
ing room for skaters. 

South of Madison street, and 
crossing the water courts, gorgeous 
flower gardens have been created, 
bordered on two sides with flower- 
ing shrubbery and plants, with a 
garden hall at the eastern entrance, 
and at the west an appropriate 
garden gate with ornamental seats 
extending the entire width of the 
garden. 

The main east gateway at the 
Washington boulevard entrance has 
been completed. It is in harmony 
in artistic design with the sur- 
rounding park improvement and 
adds dignity and grace to the park 
entrance. 

Garnishment Law of Illinois. — 

Section 14 of the act as amended 
in 1807 and 1901 declares: "The 
wages for services of a wage 
earner who is the head of a fam- 
ily and residing with the same, to 
the amount of fifteen dollars per 
week, shall be exempt from gar- 
nishment. All above the sum of 
fifteen dollars per week shall be 
liable to garnishment." 

Employers are obliged to pay 
wages amounting to fifteen dollars 
or less, notwithstanding the serv- 
ice of a writ of garnishment, pro- 
viding the person to whom wages 
are due makes affidavit that he is 



the head of a family and is living 
with the same. 

Gary. — Gary, Ind., is 26 miles 
from Chicago and has a population 
of some 5,000. The city is being 
built for a population of 300,000, 
and many fine buildings are to be 
found there. The streets run 
through the entire length of the 
city with a uniform numbering 
system. The United States Steel 
Corporation has expended $90,000,- 
000 in building the town and its 
plant at that point. It appears that 
Gary will become the center of 
steel manufacture in the United 
States. 

Gas.— Gas is supplied to the City 
of Chicago by the People's Gas 
Light and Coke Company. Ever 
since the company started in busi- 
ness the price of gas has been 
steadily reduced from time to time, 
until at present it is supplied to 
426,000 customers at 85 cents per 
thousand feet. 

All gas bills are payable at any 
one of many convenient stations 
established by the company in 
every neighborhood in the city. 

Chicago gas is extensively and 
effectively used as illuminant in 
houses, stores, factories and also 
for street and outdoor lighting of 
all kinds. It is also an ideal fuel 
for cooking and heating and is 
used for that purpose by most 
every family in the city. Chicago 
is also a large consumer of gas for 
power purposes. 

The company is now building on 
Michigan avenue, near Adams 
street, the largest office building in 
the world. The structure will be 
twenty stories high and will have 
a frontage of 196 feet on Michigan 
avenue, and 172 feet on Adams 
street. Each floor will have about 
33,712 souare feet of space. Cost, 
$4,000,000. 

The People's Gas Light and Coke 
Company, main office 155 Michigan 
avenue. Branch stores: 

338 West Sixty-third street. 
3478 Archer avenue. 

9051 Commercial avenue. 

11109 Michigan avenue. 



GAS— GAS 

978 Lincoln avenue. 

3210 North Clark street. 
284 East North avenue. 
517 West Madison street. 
674 West Twelfth street. 
1203-5 Milwaukee avenue. 

1589 Ogden avenue. 

3474 Avondale avenue. 

2105 West Madison street. 
The annual report shows that 
during the year 1908 the plant of 
the company was substantially in- 
creased, the total mileage of mains 
now being upward of 2,366 miles, 
and the gain during the year being 
almost 55 miles, to a considerable 
extent consisting of large trunk 
lines, part of a comprehensive 
scheme to regulate the distribution 
and pressure of gas. The increase 
during the year in the number of 
meters in use was 22,361, and in the 
number of gas stoves 25,168, and in 
the number of arc lamps 14,203. 
There was a loss of 1,558 in public 
street lamps. 

Service statistics of December 
31, 1908: Street mains, 2,366 miles 
2,364 feet; ~ain, 54 miles 3,817 feet. 
Meters, 469,084; gain, 22,361. Gas 
stoves, 254,362; gain, 25,168. Pub- 
lic lamps, 21,085; loss, 1,558. Arc 
lamps, 75,125; gain, 14,203. 

The company showed 8.36 per 
cent earned on the stock, compared 
with 7.64 per cent in 1907. _ An 
immense amount of money is to 
be expended the next three years 
in installing a system of 24 and 36- 
inch supply trunk line mains, cov- 
ering the entire city. Two large 
gas holders were finished this year, 
one, the largest in the world, at 
State and Sixty-fourth streets, and 
the other at Forty-fifth avenue and 
Twelfth street. 

The income account is as fol- 
lows: 1908. 

Gross $13,738,970 

Operating expenses 8,222,625 

Balance $ 5,516,345 

Depreciation, etc 876,351 

Net earnings $ 4,639,994 

Bonded interest 1,884,300 

Surplus $ 2,755,694 



116 GAS— GEO 

Per cent of stock 8.36 

Dividend. 6% $1,978,146 

Surplus after dividends. 777,548 
The condensed balance sheet as 
of December 31 compares: 

ASSETS. 

1908. 
Real state, franchise, 

tunnels, street mains, 

services, meters, etc. .$76,236,321 

Materials 1,478,481 

Securities 2,226,403 

Accounts receivable . . . 874,554 
Deposits with agencies 

for bond coupons.... 284,005 
Gas bills receivable .... 893,851 

Bills receivable 77,227 

Cash 3,207,644 



Total $85,278,487 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock $35,000,000 

Mortgage bonds 37,096,000 

Deposits, security for gas 

bills 273,760 

Accounts payable 927,598 

Coupons past due 284,005 

Bond interest accrued.. 339,525 
Depreciat'n and reserves 719,717 
Profit and loss 10,637,88] 



Total $85,278,487 

Gas in 1850.— The Chicago Gas 
Light and Coke Company obtained 
its charter on April 13, 1849, the 
life thereof being ten years. Work 
was begun in the following Octo- 
ber, and on September 4, 1850, the 
city for the first time was lighted 
by gas. The works were erected 
on the south side of Monroe street, 
near Market, and the price for 
street lighting per post was $15. 

Geology of Chicago and Vicin- 
ity. — Chicago is built on a bog, the 
top of which, consisting of accu- 
mulated vegetable matter, rested on 
a sandy sub-stratum. Beneath this 
is a wet, blue clay, and underneath 
this a quicksand; about an average 
of thirty feet brings us down to 
oil-bearing limestone, which here 
and there has been by pressure 
pushed to the surface. There have 
been strong indications of both coal 
and oil at different points in and 



GER— GLE 

about the city, but no one has had 
interest enough to follow up these 
traces. Before the fire, Dr. Fat- 
ton's Presbyterian Church stood on 
Michigan avenue, near Madison 
street. It was built of stone taken 
from a quarry beyond Western ave- 
nue. It was oil-bearing, and in the 
summer the oil oozed out of the 
stone, discolored it, and smelt unto 
high heaven. In some parts of the 
city the clay makes good bricks. 
That taken out of the water and 
river tunnels is used for that pur- 
pose. On the West Side an ar- 
tesian well raises the water from 
thirty to forty feet above the sur- 
face, showing that its source of 
supply is located many miles away 
from_ the city. The whole forma- 
tion is of the later series, evidently 
more or less due to the action of 
the lake upon its adjacent shores. 
It seems possible that sooner or 
later coal and oil will be added to 
the marketable products of this 
versatile city. 

German Society assists immi- 
grants from the Fatherland in pro- 
curing employment and temporary 
support, and also German resi- 
dents. 

Germania Club. — Occupies the 
magnificent club house at 643 North 
Clark street, one of the finest 
structures of the kind in Chicago 
or the west. The Germania Maen- 
nerchor, greatest of all German 
singing societies, built the club 
house, and now most of Chicago's 
leading German citizens, besides 
scores of native sons, are active 
members. Manv large entertain- 
ments are given in the club house, 
which is a center of north side 
gayety. 

Glencoe. — Glencoe is 19.2 miles 
from Chicago and has a population 
of 1,020. It is in every respect a 
beautiful suburb, and many Chi- 
cagoans have their summer homes 
here. It lies on a high, wooded 
bluff overlooking the lake. 

Glen Ellyn.— Glen Ellyn is 22.5 
miles from Chicago, and has a 
population of 800. The Glen is 



117 



GOL-GRA 



very beautiful and within it lies 
Lake Ellyn, some thirty acres in 
extent. The lake is fed by springs, 
of which many have mineral prop- 
erties. Many Chicago professional 
and business men have their homes 
here. 

Gold and Stock Telegraph. — In- 
struments of this company, usually 
termed "tickers," will be found in 
every broker's office, and in the 
principal hotels and restaurants. 
They print the reports of the New 
York Stock Exchange transactions 
during the day, automatically, upon 
a tape. Reports of the arrival of 
ocean steamers, and the result of 
sporting events of general inter- 
est, are also frequently sent over 
the wires of this line. 

Goose Island. — Goose Island is 
a strip of land about a quarter of 
a mile wide at its broadest point; 
its center is at Division street. It 
is formed by a dividing of the 
north branch of the river which 
flows around Goose Island on the 
east and west. The Island is very 
dirty, as it contains a great many 
coal yards, grain elevators and 
railroad tracks, and there are to all 
intents and purposes no streets at 
all in this unusual place. 

Graceland Cemetery. — In addi- 
tion to the natural beauties of the 
grounds of this cemetery there has 
been added a wealth of landscape 
gardening that displays the work 
of a master mind in that art. The 
three lakes in the broad expanse of 
exquisite scenery, are works of en- 
gineering skill; they are fed by 
living springs, besides which there 
is a mammoth system of water- 
works that will furnish a full sup- 
ply throughout the entire 125 acres 
comprised in the grounds. The ap- 
proach to Graceland is either by 
the Lake Shore Drive through Lin- 
coln Park and North Clark street, 
by the Clark street electric, or over 
the Chicago & Evanston Railroad, 
whose handsome station (Swiss 
cottage architecture) is at the east- 
ern approach to the grounds. Dis- 
tance, five miles from City Hall. 
Pages could be written portraying 



GRA— GRA 118 

the marvelous beauties of this noted 
place, and still other pages refer- 
ring to the people, prominent in 
their time, who rest here, and of 
the rare pieces of monumental 
marble in the grounds, yet it is 
enough to say that Graceland is 
known to every Chicagoan, and to 
everv visitor who appreciates the 
grand in nature and beautiful in 
art. 

Grain Receipts.— The receipts of 
grain and of flour in its grain 
equivalent at Chicago during the 
year 1908 aggregated 272,941,506 
bushels; and shipments 222,783,375 
bushels. 

Grain in Store in Chicago.— On the 
last day of 1908 the elevators con- 
tained: 

Wheat, bushels 5,314,152 

Corn, bushels 1,665,479 

Oats, bushels 859,949 

Rye, bushels 54,759 

Barley, bushels 1,016,045 

Total, bushels 8,910,384 

Flour, barrels 90,500 

Grain Trade. — The foremost grain 
market of the world — that is Chi- 
cago's distinction. 

One of the most thrilling and im- 
portant chapters in the romance of 
Chicago's marvelous commercial 
and industrial advancement deals 
with market making, and the mak- 
ing of the grain market into an un- 
disputed leader has extended the 
city's prestige to all quarters of the 
globe. 

Credit for the building into the 
greatest grain receiving and dis- 
tributing center on earth belongs 
largely to the Board of Trade, 
whose consistency and persistency 
in the great work which was 
mapped out for it almost sixty-one 
years ago have given to the world 
an example of the "stuff" that un- 
derlies the city's general greatness. 
Through good season and bad the 
Board of Trade has performed its 
part of the task in giving the city 
its unbounded business importance. 
And today, filled with pride at its 
accomplishments, it is more ener- 
getic than ever before. Its field 



GRA— GRA 



has become worldwide, but the full 
force of its effort has not yet been 
exerted; but it will go speedily on 
toward solidifying its position and 
commercial glory. 

The year 1908 rounded out the 
sixtieth year of the Chicago Board 
of Trade's endeavors. The institu- 
tion's progress since the "village" 
days suggest the fairy story, so un- 
real, so improbable does it seem, 
when all the handicaps and the 
comparatively short time are taken 
into consideration. 

Grand Boulevard. — This beauti- 
ful thoroughfare extends from Thir- 
ty-fifth street south to Fifty-first 
street boulevard, and lies two 
blocks east of Prairie avenue. It 
runs parallel with Drexel boule- 
vard, being three blocks west of it. 
The first improvement on the 
Grand boulevard commenced at the 
north boundary in 1870. Kankakee 
avenue was widened by the addi- 
tion of 132 feet, taken from the 
east front in accordance with the 
Park Improvement Act. At Grand 
boulevard it is 200 feet wide, in- 
cluding a pleasure drive through 
the center, 60 feet wide, and traffic 
roadways on each side. The pleas- 
ure drive can only be used for 
recreation. The improvement of 
the roadways is in three materials, 
viz.: asphalt, stone screenings, and 
Joliet gravel. The boulevard is 
completed as far south as Fifty- 
first street, where it enters Wash- 
ington Park. It is bordered on 
each side by large elm trees, and 
is the resort of hundreds each day. 
The expectations of the commis- 
sioner have been much more than 
realized in the eagerness with 
which the carriage-riding public 
seeks the boulevards for recreation. 
This is especially true of Grand 
boulevard, which is often crowded 
for a. space of # two miles with 
carriages averaging three abreast. 

Grand Pacific Hotel. — Located at 
northwest corner Clark street and 
Jackson boulevard. European plan. 
This is one of the oldest strictly 
first-class hotels in^ the city and 
has an interesting history. It still 



GRA— GRA 119 

retains its former popularity and 
is largely patronized by the dele- 
gates to Republican conventions. 
The leaders of that party have 
made this famous hotel their home 
for more than twenty years. 

Grant Monument. — The colossal 
equestrian Grant Monument in its 
place overlooking Lake Michigan 
from Lincoln Park, is visible for 
many miles on the water on clear 
days. It appears at the very en- 
trance to the park along the shore 
boulevard to land folk approach- 



GRE— GRE 

the park trustees by a number of 
citizens of Chicago. 

Great Northern Hotel. — Mag- 
nificent in all its appointments, is 
located on Dearborn street, Jack- 
son boulevard and Quincy street, 
Chicago. Directly opposite the 
Government Building, containing 
United States Post Office, United 
States Custom House, army head- 
quarters, department of the Lakes 
and United States Weather Bu- 
reau. Positively the finest location 
in the city for commercial trade. 




Grand Pacific Hotel, Clark Street and Jackson Boulevard. 



ing from the south. Foliage all but 
hides it from the interior of the 
park. From the north it does not 
appear until the observer is within 
a thousand feet. On clear morn- 
ings it is brilliant between the ris- 
ing sun and the deep blue of the 
sky, against which it is so conspicu- 
ously silhouetted. The masonry 
foundation, which is more aporo- 
priate for a viaduct than for statu- 
ary, serves at least to give it em- 
inence and security. It is the work 
of Rebisso, of Cincinnati; a gift to 



This hotel is absolutely fireproof 
and is conducted in strictly first- 
class style on the European plan. 
H. D. Laughlin, president; R. H. 
Southgate, vice-president; John C. 
Roth, manager. 

The construction is entirely of 
steel, with all walls supported at 
each floor level and tied to steel 
construction. Lateral bracing, ex- 
tending from column to column, to 
the full height of the building, 
makes it perfectly rigid against all 
wind storms. The hotel was com- 




(120) 



GRO— HAL 



121 



HAM— HAN 



pleted October 1, 1891. It con- 
tains upwards of 600 bedrooms ar- 
ranged in suites, with bath rooms. 
All the bath rooms are finished in 
marble and supplied with hot and 
cold water, and the best plumbing 
fixtures. Every room contains a 
fireplace, and the building is ven- 
tilated throughout with exhaust 
ventilation. The basement has a 
large oyster house extending the 
full length of the building. There 
are four passenger elevators and 
two freight. The main floor is de- 
voted to the hotel offices, cafe, bar- 
ber and other shops. The second 
floor contains the main dining- 
room, hotel parlors and the bil- 
liard room. There are stations for 
bell-boys or girls on each main 
corridor on every floor, for prompt 
bell service. The building is thor- 
oughly fire-proof, heated through- 
out by steam, and certainly one of 
the most beautiful and imposing 
pieces of architecture in this city 
of marvels. Another attractive 
feature of this magnificent hotel is 
the beautiful Palm Garden, located 
upon the roof, from which the best 
view of the city possible is ob- 
tained. The Turkish baths con- 
nected 'with this house are the 
most elaborate in the city of Chi- 
cago. 

The service and accommodations 
at the Great Northern are abso- 
lutely first class in every particular. 

Growth in Population. — In Amer- 
ica an unprecedented immigration, 
added to the natural increase in 
population, necessitated a corre- 
sponding development in agricul- 
ture. Happily, vast areas of fertile 
valleys and rich prairie lands af- 
forded ample opportunity for the 
expansion of the United States. The 
population in 1850 had increased to 
23,000,000; in 1860 to 31,000,000; in 
1880, to 50,000,000; in 1890, to 62,000,- 
000; in 1900, to 75,000,000, and in 
1908, to 85,000,000. 

Halls. — There are at present no 
less than 450 public halls in the city. 
Halls may be rented for any purpose 
within reason. Many of them are 
of architectural magnificence. Among 



the more popular halls are the fol- 
lowing: Handel Hall, 40 Randolph 
street; Kimball Music hall, 243 
Wabash avenue; Orchestra Hall, 
Michigan avenue, near Adams street ; 
Steinway Music Hall, 17 Van Buren 
street; University Hall, Fine Arts 
Building, Lake Front. 

Hammond. — Hammond is 20 
miles from Chicago, and has a 
population of 14,250. The city is 
modern in every way, and con- 
tains many pretty homes. Ham- 
mond is an up-to-date little town, 
and has quiet a number of manu- 
facturing plants. 

Hansom Cab and Hack Ordi- 
nance. — Notice to passengers: Note 
number of vehicle on entering or 
leaving. 

ONE HORSE VEHICLES. 

For one mile or less, for one 
or two passengers $0.50 

For each additional passenger. .25 

For second and subsequent 
miles, whether for one or 
more passengers, per mile.. .25 

Such vehicle shall not charge 
to exceed per hour 1.00 

For each quarter of an hour 
after the first hour 25 

Services outside of city limits • 

and in parks, per hour 1.00 

Driver when hired by the hour 

may charge for the time necessary 

to return to the stand at which 

engaged. 

TWO-HORSE VEHICLES. 

One or two persons, not ex- 
ceeding one mile $1.00 

One or two persons, any dis- 
tance over one mile, and less 
than two miles 1.50 

Each additional passenger 50 

One or two passengers, any 
distance over two miles 
within city 2.00 

Each additional passenger 50 

One or more passengers by 
the hour, stopping as re- 
quired, first hour 2.00 

Each additional hour or part 
of an hour 1-50 

NOTICE. 

Passengers must notify the 
driver when starting, if they desire 



HAN— HAR 



122 



HAR— HAR 



to use the vehicle by the hour; 
otherwise the driver may assume 
that he is hired by the mile. 

For any detention exceeding fif- 
teen minutes, when working by the 
mile, the driver may demand at 
the rate of $1.00 per hour. 

Drivers, when hired by the hour, 
may charge for the time necessary 
to return to the stand at which 
engaged. 

When hired by the hour, such 
vehicle can carry two passengers 
for the same hour rates. 

Children between five and four- 
teen years of age, half above rates; 
children less than five years of age, 
no charge. 

BAGGAGE — ONE AND TWO-HORSE 
VEHICLES. 

Passengers are allowed, without 
charge, baggage not to exceed one 
trunk and 25 pounds of other bag- 
gage. Where whole weight of bag- 
ae is over 100 pounds, the driver 
may charge 15 cents for each par- 
cel constituting such overweight. 

Any violation of the above rules 
and regulations is punishable by 
fine and imprisonment. 

Complaint made to any public 
officer will receive prompt and 
courteous attention, and will be im- 
mediately reported to the Chief of 
Police. 

OMNIBUS AND BAGGAGE TRANSFER 
RATES. 

Omnibuses run between all the 
depots and to all the principal ho- 
tels, connecting with all passenger 
trains. The rate of fare to or from 
any depot or hotel is 50 cents, 
payable in exchange for a ticket 
to the agent on the train, or to the 
collector in the vehicle. The price 
charged by the same company for 
transferring baggage to' or from 
any train, and to or from any place 
within the old citv limits, is 50 
cents for first piece and 25 cents 
for each additional piece. South 
of Thirty-ninth street the charge is 
75 cents for the first piece and 25 
cents for each additional piece. 

Harbor. — The government har- 
bor, when completed, will include 
a sheltered area sixteen feet in 



depth, covering 270 acres, with 
communicating slips along the lake 
front covering 185 acres, making a 
total of 455 acres; this is in addi- 
tion to the river, with which the 
outer harbor communicates. There 
is also an exterior breakwater one- 
third of a mile north of the end 
of the North Pier, so situated as 
to protect vessels entering the 
mouth of the river. The length 
of this outer breakwater will be 
5,436 feet, of which 3,136 feet have 
been completed. The North Pier, 
measuring from the outer end of 
the Michigan street slip, is 1,600 
feet long and extends 600 feet be- 
yond the easterly breakwater, 
which latter, beginning at the 
outer end of the South Pier, ex- 
tends directly south 4,060 feet, and 
is a distance of 3,300 feet from the 
present shore line south of Mon- 
roe street. A channel 800 feet 
wide intervenes between this and 
the north end of the southerly 
breakwater. This latter breakwater 
continues for a short distance due 
south, then turns at an angle of 30 
degrees and extends in a south- 
westerly direction to within 1,550 
feet of the present shore line, and 
550 feet from the dock line. This 
breakwater is 3,950 feet in length. 
There is a lighthouse on the shore 
end, and a beacon light on the end 
of the easterly breakwater. The 
Life Saving Station is at the lake 
end of the northern-most railroad 
wharf, directly adjoining the south 
pier. Boats run from the lake 
shore, opposite Van Buren street, 
to these breakwaters during the 
summer months. 

At present this is only a harbor 
in name so far as the shipping is 
concerned. Nearly every vessel 
that enters this port seeks the 
piers along the various branches of 
the river. These river branches 
have their ramification through the 
city, and in consequence the ship- 
ping is strung out for many miles, 
presenting an insignificant appear- 
ance, but in the aggregate it is 
greater than that of any port in 
America. The river is cramped and 
totally inadequate for the vast 



HAR— HAR 



123 



HAR— HAY 



commerce that threads its way 
through the murky channel. 

The proper place for the ship- 
ping interests is within the harbor, 
and sooner or later it must come 
to this. Wlien this revolution is 
effected, Chicago will present a 
harbor scene that can scarcely be 
rivaled in any part of the world. 
The irritating nuisance of swing- 
ing bridges would be abated and, 
while it would make the lake front 
portion of the city undesirable for 
elegant hotels and aristocratic resi- 
dences, the property would be en- 
hanced in value for purposes of 
shipping and commerce. This one 
great mistake of using the insig- 
nificant river instead of the grand 
lake front for shipping purposes 
must be rectified or Chicago will 
suffer from a condition that is ut- 
terly ridiculous and constitutes the 
greatest nuisance possible for an 
enlightened people to tolerate. 

Harper Memorial Library. — Plans 
for the building have been ap- 
proved by the university. The li- 
brary, which will be one of the 
most imposing and costly college 
buildings in the world, will be situ- 
ated on the south edge of the uni- 
versity campus, facing the Midway 
Plaisance on Fifty-ninth street. 

The most striking architectural 
features on the southern frontage 
of the library will be two great 
towers which will rise above the 
surrounding buildings. A bronze 
statue of William Rainey Harper 
will be erected in front of the 
north entrance of the building. 

The library will eventually be 
flanked on the west by the modern 
language group of buildings, while 
the classical group will be built 
west of the modern language head- 
quarters. On the east side the his- 
torical group will be erected. 

The sum of $214,000 has been 
raised by popular subscription and 
this will be supplemented by $600,- 
000 from John D. Rockefeller. 

The library is expected to be 
completed the latter part of next 
year, plans having been made to 
break ground for the structure this 



spring. The fund, including inter- 
est, will amount to $870,000 by 
the time the library is finished, and 
something more than $600,000 will 
be used to pay for the building, the 
rest going for endowment pur- 
poses. 

Hartford Building. — This splen- 
did office building is located at the 
southwest corner of Madison and 
Dearborn streets. The "Hartford" 
is fourteen stories in height. The 
lower stories are of stone, and the 
upper stories of pressed brick. The 
first floor is occupied by stores, and 
the upper floors with offices, number- 
ing several hundred; all elegantly 
appointed. The "Hartford" is of 
the modern Chicago architecture, 
and presents a splendid appearance. 
Its location is in the very center of 
the business district. 

Hats and Caps. — The manufac- 
ture of hats and caps in Chicago is 
rapidly advancing this branch of 
enterprise to the front rank. The 
trade is quite extensive and the re- 
tailers throughout the middle west 
who were wont three years ago to 
seek the eastern market for this 
class of goods now find the Chi- 
cago product fully equal to every 
demand made upon it. The sales 
last year exceeded $10,000,000, a 
fact that testifies to the solidity of 
this branch of industry. 

Haymarket Massacre. — West 
Randolph street passes directly 
through the former site of a West 
Side market now forming the cele- 
brated Haymarket Square. For 
several years there stood at the in- 
tersection of Des Plaines and Ran- 
dolph streets a bronze figure of a 
policeman in full uniform, with the 
right hand upraised. On the pol- 
ished granite pedestal of which is 
carved this legend: "In the name 
of the people of Illinois, I com- 
mand peace." The grateful citizens 
of Chicago erected this monument 
in memory of the brave officers 
who. defending the law, sacrificed 
life and health, and whose coward- 
ly assassination sounded the death- 
knell of anarchy in this city and 
country. This monument com- 



HAY— HAY 

memorating the dead police officers 
is now situated in Union Park, 
Randolph street and Ogden ave- 
nue. The tragedy did not take 
place in the square itself, but out- 
side of the northeast corner, where 
the anarchist speakers addressed 
the crowd from a wagon standing 
near Crane Bros.' steps, on the 
night of May 4, 188G. The city 
authorities, fearing the effect of the 
inflammatory speeches, and the un- 
reasonable denunciations of those 
in authority, ordered six companies 
of policemen from the Des Plaines 
street police station to disperse the 
mob. The police came on at quick- 
step, in close order, by companies. 
When close to the wagon they 
halted, and the commanding officer 
"read the riot act," in the now 
memorable words upon the monu- 
ment. Hardly was the utterance 
finished when, in defiant answer, 
the dynamite bomb, hurtling 
through the air, fell between the 
second and third companies of po- 
licemen, killing or wounding fa- 
tally seven policemen, besides seri- 
ously injuring many others. The 
sneaking thrower showed his cruel 
cowardice by endangering the wo- 
men in the crowd, as well as his 
own friends. It is not known how 
many of the mob the bomb slew, 
for. following the customs of the 
savages, whose bloodthirstiness 
they imitated, they carried away 
their dead and wounded, quietly 
burying all as soon as they were 
fit, lest evidence accumulate against 
themselves. The ringleaders, Fiel- 
den, Spies, Engel, Lingg, Neebe, 
Schwab and Fischer, were arrested. 
The Arbeiter Zeitung office, on 
Fifth avenue, was searched, t and 
proved to be an arsenal of dyna- 
mite, arms, bombs and infernal 
machines. Bombs were discovered 
in lumber yards, under sidewalks 
and in the homes of anarchists. 
Parsons, like the coward he was, 
got away, and then tried to bull- 
doze the neople of Illinois into an 
acquittal by a sensational surren- 
der. These "apostles of unrest." 
and refugees from the laws of their 
native lands, were given ample op- 



124 



HE A— HEA 



portunity to prove any extenuating 
circumstances. They could offer 
nothing but a demon-led desire 
for blood, and an insane craving 
for notoriety. The sentence voiced 
the sentiment of the whole Ameri- 
can people, who really were the 
jury in this cause celebre. Noth- 
ing stayed the hand of justice, nor 
the coming of the 11th day of No- 
vember, 1887, appointed for execu- 
tion. The "tiger anarchist," Lingg, 
blew his head off with dynamite. 
Parsons, Spies, Engel and Fischer 
died on the gallows. 

Healthiest City. — Chicago is the 
healthiest large city in the country, 
according to the annual report of 
Health Commissioner Evans, made 
public recently. Last year the 
death rate was only 14.1 to each 
1,C00, the lowest rate of American 
cities with populations of more 
than 350,000. 

Among the features of the year's 
mortality as disclosed by the re- 
port are the following: 

On account of lack of employ- 
ment occasioned by hard times, 
there were 101 more suicides and 
122 fewer accidental deaths than 
the preceding year. 

Through the education of the 
people in ventilating homes, the 
number of deaths from pneumonia, 
pulmonary tuberculosis, and other 
impure air diseases were noticeably 
reduced. 

There were fewer deaths from 
typhoid fever and still fewer are 
expected this year through steps 
taken to guard more adequately the 
purity of the lake water supply and 
to prevent infection through im- 
pure milk. 

"Last year's death rate," says the 
report, "was the fourth lowest in 
the city's history. The years with 
better records were 1901, 13.89; 
1904, 13.62; and 1905, 13.67. The 
average for twentv years was 16.89. 
Last year's reduction over 1907 was 
1,595 deaths. The only increase 
over the preceding year was in 
suicides and babies under one year 
of aere. 

"The greatest saving during the 
last year was from impure air dis- 



HE A— HEA 



125 



HEI— HIS 



eases, pneumonia, bronchitis, and 
consumption, diseases that had been 
steadily increasing up to the be- 
ginning of 1908. With the onset 
of the winter season of 1907-'8 the 
department inaugurated a campaign 
for the education of people as to 
the dangers of bad air. All this 
resulted in a better general ap- 
preciation of the danger of impure 
air. 

"The deaths from pulmonary 
tuberculosis were 132 fewer than 
the preceding year, but there was 
an increase of 36 deaths from other 
forms of the disease, leaving a net 
reduction of 96 from all tubercu- 
losis. 

"Typhoid fever reached the low- 
est mark ever recorded for this 
city, the 338 deaths reported yield- 
ing a rate of 1.56 for each 10,000 
inhabitants. This is 12 per cent 
lower than the average of the last 
ten years and is 91 per cent below 
the high mark of 1891. 

"As a further protection of our 
water supply the Lake Michigan 
water commission, composed of 
representatives of the federal gov- 
ernment and of the several states 
bordering on the shores of Lake 
Michigan, has undertaken an ex- 
haustive survey, with the view of 
preventing the pollution of the lake 
waters by sewage. 

"Investigation carried on during 
the last few years show that fully 
35 per cent of our typhoid cases 
are imported. the commonest 
sources of infection being neigh- 
boring summer resorts. 

"The department has greatly in- 
creased its efforts to safeguard our 
milk supplv against the danger of 
tvphoid infection. There has been 
closer observation of dairies and 
milk handlers as to the presence of 
the disease." 

Health Regulations. — Germs are 
children of darkness. They are 
killed by light and sunshine. All 
microbes are not harmful; on the 
contrary, many are harmless and 
even useful to the extent of being 
the best friends of men. The bad 
microbes are those that, when they 
get into the body, make people 



sick. In most cases, too, the re- 
sulting sickness is contagious to 
the extent that it is dangerous for 
the sick to mingle with people who 
are well. This is why it is neces- 
sary to have regulations for the 
protection of the well. And these 
regulations lie at the basis of any 
efficient system of public hygiene, 
which aims to do for the public 
what each individual might do for 
himself, if only he knew how and 
what to do and was possessed of 
the power always to control his 
own surroundings. 

Height of a Few of Chicago's Sky- 
scrapers. — 

Feet. 

Ashland 207 

Auditorium Tower 270 

Bedford 216 

Chamber of Commerce ....... .200 

Cook County Abstract 210 

Great Northern Hotel 185 

Manhattan 190 

Masonic Temple 285 

Monadnock 223 

Monon 160 

Pontiac 150 

Post Office (new) 250 

Schiller 200 

Security 180 

Tacoma 160 

Unitv 210 

W. C. T. U. Tower 210 

Highland Park.— Highland Park 
is 23 miles from Chicago, and has a 
poulation of 2,800. This town is 
surrounded by forests and fine roll- 
ing land. It has many splendid 
homes of scenic beauty. Sheridan 
road and other snlendid drives ex- 
tend through the town. 

Highwood. — Highwood is 24.5 
miles from Chicago, and has a pop- 
ulation of 460. Highwood is next 
to Fort Sheridan, it contains many 
suburban homes and with its beau- 
tiful trees is a very delightful place. 

Historical. — From the admission 
of Illinois into the Union in 1818 
until the creation of Cook County 
in 1831, the territory now embraced 
in Cook County was successively a 
part of Crawford, Clark, Pike, Ful- 
ton and Putnam counties. During 



HIS— HIS 

that period the seats of county 
government were at towns far re- 
moved from the settlement about 
Fort Dearborn. By 1831 the north- 
ern settlements had so increased 
that the organization of a new 
county became necessarv. At that 
time all residents of this commun- 
ity transacting business with the 
county or in the courts were com- 
pelled to make a trip of many miles 
over the prairie trails, and undergo 
the privations incident to frontier 
travel. 

On January 15, 1831, by act of 
the Legislature, Cook County was 
created, and the village of Chicago 
was made the seat of government. 
The county, as then constituted, 
embraced the present counties of 
Cook, Lake and Du Page, and parts 
of Will and McHenry. 

The new county was named in 
honor of Daniel Pope Cook, one of 
the state's most notable pioneer 
citizens. It is singularly fit that 
his memory should have been per- 
petuated and honored by the giv- 
ing of his name to this great coun- 
ty. The historians of the period 
all ascribe to him abilities of high 
and brilliant character. His brief 
career, terminated by untimely 
death while he was yet less than 
thirty-four years of age, was filled 
with achievement for the new and 
rapidly developing state. He was 
successively judge of the Western 
Circuit of Illinois, the state's first 
Attorney General, and for nine 
years the sole representative of 
Illinois in Congress. 

Cook's powerful influence con- 
tributed largely to the defeat of the 
attempted introduction of slavery 
into the state. He had great faith 
in Northern Illinois, and through 
him Congress was induced to make 
large grants of public land for the 
purpose of creating the Illinois and 
Michigan Ship Canal, which made 
so much for the early development 
of this part of the state. 

For four years the business of 
the young County of Cook was 
transacted in old Fort Dearborn 
and in a dwelling house, and in 
1835 the first court house was 



12G 



HIS— HIS 



erected. It was small, but not un- 
sightly, with a pillar portico. In 
1851 the corner stone of the second 
building was laid and this rather 
pretentious structure was com- 
pleted in 1853. Five years later it 
was remodeled, and there, on May 
1 and 2, 1865, the hallowed remains 
of Abraham Lincoln lay in state 
while thousands passed the bier. 
Again extensive alterations and ad- 
ditions were made in 1870, and in 
October, 1871, the court house was 
reduced to a heap of ruins by the 
conflagration that swent over the 
city. 

One year after the great fire the 
county and city authorities agreed 
to erect a court house and a city 
hall identical, so far as the exterior 
was concerned, but it was not until 
January 4, 1877, that the corner 
stone of the county building was 
laid. Some five years later the 
structure was completed and occu- 
pied, but from the first it proved 
so unsuited and inadequate to the 
demands of the county's business 
that large sums were expended an- 
nually for the rental of additional 
quarters. In January, 1905, an ex- 
plosion of fire rendered the gloomy 
pile of masonry practically unfit 
for further occupation. 

Historical Society, The Chicago. 

— Located corner of Dearborn ave- 
nue and Ontario street. This most 
important society was organized 
April 24, 1856. It was in a flour- 
ishing condition at the time of the 
fire but all of its valuable posses- 
sions were consumed at that time. 
The entire collection, including 
over 100,000 books, manuscripts, 
etc., with many fine oil paintings, 
perished; also the original draft of 
Lincoln's Emancipation Proclama- 
tion. The institution, however, has 
partially recovered from this sad 
blow. It now has a library of 16,- 
000 volumes, 40,000 pamphlets and 
in addition a valuable collection of 
manuscripts and portraits. The 
society is about to erect a new 
building from a liberal fund pro- 
vided for that purpose. Visitors 
courteously received. 



HOL— HOM 



127 



HOM— HOM 



Holidays in Chicago. — January 1, 
New Year's day. 

February 12, Lincoln's birthday. 

February 22, Washington's birth- 
day. 

May 30. Memorial day. 

July 4, Independence day. 

December 25. Christmas day. 

All election days. 

Labor day (first Monday in Sep- 
tember). 

Thanksgiving day (last Thurs- 
day in November). 

Saturday afternoons from 12 
o'clock noon until 12 o'clock mid- 
night. 

It is required by state law that 
whenever any of the foregoing 
holidays falls upon a Sunday the 
Monday next following shall be 
held and considered such holiday. 
All banks, most of the city and 
county offices, the public library 
and the schools are closed, and for 
business purposes legal holidays 
are treated precisely as though they 
were Sundays. 

Arbor, bird and flag days are 
appointed by the governor. The 
two first-named come together and 
are usually fixed for the latter part 
of April. Flag day comes about 
the middle of June. 

Holy Family Orphan Asylum. — 

A Catholic home on Division street, 
corner of Holt. 

Home for Incurables. — Cottage 
Grove avenue electric line to Ellis 
avenue, corner Fifty-sixth street. 
Mrs. Clarissa C. Peck filled her life 
full of noble deeds and in her will 
left $500,000 for the founding of 
this institution which is for her an 
enduring monument, living in the 
hearts and lives of those whom it 
benefits and blesses. A Board of 
Trustees from some of our most 
active and honorable business men 
have carried the work on to its 
present completeness. For six 
years, in which interest accumu- 
lated, the action of the Trustees 
was delayed. The buildings and 
grounds cost $107,000 and there 
was left $600,000. the income from 
which is more than sufficient to 



meet all running expenses and to 
increase the building fund, to be 
ready when additional facilities for 
its work shall be needed. The full 
capacity is 125. It started with 
thirty-three inmates from a similar 
home at Lake View, which was 
then closed. It is theosophical in 
its invitation to the suffering, re- 
ceiving them without distinction of 
race, -creed or color. When possi- 
ble the friends are asked to pay a 
monthly stipend, but from the des- 
titute nothing is asked. A candi- 
date for admission must be incura- 
bly afflicted with some disease of 
which the Trustees are final ref- 
erees. The ailments most frequent 
are paralysis and rheumatism, the 
majority of the former. If not able 
to walk, invalid chairs are pro- 
vided, by which they can change 
place and position at will, in their 
own rooms or through the long 
corridors and wide verandas, where 
bright glimpses of sunshine upon 
the green lawn and gay parterres 
of bright flowers, bring momentary 
surcease of pain to weakened limbs 
and dimmed eyes. Visitors are al- 
ways welcome at the visiting hours. 

Home for the Friendless. — Vin- 
cennes avenue, corner of Fifty-first 
street. Chartered in 1858. Takes 
care of 200 inmates on an average. 
From a weak and humble, begin- 
ning, it has grown and prospered 
until its income, including the Cre- 
rar bequest, is now $21,000 per 
annum. During the last ten years, 
an army numbering 20,167 of wo- 
men and children has continuously 
filed through its welcome portals. 
It is theosophical in its work, as it 
makes no distinction of race, creed 
or color. The only question is 
whether the applicant is needy, and 
for the time being needing a friend's 
help. It matters not whether they 
are deserted wives and mothers, or 
abandoned children, assistance, ma- 
terial and moral, is freely tendered, 
including rest, good food, encour- 
agement, sympathy and advice for 
the future. During its life it has 
found permanent homes for 734 
children "legally surrendered" to 



HOM— HOS 



128 



the Home by their parents. Any 
woman but a drunken one can find 
shelter here temporarily, if she has 
no money to pay for her lodging 
elsewhere. The Humane Society 
sends most of their waifs here, 
when found abandoned by their 
parents. If under nine months, a 
child is not received. Visitors be- 
tween the hours of 10 a. m. and 
noon, and 1 and 4 p. m., are always 
welcome. 

Home Insurance Building. — The 

Home Insurance Building is lo- 
cated at the northeast corner La 
Salle and Adams street, and was 
the first example of what has come 
to be known the world over as 
"Chicago Construction." It is a 
monument to the genius of the late 
W. L. B. Jenney, in whose brain 
modern steel construction was first 
conceived. The framework of the 
building up to the sixth story is 
all of cast iron columns and rolled 
iron beams and above the sixth 
story is steel. Construction began 
May 1, 1885. In 1890 the cornice 
and roof were removed and two 
additional stories applied. 

HOSPITALS. 

Alexian Brothers' Hospital, Belden 
and Racine avenues. 

Augustana Hospital, Cleveland and 
Lincoln avenues. 

Belden Avenue Hospital, 464 Belden 
avenue. 

Bennett Hospital, North Ada and Ful- 
ton streets. 

Beulah Home and Maternity Hospital, 
963 North Clark street. 

Bohemian Hospital, 612 Throop street. 

Chicago Baptist Hospital, Rhodes ave- 
nue, near Thirty-fourth street. 

Chicago Charity Hospital, 2407 Dear- 
born street. 

Chicago City Infant Hospital, 191 La 
Salle avenue. 

Chicago College of Dental Surgery 
Infirmary, Harrison and Wood 
streets. 

Chicago Eye and Ear Hospital, 206 
Washington street. 

Chicago Homeopathic Hospital, Wood 
and York streets. 

Chicago Hospital, 452 Forty-ninth 
street 

Chicago Lying-in Hospital, 294 S. 
Ashland avenue and 302 Maxwell 
street. 

Chicago Maternity Hospital, 1033 N. 
Clark street. 

Chicago Polyclinic Hospital, 174 Chi- 
cago avenue. 



HOS— HOS 

Chicago Tuberculosis Institute, 51 
La Salle street. 

Chicago Union Hospital, 1511 North 
Halsted street. 

Columbus Hospital of the Missionary 
Sisters of the Sacred Heart, Lake 
View avenue and Deming place. 

Continental Hospital, 3535 Indiana 
avenue. 

Cook County Hospital, Harrison and 
Wood streets. 

Detention Hospital, Wood and Polk 
streets. 

Emergency Hospital (city), 83 
Plymouth court, 533 Wells street, 
481 Wabash avenue, and 324 West 
Monroe street. 

Englewood Union Hospital, 838 West 
Sixty-fourth street. 

Frances E. Willard National Temper- 
ance Hospital, 343 South Lincoln 
street. 

Garfield Park Sanitarium, 1776 Wash- 
ington boulevard. 

German- American Hospital, 1619 Di- 
versey boulevard. 

German Hospital, 754 Larrabee street. 

Hahnemann Hospital, 2814-2818 
Groveland avenue. 

Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear In- 
firmary, 227 West Adams street. 

Iroquois Memorial Emergency Hos- 
pital, 189 La Salle street. 

Isolation Hospital, South Lanwdale 
avenue and Thirty-fifth street. 

Lakeside Hospital, 4147 Lake avenue. 

Marion Sims Sanitarium, 438 La Salle 
avenue. 

Mary Thompson Hospital of Chicago 
for Women and Children, West 
Adams and Paulina streets. 

Maurice Porter Memorial Hospital 
for Children, 606 Fullerton avenue. 

Memorial Institute for Infectious 
Diseases, 299 South Hermitage ave- 
nue. 

Mercy Hospital, Twenty-sixth street 
and Calumet avenue. 

Michael Reese Hospital, Twenty- 
ninth street and Groveland Park 
avenue. 

Monroe Street Hospital, 1014 West 
Monroe street. 

National Association Hospital, 231 
Ashland boulevard. 

Norwegian Lutheran Hospital, Had- 
don avenue and Leavitt street. 

Norwegian Lutheran Tabitha Hos- 
pital, North Francisco avenue and 
Thomas street. 

Park Avenue Hospital, 175 Park ave- 
nue. 

Passavant Memorial Hospital, 192 Su- 
perior street. 

People's Hospital, 2184 Archer street. 

Post Graduate Hospital, Twenty- 
fourth and Dearborn streets. 

Presbyterian Hospital, West Congress 
and Wood streets. 

Provident Hospital, Thirty-sixth and 
Dearborn streets. 

Queen Victoria Memorial Hospital, 16 
South Elizabeth street. 

St. Ann's Sanitarium, North Forty- 
ninth avenue and Thomas street. 

St. Anthony de Padua Hospital, West 



HOS— HOS 



129 



HOS— HOT 



Nineteenth street and Marshall boule- 
vard. 

St. Elizabeth Hospital, North Clare- 
mont avenue and Le Moyne street. 

St. Hedwig's Hospital, 936 North 
Hoyne avenue. 

St. Joseph's Hospital, 360 Garfield 
boulevard. 

St. Luke's Hospital, 1416 Indiana ave- 
nue. 

St. Mary's of Nazareth Hospital, 545 
North Leavitt street. 

South Chicago Hospital, 730 Ninety- 
second place. 

Streeter Hospital, 2646 Calumet ave- 
nue. 

Swedish Covenant Hospital, 250 West 
Foster avenue. 

United States Marine Hospital, 
Clarendon and Graceland avenues. 

Washington Park Hospital, 6010 Vin- 
cennes avenue. 

Wesley Hospital, Dearborn and Twen- 
ty-fifth streets. 

West Side Hospital, 819-823 West 
Harrison street. 

Woman's Hospital of Chicago, Rhodes 
avenue and Thirty-second street. 

Hospital and Dispensary Regula- 
tion. — In the passage June 1st of 
the new hospital ordinance the De- 
partment of Health feels that it 
has taken a great step forward. 
The salient points of improvement 
in this ordinance are: 

First, the regulation of lying-in 
hospitals and the requirements of 
having a resident physician on the 
premises. 

Second, the requirement of reg- 
istration either in the public rec- 
ords of the hospital, or the secret 
registry at the Department of 
Health, where the patient can reg- 
ister her name and address and the 
name of the father of the prospec- 
tive infant and receive a card 
bearing a registered number, which 
is all the identification needed at 
any lying-in hospital. This record 
is kept locked up in the vaults of 
the Department of Health and can 
only be reviewed upon the- order 
of a court of record. It is further 
made a misdemeanor for anyone 
to prosecute any further inquiry 
into the case than furnished by the 
registered number. In this way we 
do away with the dread of publicity 
which has led so many unfortunate 
women into the crime of abortion 
and also put out of business the 
midwife and physician who has 



made a practice of catering to this 
form of crime. 

Third, in the. requirement of all 
general hospitals of the weekly re- 
porting of all cases of typhoid 
fever, tuberculosis, epidemic cere- 
bro spinal meningitis, pneumonia 
and such other diseases as may be 
designated by the Commissioner of 
Health, we are enabled to gather 
information of an immense value 
in the suppression and prevention 
of such diseases. 

The dispensary ordinance with 
its requirement of license and per- 
mits for all dispensaries, and the 
further requirement of a weekly 
report with a sworn affidavit as to 
the names and addresses of all pa- 
tients and disease for which they 
are being treated, and a special re- 
port on venereal diseases, is, we 
think, a body blow to quacks and 
advertising specialists who prey 
upon and rob the poor unfortu- 
nates who fall into their clutches. 
By a rigid enforcement of • this 
ordinance the Health Department 
will be able to ultimately put a stop 
to this abuse. 

Hotels. — Arlington Hotel, 247 
Dearborn avenue. 

Auditorium Hotel, Michigan Av. 
and Congress St. 

Auditorium Annex, Michigan Av. 
and Congress St. 

Bismarck Hotel, 180 Randolph St. 

Briggs House, Randolph St. and 
Fifth Av. 

Chicago Beach Hotel, 51st St. 
and Cornell Av. 

Clarendon Hotel, 152 N. Clark St. 

Colonial Hotel, 6325 Monroe Av. 

Columbia Hotel, State and 31st 
Sts. 

Continental Hotel, Wabash Av. 
and Madison St. 

Deming Hotel. 136 Madison St. 

Drexel Arms Hotel, 3956 Drexel 
Blvd. 

Grand Central Hotel, W. Madi- 
son and Canal Sts. 

Grand Pacific Hotel, Clark St. 
and Jackson Blvd. 

Great Northern Hotel, Dearborn 
St. and Jackson Blvd. 

Hotel Brevoort, 143 Madison St. 





La Salle Hotel, Madison an 
(130) 



D La Salle Streets. 



HOT— HOT 



131 



HOT— HOT 



Hotel Del Prado, "Midway," 
Washington and Madison Avs. 

Hotel Grace, Jackson Blvd. and 
Clark St. 

Hotel Holland, 53d St. and Lake 
Avenue. 

Jackson Hotel, Halsted St. and 
Jackson Blvd. 

Hotel LaFayette, W. Madison and 
Des Plaines Sts. 

Hotel La "Strain. 3535 Ellis Av. 

Hotel Mayer, Wabash Av. and 
12th St. 

Hotel Luzerne, Clark and Center 
Sts. 

Hotel Mentone, Dearborn Av. 
and Erie St. 

Hotel Metropole, 23rd St. and 
Michigan Av. 

Hotel Morrison, Madison and 
Clark Sts. 

Hotel Vincennes, 107 36th St. 

Hotel Windemere, 56th St. and 
Cornell Av. 

Hunt's European Hotel, 148 Dear- 
born St. 

Hyde Park Hotel, 51st St. and 
Lake Av. 

Julien Hotel, 63rd St. and Stew- 
art Av. 

Kaiserhofr" Hotel, 266 Clark St. 

Kenwood Hotel, 47th St. and 
Kenwood Av. 

Lakota Hotel, 30th St. and Mich- 
igan Av. 

Lexington Hotel, 22nd and Mich- 
igan Av. 

Majestic Hotel, 22 Quincy St. 

Merchants' Hotel, 415 Milwaukee 
Av. 

McCoy's Hotel, Clark and Van 
Buren Sts. 

Xew Southern Hotel, 1250 Mich- 
igan Av. 

Nicollet Hotel, 69 and 71 Fifth Av. 

Ontario Hotel, Ontario and N. 
State Sts. 

Palace Hotel, 101 N. Clark St. 

Palmer House, State and Mon- 
roe Sts. 

Plaza Hotel, N. Clark St. and 
North Av. 

Revere House. N. Clark and 
Michigan Sts. 

Saratoga Hotel, 155 Dearborn St. 

Sherman House, Randolph and 
Clark Sts. 



Stratford Hotel, Jackson Blvd. 
and Michigan Av. 

Transit House, Union . Stock 
Yards, 42nd and Halsted Sts. 

Vendome Hotel, 62nd St. and 
Monroe Av. 

Virginia Hotel, Ohio and Rush 
Sts. 

Wellington Hotel, Wabash Av. 
and Jackson Blvd. 

Windsor Clifton Hotel, Monroe 
St. and Wabash Av. 

Yorkshire Hotel, 1837 Michigan 
Av. 

Hotel Grace. — The downtown ho- 
tel, corner Clark street and Jack- 
son boulevard. European plan. 
Location, opposite postoffice and 
Board of Trade in exact center of 
business district. Two hundred 
rooms. Every room has hot and 
cold water and is heated by steam. 
Two blocks from Rock Island and 
Lake Shore depots. 

Hotel La. Salle.— Hotel La Salle, 
corner La Salle and Madison 
streets, is the most magnificent, 
the most comfortable, the safest 
and the most modern hotel west of 
New York City. 

It is the largest hotel ever con- 
structed under an original contract, 
being twenty-four stories in height 
— twenty-two above and two below 
the street level — and containing in 
all 1,172 rooms. The building cov- 
ers 29,100 square feet of ground, 
measuring 178 feet on La Salle by 
162^ feet on Madison street. From 
the sidewalk to the copper cheneau 
crowning the roof, the building 
measures 260 feet., and contains 
over 7,500,000 cubic feet. The ho- 
tel, with the land on which it is 
built, represent an investment of 
over $6,500,000. 

Hotel La Salle is fireproof in 
every sense of the word and is one 
of the best examples of the highest 
type of steel and fireproof con- 
struction work. Steel, concrete, 
Bedford stone, granite, brick, terra 
cotta, marble and tile are the prin- 
cipal materials in the building. The 
number of broad stirways and fire- 
escapes more than complies with 



HOT— HOT 132 

the rigid requirements of the Chi- 
cago city ordinances. 

The steel columns rest on 105 
concrete caissons which are carried 
110 feet below the street line to 
solid rock, making the building one 
rigid structure from rock to roof. 

Hotel La Salle in its complete- 
ness of equipment and adequacy of 
size, appeals strongly to all dis- 
criminating people who desire high 
class accommodations and efficient 
service. 

Every one of the total number 
of rooms is dedicated to the com- 
fort, convenience and accommoda- 
tion of the hotel's patrons. One 
thousand and seventy-two rooms 
are for the immediate use. of the 
guests, while the remaining one 
hundred are given over to operat- 
ing and maintaining departments, 
kitchens, servants' sleeping and 
dining quarters, etc. There are 
ten hundred and forty-eight guests' 
sleeping rooms, eight hundred and 
forty-two of which have private 
bathrooms in connection, and each 
of the remaining rooms have run- 
ning water. Mr. George H. Gaz- 
ley, formerly of the St. Regis 
Hotel, New York City, is the gen- 
eral manager. 

Hotel La Strain. — Located one 
block from I. C. R. R., 36th street 
station. One block from Cottage 
Grove avenue and 35th street elec- 
tric cars, and within ten minutes' 
ride to the business and amusement 
center. 

The "La Strain" is a most home- 
like and strictly first-class hotel and 
is conducted on the American plan. 

Mr. John O'Donnell, for several 
years connected with the Chicago 
Beach Hotel, is the proprietor. 

Hotel Majestic— Quincy street, 
between State and Dearborn, Chi- 
cago. Directly east of main en- 
trance to new post office. Abso- 
lutely fireproof. European plan. 
The famous St. Hubert Grill Room 
located on top floor commanding a 
magnificent view of the city and 
Lake Michigan. Two hundred 



HOT— HOU 

rooms. Every room an outside 
room. One hundred and fifty 
rooms with bath. 

Hotel Metropole. — Michigan 
boulevard and Twenty-third street, 
Chicago. Fireproof, 300 rooms, 
European plan. The Metropole 
Company, proporietors. 

Household Goods Industry. — In 

the manufacture of household 
goods, including furniture and all 
kinds upholstered ware, beds, bed- 
ding material, wall paper, wooden 
and willow ware, etc., Chicago 
stands in the front rank, and it is 
the great central market for the 
middle west. Owing to the finan- 
cial depression last vear there was 
a decline of from 10 to 18 per cent 
in the total output of these various 
industries in 1908, but the same 
rule obtained in other manufactur- 
ing centers, so that this decrease 
is not noticeable in this market 
alone. Every branch of industry 
suffered as a result of the depres- 
sion, but it was only in the finer 
grades of furniture and other lines 
of household goods which justly 
may be classed among luxuries to 
be dispensed with in a pinch that 
the lessened demand was most con- 
spicuous. In many other lines the 
figures of last year compare fa- 
vorably with those of 1907. 

Chicago long has held first place 
as a furniture manufacturing and 
distributing center. This industry 
perhaps suffered most by reason of 
the financial depression last year, 
the record showing that the value 
of the furniture output fell from 
$42,000,000 in 1907 to $35,000,000 in 
1908. While this is the smallest 
showing made by the furniture 
trade in Chicago in several years, 
it compares favorably with the 
eastern records, which show a 
greater percentage of decrease in 
the value of the furniture output 
than has been known in more than 
ten years past. 

There are 220 factories in Chi- 
cago devoted to the manufacture of 
furniture and kindred lines. They 
give employment to nearly 30,000 



HOU— HOW 



133 



HOW— HUL 



workers. In the business of whol- 
saling furniture Chicago virtually 
enjoys a monopoly. This city is the 
mecca twice each year of furniture 
retailers from all parts of the coun- 
try, who are attracted by the great 
exhibitions of the local products, 
which are open all the year round. 
Chicago is the home of styles, the 
source of fashion, and the seat of 
knowledge that controls the fur- 
niture trade of the country. 

House Hunting. — If you want to 
hire a house or apartments your 
easiest way of proceeding is to go 
to the different real estate dealers, 
and get their lists of what they 
have for rent at about the price 
you want to pay, and then go to 
the houses themselves, and see 
which will suit you best. If you 
know nothing about the neighbor- 
hood, are a stranger, and have no 
reason to trust the dealers' word, 
}'ou had better make inquiries of 
the police if there is anything at 
all suspicious. Having satisfied 
yourself that the quarters are what 
you want, don't forget to examine 
the water faucets, closets and traps. 
It is safe to sign a lease wherein 
the owner agrees to keep the prem- 
ises in thorough repair. All taxes 
and assessments, including water 
tax, are paid by the owners of 
houses. The only thing you will 
have to look after in that direction 
is the gas. Gas companies exact a 
deposit for each, meter furnished 
by them, which deposit they will 
refund when you surrender their 
receipt for the amount. Do not, 
under any pressure whatever, pay 
the gas bill of a former tenant. 
Almost any kind of a house or 
apartments may be had in any of 
the residence portions of the city. 
Rents vary considerably, owing to 
location. In some of the ultra- 
fashionable neighborhoods a tenant 
may pay $2,000 per year for a fine 
house. Many poor families occupy 
quarters in uninviting districts, for 
which they pay anywhere from $4 
to $10 per month. 



How the County Expends Money. 

— It costs a considerable sum to 
pay Cook County's annual bills, as 
will be seen by the figures taken 
from the last report of the Con- 
troller: 

Salary . $2,548,299.44 

Supply ..» 770,500.00 

Furniture and Repairs... 83,760.00 

Judges 209,000.00 

Jurors 230,000.00 

Outdoor Relief 17,225.00 

Roads and Bridges 40,000.00 

Industrial Schools 56,000.00 

Sundry Other Funds 1,813,322.72 



Total $5,768,107.16 

How Money Accumulates. — The 

following shows how easy it is to 
accumulate money, provided proper 
steps be taken. The table shows 
what would be the result at the end 
of fifty years by saving a certain 
amount each day, and putting it at 
interest. at the rate of six per cent: 

1 Cent $ 950 

10 Cents 6,504 

20 Cents 19,006 

30 Cents 28,512 

40 Cents 38,015 

50 Cents 47,520 

60 Cents 57,024 

70 Cents 66,528 

80 Cents 76,032 

90 Cents 85,537 

1 Dollar 95,041 

5 Dollars 475,208 

Hubbard Woods. — Hubbard 
Woods is one mile north of Win- 
netka, but lies within its limits. It 
contains very near the same beauty 
as Winnetka. 

Hull House. — Located at 355 
South Halsted street. The Hull 
House is a social settlement, and 
occupies a series of attractive build- 
ings fronting on Halsted street and 
Polk. It is an old residence of 
Chas. J. Hull, erected in the '50s. 
Its objects are to provide for the 
civic and social life; to investigate 
and improve conditions in Chi- 
cago's industrial center and to in- 
stitute and maintain educational 
and philanthropic enterprises. Hull 
House is notable among the scores 
of settlements doing splendid serv- 
ice in Chicago, not only for the 
breadth and success of its work, 



HUL— HUM 



134 



HUM— HUM 



but because it was the first of the 
so-called social settlements here. 
There are at present forty-six resi- 
dent workers and more than 100 
non-residents who serve as instruct- 
ors or class leaders. 

A day nursery, kindergarten, 
well equipped gymnasium, art 
studio, book bindery, labor mu- 
seum, various arts and crafts shops 
and a play ground are a few of the 
interesting and helpful features at 
this settlement. 

Visitors may inspect the premises 
at reasonable hours. The evening 
will be found most interesting for 
seeing the varied activities of the 
place. One of the features is a res- 
taurant, one of the best in the 
neighborhood, prices very moder- 
ate and open to all. Here, too, is 
also a branch of the Public Li- 
brary. Residential clubs are main- 
tained here, one for the boys and 
one for the girls. 

This splendid institution is ac- 
complishing a noble work and its 
leading and active spirit is Miss 
Jane Addams. 

Humane Society. — The Illinois 
Humane Society, office No. 560 
Wabash avenue, was incorporated 
the 25th day of March, 1869, under 
the Revised Statutes of Illinois. 
The officers and Board of Directors 
consist of thirty members, among 
whom will be found the most 
prominent ladies and gentlemen of 
Chicago. The society also has a 
list of honorary members, and a 
large number of life members, who 
are elected by the society, and they 
pay the sum of $100 per year. Ac- 
tive members pay $10 per year. 
The society employs a number of 
agents who investigate cases of 
cruelty and prosecute the same. 
The manifold objects of this so- 
ciety are: To stop cruelty to chil- 
dren; to rescue them from vicious 
influences and remedy their condi- 
tion; to stop the beating of ani- 
mals, dog fights, over-loading horse 
cars, over-loading teams; the use 
of tight check reins; over-driving; 
clipping dogs' ears and tails; un- 
derfeeding and neglect of shelter 



for animals; bagging cows; cruel- 
ties on railroad stock trains; bleed- 
ing calves: plucking live fowls; the 
clipping of horses; driving galled 
and disabled animals; tying calves' 
and sheep's legs; to introduce bet- 
ter roads and pavements, better 
methods of slaughtering; better 
methods of horse-shoeing; im- 
proved cattle cars; drinking foun- 
tains, and to introduce humane lit- 
erature in schools and homes. The 
society also aims to induce children 
to be humane, teachers to teach 
kindness to animals, clergymen to 
preach it, authors to write it, edi- 
tors to keep it before the people; 
drivers and trainers of horses to 
try kindness; owners of animals to 
feed regularly; people to protect 
insectivorous birds; boys not to 
molest birds' nests; men to take 
better care of stock; everybody not 
to sell the old family horse to own- 
ers of tip-carts; people of all the 
states to form humane societies; 
men to give money to forward this 
good cause; women to interest 
themselves in the noble work; peo- 
ple, to appreciate the intelligence 
and virtue of animals, and. gener- 
ally, to make men, women and chil- 
dren better because more humane.. 
This society is doing a noble 
work, as its annual report of cases 
investigated and children rescued 
and their condition remedied, testi- 
fies. The society has the hearty 
and practical support of the police 
and all officers of the law. The 
public and press give abundant 
moral support, and the ordinances 
of the city and the laws of the 
state are ample, and need only en- 
forcement to improve the condi- 
tions of life generally. A man can 
not beat his child or animal in this 
city with impunity, for the law for- 
bids cruelty, and punishes the of- 
fender. The public is notified to 
report all cases of cruelty to ani- 
mals or children at once to the 
Humane Society or to the society's 
agents, whether requiring prosecu- 
tion or not. Give name and resi- 
dence of offender, when known, 
and the name or number upon the 



HUM— HUM 



135 



ICE— ICE 



vehicle, if licensed. Get name of 
owner or receiver of animals driven 
or carried in a cruel manner; name 
of owner and driver of horses or 
other animals used in unfit condi- 
tion, or otherwise abused. If pros- 
ecution is required, furnish names 
of two or more witnesses, and a 
full statement of facts. All com- 
munications are regarded as con- 
fidential by the society. 

Humboldt Park. — In Humboldt 
Park a large modern pavilion and 
boat landing, with spacious per- 
golas and terraces, from which the 
surrounding landscape and lake 
scenery may be viewed, have been 
completed. 

Fronting these building, towards 
the lake, is a broad terrace, with 
appropriate flower boxes and orna- 
mental vases. This terrace consti- 
tutes the roof of the boat landing, 
which, during winter months, will 
provide shelter and a warming 
room for the skaters. 

Suitable rooms for serving re- 
freshments to the public are also 
provided in these pavilions. 

The old greenhouses have been 
torn down, and on the site they 
occupied a magnificent rose garden 
has been created with many beauti- 
ful and attractive features in con- 
nection with it. The beautv of this 
garden may be seen and enjoyed 
from an elevated walk surrounding 
it. A garden hall connects the rose 
garden from the west with a na- 
turalistic garden beyond, and at 
the eastern entrance, directly op- 
posite Reuter's statue, is an orna- 
mental gateway with garden lan- 
terns, water fountains and seats, all 
fittingly designed to harmonize 
with the surroundings. 

The naturalistic garden to the 
west of the rose garden surround- 
ing the lagoon is bordered with 
hardy plants of all kinds and 
planted with trees and flowering 
shrubbery. Located in this garden 
are two tea houses that may be 
used for afternoon gatherings of 
children or women's clubs. 

The lagoon has been narrowed 
to a brook and is filled with water 



lilies and other aquatic plants which 
make it a prominent part of the 
garden. 

A music court with a covered 
shelter, which is large enough to 
afford seating capacity for the pub- 
lic during the summer concerts, 
has been provided. 

The lagoon directly east of the 
artesian well has been filled with 
sand to make a wading pool for 
children, and a suitable shelter 
building has been constructed. The 
wading pools that have been pro- 
vided in the various parks are a 
source of enjoyment to thousands 
of children who crowd the parks 
on hot days and find in these clean, 
cool and safe pools the required 
diversion and innocent amusement. 

The grading and shaping of the 
unimproved area of Humboldt 
Park, consisting of about sixty 
acres, which comprises the entire 
western portion of the park, has 
been finished and extensive trees 
and shrubbery planting, which was 
done there this fall, fully completes 
the improvement. A suitable en- 
trance to the park at Division street 
and California avenue has been con- 
structed. 

When all the improvements now 
under way are finished, Humboldt 
Park will be one of the most beau- 
tiful parks in this country. 

Ice Cream. — There is more ice 
cream consumed in Chicago per 
capita than in any other city in 
the world. ^ The industry has 
grown rapidly within the last 
twenty years and what was con- 
sidered a luxury in 1889 has today 
become a necessity and an article 
of food consumed daily without 
regard to seasons or temperature. 
As showing the extent of the busi- 
ness last year it is only necessary 
to say that in handling the product 
300 double trucks and fifty single 
horse vehicles were required daily 
to supply ice cream to the con- 
sumers and trade. 

More than 32,000,000 gallons of 
ice cream were consumed in Chi- 
cago last year, and in its manufac- 
ture 125,000 tons of ice was used. 



ILL— ILL 



136 



ILL— IMM 



The amount of milk employed in 
the process is enormous, and it is 
estimated that more milk and 
cream are used in Chicago daily 
by one of the larger ice cream 
manufacturers than would be con- 
sumed by a town of 20.000 popula- 
tion. 

The conditions surrounding the 
making of ice cream in Chicago 
are the best. The use of sterilized 
and pasteurized milk has obtained 
for more than eight years and the 
sanitary laws are strictly observed 
in all the manufacturing plants. 
The primitive methods of making 
ice cream have been displaced by 
machinery, thus completely revo- 
lutionizing the industry within the 
last five years. From beating the 
product with a wooden paddle in 
an open tin can, as was done twen- 
ty years ago, the manufacturer to- 
day freezes his cream in silver 
lined machines, which operate auto- 
matically, thereby eliminating in- 
sanitary conditions which obtained 
in the old style of production. 
With the installation of new pat- 
ent machines has come mechanical 
refrigeration for storage and ice 
making, all tending to more mod- 
ern methods and proper observ- 
ance of the laws of sanitation. 

The Chicago ice cream manufac- 
turers are members of an associa- 
tion which has done much to im- 
prove the industry and to popu- 
larize their output in the homes of 
all alike. 

Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear 
Infirmary. — Is located at 227 West 
Adams street. It is open to indi- 
gent residents of the state. This 
is an institution that Chicago and 
the State of Illinois can well be 
proud of, as the management is of 
a high order. 

Illinois District Telegraph Com- 
pany's Messenger Service. — Uni- 
formed messengers can be had at 
all offices of the Western Union 
Telegraph Company in Chicago to 
deliver invitations, notes, pack- 
ages, or run errands of any sort. 
To act as office boys or caddies, 



purchase theater tickets, distribute 
circulars, etc. 

Telegrams and cablegrams for 
transmission over the lines of the 
Western Union Telegraph Com- 
pany called for promptly without 
charge for messenger service. 
Messenger call boxes installed free 
upon application. For information 
as to fire alarms, sprinkler alarms 
and watchman's signals apply to 
superintendent's office in National 
Life building, 159 La Salle street. 

Illinois Theater. — Located on 
Jackson boulevard, near Michigan 
boulevard, and occupying the site 
of the old First Regiment armory. 
A superb graystone temple of the 
drama, with every foot of space 
set aside for theatrical purposes, 
with no offices or other business 
enterprises. Completed in the win- 
ter of 1900-1901, the Illinois, man- 
aged by Will J. Davis, sprang into 
a front rank in western theatricals 
immediately. It is the spot where 
the greatest tragedians and the 
stars of comedy shine at their 
brightest, and where Chicago's 
"400" go to be thoroughly amused. 

Immigrants. — Thousands of Eu- 
ropeans annually settle in Chicago 
and hundreds of them arrive every 
week over the different railroads. 
They seem to fit quietly into the 
social structure; their fellow coun- 
trymen receive them with open 
arms, and ere long they become 
part and parcel of the population. 
As is shown by the census tables, 
the Germans are most numerous 
among the immigrants; the Irish 
are a good second, with the Scan- 
dinavians, Poles and Bohemians 
next in order. There is now con- 
siderable immigration of Italians 
and Russian Jews, but this will 
probably be only temporary. 

Immoral Pictures. — Much 'satis- 
faction is felt by the members of 
the theater censoring squad over 
the decision handed down recently 
by the Supreme Court upholding 
the right of the city to exercise 
police power in censoring immoral 
pictures. 



IND— IND 

Meanwhile the police department 
has been going ahead on the pre- 
sumption that they had the right to 
say what sort of pictures should be 
shown at the 5 and 10 cent thea- 
ters as well as at the larger houses 
and also have been suppressing the 
sale of indecent picture post cards. 

Index of Interest. — Railroads 
(divisions not included) entering 
Chicago, 26. 

Manufacturers in 1905. value of 
product, $955,036,277. 

Population in 1908 (estimated), 
2,250,000. 

Width of the city, east to west, 
nine miles. 

Imports of merchandise, $26,528,- 
028. 

Hospitals, 73. 

Appropriations, all purposes, 
$48,375,066.63. 

Water used in a year (gallons), 
165,924,823,150. 

Internal revenue collected in Chi- 
cago district, $8,020,055.10. 

Halls, public, 450. 

Employes on city pay roll, 22,- 
774. 

Area in square miles, 190.64. 

Mileage of sewers, 5,000. 

Number of fire hydrants, 22,758. 
Teachers in Public Schools, 6,106. 

Banks, national and state, 68. 

Lights, electrical service, 8,447. 

Value (actual) of real estate and 
personal property, $2,383,851,995. 

Assessed valuation, $476,770,399. 

Latitude, N. 41 deg. 53 min. 6 
sec. 

Tonnage of vessels cleared in 
1907, 7,995,211. 

Theaters, 38. 

Asylums, 88. 

Number of lawyers, 5,117. 

Mileage of boulevards, 48. 
Streets and alleys, unimproved, 
miles, 3,676. 

Streets and alleys, improved, 
miles, 1,576. 

Building permits issued, 21,826. 

Length of city, north to south, 
26 miles. 

Passenger trains arriving and 
departing in one day, 1,594. 

Value of buildings erected (1907), 
$59,093,080. 



137 IND— IND 

Fire hook and ladder companies, 



34. 

Number of fire engines, 120. 

Number of saloons, retail, 7,120. 

Area of parks in acres. 3,196. 

Lights, gas in service, 22,735. 

Churches, chapels and missions, 
1,246. 

Number of cemeteries, 51. 

Pupils enrolled in public schools, 
292,581. 

Libraries, 21. 

Lights, gasoline in service, 6,729. 

Streets and alleys, total mileage, 
4,251. 

Longitude, 87 deg. 38 min. 1 sec. 
west. 

Fire alarm boxes, 1,908. 

Pieces of mail delivered, fiscal 
year, 1,204,846,570. 

Number of policemen, including 
officers, 4,345. 

Clearings by associated banks, 
$12,087,647,870.08. 

Number of firemen, including of- 
ficers, 1,785. 

Elevations, above sea level, 582 
feet; above Lake Michigan, 25 feet. 

Duties collected on imported 
merchandise, $10,536,564.74. 

Dispensaries, 30. 

Street railway mileage, 1,350. 

Medical schools, 34. 

Passengers carried on street rail- 
ways in one day, 1,354,450. 

Longest street (Western avenue). 
22 miles. 

Sidewalks, mileage, 5,000. 

Number of Public Schools, 274. 

Postal receipts, per year, $14,- 
598,991.01. 

Indiana Harbor, Ind. — Indiana 
Harbor is 19 miles from Chicago 
and has a population of 250. This 
village is growing very rapidly, 
and the Federal Government is ex- 
pending great sums in building a 
harbor and cutting a ship canal to 
connect Lake Michigan with the 
Calumet River. 

Indians. — The Pottawatomie tribe 
were in possession of the country 
around Chicago in ancient times, 
although bands of Miamis and 
Mascoutins often roamed over the 
same territory. The Pottawato- 
mies were mainly responsible for 



IND— IND 



138 



IND— IND 



the Fort Dearborn massacre of 
1S12, and lingered in the vicinity 
of Lake Michigan until 1835 or '36, 
when they went West. 

Quite a number of Chicagoans, 
mostly of French nomeclature. 
have a tinge of Pottawatomie blood 
and some of these were, in 1889, 
claimants to a division of the tribal 
funds. Many Indians and half- 
breeds, employed by circuses and 
medicine troupes, make Chicago 
their home. A few years ago there 
were forty Caughnawaga Iroquois, 
and several Sioux half-breeds, liv- 
ing on Eagle street, an obscure 
alley on the West Side. 

Industrial and Commercial Associa- 
tions. 

American Aberdeen Angus Breed- 
ers' Association, 17 Exchange Av., 
Union Stock Yards. 

American Association of Creamery 
Manufacturers, 115 Adams St. 

American Newspaper Publishers' 
Association, 143 Dearborn St. 

American Railway Engineering and 
Maintenance of Way Association, 98 
Jackson Blvd. 

American Short Horn Breeders' As- 
sociation, Union Stock Yards. 

American Technical Society, Drexel 
Blvd. and Fifty-eighth St. 

American Trotting and Register 
Association, 355 Dearborn St. 

Architectural Iron League, 808 
Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Association Elgin Creameries, 36 
La Salle St. 

Association of American Railway 
Accounting Officers, 143 Dearborn St. 

Automobile Dealers' Association, 
309 Michigan Blvd. 

Bankers' Union, 72 Madison St. 

Ben Franklin Club, 98 Jackson 
Blvd. 

Board of Trade, Jackson Blvd. and 
La Salle St. 

Builders' and Traders' Exchange of 
Chicago, 134 Washington St. 

Building Managers' Association, 
204 Dearborn St. 

California Fruit Canners' Associa- 
tion, 42 River St. 

Carpenters' and Builders' Associa- 
tion of Chicago, 112 Clark St. 

Chicago Advertising Association, 
118 Monroe St. 

Chicago Architectural Association, 
125 Michigan Blvd. 

Chicago Association of Commerce, 
77 Jackson Blvd. 

Chicago Bar Association, 134 Mon- 
roe St. 

Chicago Board of Underwriters, 159 
La Salle St. 

Chicago Butter and Egg Board, 154 
Lake St. 

Chicago Coal Dealers' Association, 
277 Dearborn St. 



Chicago Credit Men's Association, 
218 La Salle St. 

Chicago Drug Trade Club, 122 
Franklin St. 

Chicago Electrical Association, 1736 
Monadnock Blk. 

Chicago Estimators' Club, 145 La 
Salle St. 

Chicago Feed Dealers' Association, 
649 W. Madison St. 

Chicago Junior Bar Association, 138 
Washington St. 

Chicago Grocers' and Butchers' As- 
sociation, 210 Masonic Temple. 

Chicago Landlords' Protective Bu- 
reau, 197 W. Division St. 

Chicago Law Reporters' Associa- 
tion, 148 Michigan Av. 

Chicago Live Stock Exchange, Ex- 
change Bldg., Union Stock Yards. 

Chicago Medical Society Bureau, 87 
Lake St. 

Chicago Mining and Stock Ex- 
change, 175 Jackson Blvd. 

Chicago Open Board of Trade, 267 
La Salle St. 

Chicago Picture Frame and Mould- 
ing Manufacturers' Association, 78 La 
Salle St. 

Chicago Produce Trade and Credit 
Association, 34 Clark St. 

Chicago Real Estate Board, 57 
Dearborn St. 

Chicago Restaurant Keepers' Asso- 
ciation, 143 Dearborn St. 

Chicago Retail Druggists' Associa- 
tion, 305 Fifty-fifth St. 

Chicago Steam Engineers' Club, 140 
Dearborn St. 

Chicago Stationers' Association, 115 
Dearborn St. 

Chicago Stock Exchange, The Rook- 
ery, La Salle St. 

Chicago Society of Proofreaders, 
261 Dearborn St. 

Chicago Teachers' Federation, 79 
Dearborn St. 

Chicago Trade Press Association, 
1431 Monadnock Bldg. 

Chicago Typothetae, 1214 Monad- 
nock Bldg. 

Chicago Undertakers' Association, 
78 La Salle St. 

Cigar Manufacturers' and Dealers' 
Association, 387 W. Harrison St. 

Commercial Club of Chicago, 221 
Adams St. 

Convention Bureau, 77 Jackson 
Blvd. 

Flour Exchange of Chicago, 907, 188 
Madison St. 

Furniture Exhibition Co., 1411 
Michigan St. 

General Manager Association of 
Chicago, 234 Michigan Blvd. 

Hotel Association of Chicago, 324 
Dearborn St. 

Illinois Coal Operators' Association, 
299 Dearborn St. 

Illinois Commercial Men's Associa- 
tion, 204 Masonic Temple. 

Illinois Furniture Warehousemen's 
Association, 480 Wabash Av. 

Illinois Institute of Accountants, 
315 Dearborn St. 



IND— IND 



139 



IND— INH 



Illinois Manufacturers' Association, 
125 Monroe St. 

Illinois Retail Hardware Associa- 
tion, 225 Roscoe St. 

Illinois Society of Engineers and 
Surveyors, 1636 Monadnock Bldg. 

Illinois State Brewers' Association, 
103 Randolph St. 

Industrial Club of Chicago, 203 
Monroe St. 

International Freight Bureau, 98 
Jackson Blvd. 

Iron League, 134 Washington St. 

Italian Chamber of Commerce, 55 
State St. 

Jewelers' Board of Trade, 103 State 
St. 

Junior Business Club, 428 Washing- 
ton Blvd. 

Lake Carriers' Association, 100 Van 
Buren St. 

Landlords' Co-operative Associa- 
tion, 138 Washington St. 

Lawyers' Association of Illinois, 
1119, 59 Clark St. 

Liquor Dealers' Protective Associa- 
tion of Illinois, 109 Randolph St. 

Live Stock Weighing Association, 
Union Stock Yards. 

Lumbermen's Association, 1312, 122 
Monroe St. 

Lumber Dealers' Association of 
Chicago, 181 Clark St. 

Manufacturers' and Dealers' Club, 
192 Washington St. 

Masons' and Contractors' Associa- 
tion of Chicago, 808, 138 Washington 
St. 

Merchants' Association of Chicago, 
1308, 122 Monroe St. 

Millers' National Federation, 169 
Jackson Blvd. 

National Association of Agricul- 
tural Implement and Vehicle Mfrs., 
205 La Salle St. 

National Association of Box Mfrs., 
143 Dearborn St. 

National Association of Employing 
Lithographers, 1201, 140 Dearborn St. 

National Association of Retail 
Druggists, 79 Dearborn St. 

National Building Trades Employ- 
ers' Association, 808, 138 Washington 
St. 

National Business League of 
America, 507, 108 La Salle St. 

National Conservation League, 107 
Dearborn St. 

National Founders' Association, 
506, 218 La Salle St. 

National Metal Trades Association, 
1524, 143 Dearborn St. 

National Hardwood Lumber Asso- 
ciation, 122 Monroe St. 

National Plow Association, 125 
Monroe St. 

National Wagon Mfrs.' Association, 
125 Monroe St. 

National Wholesale Tailors' Asso- 
ciation, 237 Fifth Av. 

Nonpareil Club, 161 Washington St. 

Northwestern Traveling Men's As- 
sociation, 69 Dearborn St. 

Percheron Society of America, 
Union Stock Yards. 



Physicians' Club of Chicago, 103 
State St. 

Planing Mill Men's Association of 
Chicago, 122 Monroe St. 

Property Owners' and Tax Payers' 
Association, 100 Washington St. 

Publishers' Club, 234 Fifth Av. 

Publishers' Commercial Union, 112 
Dearborn St. 

Shoe and Leather Association of 
Chicago, 207 Lake St. 

Traffic Club of Chicago, 536, The 
Rookery. 

Trans-Continental Passenger Asso- 
ciation, 9 Jackson Blvd. 

Uniform Classification Committee, 
135 Adams St. 

United Editors' Association, 28 
Jackson Blvd. 

United Press Association, 188 Mad- 
ison St. 

United States Brewers' Association, 
109 Randolph St. 

United States Maltsters' Associa- 
tion, 226 La Salle St. 

Western Passenger Association, 9 
Jackson Blvd. 

Western Railway Club, 84 Van 
Buren St. 

Western Society of Engineers, 98 
Jackson Blvd. 

Inheritance Tax. — Under the 
provisions of the Illinois law. all 
property, real, personal and mixed, 
which shall pass by will or by the 
interstate laws of the state from 
any resident of the state or any 
one whose property is in this state 
to any person or persons is sub- 
ject to a tax at the following rates: 
When the beneficial interests to 
any property or income therefrom 
shall pass to any father, mother, 
husband, wife, child, brother, sis- 
ter, wife or widow of the son or 
the husband of the daughter, or 
any adopted child or children, or 
to any lineal descendant born in 
lawful wedlock, the rate of tax 
shall be $1 on every $100 of the 
clear market value of such prop- 
erty received by each person and 
at the same rate for any less 
amount, provided that any estate 
which may be valued at less than 
$20,000 shall not be subject to any 
such tax; and the tax is to be 
levied in the above cases only 
upon the excess of $20,000 received 
by each person. 

When the property passes to 
any uncle, aunt, niece, nephew or 
any lineal descendant of the same 
the rate shall be $2 on every $100 
in excess of $2,000. 



INH— INS 140 



INT— INT 



In all other cases the rate shall 
be as follows: On each and every 
$100 of the clear market value of 
all property and at the same rate 
for any less amount; on all estates 
of $10,000 and less, $3; on all es- 
tates over $10,000 and not exceed- 
ing $20,000, $4; on all estates over 
$20,000 and not exceeding $50,000, 
$5; and all estates over $50,000, 
$6; provided that an estate in the 
above case which may be valued 
at a less sum than $500 shall not 
be subject to any tax. 

Inheritance Tax (United States). 

— The Government at Washington 
expects to raise a new revenue of 
$20,000,000 per year. This is how 
it will effect a few of the principal 
estates in Chicago: 

Scheduled 

amount. Tax. 

Marshall Field. $ 80,000,000 $2,400,000 

P. D. Armour.. 20,000,000 600,000 

Potter Palmer. 10,000,000 300,000 

Otto Young 6,000,000 180,000 

John B. Drake. 4,000,000 120,000 

Nelson Morris.. 20,000,000 600,000 

Silas Cobb 6,000,000 180,000 

G. F. Swift 10,000,000 300,000 

J. V. Farwell.. 2,000,000 60,000 



Totals $158,000,000 $4,740,000 

Under the provisions of the pro- 
posed act, estates ranging from 
$10,000 to $100,000 will be subject 
to a tax of 1 per cent from $100,- 
000 to $500,000 they will be subject 
to a tax of 2 per cent and above 
$500,000 the tax will be 3 per cent. 
Five hundred dollars, or more, left 
to collateral heirs receiving $500, 
or more, will be taxed 5 per cent. 

Insanity in the State. — The bien- 
nial report of the Illinois state 
board of charities is disheartening, 
so far as its discussion of insanity 
is concerned. Some comparative 
figures are given. In 1878 there 
were 2,576 insane persons in the 
public institutions of Illinois. In 
1908 there were 12,084. In 1878 
the total population was 2,968,000. 
In 1908 it was 5,618,000. In 1878 
one person out of 1,152 of the pop- 
ulation was cared for in a public 
institution as insane. In 1908 one 
out of 465. The population has 
increased 89 per cent in thirty 



years. The insane population cared 
for by the state has increased 369 
per cent. 

Intercepting Sewers. — The prog- 
ress made toward the completion 
of the city's intercepting sewer 
system — that system of sewage 
bores which is to divert all refuse 
from the waters of Lake Michigan 
to the Drainage Canal — has been 
most satisfactory during the past 
year. In the southern division of 
the city this work has been prac- 
tically completed. On the North 
Side rapid progress has been made 
on the Lawrence avenue conduit, 
the 16-foot bore which is to carry 
the waters of the lake to flush the 
North Branch of the Chicago 
River. This work has been pressed 
with vigor after years of delay. 

During the year a total of 14,320 
feet was added to the intercepting 
sewage bores, while the total mile- 
age of all sewers constructed ag- 
gregated 42.86. This progress 
means that the consummation of 
Chicago's new method of sewage 
disposal is at hand and the day is 
near when all pollution will be di- 
verted from Lake Michigan within 
the boundaries of the municipality. 

International Amphitheater. — 

This building was constructed only 
a few years ago and is located at 
Exchange avenue and Halsted 
street, Union Stock Yards. The 
total dimensions are 310 by 600 
feet, within which is an arena 105 
by 265 feet. The floor space of 
the amphitheater totals 243,600 
square feet, and the seating ca- 
pacity is 10,000. 

An annual event held in this 
building is the International Live 
Stock Exhibition, at which are 
shown exhibits of cattle, horses, 
sheep and hogs from every sec- 
tion of the United States, Canada 
and several European countries. 
At the stock show of last year 
3,500 individual animals were en- 
tered in competition for prizes and 
about 4,000 more competed for the 
best showing in carload lots, mak- 
ing a total of 7,500 animals ex- 



ITA— JAP 



hibited. The number of visitors at 
the stock show was about 400,000. 
Italians. — The Italian population 
of Chicago numbers about 20,000, 
largely made up of laborers, rag- 
pickers and fruit venders, who are 
industrious, economical and dirty. 
Most of them will suffer many pri- 
vations for the sake of saving a 
little money, and though they have 
a miserable appearance, there are 
no beggars among them. As a 
rule they are found in the worst 
parts of the city. They rarely 
speak the English language and 
mingle little with people of other 
nationalities. They are commonly 
sober, but when they do become 
intoxicated, it is nearly certain that 
they will quarrel, and not rarely, 
with fatal results. It is a mistake 
to suppose that the majority of 
organ grinders and strolling play- 
ers which roam the streets are 
Italians. These nuisances are 
mostly Germans. Another calling 
to which our Italians answer is 
that of waiters in restaurants, a 
business for which their natural 
politeness renders them peculiarly 
fit. Ascending their social ladder 
we find a host of Italian musicians, 
music and language teachers, some 
of whom stand very high in their 
professions, and others have de- 
voted themselves to literary pur- 
suits or to the higher branches of 
trade. On South Water street, as 
a rule, the large fruit dealers are 
of this nationality. 

I Will.— Mrs. "I Will" is rather 
liberal in her expenditures. She 
wants $22,528,006 for her corpo- 
rate needs. Water, $4,946,010; 
schools, $17,683,100; library, $500,- 
000. Total, $45,657,116. This is 
her budget for 1909. The appro- 
priations for the same purpose for 
1908 was $51,193,634, so you see 
she is trying to economize a little. 

Japanese Building. — The Japa- 
nese building was presented to 
Chicago at the end of the World's 
Fair, and still remains at the north 
end of the Wooded Island in Jack- 
son Park. A tiny garden is near 
the building in Japanese style. 



141 JEW— KID 

Jewelry. — Chicago long has been 
the great central market for the 
manufacture and sale of jewelry, 
watches and other articles in which 
gold and the baser metals are em- 
ployed. The local manufacturers 
in this line did an enormous busi- 
ness last year despite the financial 
depression, the wholesalers dispos- 
ing of jewelry, watches and dia- 
monds to the amount of $54,000,- 
000. 

Kenilworth, Village of. — Kenil- 
worth is fifteen miles from Chi- 
cago and has a population of 337. 
It has many beautiful homes situ- 
ated in spacious grounds of great 
beauty. The village lies on the 
bluff and overlooks Lake Michi- 
gan. The Kenilworth Golf Club 
has a handsome club house and 
golf course. 

Kidnapping. — There are thou- 
sands of hearts that go out in sym- 
pathy to parents when a child is 
stolen. It is an intensly human 
situation. It may happen in any 
home. The grief of father and 
mother is not measured by the 
means to pay ransom. The keen 
anguish which attends any such 
distressful occurrence is a thing that 
makes the whole world kin. The 
rich and poor alike have reason to 
hate the kidnapper as the worst 
type of villian. The law counts 
kidnapping an infamous crime in 
Illinois. The tendency of the times 
is against the death penalty even 
when murder is committed. But 
death would be none too great a 
penalty for the wretch who steals 
a child with the thought of forc- 
ing the payment of ransom. It is 
getting to be altogether too com- 
mon a crime in this country. 
Labor Unions of Chicago. 

The following unions are affiliated 
with the Federation of Labor: 

Amalgamated Association Street 
Railway Employes No. 241, 65, 70 La 
Salle St. 

Amalgamated Street Railway Em- 
ployes No. 260, 3856 State St. 

Amalgamated Association Street 
Railway Employes No. 273, 10109 
Elizabeth St. 

Amalgamated Association Street 
Railway Employes No. 308, 324 Dear- 
born St. 



LAB— LAB 



142 



LAB— LAB 



Amalgamated Association Street 
Railway Employes No. 264, 8018 Ex- 
change Av. 

Amalgamated Street Railway Em- 
ployes No. 267, 199 West 23d St. 

Asphalt Pavers and Helpers No. 
10513, 403 North Clark St. 

Associated Vaudeville Artists, 164 
East Randolph St., room 24. 

Bakers and Confectioners No. 2, 105 
Wells St. 

Bakers and Confectioners No. 62, 
507 North Paulina St. 

Bakers' Union No. 237, 183 Johnson 
St. 

Barbers (Journeymen) No. 548, 275 
La Salle St., room 416. 

Bartenders No. 456, 671 South Hal- 
sted St. 

Beer Bottlers No. 248, 122 West 
Lake St. 

Boot and Shoe Workers No. 93, 
Bush Temple of Music, room 310. 

Boot and Shoe Workers No. 94, 
Bush Temple of Music, room 310. 

Boot and Shoe Workers No. 133, 
Bush Temple of Music, room 310. 

Boot and Shoe Workers No. 213, 
Bush Temple of Music, room 310. 

Bookbinders No. 8, 275 La Salle St., 
room 520. 

Bottlers' Protective Union No. 8434, 
281 West Madison St. 

Blacksmiths and Helpers No. 14, 
1142 Grenshaw St. 

Blacksmiths and Helpers No. 80, 
2339 Fulton St. 

Blacksmiths and Helpers No. 122, 
4953 5th Av. 

Blacksmiths and Helpers No. 325, 
990 West 13th St. 

Blacksmiths and Helpers No. 326, 
996 East 75th St. 

Brewers and Maltsters No. 18, 122 
West Lake St. 

Brewers and Maltsters' Union No. 
121, 122 West Lake St. 

Brewers' Laborers No. 337, 436 
George St. 

Brickmakers No. 2, Lansing, 111. 

Brickmakers No. 3, 456 Western 
Av., Blue Island. 

Brickmakers No. 6, 240 Roscoe St. 

Brickmakers No. 14, Shermerville, 
Illinois. 

Brickmakers No. 49, Niles Center, 
Illinois. 

Broom and Whisk Makers No. 29, 
34 Oregon Av. 

Brushmakers No. 1, 2606 Frink St. 

Billposters and Billers, 458 West 
Randolph St. 

Butcher Workmen (Casing Work- 
ers) No. 158, 3071 Broad St. 

Butcher Workmen (Cattle) No. 87, 
4139 Wallace St. 

Calumet Joint Labor Council, 10815 
Michigan Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 1, room 
507, 56 5th Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 10, 
6324 Rhodes Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 13, 228 
Marshfield Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 14, 22 
Emma St. 



Carpenters and Joiners No. 21, 1384 
Ogden Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 58, 2107 
North Hermitage Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 62, 7337 
Green St. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 70, 2161 
38th PI. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 141, 
7520 Adams Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 181, 
1141 North 43d Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 271, 
9056 Dauphin Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 242, 
5421 Shields Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 272, 65 
West 15th St., Chicago Heights. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 416, 750 
North Lawndale Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 419, 466 
Hastings St. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 521, 
1263 West Polk St. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 1307, 
513 Lunt Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 1367, 
1612 West 23d St. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 1784, 
1126 West 12th St. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 1786, 
302 West 18th St. 

Carpenters and Joiners No. 1922, 
6352 Parnell Av. 

Carpenters and Joiners (Amalga- 
mated), 30 Abbott Ct. 

Car Workers No. 11, 5227 Emerald 
Av. 

Carriage and Wagon Workers No. 4, 
5942 Calumet Av. 

Caulkers Union No. 1, 7148 Green- 
wood Av. 

Cement Finishers No. 2, 3660 South 
Paulina St. 

Cement and Construction No. 4, 248 
South Green St. 

Cement Workers No. 29, 138 19th 
Av., Melrose Park. 

Cement Workers No. 30, 138 De- 
Koven St. 

Chicago Trades Union Label 
League, 5634 Lafiin St. 

Cigarmakers No. 14, 198 East Mad- 
ison St. 

Cigar Packers No. 227, 1458 North 
Halsted St. 

City Firemen's Association, Room 
414, 140 Dearborn St. 

Clerks (Retail), 219 Sebor St. 

Clerks (Retail) No. 1166, 390 West 
18th St. 

Cloth Hat and Cap Makers, 357 
Maxwell St. 

Conduit Trench Laborers No. 12285, 
365 West Harrison St. 

Coopers' Union No. 1, 5634 Lafiin 
St. 

Coopers' Union No. 15, 139 Park Av. 

Coopers' Union No. 94, 223 Blue 
Island Av. 

Coopers' Union (Tank) No. 193, 501 
North Ridgeway Av. 

Drain Layers and Helpers No. 12534, 
2630 Lowe Av. 

Egg Inspectors, 146 South Water St. 



LAB— LAB 



143 



LAB— LAB 



Electrical Workers No. 9, 875 North 
California Av. 

Electrical Workers No. 49, 764 Lin- 
coln Av. 

Electrical Workers No. 134, 275 La 
Salle St. 

Electrical Workers No. 282, 5321 
South Wood St. 

Electrical Workers No. 376, 212 
South Halsted St. 

Elevator Conductors and Starters, 
5928 Lafayette Av. 

Federal Labor Union of Burnside 
No. 10829, 9438 Cottage Grove Av. 

Firemen, Stationary, 198 East Mad- 
ison St. 

Flat Janitors, 261 East 63d PL 

Freight Handlers No. 1, 212 South 
Halsted St. 

Freight Handlers No. 2, 212 South 
Halsted St. 

Freight Handlers No. 3, 27 Cherry 
PI. 

Freight Handlers No. 4, 212 South 
Halsted St. 

Freight Handlers No. 8, 1195 North 
4 2d Av. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 9, 1614 Carroll Av. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 73, South Jefferson St. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 74, 434 La Salle Av. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 75, 1807 North Av. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 85, 592 East 43d St. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 86, 1411 Avondale Av. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 101, 2887 Monroe St. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 125, 545 South 42d Av. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 100, 537 South Leavitt St. 

Freight Handlers and Railway 
Clerks No. 123, 1642 North Robey St. 

Gardeners and Florists No. 10615, 
333 West Harrison St. 

Garment Workers (Custom C.) No. 
21, 134 East Van Buren St., room 202. 

Garment Workers (Clothing C.) No. 
61, 275 La Salle St. 

Garment Workers (Shirt and Over- 
alls) No. 96, 706 West Polk St. 

Garment Workers No. 150, 275 La 
Salle St. 

Garment Workers (Examiners and 
Basters) No. 194, 134 East Van Buren 
St., room 202. 

Garment Workers (S. O. C. M.) No. 
232, 538 Carroll Av. 

Garment Workers (S. O. C. M.) No. 

235, 275 La Salle St., room 418. 
Garment Workers (S. O. C. M.) No. 

236, 1552 Alden Av. 

Gas and Electric Fixture Hangers 
No. 381, 4436 Langley Av. 

Gasfitters No. 250, 1492 Congress 
St. 

Glove Workers No. 4, 625 North 
Leavitt St. 

Glove Workers No. 18, 1421 East 
Wolfram St. 

Grocery Employes (Wholesale), 
3019 South Park Av. 



Hod Carriers No. 4, 736 West 47th 



St. 

Horseshoers No. 4, 53 South 48th 
Ct. 

Horse Nail Makers No. 7180, 662 
West 20th St. 

Hair Spinners No. 10399, 3053 Lock 
St. 

Hat Finishers' Association No. 9, 
1527 North Troy St. 

Hoisting Portable Engineers, 1583 
North Francisco Av. 

Iron Molders No. 233,- 136 Soutn 
Halsted St. 

Iron Molders (Bench) No. 239, 136 
South Halsted St. 

Iron Workers (Bridge and Struc- 
tural) No. 1, 144 West Madison St. 

Janitors (Flat) No. 12361, 1588 
Jackson Blvd. 

Laundry Workers No. 192, 3417 
Vernon Av. 

Litho Apprentices and Press Feed- 
ers No. 2, 377 Cleveland Av. 

Lithographers' Union No. 4, 39 
Jackson PI. 

Machine Printers and Color Mixers, 
296 East Ohio St. 

Machinists (Progressive) No. 126, 
flat 7, 182 North Mozart St. 

Machinists (Unity) No. 134, 1138 
Nelson St. 

Machinists (Bellamy) No. 208, 1540 
West 34th PI. 

Machinists (Liberty) No. 229, 571 
West Erie St. 

Machinists (Reliable) No. 253, 601 
South Springfield Av. 

Machinists (Freiheit) No. 337, 1307 
Cornelia Av. 

Machinists (La Salle) No. 338, 64 
Humboldt Blvd. 

Mailers' Union No. 2, 77 South 
Morgan St. 

Marble Workers No. 67, 2651 39th 
St. 

Marine Cooks' Union, 242 South 
Water St., room 4. 

Marine Firemen, Oilers and Water- 
tenders' Association, 63 East Kinzie 
St. 

Metal Polishers No. 6, 122 West 
Lake St. 

Musicians No. 10, 134 East Van 
Buren St., room 1. 

Municipal Water-Pipe Layers, 250 
Homer St. 

Piano Workers No. 1, 256 Vine St. 

Park Attendants and Janitors, 5301 
Marshfield Av. 

Painters and Decorators No. 396, 
6548 Evans Av. 

Paperhangers No. 584, 881 Monroe 
St. 

Patternmakers, 144 West Madison 
St. 

Photoengravers, rooms 510-511, 275 
La Salle St. 

Photographic Employes No. 12028, 
657 Racine Av. 

Plumbers' Association, 171 Wash- 
ington St. 

Postofnce Clerks No. 8703, 6421 
Champlain Av. 

Web Pressmen No. 7, 1184 Gren- 
shaw St. 



LAB— LAB 



144 



LAB— LAK 



Pressmen No. 3, 263 La Salle St., 
room 332. 

Printers' Roller Makers No. 10638, 
12-21 4 2d Ct. 

Seamen's Union, 143 West Madison 
St. 

Sheet Metal Workers No. 73, 202 
East Washington St. 

Sheet Metal Workers No. 115, 1833 
North Central Park Av. 

Shipwrights, Joiners and Caulkers, 
36 Winthrop Ct. 

Sprinkler Fitters No. 281, 979 West 
Van Buren St. 

South Chicago Trades and Labor 
Assembly, 10436 Avenue J. 

Spring Workers (United), 282 South 
Claremont Av. 

Sewer Cleaners and Repairers, 153 
South Desplaines St. 

Steam Engineers No. 3, 133 South 
Clark St., room 14. 

Steam Engineers No. 143, 868 South 
Spaulding Av. 

Steam Fitters' Protective Associa- 
tion No. 2, 275 La Salle St., room 202. 

Steam Pipe and Boiler Coverers, 
postoffice box 641. 

Steam Shovel and Dredgemen, 134 
Monroe St. 

Stove Mounters, 845 West Chicago 
Av. 

Stone Pavers No. 11349, 339 Center 
Av. 

Suspenders Workers, 1717 Sher- 
man PI. 

Stable Employes No. 10041, 10 
South Clark St. 

Subpaving Inspectors, 193 North 
Ridgeway Av. 

Stereotypers No. 4, 665 Osgood St. 

Switchmen's Union No. 36, Hollen- 
den Hotel, 61st St. and Wentworth 
Av. 

Switchmen's Union No. 58, 928 
West 13th St. 

Switchmen's Union No. 79, 5229 
Union Av. 

Switchmen's Union No. 117, 20 
Oakley Av. 

Switchmen's Union No. 199, 657 
South Morgan St. 

Tailors No. 5, 10 South Clark St. 

Teachers Federation, 79 Dearborn 
St., Unity Bldg. 

Teamsters (Cab Drivers) No. 174, 
145 East Randolph St. 

Teamsters (Truck Drivers) No. 705, 
39 Market St. 

Teamsters (Express and Delivery) 
No. 707, 12 South Clark St. 

Teamsters (Packing House), 4934 
Princeton Av. 

Teamsters (Laundry Drivers) No. 
712, 659 West Lake St. 

Teamsters (Brick and Sand) No. 
716, 4641 Robey St. 

Teamsters (Soda and Mineral) No. 
723, 642 Flournoy St. 

Teamsters (Parcel Delivery D.) No. 
725, 171 East Washington St., room 
503. 

Teamsters (Sanitary) No. 726, 10 
South Clark St. 

Teamsters (Park B. and D.) No. 
733, 3147 Wentworth Av. 



Teamsters (Bakery) No. 734, 118 
5th Av., room 2. 

Teamsters (Bottle Beer) No. 744, 
171 East Washington St. 

Teamsters (Keg Beer) No. 748, 171 
East Washington St. 

Teamsters (Milk Delivery) No. 753, 
116 and 118 5th Av. 

Telegraphers (Commercial), 324 
Dearborn St., room 930. 

Telegraphers (Railroad Division) 
No. 91, 263 La Salle St., room 550. 

Theatrical Employes, 353 South 
State St. 

Tugmen's Protective Association 
(Licensed) No. 2, 242 South Water 
St., room 1. 

Tug Firemen-Linemen's Protective 
Association No. 1, 242 South Water 
St., room 4. 

Typographical No. 9, 446 Webster 
Av. 

Typographical No. 16, 275 La Salle 
St. 

Tuck Pointers and Front Cleaners, 
3023 South 42d Av. 

Upholsterers No. Ill, 45 Maud Av. 

Upholsterers No. 24, 145 East Ran- 
dolph St. 

Watchcase Engravers, 671 Sedg- 
wick St. 

Watchcase Makers, 1512 Ogden Av. 

Water-Pipe Extension Laborers No. 
12093, 5043 South Hermitage Av. 

Waiters No. 336, Hyman Bldg., 
northwest corner South Water and 
Clark Sts., room 23. 

Waitresses' Union No. 484, 167 
Dearborn St., room 413. 

Wax and Plaster Modelmakers No. 
11438, 962 North 41st Ct. 

Well Drillers and Levermen's Union, 
6603 South May St. 

Women's Union Label League, 565 
Dickens Av. 

Women's Trade Union League, 275 
La Salle St., room 503. 

Woodworkers No. 1, 1615 Welling- 
ton St. 

Woodworkers No. 7, 730 North 
Campbell Av. 

Wood, Wire and Metal Lathers No. 
74, 304 Austin Av. 

Lake Bluff.— Lake Bluff is thirty 
miles from Chicago and has a pop- 
ulation of 490. A large Naval 
Training Station is being situated 
here and about $3,000,000 is being 
expended in the construction work. 
The buildings are of brick with 
terra cotta trimming, and all im- 
portant buildings are of fireproof 
construction, concrete floors and 
steel beams. The buildings will 
be ready to receive recruits by 
July, 1909, and the station will be 
completed about 1910. 

Lake Forest. — Lake Forest is 
twenty-eight miles from Chicago 
and has a population of 2,215. This 



LAK— LAR 



145 



LAU— LAW 



is one of Chicago's oldest suburbs 
and its residents have for many- 
years been popular in the social 
affairs of Chicago. Lake Forest is 
located on a bluff one hundred feet 
above Lake Michigan. It is the 
seat of Lake Forest University, 
and of Ferry Hall Seminary. The 
School of the Sacred Heart, one 
of the largest girls' colleges, is 
also located here. 

Lake and River Frontage. — Chi- 
cago has a frontage on Lake Mich- 
igan of twenty-two miles and a 
river frontage of about fifty-eight 
miles (both sides), twenty-two and 
one-half miles of which are navi- 
gable. There are three lakes with- 
in the city limits, covering an area 
of about 4,095.6 acres, as follows: 
Calumet Lake, 3,122 acres; Hyde 
Lake, 330.8 acres, and that portion 
of Wolf Lake lying within the city 
limits, 624.8 acres. Calumet and 
Wolf lakes are navigable. The 
other lakes have a depth of water 
varying from four to eight feet. 
Big and Little Calumet Rivers pen- 
etrate the extreme southern part 
of the city. 

Large Building Permits of the 
Year. — The principal building per- 
mits issued in Chicago last year 
are as follows: 
People's Gas Light and Coke 

company building $2,500,000 

Blackstone Hotel 1,500,000 

Building 246 Michigan Av. . 500,000 
Commonwealth Edison Com- 
pany power plant 750,000 

Morris & Co., warehouse... 700,000 
Chicago Dock and Canal 

Company, warehouse 425,000 

Chicago Railways Company, 

car barn 450,000 

Marius & Co., storage 400,000 

Spaulding-Merrick Company, 

factory 330,000 

Additional stories to Repub- 
lic Building 350,000 

Hirsch, Wickshire & Co., 

building 286,000 

Chicago City Railway, car 

barn 250,000 

Chicago City Railway, car 

barn 235,000 

Arthur Dixon Company 250,000 

M. Born & Co., factory 214,000 

Scully Steel and Iron Com- 
pany 300,000 

Johnson Chair Company, 

factory 200,000 

Washington Porter, Fifth 

Av. store building 175,000 



E. S. Hunter, store building, 

Madison St $ 160,000 

Seventh Regiment Armory. 155,000 

Laundries. — Chicago has some 
300 establishments giving employ- 
ment to many thousands of people. 
Many of the larger laundry firms 
do a tremendous business each 
year. All of them do a house-to- 
house business, and every barber 
shop in the city with few excep- 
tions represent one or another of 
the great laundering firms. These 
laundries are splendidly equipped 
for their purposes and the class of 
work done. 

LAW COURTS. 

COUNTY COURTS. 

Superior Court (Common Law), 
County Building. 

Circuit Court (Common Law), 
County Building. 

County Court, County Building. 

Criminal Court, Criminal Court 
Building, Michigan street and 
Dearborn avenue. 

Probate Court, County Building. 

Juvenile Court, 200 Ewing street. 

STATE COURT. 

Appellate Court (First District 
of Illinois), Ashland Block. 

FEDERAL COURT. 

(Departments of Justice.) 
Circuit Court of Appeals for the 
Seventh Circuit, Indiana, Illinois 
and Wisconsin. Federal Building. 

DISTRICT COURTS. 

Northern District Illinois, Fed- 
eral Building. 

Southern District Illinois, Fed- 
eral Building. 

CITY COURT. 

Municipal Court, 148 Michigan 
avenue. 

CIVIL BRANCHES. 

First District, 148 Michigan ave- 
nue. 

Second District, 8855 Exchange 
avenue. 

CRIMINAL BRANCHES. 

First District — Harrison, Des 
Plaines, Maxwell, Hyde Park, Lo- 
gan Square, Thirty-fifth street, 
Sheffield avenue, Englewood, West 
Chicago avenue and Chicago ave- 




(146) 



LAW— LEA 



147 



LEI— LEX 



nue police stations and Criminal 
Court Building. 

Second District — South Chicago 
Police Station. 

Law and Order Leagues. — Anti- 
Saloon League of Illinois, 1534. 164 
Dearborn street. 

Chicago Law and Order League, 
1005, 153 La Salle street. 

Citizens' League of Chicago for 
the Suppression of the Sale of 
Liquor to Minors, 801, 59 Clark 
street. 

Englewood Law and Order 
League, 153 La Salle street. 

Hyde Park Protective Associa- 
tion, 1005, 153 La Salle street. 

Learned Societies. — Chicago 
Academy of Sciences, Lincoln 
Park. 

Chicago Architectural Club, 84 
Adams street. 

Chicago Astronomical Associa- 
tion. 48 Bellevue place. 

Chicago Bar Association, Library 
rooms, 134 Monroe street. 

Chicago Chapter of the Biblio- 
graphical Society of America, Chi- 
cago Public Library. 

Chicago Historical Society, Dear- 
born avenue and Ontario street. 

Chicago Library Club, Univers- 
ity of Chicago, Field Museum. 

Chicago Philatelic Society, 3820 
Langley avenue. 

Fortnightly Club of Chicago. 

Geographic Society of Chicago. 

Illinois Chapter of the American 
Institute of Architects, 1112, 138 
Washington street. 

Western Society of Engineers, 
1737 Monadnock block. 

Leather Goods, Saddlery, Etc. — 
The manufacture of leather goods, 
saddlery and harness has risen to 
vast proportions in Chicago within 
the last twenty-five years. The 
value of goods of this description 
manufactured in Chicago annually 
reaches nearly $20,000,000. This is, 
of course, exclusive of the value of 
the boots and shoe product which 
in Chicago last year reached the 
enormous total of $135,624,000. 
The value of saddles, harness and 
trunks made here last year was 
$7,550,000, while that of leather 



goods of other descriptions han- 
dled by the retail trade in all parts 
of the country amounted to $11,- 
500,000. Every article known to 
the art is made by these concerns. 
The leather used in their manu- 
facture is supplied by the vast 
number of Chicago tanneries, of 
which the output last year reached 
$15,000,000 in value. 

Leiter Building. — This immense 
building which is located on State 
street, between Van Buren and 
Congress streets, is certainly an 
imposing edifice. It was completed 
in the spring of 1892. The struc- 
ture occupies just half a block, the 
frontage being 402 feet on State 
street and 144 feet each on Van 
Buren and Congress streets. Its 
height is eight stories. Its cost 
was $1,500,000. 

Lewis Institute Library. — West 
Madison and Robey street. The 
Lewis Institute Library consists of 
about 16,000 volumes and 2,500 
pamphlets. The public is invited 
to use the library for reference, 
but books are loaned only to in- 
structors and students of the in- 
stitute. Throughout the school 
year the library is open from 8 
a. m. to 5:30 p. m. daily except on 
Saturday, when it closes at 3 p. m. ; 
during the session of the night 
school the library is also open 
from 6 a. m. to 9:30 p. m. 

Lexington Hotel. — This magnifi- 
cent ten-story hotel is located in 
a fashionable section of the city — 
northeast corner of Michigan boul- 
evard and Twenty-second street. 
Viewed from an architectual stand- 
point, the Lexington easily out- 
rivals many of the more preten- 
tious houses in the down town dis- 
trict. The register of this splen- 
did hostelry presents many auto- 
graphs of the notables of this, as 
well as other lands. The Lexing- 
ton is the acme of excellence in all 
departments and the aim and ob- 
ject of the management is at all 
times to cater not alone to the 
necessities of its guests, but to 
their pleasure and comfort as well. 



LEX— LIB 



148 



LIC— LIC 



A brief sojourn at this grand hotel 
is calculated to contribute to the 
social side of life, and leave im- 
pressions that business places, 
where the traveling public eat and 
sleep, will never eradicate. Con- 
ducted on the European plan. 
Owned and operated by the Inter- 
State Hotel Company. Mr. E. K. 
Criley, president. Mr. T. M. Criley, 
vice-president and manager. 

Libraries. 

Academy of Science Library, Lin- 
coln Park. 

Altunea Art Library, 1223 Masonic 
Temple. 

Armour Institute, 33d St. and Ar- 
mour Av. 

Ashland Block Law Library, 819, 
59 Clark St. 

Chicago Christian Science Reading 
Room, 308, 6 Madison St. 

Chicago Historical Society Library, 
142 Dearborn St. 

Chicago Law Institute, Fort Dear- 
born Bldg. 

Chicago Public Library, Washing- 
ton, Randolph and Michigan Av. 

Chicago Theosophical Society, 26 
Van Buren St. 

Church Club Library, 510 Masonic 
Temple. 

Columbus Medical Library, 1405, 
103 State St. 

Evanston Public Library, City Hall, 
Evanston, 111. 

Fields' Columbian Museum Library, 
Jackson Park. 

Free Reading Room of the Chicago 
Hebrew Mission, 497 South Halsted 
St. 

Garrett Biblical Institute Libary, 
Evanston, 111. 

Gary Library of International Law, 
87 Lake St. 

Hammond Library, 43 Warren Av. 

John Crerar Library, 67 Wabash 
AV. 

Lewis Institute Library, West 
Madison and Robey Sts. 

Newberry Library, Walton PI., be- 
tween North Clark and Dearborn. 

Pullman Public Library, 77 Arcade 
Bldg., Pullman. 

Ryerson Library, Art Institute. 

Skeels Lynn O. Library, 807, 203 
Michigan A v. 

South Chicago Public Library, 93d 
and Huston Av. 

St. Ignatius Library, 413 West 12th 
St. 

Temperance Reading Room, 5605 
South Halsted St. 

Theosophical Society Library, 24, 
26 Van Buren St. 

Union Catholic Library Assn., Gar- 
field Blvd. and Wentworth Av. 

University of Chicago Library, 58th 
and Ellis Av. 

Virginia Library, 326 Belden Av. 

Western New Church Union Book 
Room, 501 Masonic Temple. 



Western Society of Engineers, 1737 
Monadnock Bldg. 

Western Theological Seminary Li- 
brary, 113 Washington Blvd. 

Woman's Exchange of Woodlawn, 
413 East 63d St. 

Young Men's Christian Association 
Reading Room, 153 La Salle St., 542 
West Monroe St., 428 Garfield Blvd., 
5701 Rosalie Ct., 169 Plymouth Ct., 
60 North 41st Av., West 51st cor. St. 
Louis Avs., 11022 Michigan Av., 2431 
Dearborn St., 3312 Dearborn St., 81 
Ashland Blvd., Dearborn cor. Lake, 
West Congress cor. Honore, 57th cor. 
Ellis Av., 284 53d St., North Canal 
cor. West Kinzie, Ravenswood. 

Y. M. C. A. Assn. (Scandinavian) 
Rooms, 200 Grand Av. 

LICENSE BATES. 
Per Year Unless Otherwise Specified. 

Amusements- 
Circus and menageries (seat- 
ing 1,500 or more), per day. $300.00 
Circus (seating less than 

1,500), per week 50.00 

Circus (in licensed building), 

per day 100.00 

Menageries (seating 1,500 or 

more), per day 200.00 

Menageries (seating less than 

1,500), per week 50.00 

Menageries (in licensed build- 
ings), per day 100.00 

Theaters, first class 500.00 

Theaters, second class 300.00 

Theaters, third class 200.00 

Lectures, art exhibitions, etc. 200.00 

Concerts 100.00 

Entertainments, general .... 500.00 
Hall for dance, bazaar, etc., 

$25 to 100.00 

Side shows, concerts, etc. 

(under canvass), per day.. 10.00 
Penny arcades, mutoscope 

parlors, etc 200.00 

Exhibitions of moving pic- 
tures (except in arcade), 

per day 10.00 

Baseball parks, athletic fields, 

(seating 3,000 or more)... 300.00 
Baseball parks, athletic fields, 
etc. (seating less than 

3,000) 100.00 

Baseball games, etc. (not in 
licensed park), per day, $10 

to 50.00 

Itinerant shows, per month. 10.00 
Horse and stock shows, etc., 

per day 10.00 

Merry-go-rounds, per day... 2.00 

Roller coasters, per day.... 50.00 
Amusement parks, per week. 50.00 
Musical entertainments in 
"summer gardens," per 

week 20.00 

Fireworks exhibition, per day 50.00 
Acetylene gas, storage of. . . . 300.00 

Auctioneers 300.00 

Auctioneers, special sales, per 

day 10.00 

Automobiles, public passen- 
ger (on stands), $2.50 to. . . 5.00 
Automobiles, seating two per- 
sons ("wheel tax") 12.00 



LIC— LIC 

Automobile trucks, buses and 
coaches ("wheel tax") 

Automobiles, seating more 
than two persons ("wheel 
tax") 

Automobiles, State fee 

Bakeries 

Bathing beaches, etc 

Billiard and pool .tables, each 

Bill posting, with wagons... 

Bill posting, without wagons 

Boarding stables 

Boats, $2, $10 and 

Bowling alleys, each 

Brewers and distillers 

Brokers 

Butchers 

Cabs, public 

Cars, elevated railway, each . 

Cartridges and shells, $10 and 

Chauffeurs 

Cigarette dealers 

Coupes, public 

Deadly weapons, to purchase, 
own or borrow 

Deadly weapons to sell, loan 
or give away 

Detective agencies 

Dispensaries 

Dogs „ 

Drivers of public passenger 
vehicles 

Drug stores 

Fishmongers 

Garages 

Gunpowder and explosives, 
sale of 

Hacks, public 

Hospitals 

Hotels 

Ice dealers, retail 

Junk dealers 

Junk wagons, each 

Liquors, malt, wholesale 

Liquors, malt and vinous, in 
amusement halls (by spe- 
cial permit), per day 

Livery stables 

Lumber dealers 

Marriages, county 

Milk dealers 

Milk peddlers, per wagon... 

Moving picture operators. . . 

Nurseries 

Omnibuses, public 

Pawnbrokers 

Peddlers — Basket 

Pack 

Push cart 

Wagon, each 

Oil, per wagon 

Wood, per wagon 

Poulterers 

Rendering establishments... 

Rendering tanks, each 

Restaurants 

Roofing 

Runners 

Saloons 

Scavengers, offal 

Scavengers, night 

Scavengers, private, per 
wagon 

Second-hand dealers 

Shooting galleries 

Soap factories 



149 



LIF— LIF 



$ 30.00 



20.00 

2.00 

5.00 
15.00 

5.00 

100.00 

25.00 

10.00 

25.00 

5.00 

500.00 

25.00 

15.00 

1.00 
50.00 
25.00 

1.00 
100.00 

1.00 

No fee 

25.00 

100.00 

20.00 

2.00 

1.00 

5.00 

15.00 

25.00 

25.00 
2.50 
100.00 
15.00 
10.00 
50.00 
10.00 
50.00 



6.00 
10.00 

100.00 
1.50 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 
2.50 

300.00 
10.00 
15.00 
25.00 
50.00 
50.00 
10.00 
15.00 

300.00 
20.00 
15.00 
10.00 
12.00 
1,000.00 

100.00 
50.00 

5.00 

50.00 

25.00 

150.00 



Stables, sale $ 25.00 



Tanneries 

Undertakers 

Vehicles ("wheel tax")- 

One-horse 

Two-horse 

Three-horse 

Four-horse 

Six-horse, or more 

Weighers, public 

Workshops 



50.00 
10.00 

5.00 

10.00 
15.00 
25.00 
35.00 
10.00 
2.00 



Life and Fire Insurance. — Re- 
ceiving more than $100,000,000 in 
premiums from its tributary terri- 
tory, annually, Chicago is a large 
fire, life, casualty and marine insur- 
ance center. With its vast number of 
insurance offices and with more than 
60,000 agents reporting to their 
headquarters in this city, Chicago 
owes much of its financial power 
to these great concerns. 

Every fire insurance company in 
the world is represented in Chi- 
cago. The business in the West, 
as far as the Rocky Mountains, and 
from the Canadian border to the 
Gulf of Mexico, is handled from 
this city. This means that the pre- 
mium on every policy written by 
agents within this territory is re- 
mitted to Chicago. Recently, how- 
ever, the business done on the Pa- 
cific coast and in Canada has be- 
gun to drift to this center, so that 
within a few years the premiums 
from this adjacent territory will 
serve to swell the Chicago receipts 
to enormous proportions. 

All the great life insurance com- 
panies in the world are represented 
in Chicago and the local offices do 
a combined business of enormous 
proportions each year. The in- 
surance written in 1908 was largely 
in excess of the figures of the pre- 
ceding year, and as the premiums 
collected in western territory 
passed almost wholly through the 
Chicago offices, they assisted in 
swelling the financial showing of 
Chicago last year materially. 

The assets of the legal reserve 
companies, all of which have local 
representation, are estimated at $3,- 
500,000,000. With a reserve of $3,- 
000,000,000 and surplus of $300,- 
000,000. Payments to policyhold- 
ers last year approximated $350,- 
000,000, of which $230,000,000 was 




Lincoln Monument, Lincoln Park, Chicago. 



(150) 



LIN— LIN 



151 



LIN— LIN 



for death claims and endowments, 
$70,000,000 for surrender values, 
and $50,000,000 for dividends to 
policy holders. 

Several of the largest casualty 
and miscellaneous insurance com- 
panies in the world are located in 
Chicago. Casualty insurance is 
comparatively a new departure in 
the insurance field, but it already 
is a thriving youngster. 

Of the 124 casualty companies 
operating in this country, fully 
one-half were organized within the 
past seven years. These com- 
panies, nearly all of which are rep- 
resented in Chicago, have a com- 
bined capital of more than $50,- 
000,000 and assets aggregating 
$175,000,000. The total income of 
the casualty companies in this 
country last year aggregated nearly 
$100,000,000. 

The Chicago casualty companies 
will write court, contract and au- 
tomobile bonds; plate glass insur- 
ance, burglary insurance, insur- 
ance against disability by fly wheel 
explosions, and your health may be 
insured for a term of years. _ By 
the payment of a small premium, 
landlords will be insured against 
liability imposed upon them by 
law. The list includes also insur- 
ance on team, sprinkler leakage, 
workmen's wages, registered mail, 
public liability, dentists' and phy- 
sicians' liability. Automobiles and 
bicvcles may be insured against 
theft for a nominal sum. 

Lincoln Monument. — The heroic 
statuary in bronze of Abraham Lin- 
coln, by the late Augustus Saint 
Gaudens, is located near the south 
end of Lincoln Park. 

It is mounted on a granite ped- 
estal placed in a circle of the same 
material. This work is a master- 
piece and is so regarded by the art 
world. The visitor to Chicago 
should see this, the best represen- 
tation and likeness of the great 
war president. 

Lincoln Park. — The Lincoln Park 
system is located withm the Lin- 
coln Park district, which was es- 
tablished by Act of Legislature 



February 8, 1869. This district is 
bounded by the river on the south 
and west and Devon avenue and 
the lake on the north and east. The 
district comprises 122,008 acres and 
has a population of 440,262. The 
maintenance and improvement of 
the park system is taken care of 
by taxes assessed upon the dis- 
trict. The park system consists of 
328 acres of improved park land, 
together with ten miles of boule- 
vard. 

Lincoln Park is the third oldest 
park in Chicago, having been es- 
tablished in 1869. It covered at 
that time 155 acres. The govern- 
ment of the park system is vested 
in a commission appointed by the 
Governor and confirmed by the 
State Senate, which commission 
has exclusive control, subject only 
to the state, within the boundaries 
of the park system, with the ex- 
ception only that in cases where 
city streets have been surrendered 
to the Commissioners for park 
boulevards the city has usually re- 
served the right to alter, repair or 
extend its water and sewerage sys- 
tem. Bonds for improvements or 
extension purposes can be issued 
upon the two towns forming the 
Lincoln Park district by the con- 
sent of the voters. 

Lincoln Park is one of the most 
popular parks in the city on ac- 
count of its unusual length of lake 
shore and the many attractions 
which it contains. Its boulevard 
system covers the main arterial 
way along the Lake Shore from 
the Chicago River to Foster ave- 
nue, a large portion of which dis- 
tances is supplied with parking. 

Among the most notable statues 
in the park is St. Gauden's statue 
of Lincoln, which faces Dearborn 
avenue entrance. This was be- 
queathed to the park commission- 
ers by Mr. Eli Bates, and cost $50,- 
000. It is considered one of the 
best of St. Gauden's efforts, and 
deserves well earned praise. Among 
other statues are those of Shakes- 
peare, Franklin, Linne, Schiller, 
Grant, La Salle and Hans Ander- 
sen. Besides these are the Indian 



LIN— LIN 



152 



LIN— LIQ 



group in bronze and "The Signal 
of Peace." A notable work of St. 
Gaudens' in the form of a foun- 
tain is also in the flower parterre 
south of the conservatories. The 
conservatories consisting of build- 
ing 168 feet bv 70 feet, with ex- 
tensions for fernery and show 
houses has a continual exhibit of 
flowers throughout the year, the 
most notable being those of the 
chrysanthemums and orchids in 
the winter, which attract thousands 
daily. 

The zoological department has 
on exhibition 1,200 animals and 
birds, forming a comprehensive 
study of the two great orders. 

The park is undulating in sur- 
face, advantage being taken of the 
natural sand dunes which were 
once formed along the lake shore. 
The two inland lakes offer space 
for boating and skating. The en- 
closed lagoon along the lake shore 
facilitates the sport of shell racing 
and forms an anchorage for scores 
of motor boats. 

At present active work is be- 
ing carried on in the extension of 
the park system, three playgrounds 
in the densely populated part of 
the park district have been con- 
structed in which are located neigh- 
borhood centers buildings contain- 
ing baths, gymnasiums, assambly 
halls, club rooms, lunch rooms, to- 
gether with outside facilities for 
gymnasiums and recreation pur- 
poses. The installation of these 
grounds has been brought about 
only by acquiring costly land and 
the wrecking of buildings which 
previously stood upon the sites. 
These playgrounds are having an 
annual attendance of over a half 
million people each. 

Land is being chosen for other 
grounds along similar lines in other 
parts of the district. Beside this 
work of extension an addition to 
Lincoln Park proper is being made 
by filling in the submerged shal- 
lows along the lake shore out to a 
distance of 1,600 feet, thereby 
forming 185 acres of land in which 
will be constructed a yacht harbor 
50 acres in extent, a bathing beach 



2,500 feet long, protected by an 
island 1,600 feet off shore. Bath- 
ing facilities will be furnished in 
the way of a huge bath house. 

All the activities in the park are 
entirely free to the people, with 
the exception of the rental of the 
boats and toboggans and the cost 
of food in the restaurants. 

Lincoln Park is supplied with 
numerous halls, restaurants, cafes, 
etc., for the convenience of the 
public. The lawn spaces are 
thrown open to the use of the pub- 
lic at all times without restriction. 
All sports other than those of a 
dangerous nature are allowed en- 
tirely without fees. 

Linne Monument. — The monu- 
ment erected to the memory of 
Carl von Linne, the great natural- 
ist, by the Swedish societies of 
Chicago, was unveiled with appro- 
priate ceremonies, May 23, 1891. 
This monument stands at the foot 
of Fullerton avenue in Lincoln 
Park, and is an exact reproduction 
of the famous Linne monument in 
Stockholm, Sweden. The figure is 
of bronze, the work of Dyreman, 
the Swedish sculptor, and was 
modeled by Gustav Mayer, of 
Stockholm. It is sixteen feet high, 
resting on a granite pedestal thir- 
ty-eight feet high. The famous 
botanist is presented in the na- 
tional costume which he wore dur- 
ing his wanderings through the 
green fields and woods of his na- 
tive country. In his left hand he 
holds a book and the Linnaea bore- 
alis, the flower to which he gave 
his name. 

Liquor Trade. — The liquor trade 
of Chicago is one of the most im- 
portant features of its industrial 
life. The manufacture of spirituous 
liquors and the brewing of beer 
reach mammoth proportions each 
year, and the output is of a quan- 
tity sufficient to place Chicago in 
the front rank of cities catering to 
the wants of humanity in, this re- 
gard. 

The manufacture of beer last 
year reached $13,250,000 in value, 
while the output of the malthouses 



LIS— LIV 



153 



LOA— LOD 



amounted to $3,050,000. The dis- 
tilleries produced liquor of the 
value of $17,000,000. The entire 
output showed a small decrease 
from the figures of the preceding 
year, due to the effects of the finan- 
cial depression. 

In the competition for popular 
favor, beer has been selected by the 
public as its favorite beverage, 
both in summer and winter. And 
although the public may have been 
guided in making this selection by 
the knowledge that of all alcoholic 
beverages beer is the mildest, av- 
eraging only about 3 l / 2 per cent of 
alcohol, it may not be known that 
water, and sterilized water at that, 
while the rest of the ingredients 
consist of nutrious extracts con- 
tained in no other beverage; and 
further, it may be astonishing to 
learn that an ample supply of pure 
potable water is the first essential 
of all good beer. 

Lisle. — Lisle is 24.5 miles from 
Chicago, and has a population of 
100. St. Procopius College, a Ro- 
man Catholic institution, is lo- 
cated two miles from here. It has 
about 100 students. This is also a 
very interesting little place, where 
many Chicago people go with their 
families for a day's outing in the 
woods. 

Live Stock Market. — Since 1900, 
there has been marketed and sold 
in Chicago a yearly average of over 
16,000,000 animals, exceeding $300,- 
000,000 in value, or about one-half 
the total combined receipts of the 
six principal live stock markets of 
the United States, which means 
that a daily average of over 1,000 
carloads of live stock of an aver- 
age value exceeding $1,000 per car- 
load, or an average of more than 
$1,000,000 worth of animals, are 
disposed of every business day of 
the year on the Chicago live stock 
market. 

During 1907, Chicago received 
(including 513,000 hogs received 
direct by down-town packers) live 
stock valued at $326,540,639. In a 
single day. February 10, 1908, the 
Chicago Union Stock Yards re- 



ceived 150,357 animals, including a 
record run of 87,716 hogs, valued 
at over $3,000,000. All were han- 
dled promptly, and so. great is the 
demand for meats and live stock 
of all kinds at Chicago that prac- 
tically all were sold on day of ar- 
rival at only a slight reduction in 
prices, followed by advancing mar- 
kets and full ordinary receipts dur- 
ing the next two days. 

These figures represent the busi- 
ness of the Chicago live stock mar- 
ket alone. They do not represent 
the business of Packingtown. That 
is an entirely separate business, oc- 
cupying a different geographical 
location, having an entirely dis- 
tinct ownership, being conducted 
under separate management, and 
belonging to a different domain of 
business — viz., manufacturing — 
while the transactions in the Union 
Stock Yards proper belong to the 
domain of trade. 

The live stock is marketed at the 
Yards, a large share is slaughtered 
and manufactured in Packingtown, 
and the finished product, more 
especially hogs, in the form of 
meats and lard, is to a large extent 
sold on the Board of Trade. 

Loan Shark Evil.— An audit of 
the business conducted by six Chi- 
cago concerns that loan money on 
chattels and salaries was completed 
by a firm of certified accountants 
working under the direction of the 
Legal Aid Society. The results, 
which show profits ranging from 7 
to 35 per cent a year, will be used 
in the furtherance of legislation de- 
signed by the society to alleviate 
the "loan shark" evil. 

The examination into the actual 
profits and losses of the money 
lenders marked the culmination of 
a three years] search for the facts 
by the organization. 

The law which will be sought by 
the society provides that no more 
than 4 per cent a month shall be 
charged for chattel and salary 
loans 

Lodgings. — The constant ebb and 
flow of travel to and from Chicago 
creates a demand for a great many 




Logan Monument — Located on the Lake Front — Michigan Boule- 
vard and Eldridge Court. Chicago. 



(154) 



LOD— LOG 



155 



LOM— MAI 



furnished rooms. A large number 
of families in the respectable quar- 
ters of the city, whose incomes do 
not allow of the high rents, by 
renting out a furnished room or 
two, succeed in holding their posi- 
tion. This enables all concerned to 
combine reasonable price and styl- 
ish residence. For a few weeks' 
residence in the city, when one ex- 
pects to be constantly on the "go," 
for either business or pleasure, this 
style of living offers the most lib- 
erty, with a lower rate of expense 
than any other method. 

Lodging Houses. — But there are 
houses given up entirely to lodgers, 
here and there, in all the divisions 
of the city. The lowest class of 
lodging houses are in the business 
section of the South Side. Here 
the tired tramp, or "poor traveler," 
may sleep all -night for a nickel. 
He who. stranded, friendless, and 
forlorn, at night is the possessor of 
5 cents depreciated coin of the 
realm, can stumble down into a 
cellar, and by delivering up his 
wealth to the stony-hearted pro- 
prietor, will be allowed to climb 
into one of the bunks, ranged tier 
above tier, on either side of the 
yawning cavern. Here, with your 
unremoved clothing for mattress 
and coverlet, and your arm for a 
pillow, you can sleep the sleep of 
the honest poor. But it lays over 
"moving on" through the streets, 
from the falling of the night to the 
breaking of the day. There is at 
least protection from the weather, 
if luxurious comfort is not 
thrown in. 

Logan Monument. — In Grant 
Park, on the Lake Front, is the 
fine bronze equestrian statue of 
General John A. Logan, statesman 
and soldier. This heroic work, like 
the Lincoln Monument, is from the 
hand of Augustus Saint Gaudens. 

This park is near the business 
center of the city and the Logan 
Monument is located at the south 
end of the park and will repay an 
inspection by the stranger whether 
an art lover or not. 



Lombard. — Lombard is 20 miles 
from Chicago, and has a population 
of 500. There are many fine homes 
in well-kept lawns. Lombard is 
also a very popular little town. 

Longwood. — Longwood is 11.7 
miles from Chicago, and has a 
population of 149. It has many 
charming homes set out in beauti- 
ful lawns; the streets are well 
shaded with trees and flowers. 

Luna Park. — Located on Halsted 
and Fifty-second street. Halsted 
street surface car direct to park. 

Lunch Counters. — Perhaps no- 
where is the genuine Chicago spirit 
of hurry and rush more clearly re- 
vealed than at the many lunch 
counters of the city. There, at 
noontime, a crowd, which is char- 
acteristic as to numbers, rushes in, 
quiet and orderly, but fearfully in 
a hurry, and with more character- 
istic hurry dispatches lunches, the 
consumption of which averages 
less than ten minutes' duration. In 
no other city of the United States 
will institutions be found conduct- 
ed on just the same principle as 
these same lunch counters. A hol- 
low square of continuous counters; 
on the inside a hurrying, howling 
mob of white-robed waiters, and 
across the barrier an equally hur- 
rying crowd of hungry business 
men. 

The business done by some of 
the counters is enormous. One 
Clark street house feeds 5,000 peo- 
ple every day. Another handles 
2,500, and a third modestly at- 
tempts to lunch 1,700 hungry men, 
between sun and sun. 

Mail. — Get your mail in early. 
Over 8 per cent of the business 
mail sent out daily in Chicago is 
deposited at the postofnce or in 
street letter and package boxes at 
"closing time." The result is ob- 
vious. Postal employes are over- 
whelmed, mails are delayed, money 
is lost, and no end of trouble en- 
sues. 

In the loop district, for the ac- 
commodation of the public, are 512 
letter boxes and 80 package boxes 



MAK— MAN 



156 



MAN— MAN 



— the best facilities of the kind in 
the world. The former are col- 
lected twenty-seven times daily, 
the latter ten times. For less than 
two hours in the evening these 
boxes are not only filled but mail 
is piled on top of and all about 
them. Stamps and even mail is 
stolen, the mail is delayed, and 
much of it is damaged by the 
weather. These evils result from 
holding- mail until closing time. 

Get your mail in early — and 
often. The postoffice has men on 
duty to handle it: fast trains to 
carry it are available throughout 
the day; and railway postal clerks 
in the earlier trains, because of 
their lighter loads, can give it bet- 
ter service. 

Send your mail to the postoffice 
or get it into street boxes as fast 
as you can get it out. Begin at 
opening time. It pays. 

Make a Kick. — People may not 
like a kicker, but it often happens 
that the intelligent, persistent 
kicker is a public benefactor. 

The theater patron or church at- 
tendant who kicks about the lack 
of good, fresh air and demands 
better ventilation may be prompt- 
ed by purely selfish motives, but, 
all the same, if, as a result of his 
complaints, the theater manager or 
the church janitor provides better 
ventilation, many hundreds of other 
people are directly benefited. 

Patrons of theaters, churches and 
street cars should insist on pro- 
tection from the terrible effects c>f 
being compelled to breathe bad air; 
and persistent, forceful kicking is 
a pretty good way to get this pro- 
tection. 

Manufactures in Chicago. — In- 
dustries in which the value of the 
product was less than $100,000 not 
included. From report of the last 
census bureau. 

Value of 

Industry — Product 

Artificial feathers and 

flowers $ 217,362 

Artists' materials 404,341 

Automobiles 324,710 

Awnings, tents and sails. 2,659,135 
Babbitt metal and solder. 1,007,297 
Bags, other than paper.. 808,784 



Baking and yeast powders. $ 3,890,258 

Belting hose, leather 1,055,050 

Blacking 396,674 

Bluing 130,523 

Bookbinding blankbooks.. 2,502,776 

Boots and shoes 5,592,684 

Boxes, cigars 478,266 

Boxes, fancy and paper.. 2,825,271 

Boxes, wooden packing... 5,952,188 

Brass 414,402 

Brass castings and finish- 
ing 1,882,985 

Brassware 897,690 

Bread and bakery products 20,653,538 

Brick and tile 1,572,658 

Brooms and brushes .... 1,048,318 

Butter, reworking 1,501,069 

Canning and preserving. . 156,760 

Carpets, rag 212,302 

Carriages and wagon ma- 
terials 122,100 

Carriages and sleds, chil- 
dren's 322,150 

Carriages and wagons.... 3,953,921 

Cars and shop repairs.... 11,171,554 

Cars for street railroad.. 1,109,756 

Cars, steam railroad 23,798,900 

Cash registers, calculating 

machines 321,015 

Chemicals 1,724,275 

Cleansing preparations... 259,862 

Clothing, men's 53,230,436 

Clothing, women's 11,636,818 

Coffee and spices 15,563,301 

Coffins, undertaking goods 1,297,343 

Confectionery 6,550,183 

Cooperage 3,084,473 

Coppersmithing, sheet iron 

working 4,393,371 

Cordials and syrups 485,926 

Cork cutting 180,968 

Corsets 558,694 

Cutlery and edge tools.. 447,146 

Dairymen's supplies 270,950 

Dentists' materials 115,150 

Druggists' preparations.. 1,205,626 

Dyeing 101,919 

Electrical supplies 16,291,546 

Electroplating 327,058 

Engraving 375,824 

Engraving, steel 760,932 

Engraving, wood 196,124 

Fancy articles, not speci- 
fied 1,649,747 

Flags and banners 109,300 

Flavoring extracts 1,451,654 

Flour and grist mill prod- 
ucts 3,919,276 

Food preparations 3,228,835 

Foundry and machine shop 

products 51,774,695 

Foundry supplies 232,500 

Fur goods 1,420,558 

Furnishing goods, men's. 3,502,769 

Furniture 17,448,257 

Furs, dressed 146,780 

Galvanizing 103,580 

Gas and lamp fixtures . . . 2,257,653 

Gas machines and meters 176,159 
Glass, cutting, staining 

and ornamenting 1,309,906 

Gloves and mittens, leather 1,511,086 

Glue 2,318,182 

Gold and silver, leaf and 

foil 222,640 

Gold and silver, refining.. 1,448,276 



1 



MAN— MAN 

Grease and tallow $ 

Hairwork 

Hand-knit goods 

Hand stamps 

Hardware 

Hats and caps, not felt, 
straw or wool 

Hosiery and knit goods.. 

Housefurnishing goods... 

Ice, manufactured 

Ink, printing 

Ink, writing 

Instruments, professional, 
scientific 

Iron and steel, rolling 
mills 

Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, 
washers 

Iron and steel, doors and 
shutters 

Iron and steel, forgings.. 

Iron and steel, nails and 
spikes 

Jewelry 

Jewelry and instrument 
cases 

Labels and tags 

Lamps and reflectors .... 

Lapidary work 

Leather goods 

Leather, tanned 

Lime 

Liquors, malt 

Lithographing 

Looking-glass and picture 
frames 

Lumber, planing mill prod- 
ucts 

Malt 

Marble and stone work.. 

Mattresses and spring 
beds 

Millinery and lace goods. 

Mineral and soda water. . 

Mirrors 

Models and patterns 

Monuments and tomb- 
stones 

Mucilage and paste 

Musical instruments, not 
specified 

Musical instruments, or- 
gans 

Musical instruments, 
pianos 

Musical instrument ma- 
terials 

Nets and seines 

Oil, linseed 

Oil, not specified 

Oleomargarine 

Optical goods 

Paints 

Paper goods, not specified 

Patent medicine 

Paving materials 

Perfumery and cosmetics 

Photographic materials... 

Photo-engraving 

Pickles and preserves 

Pipes, tobacco 

Plumbers' supplies 

Pottery, terra cotta, clay 
product 

Printing, books and jobs. 

Printing, music 



157 



MAN— MAN 



2,302,938 
346,264 
150,688 
232,906 

3,290,849 

1,027,218 
1,158,526 
942,200 
349,033 
257,200 
429,052 

519,307 

24,839,623 

321,096 

259,983 
1,138,300 

405,225 
1,745,875 

131,762 

324,096 

227,696 

140,500 

1,129,031 

9,420,426 

470,318 

16,983,421 

1,391,852 

5,045,414 

13,855,883 
7,983,970 
2,869,176 

1,753,342 
4,788,212 
1,027,646 
1,179,383 
493,565 

486,644 
425,047 

663,284 

303,949 

7,260,075 

923,702 

238,376 
4,811,770 

372,518 
3,335,223 

294,361 
8,863,216 

780,628 
9,627,664 

301,015 
1,108,761 

754,629 
1,324,428 
3,703.377 

114,224 
3,872,804 

800,612 

26,200,564 

579,417 



21 



Printing, newspapers and 
periodicals $ 

Printing materials 

Pumps, not steam 

Refrigerators 

Regalia, banners, emblems 

Roofing materials 1 

Rubber and elastic goods 2 

Saddlery and harness.... 1 

Sausage 

Saws 1 

Scales and balances 

Sewing Machines 

Ship and boat building. . 

Shirts 1 

Showcases 

Silk and silk goods 

Slaughtering and meat 
packing, wholesale 262 

Slaughtering, wholesale, 
not including packing. . 6 

Smelting and refining.... 1 

Soap 13 

Soda water apparatus. ... 1 

Sporting goods 

Springs, steel 

Stamped ware 

Stationery goods, not 
specified 1 

Statuary and art goods . . 

Steam fittings 1 

Steam packing '. . . 

Stencils and brands 

Stereotyping and electro- 
typing 1 

Stoves and furnaces .... 2 

Structural iron work 8 

Sugar and molasses refin- 
ing 1 

Surgical appliances 

Tinware 2 

Tobacco, chewing and 
smoking 

Tobacco, cigars and cigar- 
ettes 

Tools, not specified 

Toys and games 

Trunks and valises 

Typefounding 

Typewriters and supplies. 

Upholstering and ma- 
terials 

Varnishes 

Vinegar and cider 

Washing machines and 
wringers 

Window shades and fix- 
tures 

Wirework 

Wood carpet 

Wood, turned and carved 

Woodenware, not specified 



,597,388 
358,710 
198,905 
173,924 
273,966 
,088,778 
807,589 
935,660 
967,476 
,024,249 
300,794 
350,070 
244,420 
395,539 
445,590 
735,242 

586,609 

994,877 
140,036 
769,946 
456,102 
622,142 
703,825 
820,173 

256,297 
510,432 
056,422 
467,585 
130,416 

164,940 
138,248 
279,675 

744,880 
922,100 
923,368 



4,229,733 

6,786,889 
498,610 
269,477 

1,958,663 
808,953 
372,650 



635,456 
801,732 
617,571 

117,900 

445,335 
544,914 
150,886 
737,596 
321,036 



Total $955,036,277 

Manufacturers in Chicago. — From 
census bureau report: Establish- 
ments, 8,159; capital invested, $637,- 
743,474; number of clerks, 40,276 
number of wage earners, 241,984 
wages earned in year, $136,404,696 
total miscellaneous expenses, $96,- 
298,031; cost of materials used, 



MAN— MAR 



158 



MAR— MAR 



$589,913,993; value of products. 
$955,036,277. 

Manufacture of Steel. — The 

knowledge that Chicago has out- 
grown Pittsburg in iron and steel 
construction prompted eastern 
manufacturers to turn to this end 
of Lake Michigan as the seat for 
future development of the indus- 
try. The result has been a pro- 
nounced increase in the number of 
manufacturing plants within the 
past three years. The great plant 
of Gary, Ind., has a capacity of 
3,000,000 tons of steel, of which 
900,000 tons are openhearth rails, 
300,000 tons plates, 360,000 tons 
merchant bars and the remainder 
structural shapes, billets, etc. In 
Chicago the output of the rolling 
mills approximates $125,000,000 
annually, giving employment to 
many thousands of skilled work- 
men. 

The recent changes in the con- 
struction of buildings of the larger 
type in Chicago, by which immense 
quantities of structural _ steel are 
employed, has given an impetus to 
the business of the steel mills and 
collateral concerns. Millions of 
tons of steel are used annually in 
the construction of beams and gir- 
ders for the frames of the tall 
structures recently erected and in 
course of erection in Chicago. The 
annual value of this output aggre- 
gates $75,000,000, and it is increas- 
ing largely every year. 

Maplewood. — Maplewood is four 
miles from Chicago. In years gone 
by it was a suburb of Chicago, but 
with the growth of the city they 
have been absorbed into the mu- 
nicipality and now is a part of 
Chicago. 

Markets. — Chicago is the great 
market where the Northwest dis- 
poses of her products, and to do 
this she subdivides the different 
lines which have gradually cen- 
tered themselves in different quar- 
ters of the city. If a dealer wants 
to buy fruits or vegetables, fresh, 
canned or imported, he goes to 
South Water street. Here, in the 



morning, are poured in, during the 
fruit season, from steamer and car, 
from the east, the west, the north 
and the south and the Pacific coast, 
boxes, barrels, baskets and crates 
of all sizes and description, and all 
full. They are stacked up all over 
the sidewalk, with just a narrow 
passage to squeeze through. The 
visitor says to himself: "Surely 
some of this perishable merchan- 
dise will spoil." But the commis- 
sion men, who see this act repeat- 
ed day after day for six months, 
only smile, and mentally count 
their gains. Two hours later the 
street is filled to overflowing with 
the express wagons of the retail 
dealers, and by 3 o'clock the whole 
mass of the daily supply of food 
for the city has been distributed to 
the groceries and meat markets all 
over the city. No city in the 
Union is better or longer supplied 
with early and late fruit and veg- 
etables, and nearly all the immense 
supply pours through a half dozen 
blocks on South Water street. 

Market, Grain. — All the grains, 
wheat, corn, oats, rye and buck- 
wheat are handled by the Board of 
Trade operators, who buy, store 
and ship whatever amount may be 
offered bv the producers at any 
time, summer or winter. 

Market Wagon Stand.— The Hay- 
maket space is now occupied by 
farmers, who' drive in from the im- 
mediate suburbs and market their 
own truck from their wagons dur- 
ing the day, thus saving the ex- 
pense of middlemen's profits. It 
is the only place in the city where 
trade is so made direct between the 
producer and the consumer. It is 
quite an interesting sight to see 
the amount and variety of stuff 
that is collected together here 
every day and disposed of by 2 
o'clock. 

Marriage Laws. — Marriage may 
be contracted without the consent 
of parents by males who are 21 
years of age or more. This is the 
rule in about all the states having 
laws on the subject. In Arizona 
the age is 18. For females the age 






MAR— MAS 



159 



MAT— MAT 



is 21 in Connecticut, Florida, Ken- 
tucky, Louisiana, Ohio, Pennsyl- 
vania, Rhode Island, South Da- 
kota, Virginia, West Virginia and 
Wyoming; 16 is the age in Arizona, 
Maryland and Nebraska, and 18 in 
the other states. Marriages con- 
tracted before the age of consent 
are illegal in nearly all the states. 

Marriage licenses are required in 
all the states and territories, with 
the exception of New Mexico, New 
Jersey, New York, North Dakota 
and South Carolina. 

Marriages between whites and 
negroes are prohibited by law in 
Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Cali- 
fornia, Colorado, Delaware, Dis- 
trict of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, 
Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Mary- 
land, Mississippi, Missouri, Ne- 
braska, Nevada, North Carolina, 
Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, 
Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, 
West Virginia and Michigan. 

Marriages between first cousins 
are prohibited in Arizona, Arkan- 
sas, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Lou- 
isiana, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, 
Xew Hampshire North Dakota 
Ohio Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsyl- 
vania, South Dakota and Wyom- 
ing. Step-relatives are not per- 
mitted to intermarry except in 
California, Colorado, Florida, Geor- 
gia, Idaho, Minnesota, New Mexi- 
co, New York, North Carolina, 
Oregon, Utah and Wisconsin. 

Masonic Temple. — This splendid 
structure, situated at the northeast 
corner of State and Randolph 
streets, Chicago, is without ques- 
tion one of the most wonderful as 
well as one of the tallest strictly 
commercial buildings in the world, 
from the base line to. the observa- 
tory deck, being 354 feet high. It 
was built originally as a monu- 
ment to and a home for Masonry, 
and in furtherance of this plan 
many other Masonic bodies have 
their meeting places here. As an 
illustration of its magnitude, more 
than 550 lodge and society meet- 
ings are held in the building each 
month. The home office of the 
Knights Templars and Masons' 



Life Indemnity Company and sev- 
eral of the largest fraternal be- 
neficiary societies are located here. 
The building is tenanted through- 
out with the very highest order of 
commercial and professional con- 
cerns. This fact, coupled with its 
world wide reputation, makes it a 
most desirable point from which to 
advertise legitimate 'enterprises. 
The building contains its own elec- 
tric light plant, which is operated 
every day and every night, and all 
day and all night. The largest 
safety deposit vaults in the world 
are located in the basement of this 
building. The best known, best 
patronized and highest class vaude- 
ville theater in the country is lo- 
cated on the top floor. Here hun- 
dreds are entertained daily and 
nightly through the summer season 
with the very best attractions 
known to the vaudeville stage. The 
hydraulic elevators, of which there 
are fourteen, are operated from 
6:30 in the morning until midnight 
every day in the year. In short, 
everything that can be found in a 
modern city may be found and ob- 
tained in the Masonic Temple. The 
business interests represented in 
this magnificent building are so 
varied that a man or woman might 
live within its walls for an entire 
year without ever going or sending 
outside for any necessities and very 
few of the luxuries of life. The 
building is owned by the Masonic 
Temple Association. The general 
office of the building, to which all 
communications may be addressed, 
is located in the lobby on the sec- 
ond floor. Over 5,000 persons have 
office in this building, and it is 
a conservative estimate to say that 
upwards of 30,000 persons are car- 
ried in the elevators daily. The 
Masonic Temple is now under the 
personal management of the well- 
known firm of Farnham, Willough- 
by & Co., whose affable and busi- 
ness-like methods have won for 
them the respect and admiration of 
the business public. 

Matters in Miles.— The city has: 
Sewers 1,726 miles 




Masonic Temple Building, State and Randolph Streets. 



(160) 



MAY— MAY 



161 



McC— McV 



Sidewalks 5,200 miles 

Streets and alleys 1,576 " 

Streets and alleys, unim- 
proved 2,675 " 

Total streets and alleys. 4,251 " 

Maywood. — Maywood is 10 miles 
from Chicago, and has a population 
of 4,532. The location of Maywood 
is high and very healthful. It lies 
opposite River Forest on the west 
bank of the Des Plaines River. 
Around the City Hall is a very 
pretty park, 16 acres in extent. 

Mayors of Chicago. — 

William B. Ogden. 
Buckner S. Morris. 
Benjamin W. Raymond. 
Alexander Lloyd. 
Francis C. Sherman. 
Benjamin W. Raymond. 
Augustus Garrett. 
Alson S. Sherman. 
Augustus Garrett. 
John P. Chapin. 
James Curtis. 
James H. Woodworth. 
James H. Woodworth. 
James Curtis. 
Walter S. Gurney. 
Walter S. Gurney. 
Charles M. Gray. 
Isaac L. Milliken. 
Levi D. Boone. 
Thomas Dyer. 
John Wentworth. 
John C. Haines. 
John C. Haines. 
John Wentworth. 
Julian S. Rumsey. 
Francis C. Sherman. 
Francis C. Sherman. 
John B. Rice. 
John B. Rice. 
Roswell B. Mason. 
Joseph Medill. 
Harvey D. Colvin. 
Thomas Hoyne. 
Monroe Heath. 
Monroe Heath. 
Carter H. Harrison, Sr. 
Carter H. Harrison, Sr. 
Carter H. Harrison, Sr. 
Carter H. Harrison, Sr. 
Tohn A. Roche. 
De Witt C. Cregier. 
Hempstead Washburne. 
Carter H. Harrison, Sr. 



John P. Hopkins. 
George B. Swift. 
Carter H. Harrison, Jr. 
Carter H. Harrison, Jr. 
Carter H. Harrison, Jr. 
Carter H. Harrison, Jr. 
Edward F. Dunne. 
Fred A. Busse. 

McCoy's European Hotel.— This 

hotel is located corner Clark and 
Van Buren streets, in the immedi- 
ate vicinity of the grandest busi- 
ness structures that have ever been 
erected in this or any country. The 
Board of Trade, United States Cus- 
tom House, Union League Club- 
house, Rock Island Railroad depot, 
and the terminus of La Salle street, 
where the great trade of Chicago 
enters, are only a block and a half 
from its doors. The hotel has 250 
rooms, east, south and west front. 

McVicker's Theater.— This thea- 
ter is now in its thirty-first year 
of continued success. There is 
not, in all the country, another 
play house more perfect in its en- 
tirety than McVicker's, of Chicago. 
This magnificent theater stands 
unique. It combines the good 
qualities of other famous theaters 
in Europe and America with the 
original ideas of the veteran actor 
and manager practically expressed 
in foyer, auditorium and stage, 
showing the acme of excellence 
which the science of theater con- 
struction and equipment has at- 
tained. McVicker's is luxurious, 
and in decoration equals, if not 
surpasses, the parlor and drawing- 
room appointments of the most 
costly residences. The chairs are 
built for ease and comfort, while 
the boxes are perfect gems. The 
cooling apparatus for hot weather 
works like a charm, and the heat- 
ing and ventilating is so perfect 
that the house is filled with fresh 
air continually. The magnificent 
pipe organ, which is a feature of 
this theater, is used at every per- 
formance. A selected list of spe- 
cial numbers is rendered weekly. 
This theater is located on Madison 
street, between State and Dearborn 



ME A— MED 



162 



MED— MEL 



streets. Only first-class attractions 
presented. 

Medical, Dental, Pharmaceutical and 

Veterinary Colleges. 
American College of Medicine and 

Surgery, 339 South Lincoln street. 
American Medical Missionary Col- 
lege, 28 Thirty-third place. 
Bennett Medical College, corner Ada 

and Fulton streets. 
Chicago College of Dental Surgery, 

corner Wood and West Harrison 

streets 
Chicago Clinical School, 819 West 

Harrison street. 
Chicago Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat 

College, 206 Washington street. 
Chicago Hospital Training School for 

Nurses, 452 Forty-ninth street. 
Chicago College of Ophthalmology 



Illinois Medical College, Washington 
and Halsted streets. 

Illinois Training School for Nurses, 
West Harrison and Wood streets. 

Jenner Medical College, 196 Washing- 
ton street. 

Lakeside Hospital Training School 
for Nurses, 4147 Lake avenue. 

National Medical College, 531 North 
Wells street. 

Northwestern School of Pharmacy, 
Dearborn and Lake streets. 
Northwestern University Dental 

School, Dearborn and Lake streets. 

Northwestern University Medical 
School, Dearborn and Lake streets. 

Post-Graduate School, corner Dear- 
born and Twenty-fourth streets. 

Presbyterian Hospital School for 
Nurses, 277 Ashland boulevard. 

Rush Medical College, 762 W. Harri- 
son street. 



MEAT AND FOODSTUFF INSPECTION. 



Condemnations of Foodstuffs — Lbs.: 

Meats 

Poultry 

Fish 

Canned goods 

Fruits and vegetables 

Other foodstuffs 

Total 

Condemned at Union Stock Yards — lbs 

Condemned at other places in city — lbs 

Sanitary Inspections of Markets, Stores, etc: 

Number found insanitary 

Reinspections 

Number found insanitary on reinspection 

Law suits instituted 

Amount of fines imposed 



1908 



1,604,220 
62,555 
14,135 

1,714,084 

258,116 

59,524 


3,712,634 

1,382,214 
2,330,420 


6,330 

5,809 

1,159 

394 

$2,340 



and Otology, 126 State street, room 

1305. 
Chicago Homeopathic Medical College, 

corner South Wood and York 

streets 
Chicago Ophthalmic College, 103 State 

street. 
Chicago Policlinic, 176 Chicago ave- 
nue. 
Chicago Veterinary College, 2437 

State street. 
College of Medicine and Surgery, 245 

Ashland boulevard. 
College of Physicians and Surgeons of 

Chicago, Congress and Honore 

street. 
Dearborn Medical College, Twelfth 

street and Michigan avenue. 
Hahnemann Hospital Training School 

for Nurses, 2811 Groveland avenue. 
Hahnemann Medical College, 2825 

Cottage Grove avenue. 
Harvey Medical College, 164 Dearborn 

street. 



St. Luke's Hospital Training School 
for Nurses, 1416 Indiana avenue. 

University of Illinois School of Phar- 
macy, Michigan avenue and Twelfth 
street. 

University of Illinois College of Den- 
tistry, 813 West Harrison street. 

Union College of Dentistry, Wabash 
avenue and Van Buren street. 

Woman's Hospital Training School for 
Nurses, corner Thirty-second street 
and Rhodes avenue. 

Melrose Park. — Melrose Park is 
11.3 miles from Chicago and has 
a population of 2,592. It is a man- 
ufacturing suburb, and has many- 
pleasant homes. The Latrobe 
Steel Mills are located here, giving 
employment to a large number of 



MER— MER 



163 



MES— MET 



Mercy Hospital. — Located at 2537 
Prairie avenue. It is conducted by 
the Sisters of Mercy and has for 
its main object the care of the 
sick poor, after which as many of 
those who are able to pay as can 
be accommodated. This institu- 
tion, the oldest hospital in Chicago, 
now occupies an elegant new build- 



tion of prominent physicians and 
surgeons. 

Messenger Service. — There are 
now several companies who, for a 
fixed charge per month, will place 
an instrument in your house con- 
tained in a miniature iron box, 
having a small crank on the out- 
side. By means of this you can 



METEOROLOGIC DATA— YEAR 1908 
COMPARED WITH YEARS OF OBSERVATION- 



Temperature: 

Mean temperature, year (degrees Fahr.) 

Highest monthly mean 

Lowest monthly mean 

Highest reached, any day 

Lowest reached, any day 

Greatest daily range 

Least daily range 

Precipitation: 

Total yearly precipitation (inches) 

Maximum in 24 hours 

Humidity: 

Relative humidity (percentage) 

Highest relative humidity 

Wind Movement: 
Maximum velocity, for five minutes (miles per hour) 

Direction during maximum velocity 

Average hourly velocity (miles) 

Prevailing direction 

Sunshine: 

Percent of possible 

Highest percent for a month 

Barometric Pressure: 

Mean barometric pressure (inches) 

Highest 

Lowest 




52 

74 
(July) 

27 
(Feb.) 

96 

(Aug. 3) 
-2 

(Feb. 2) 
36 

(Mar. 26) 
3 

(Feb. 14) 

34.8 
4.3 
(Aug. 11-12) 

75 

81 

(May) 

68 
(May 28) 
West 

15 
S.-W. 



62 

85 

(Sept.) 

30.30 
30.75 

(Feb. 8) 
29.22 

(Apr. 25) 



For 
Period of 
Observa- 
tion. 



48.7 

77 

(July '01) 

12 

(Jan. '93) 

103 

(7-21-'01) 
—23 

(12-24-72) 

52 

(2-8-1900) 



(3-24-'01) 

33.4 

6.2 
(8-2-'85) 

75 

87.5 

(Jan. '93) 

84 

(2-12-'94) 

N.-E. 

16 

S.-W. 



58 

86 

(Sept. '95) 



♦Periods of observation: Temperature, precipitation, barometric pressure and humidity 
-39 years; Wind movement — direction 17 years, Velocity — 19 years; Sunshine — 15 years. 



ir»g, constructed on the best sani- 
tary principles and arranged to 
accommodate 300 patients. Its lo- 
cation near the lake shore is in one 
of the healthiest and pleasantest 
parts of the city. The patients are 
assigned to particular departments, 
according to the nature of their 
disease, which receives the atten- 



summon at will a policeman, a fire- 
man with an extinguisher, and no- 
tify the fire department, or a boy 
messenger in uniform, who will 
execute any commission you desire. 
These instruments are to be found 
at the disposal of any person in 
the offices of all first-class hotels 
and restaurants and are very con- 



MID— MIL 



164 



MIL— MIL 



venient for the delivery of notes, 
invitations, circulars, the carrying 
of parcels or hand luggage, etc. 
The charge for messenger service 
is based upon the standard of 30 
cents per hour, but a tariff book 
is furnished by the company, with 
each instrument, which gives the 
exact price of service from that 
point to all others in the city. The 
oldest of these is the American 
District Telegraph Company, which 
is a part of the Western Union 
Telegraph system. The main offices 
of the American District Telegraph 
are located at 159 La Salle street. 
There are also companies which 
deliver letters or circulars in quan- 
tities. (See City Directory.) 

Midlothian. — Midlothian is 18 
miles from Chicago. The Midlo- 
thian Country Club is located here 
and contains a beautiful clubhouse 
and grounds. Many members of 
the club have their summer homes 
here. 

Military Organizations. — Illinois 
National Guard: 

First Regiment Infantry, armory 
1542 Michigan avenue. 

Second Regiment Infantry, ar- 
mory Washington boulevard and 
Curtis street. 

Seventh Regiment Infantry, ar- 
mory Thirty-third street and 
Wentworth avenue. 

Eighth Regiment Infantry, ar- 
mory 414 Thirty-seventh street. 

Signal Corps, headquarters Sec- 
ond Regiment armory. 

First Regiment Cavalry, 527 
North Clark street. 

Chicago Zouaves, headquarters 
Sixteenth and Dearborn streets. 

Illinois Naval Reserves, head- 
quarters 20 Michigan avenue. 

Millinery Business Tremendous. 

— The manufacture of millinery 
goods in Chicago is one of the 
most important items in the com- 
mercial history of this city. The 
combined business of the manufac- 
turers, wholesalers and jobbers in 
this line reached nearly $19,000,000 
last year, an increase of more than 
$2,000,000 in two years. 

There are many manufacturing 



plants here in which every article 
known to the milliner is made by 
artisans, whose skill has done much 
to advance, the interests of their 
employers. The lines of special 
articles manufactured are so ex- 
tensive that they combine to make 
Chicago a world's market which is 
without a peer in any city on the 
globe. Retail merchants in the ter- 
ritory supplied by this market find 
it to their advantage to come to 
Chicago periodically to get new 
points of view, new samples and to 
meet the leaders of the industry 
with which they are connected. 

In the manufacture of artificial 
flowers, Chicago does a business 
aggregating $3,000,000 a year in 
volume. The industry is growing 
yearly and the demand for the Chi- 
cago product increasing day by 
day. This is the result of pains- 
taking care on the part of the man- 
ufacturers, all of whom are adepts 
in their particular line. The arti- 
ficial flower establishments in Chi- 
cago rank among the largest in 
the country. 

Millions for Schools. — Chicago 
must spend $9,000,000 for school 
buildings. Within three years that 
great amount of money must be 
used in the improvement and en- 
largement of old buildings and the 
erection of new ones. There is a 
reason for it. The president of the 
Board of Education gives it in a 
few easily understood words: 
"Chicago shows a natural increase 
of 5,000 children of school age 
every year." 

The best results cannot be ob- 
tained when schoolrooms are over- 
crowded. There is a limit to the 
possibilities of the most earnest 
and adaptable teacher. Chicago 
ought to have a school system of 
which every citizen should be 
proud. To reach such a state 
means new buildings of approved 
type. It involves the enlargement 
of many of the present structures, 
architectural appearance being care- 
fullv considered. It will require 
$9,000,000 and then more. But 
there is no way of escape. The 
taxpayers will not find fault with 



i 



MIL— MIL 165 

the board of education if that body 
acts with wisdom, with an economy 
commensurate with absolute needs, 
and with a broadminded recogni- 
tion of future problems of equal 
magnitude. 



MIL— MIL 



an almost universal extent this milk 
is handled on cement floors. It is 
cooled in vats, which pass a city 
inspection. Milk is put through a 
thorough process, which usually in- 
volves a thorough mixing, strain- 



MILK INSPECTION. 



(a) City Milk Inspection: 

Total samples milk and cream from all sources, during year 

Per cent found below grade 

Samples taken in milk depots (last 6 months) 

Per cent found below grade 

Samples taken in stores (last 6 months) 

Per cent found below grade 

Samples taken from wagons (last 6 months) 

Per cent found below grade 

Samples taken at receiving platforms (last 6 months) 

Per cent found below grade 

Samples brought to laboratory by citizens (year) 

Per cent found below grade 

Law suits instituted 

Ajnount of fines imposed by courts 



63,984 

4.8 

8,340 

4.2 

7,669 

4.3 

13,107 

2.2 

5.459 

1.5 

7,115 

5.2 

1,703 

$10,218 



Milk Situation. — The milk situa- 
tion in Chicago is far better than 
that of any other city in the coun- 
try. Press and the health depart- 
ment unfearingly went after deal- 
ers who seemed at all delinquent 
in complying with the ordinance, 
and systematic agitation resulted 
in a wonderful uplift of milk con- 
ditions. While at all times there 
have been honorable dealers, yet 
the result of this discussion and in- 
vestigation brought into light 
others who have not been con- 
scientious. It thus happens that 
today the milk business generally 
in Chicago is being conducted on 
an exceptionally high class plane 
and with regard to the best inter- 
est of the public. 

Tests made by the city health 
department of milk brought into 
Chicago to be retailed by the milk 
depots, show an exceptionally high 
percentage of butter fat, which is 
the standard of milk testing. To 
look through the leading milk 
depots of this city would reveal an 
interesting state of affairs, even 
among dealers of modern means. 
There is a pleasing revelation of 
cleanliness from the moment the 
milk is brought in great cans from 
the various railway stations. To 



ing and clarifying, the first of 
which insures an average milk, and 
the second a clean milk. These vari- 
ous processes, of the greatest in- 
terest, mean that the milk which 
you get is not touched by human 
hands. When it is at last placed 
on a wagon, kept cool with finely 
chopped ice and delivered at your 
pantry door you are receiving an 
article that has been scientifically 
and conscientiously produced, 
These are some of the reasons why 
Chicago milk is considered above 
the standard of any other large 
city. 

The system of inspection by no 
means begins or ends at home. 
The authority of the city of Chi- 
cago reaches far out into the coun- 
try — to the distant farms in this 
and other states which ship milk 
to the dealers in this city. The ex- 
ercise of this authority means that 
the farmers themselves are abso- 
lutely obliged to keep clean dairies, 
to see that herds of cows continue 
in the best of health, and that all 
the conditions in these widely scat- 
tered dairies are absolutely sani- 
tary. 

It is safe to say that impure milk 
can scarcely be brought into Chi- 
cago, or if by chance some of such 



MIL— MI N 



166 



MIS— MIS 



character should be brought in, it 
is quickW detected, and the source 
of supply is at once investigated. 
The public is protected at every 
turn in their milk supply and in 
the handling of the product. 

The manager of one of Chicago's 
largest milk concerns, in discussing 
some of the difficulties confront- 
ing the dealer in milk, made the 
following* statement: 

"The price of labor has increased 
30 per cent in the last ten years; 
drivers at that time receiving $12 
a week, get $17 now. The price 
paid the farmer at .the farm for 
this milk is d]/ 2 cents a quart. 
After milk has been so purchased 
there is the regular handling and 
bottling, washing of bottles, trans- 
portation to .the city, handling in 
the city, the delivery and office ex- 
penses. These items are costing 
us 3^3 censt a quart. So you see 
we are expending as much on pro- 
ducing milk as we receive for it at 
the present time." 

Mineral and Soda Waters. — In 

no other market in the world are 
so many bottles of soda and like 
summer beverages manufactured 
and consumed as in Chicago. This 



and the laws of sanitation so care- 
fully observed that the Chicago 
product may be said to be the 
purest in the world. 

Experts assert that the adultera- 
tions of soft drinks so conspicuous 
in many eastern productions are 
lacking in the Chicago-made prod- 
uct. Time was when fruit sirups 
were preserved with salicylic acid 
and contained coal tar dyes and 
artificial flavors, while much of the 
ginger ale, fruit tonics and sodas 
were sweetened water with chem- 
ical imitations of the various fruit 
flavors, but the demand of the pub- 
lic for purer drinks and the opera- 
tion of the pure food law have 
combined to a thorough purifica- 
tion of this branch of industry. 
Happily, the better class of manu- 
facturers in the city of Chicago at 
no time adulterated their product, 
and the operation of law has re- 
sulted in driving the less scrupulous 
manufacturers from business, there- 
by improving the quality of the 
Chicago-made product until now it 
leads all others in the country for 
excellence, purity and health-giv- 
ing properties. 

The industries affected by the 



MISCELLANEOUS MILK DATA: 

Total daily shipments of milk into Chicago (gallons) 

At an average price of 7 cents per quart for milk and cream Chicago pays, yearly. 

Estimated number of cows in country that supply milk for Chicago market 

Estimated number of cows in city 

Licenses. 
Milk and cream dealers, total. 

Peddlers 

Stores 

Ice Dealers 

Permits. 
Permits to keep cows in city 



240,000 

$24,528,000 

150,000 

2,500 



4,613 
2,604 
2,009 
1,533 



698 



market supplies almost the entire 
United States, and by reason of the 
superior bottling facilities and the 
unsurpassed quality of the wares, 
the market for this class of goods 
made in Chicago has been extend- 
ed to all parts of the world. The 
sirups and other compounds em- 
ployed in the manufacture of soda 
and mineral waters are rigidly in- 
spected by the pure food officials, 



prosperity of the liquor trade in 
Chicago are numerous. The manu- 
facture of beer kegs for the brew- 
ers and bottles for the bottlers of 
fine beers, liquors, and other bev- 
erages amount to several million 
dollars annually. Brewers' sup- 
plies in an almost endless variety 
are manufactured here, and large 
firms are in the business of out- 
fitting manufactories in all parts of 



MON— MON 



167 



MOR-MOT 



the country. Of the cooperage out- 
put of last year, which amounted 
to $4,000,000, more than two-thirds 
was supplied to the brewers and 
malt houses. The soda and min- 
eral water output amounted to $3,- 
510,000, while the output of bottles 
used in that industry amounted to 
more than 50 per cent of that sum. 
The value of sirups manufactured 
last year reached the colossal sum 
of $10,200,000. 

Monuments and Statues. 

Abraham Lincoln Monument, Lincoln 
Park. 

America Monument, Garfield Park. 

Andersen, Lincoln Park. 

Beethoven, Lincoln Park. 

Douglas Monument, Thirty-fifth 
street and Lake avenue. 

Drake Fountain and Columbus Statue, 
Washington street, between City- 
Hall and County Building. 

Drexel, Thirty-fifth and Drexel boule- 
vard. 

Fire of 1871 Inscription, 137 DeKoven 
street. 

Fort Dearborn Inscription, Michigan 
avenue and the river. 

Franklin, Lincoln Park. 

Frederick Von Schiller Monument. 
Lincoln Park. 

Garibaldi, Lincoln Park. 

Goethe, Lincoln Park. 

Haymarket, Union Park. 

Kennison, Lincoln Park. 

Kosciusko, Humboldt Park. 

La Salle Monument, Lincoln Park. 

Leif Ericson, Humboldt Park. 

Linnaeus Statue, Lincoln Park. 

Logan, Grant Park. 

Ottawa Indian Monument, Lincoln 
Park. 

Reuter Monument, Humboldt Park. 

Rosenberg, Grant Park. 

Shakespeare, Lincoln Park. 

Signal of Peace, Lincoln Park. 

The Alarm, Lincoln Park. 

U. S. Grant Monument, Lincoln Park. 

Victoria, Garfield Park. 

Victory, Garfield Park. 

Von Humboldt Monument, Humboldt 
Park. 

Washington, Grand boulevard and 
Fifty-first street. 

Monuments in Lincoln Park. — 

Lincoln Park is not gaining in art 
as it gains in monuments. The La 
Salle bronze statue is monstrous in 
drawing and ridiculous in detail. 
Instead of a preux chevalier, who 
would have dressed consistently for 
his mission — that of an explorer in 
a country of rude climatic condi- 
tion — who would have been cour- 
tier at court and soldier in the field, 
we have a mongrel combination of 



half-breed in human type, dressed 
up in lace at the wrists, cavalry 
boots on his supposed legs, a sword 
in his belt, and no covering on his 
head. The Schiller bronze statue, 
a rather better effigy in art, is ideal- 
ly unfair to the subject; prosaic 
and austere, it is more pedagogue 
than poet. As for the Linnaeus 
piece, the sculptor carried incon- 
gruity to madness. A squat figure 
in art proportions, too broad for 
its height, is made broader by a 
huge cloak which exaggerates its 
false dimensions. If the natural- 
ist needed the cloak, why was he 
sent forth uncovered? Sculptors 
do as absurd things as other men, 
but greater absurdity than the 
draper of the Linnaeus cannot be 
found in art. 

Fortunately. Lincoln Park pos- 
sesses two monuments worthy of 
public place, the glorious Lincoln 
of St. Gaudens, and the refined but 
vivid Indian group by Boyle. The 
Grant Monument is also in this 
park (which see). 

Morgan Park.— Morgan Park is 
13.7 miles from Chicago, and has 
a population of 2,329. This is 
largely a residential town. The 
Mt. Hope, Mt. Olivet and Mt. 
Greenwood Cemeteries are located 
here. 

Morgue.— Located in the rear of 
the County Hospital. There are 
always a number of bodies on view, 
either picked from the streets, 
victims of accident or sudden 
decease, or taken from the waters 
of the lake or river. Besides the 
county morgue, many bodies — es- 
pecially of the victims of murders 
— are taken to private morgues. A 
new morgue on the hospital prem- 
ises is now ready for occupancy. 

Moses Montefiore Cemetery. — 

Is located at Waldheim (which 
see), and may be reached in a sim- 
ilar manner. 

Motor Row. — Eleven years ago 
Chicago did not have a single au- 
tomobile agent; ten years ago the 
first one put up his shingle, and at 
the present time there are ninety- 



MOR— MOT 



168 



MOU-MOU 



nine different makes of cars rep- 
resented in the city and many more 
clamoring to get in. 

A decade back the "motor row" 
was located at the corner of Wa- 
bash avenue and Van Buren street; 



ing tendency to continue the march 
to the south, where rents are 
cheaper. 

Mount Greenwood Cemetery.— 
This beautiful home of the dead is 
very appropriately named, as the 



MORTALITY OF CHICAGO. 



TOTAL DEATHS. 



1908 



1907 



Total deaths, all causes 

Death rate per 1000 of pop'n. 

By Sex: 

Males 

Females 

By Color: 

White 

Colored 

By Ages: 

Under 1 year of age 

1 to 5 years 

5 to 20 years 

20 to 60 years 

Over 60 years 

Unknown age 

By Important Causes: 

Diphtheria 

Scarlet fever 

Measles 

Whooping cough 

Influenza 

Smallpox 

Typhoid fever 

Diarrheal diseases 

Under 2 years of age. . . . 

Over 2 years of age ..... 

Pneumonia 

Tuberculosis — all forms 

Of lungs 

Other forms 

Cancer 

Diabetes. 

Nervous diseases — total .... 

Convulsions ._ 

Meningitis, simple 

Heart diseases 

Apoplexy 

Bronchitis — total 

Acute 

Chronic 

Nephritis — total 

Acute 

Chronic 

Violence — all forms 

Suicide 

Accidents 

Homicide 

Legal execution 

Sunstroke 



30,548 
14.10 

17,230 
13,328 

29,532 
1,016 

6,908 
2,768 
1,958 
12,545 
6,341 
8 

568 
398 
174 
140 
418 



338 
3,459 
3,019 

440 
3,686 
3,934 
3,345 

589 
1,451 

244 
1,161 

168 

275 
2,518 

578 

786 

665 

121 
2,056 

304 
1,752 
2,238 

500 
1,507 

195 



36 



32,143 
15.25 

18,308 
13,835 

31,124 
1,019 

6,720 
3,357 
2,204 
13,298 
6,563 
1 

536 

715 

258 

259 

203 

1 

376 

2,805 

2,353 

452 

4,984 

4,030 

3,477 

553 

1,405 

213 

1,715 

701 

480 

2,497 

570 

799 

674 

125 

2,219 

391 

1,828 

2,281 

399 

1,664 

206 

1 

11 



Still births (never breathed) not included in total 



2,378 



2,265 



now the row extends from Harri- 
son street on the north to Twenty- 
first street on the south, and from 
Twelfth to Sixteenth, on both sides 
of the street, are bunched most of 
the dealers, while there is a grow- 



ground on which it is laid out 
reaches an altitude of seventy feet 
above Lake Michigan, and is per- 
haps the highest piece of natural 
ground within a like distance from 
Chicago. 



MOR— MOU 



169 



MOU— MUN 



Nature has also provided one 
other feature necessary to the 
adornment of a park or large bury- 
ing ground, and that is forest trees; 
here they are abundant, some of 
them monsters of the primeval for- 
est. Mount Greenwood lies along 
One Hundred and Eleventh street, 
California avenue and Western 
avenue, and is reached by the Chi- 
cago & Grand Trunk Railway, from 
Dearborn station, Polk street, and 
by carriages over well-kept roads, 
via Western avenue, Halsted and 
State street, or the old Vincennnes 
road through South Englewood. 
The grounds contain eighty acres, 



Scandinavian dead. While scarce- 
ly ten years old, it contains over 
5,000 graves. Take train at Union 
depot, via Chicago, Milwaukee & 
St. Paul Railway . 

Mount Olivet Cemetery, located 
one-half mile west of the suburb 
of Morgan F'ark. Take train at 
Dearborn station, via Chicago & 
Grand Trunk Railway. 

Moving Picture Manufacturers. — 

Within a period of five years at 
least seven manufactories for the 
making of moving picture films, 
representing investments of more 
than $10,000,000, have been estab- 



MORTALITY OF AMERICAN CITIES, YEAR 1908. 



Population. 

Estimate of 

U.S. Census 

Bureau. 



All Causes 



Deaths. 



Rate 

per 1000 

of pop. 



New York (a).. . . 

Chicago (b) 

Philadelphia (c) . 
St. Louis (c) .... 

Boston (a) 

Baltimore (a) ... 
Pittsburg (c). . 

Cleveland (b) 

Buffalo (b) 

Detroit (c) 

Cincinnati (c) ... 
Milwaukee (b). . . 
New Orleans (c). . 
Washington (c). . 
Newark, N. J. (c). 

(a) Seacoast cities 

(b) Lake cities . . 

(c) River cities. . . 



4,338,322 
2,250,000 
1,491,082 
674,012 
616,052 
568,571 
547,523 
491,401 
391,629 
376,174 
349,316 
327.123 
323,157 
317,380 
302,324 



73,071 

30,548 

26,304 

9,795 

11,767 

10,435 

9,031 

7,177 

6,052 

6,946 

6,448 

4,454 

7,345 

6,126 

5,316 



16.84 
14.10 
17.64 
14.53 
19.10 
18.35 
16.49 
14.61 
15.45 
18.46 
18.46 
13.62 
22.73 
19.30 
17.58 



5,522,965 
3,376,208 
4,380,968 



95,273 

48,143 
77,311 



18.10 
14.45 
18.15 



and have greenhouses, water- 
works, and, it is said, the largest 
receiving vault in the state. It has 
been chosen as the resting place 
for the remains of many of Chi- 
cago's prominent and wealthy citi- 
zens, and it contains a large num- 
ber of costly and appropriate mon- 
uments, among which is that of 
the Elks. 

Mount Hope Cemetery, a recent 
burying ground, located at Wash- 
ington Heights, south of the city. 

Mount Olive Cemetery, located 
at Dunning, 9 miles northwest of 
the City Hall. This beautiful cem- 
etery is the burying place of the 



lished, two of the largest being in 
Chicago. Throughout the coun- 
try some 8,000 moving picture thea- 
ters are doing a prosperous busi- 
ness, while hundreds of film agen- 
cies are reaping tremendous profits 
from this infant industry, which ap- 
pears to have solved the problem 
of cheap yet profitable amusement 
for the masses. 

Municipal Court. — Under a re- 
cent Act of the Legislature there 
were twelve Municipal Courts es- 
tablished in the city. These courts 
take the place of the former Jus- 
tice of the Peace Courts. In these 
courts criminal cases are tried. For 



MUN— MUN 



170 



MUN— MUN 



the most part they are located in 
the following police stations: 

Harrison street station, Maxwell 
street station, Des Plaines street 
station, West Chicago avenue sta- 
tion, East Chicago avenue station, 
Thirty-fifth street station, Hyde 
Park station, Stock Yards station, 
Englewood station, Sheffield ave- 
nue station, Irving Park boulevard 
station, Warren avenue station. 

Municipal House Cleaning. — Ev- 
ery one knows that when spring 
puts in an appearance the house- 
wives all over the land are attacked 
with the house cleaning fever. This 
means, if it means anything at all, 
that the women are, by instinct 
and training, better sanitarians than 
are the men. The average woman 
has a horror of dirt, the average 
man is not so particular. This is 
why, perhaps, our cities are not 
kept cleaner. 

Why would it not be a good 
thing, and conducive to health and 
comfort, for city officials all over 
the land to get the clean-up craze? 
Why would it not also be fine if 
every citizen should be stricken 
with the same fever? 

One thing is certain, in the event 
it should become violently epi- 
demic, and that is, there would be 
a mighty big improvement in the 
general health conditions, to say 
nothing of the beauty and sightli- 
ness of our cities as they are to- 
day. 

Municipal Lodging House. — De- 
cember 21, 1901, a municipal lodg- 
ing house for deserving poor tem- 
porarily out of employment was 
opened at 12 to 14 Jefferson street. 
It is now at 10 North Union street 
and accommodates 350 men. Ap- 
plicants are required to prove that 
they are not professional vaga- 
bonds and tramps before they are 
admitted. Those who are able to 
work are compelled to perform 
three hours of labor on the street 
in return for lodging and breakfast; 
others are sent to Dunning, the 
County Hospital or to the Bureau 
of Charities. Applicants who are 
intoxicated, suffering from con- 



tagious diseases or not indigent, 
are rejected. 

Municipal Playgrounds. — During 
the past three years it has been the 
policy of the city to establish a 
series of playgrounds. These play- 
grounds are located in the various 
parts of the city and they ,are 
adapted for the use of the children 
exclusively. They contain grounds 
that have been arranged for out- 
door sports and buildings of or- 
nate design, located within enclos- 
ures, and these contain gymnasi- 
ums, baths, etc. The attendance 
for the past year estimated 2,000,- 
000. They are located as follows: 

Adams, Seminary avenue, near 
Center street, 102x288 feet; Holden, 
Bonfield street, near West Thirty- 
fifth, 672x102 feet; Commercial 
Club, West Chicago avenue, near 
Lincoln street, 200x125 feet; Mose- 
ley, Wabash avenue and Twenty- 
fourth street, 200x200 feet; Mc- 
Laren, West Polk street, near Laf- 
lin, 175x185 feet; Northwestern 
Elevated, Alaska and Larrabee 
streets, 90x350 feet; Sampson, Fif- 
teenth street, near Loomis, 215x 
125 feet; Swenie, Marshal, Polk 
street, near Halsted, 125x240 feet; 
Orleans, Institute place and Or- 
leans street, 240x108 feet; Max 
Beutner, Wentworth and Thirty- 
third and La Salle streets, 133x546 
and 346x258 feet; Wrightwood Ave- 
nue, corner Perry street and 
Wrightwood avenue, 454x363 feet; 
McCormick, Sawyer avenue and 
Twenty-seventh street, 275x125 
feet; Twenty-second Street, Twen- 
ty-second street, west of Robey, 
225x125 feet. 

Municipal Regulation of Gas. — 

Chicago's municipal regulation of 
its gas supply through an or- 
dinance recommended for passage 
by the City Council committee on 
gas, oil and electric light, will be 
more thorough and more beneficial 
to the consumer than the control 
exercised bv any other municipal- 
ity in the United States. 

Seven municipal stations are to 
be established and tests provided 
for candle power, claorific power, 



MUS—MUS 



171 



NAT— NAT 



sulphuretted hydrogen, ammonia, 
and sulphur. Three records daily 
of gas pressure in each testing dis- 
trict are required. The gas must 
be twenty-two candle power. 

One section of the ordinance 
which is not to take effect for three 
years provides that the maximum 
daily fluctuation in pressure shall 
not exceed 100 per cent of the 
minimum pressure. 

It will cost the city between 
$15,000 and $20,000 the first year 
to erect and equip testing stations. 
Four new men probably will be put 
on the work. 

Musical Clubs and Associations. 

Amateur Musical Club — Music Hall, 
203 Michigan avenue. 

Amphion Singing Club — 1136 Milwau- 
kee avenue. 

Apollo Musical Club — 40 Randolph 
street. 

Bjorgvin Singing Society — 876 North 
Artesian avenue. 

Chopin Singing Society — 102 West 
Division street. 

Germania Maennerchor — 643 North 
Clark street. 

Gesangverin Almira — 574 Armitage 
avenue. 

Grueltig Maennerchor — 109 Wells 
street. 

Freler Saengerbund — S80 Milwaukee 
avenue. 

Handel Musical Club — 512, 26 Van 
Buren street. 

Harmony Singing Club — 1533 Aldine 
avenue. 

Harugari Maennerchor — 1115 West' 
Twelfth street. 

Irish Choral Society — 340 Dearborn 
street. 

Junger Maennerchor — 257 North Clark 
street. 

Mendelssohn Club — 17 Van Buren 
street. 

Norwegian Singing Society — 

Orchestral Association — 850 Orches- 
tra building. 

Polish Frederic Chopin Singing So- 
ciety — 391 West Chicago avenue. 

Schweizer Maennerchor — 526 North 
Clark street. 

Svithlod Singing Club — 1768 Wright- 
wood avenue. 

Swedish Glee Club — 470 La Salle 
avenue. 

Teutonia Maennerchor — 

Wanda Singing Society — 540 Noble 
street. 

Music Halls. — 

Handel Hall 40 Randolph street. 
Kimball Music Hall, 243 Wabash 

avenue. 
Orchestra Hall, Michigan avenue, 

near Adams street. 



Steinway Music Hall, 17 Van Buren 

street. 
University Hall, Fine Arts Bldg. 

National Defense. — When you 
hear any one criticize America's 
appropriations for our National De- 
fense, bear in mind that our ex- 
penditures for this purpose during 
the ten years ending and including 
1907 were $2,128,030,626. During 
the same period the expenditures 
of Germany were $2,028,314,568; of 
France, $2,406,008,186; of Great 
Britain, $3,600,345,700; that the fig- 
ures for 1907 were — America, $220,- 
130,012; Germany, $220,704,240; 
France, $262,117,431; Great Britain, 
$310,174,048. And when you con- 
sider these figures, take into ac- 
count, on the one hand, the wealth 
of the respective nations and the 
extent of their" respective coast 
lines; on the other hand, that the 
purchasing power of the dollar is 
very much below that of its equiva- 
lent in the currency of Germany, 
France or Great Britain. 

Nation's Gateway. — The annual 
report of the commissioner general 
of immigration tells an encourag- 
ing story. The work of the bureau 
was increased nearly 20 per cent 
during the past year. The increase 
was not due to the swelling of the 
tide flowing through the nation's 
gateway. As a matter of fact there 
was a falling off of half a million 
in the number of arrivals, the ag- 
gregate representing a- loss of 39 
per cent as compared with the total 
for 1907. The increase of work 
done tells of greater efficiency in 
administration. 

Some of the matters considered 
by the Bureau are indicated by the 
statements about illiteracy, cash 
per capita, exclusion of undesira- 
bles, Japanese and Chinese new- 
comers, alien contract labor, and 
the destination of immigrants. 
That 26 per cent of the aliens were 
found illiterate, that the cash 
brought averaged $23 to the indi- 
vidual, that 11,000 undesirables 
were barred, that 2.000 contract la- 
borers were denied admission and 



NAT— NEW 



172 



NEW— NEW 



240 others who had escaped notice 
before were arrested and sent 
away, all have interest. 

Nationalities Represented in Chicago. 
The following list enumerates the 
different nationalities to be found in 
Chicago. Of these the most part 
speak their native tongue: 

German 500,000 

Irish 180,000 

Polish 125,000 

Swedish 100,000 

Bohemian 90,000 

English 53,000 

Norwegian 50,000 

Yiddish 50,000 

Caradian 41,000 

Dutch 35,000 

Italian 25,000 

Scotch 21,000 

Danish 20,000 

French 15,000 

Croatian and Servian 10,000 

Slovakian 10,000 

Lithuanian 10,000 

Russian 7,000 

Hungarian 5,000 

Greek 4,000 

Frisian 2,000 

Roumanian 2,000 

Slovenian 2,000 

Flemish 2,000 

Welsh 2,000 

Chinese 1,000 

Spanish 1.000 

Finnish 500 

Lettic 500 

Arabic 250 

Armenian 100 

Manx 100 

Icelandic V 100 

Albanian 100 

Bulgarian, about 100 

Turkish, about 100 

Japanese, about 100 

Portugese, about 100 

Breton, about 100 

Fsthonian. about 100 

Basque, about 100 

Gypsy, about 100 

Newberry Library. — To Mr. Wal- 
ter Loomis Newberry Chicago is 
indebted for this institution, which 
easily ranks as one of the first 
libraries in Chicago. The sum be- 
queathed to the library is $2,149,- 
101. The ground occupied by the 
old Newberry homestead before 
the fire, a complete square, bounded 
by Dearborn avenue, Clark, Oak 
and Walton place, is the site of the 
superb gray stone library building,, 
a model of architecture and a home 
of learning second to none in the 
nation. In addition to the enor- 
mous amount of money stated, this 
exceptional and valuable property 



was donated. Take North Clark 
or State street cars. 

New Board of Trade Building. — 

The sixteen-story office building 
that is to replace the present board 
of trade structure is to cost $4,000,- 
000, according to a preliminary es- 
timate. Preparations for the new 
building are rapidly taking definite 
form. 

Officials of the board have been 
assured that the money needed for 
construction purposes can be easily 
obtained. The board ownes the 
fee to the ground. The commit- 
teemen are to go into the situa- 
tion thoroughly and will make 
every effort to devise a plan for a 
building that will be self-support- 
ing. The present structure has 
been a charge against the mem- 
bers and it is hoped to relieve them 
of this burden. 

The property upon which the 
proposed sixteen-story building 
will stand is one of the most valu- 
able sites in the downtown district. 
The lot is at the southwest corner 
of Pacific avenue and Jackson 
boulevard, extending to Sherman 
street. The frontage on the boule- 
vard is 173.75 feet, and the depth is 
240 feet. The last valuation on 
this ground by the board of review 
was $3,452,975, of which $935,340 
was for the building. Announce- 
ment of the plan to put up a new 
building caused the keenest inter- 
est in real estate circles because of 
the influence that the improvement 
would exercise on values in the 
neighborhood, as well as along La 
Salle street. 

Newsboys' and Bootblacks' 
Home. — At the present this is lo- 
cated at 1418 Wabash avenue, and 
can be reached by the Wabash 
avenue electric cars. This charity 
is now over thirty years old. It 
began as the Chicago Industrial 
School. It was not long, however, 
before it assumed its present pur- 
pose and name. It was the very 
first organized effort to aid the 
helpless children of this city. It 
is intended to provide a comforta- 



NEW— NEW 



173 



NEW— NEW 



ble Christian home for newsboys, 
bootblacks and other homeless, un- 
protected boys, and, if possible, to 
find them homes in the country, or 
employment in the city. The doors 
of the Home are never closed to 
anyone requesting shelter or food; 
but to cultivate independence and 
foster self-help fifteen cents is the 
price of breakfast, supper and lodg- 
ing. This the boys call paying 
their "banner." Provision is made 
bv which destitute boys may earn 
immediate living expenses by sell- 
ing the newsboys' Appeal, a small 
paper published in the interests of 
the home, or else they are loaned 
funds to buy a small stock of daily 
papers. The matron has done 
much to help the boys to become 
workers in the world in steady po- 
sitions, and she says it is a fact 
that when once a boy has felt the 
pleasure of independence, self-sup- 
port, as a rule, he never recurs to 
street life from choice. 

New County Infirmary. — The 

County Board has awarded the 
contract for the County Infirmary 
to the Ailing Construction Com- 
pany. The original bid of the Ail- 
ing company was $1,710,C00. 

There will be six ward buildings 
to accommodate 1.260 inmates, one 
building to accommodate, sixteen 
aged couples, a general hospital, a 
building for irresponsibles, and 
temporary tubercular quarters. The 
total number of charges that the 
institution will accommodate is 
2,002. Located at Dunning. 

New Hotel Brevoort. — Opened 
September 1906. 143-145 Madison 
street, Chicago. European plan. 
Model of fireproof construction. A 
magnificent structure. No better 
furnished hotel in the city. All the 
latest improvements and conveni- 
ences. Located in the very busi- 
ness center of Chicago. 

New Outdoor Relief Stations. — 

Four new stations for the outdoor 
relief department will be opened at 
the following places: Halsted and 
Forty-seventh street, Madison ave- 
nue and Sixty-third street, Blue 



Island avenue and Eighteenth 
street, Milwaukee avenue and West 
Division street. 

The following stations will be 
dispensed with: 9034 Commercial 
avenue and 6190 Wentworth Ave. 

NEWSPAPERS OF CHICAGO. 
Dailies. 

Chicago American. — 214 Madison 
street. Wm. R. Hearst, publisher. 
Daily, 1 cent. 

Chicago Daily Journal. — Founded 
April 22, 1844. The Chicago Journal 
Company, publisher, Journal Build- 
ing, 117-123 Market street. John C. 
Eastman, editor. The Journal is de- 
livered by carrier for 30 cents a 
month, or sent by mail to any address 
in North America for 30 cents a 
month, or $3.00 a year. 

Chicago Daily News. — 123 Fifth 
avenue. Victor F. Lawson, editor and 
publisher. Terms of subscription, by 
carrier, 30 cents per month; by mail, 
$4.00 per year. 

Chicago Evening Post. — The Chi- 
cago Evening Post Company, pub- 
lisher, 160 Washington street. Terms 
of subscription, by carrier in Chi- 
cago, delivered, per week, 12 cents; 
delivered, per month, 50 cents. By 
mail, payable in advance. Postage 
paid in the United States outside of 
the Chicago city limits: 

One Year $4.00 

Six Months 2.00 

Three Months 1.25 

One Month 50 

Saturday Only, One Year 1.00 

Wednesday (College Edition) . . . 1.00 
Friday (Literary Review) 1.00 

Chicago Examiner. — 146 Franklin 
street. Wm. R. Hearst, publisher. 
Daily, 1 cent; Sunday, 5 cents. 

Chicago Inter Ocean. — Daily and 
Sunday. George Wheeler Hinman, 
editor and publisher, 106-110 Monroe 
street. Terms of subscription, by 
mail in advance. (Outside of Chicago 
postage is prepaid in the United 
States and Mexico) : 

Daily edition, one year $4.00 

Daily edition, six months 2.00 

Daily edition, per month 50 

Daily and Sunday, one year 6.50 

Daily and Sunday, one month... .75 

Sunday, one year 2.50 

Sunday edition, one month 25 

By Carrier in Chicago — 
Daily (six days), per month.... $ .55 
Daily and Sunday, per month... .80 
Sunday only, per month. 25 

Chicago Record-Herald. — Compris- 
ing The Chicago Herald, The Chicago 
Times, The Chicago Record. Frank 
B. Noyes, editor and publisher. Rec- 
ord-Herald Building. 154 Washington 
street. The Chicago Record-Herald, 
six days a week; The Sunday Record- 
Herald every Sunday. Delivered by 
carrier in Chicago. 




The Record-Herald Building, 154 Washington Street. 



(174) 



NEW— NEW 



175 



NOR— NOR 



Daily, except Sunday, per month. $ .55 
Daily and Sunday, per month... .80 

Sunday only, per month 25 

Terms of subscription, outside Chi- 
cago, by mail, postage prepaid in the 
United States and Mexico. Terms: 
One year, daily, $4.00; daily and Sun- 
day, $6.50. One month, 50 cents; daily 
and Sunday, 75 cents. Sunday edi- 
tion only, one month, 25 cents; one 
year, $2.50. 

The Chicago Tribune. — Tribune 
Building, southeast corner Dearborn 
and Madison streets. The Tribune 
Company, publisher. Founded June 
10 1847. Terms of subscription, by 
mail in advance. Postage paid in the 
United States (outside of Chicago 
city limits) and in Mexico: 
Daily, without Sunday, 1 year.. $4. 00 
Daily, without Sunday, 6 months 2.00 
Daily, without Sunday, 3 months 1.25 
Daily, without Sunday 2 months.. 1.00 
Daily, without Sunday, 1 month. .50 

Daily, with Sunday, 1 year 6.50 

Daily, with Sunday, 6 months... 3.25 
Daily, with Sunday, 3 months... 2.00 

Daily, with Sunday, 1 month 75 

Sunday issue, 1 year 2.50 

Sunday issue, 1 month 25 

By Carrier in Chicago — 

Daily (6 days), per month $ .55 

Daily and Sunday, per month. . . .80 
Sunday only, per month 25 

Newspapers. — There are 750 news- 
papers and periodicals published in 
Chicago. The following is a list of 
the leading papers. The circulation 
of several of the more important ex- 
ceed 300,000: 

Chicago Tribune, 143 Dearborn 
street. 

Inter Ocean, 108 and 110 Monroe 
street. 

The Record Herald, 154 Washing- 
ton street. 

The Chicago Examiner, 146 Frank- 
lin street. 

Chicago Daily News, 123 Fifth ave- 
nue. 

Chicago Journal, 117 Market street. 

Chicago Evening Post, 160 Wash- 
ington street. 

Chicago American, 214 Madison 
street. 

Abendpost Co., 173 Fifth avenue. 

Chicago Arbeiter Zeitung, 45 North 

Chicago Daily Socialist, 180 Wash- 
ington street. 

Chicago Daily Sun, U. S. Yards. 

Daily Trade Record, 147 Fifth ave- 

Jewish Courier, 473 Halsted street. 
Polish Daily News, 102-104 West Di- 
vision street. 

Staats-Zeitung, 94 Fifth avenue. 

New Theaters. — The theatrical 
importance of Chicago constantly 
is attracting new investments in 
the way of theaters. Within the 
last two years several important 
playhouses have been erected at 
heavy outlay for sites, buildings, 



and furnishings. The Princess thea- 
ter was completed last year and is 
devoted to musical comedy. The 
College theater, a stock house, said 
to be one of the finest in the coun- 
try, and which was built by the 
Paulist Fathers, is doing a big 
business on the north side. The 
newest theater is the National, at 
Halsted and Sixty-third streets, 
which was opened December 31, 
1908. Plans for other playhouses 
within the Loop have been com- 
pleted and operations thereon will 
begin this spring. The Star and 
Garter, devoted to burlesque, and 
the Empire, also a burlesque thea- 
ter, both on the West Side, were 
opened last year and are enjoying 
profitable returns. 

North Side.— The North Side 
contains all the territory north of 
the Chicago River and east of the 
North Branch. 

Northwestern University is lo- 
cated in Evanston, which is the 
most beautiful suburb of Chicago, 
and is one of the best and most 
healthy summer resorts on the 
great lakes, having all the advan- 
tages of city, and all the enjoy- 
ments of rural life. It is a model 
university village, and unusually 
free from immoral influences. By 
the laws of the State the sale of 
intoxicating liquor is forbidden 
within four miles of the university. 
The university campus contains 
thirty acres on the shore of Lake 
Michigan. The buildings are 
shaded by native oaks, through 
which one catches glimpses of the 
blue waters of the great lake. 
There are connected with the uni- 
versity 111 professors and instruct- 
ors, and more than 1,900 students. 

In all the departments the high- 
est advantages of education are 
given at a moderate cost. 

The university includes the fol- 
lowing departments: 

The College of Liberal Arts, 
which has four regular courses of 
study, and opportunity for a select 
course. 

The College of Medicine. 

The College of Law. 




(176) 



NUM— OAK 



177 



OFF— OFF 



Number of Horses in the City. — 

At the beginning of the year 1908 
there were 77.141 horses in the 
city. 

Number of Vehicles in the City. 

— One horse, 39,936; two horses. 
21,005; three horses, 417; four 
horses, 34; single autos, 1,344; dou- 
ble autos, 2,321; auto trucks, 68. 
Total vehicles, 65,125. 

Oakwoods Cemetery. — This is 
another of the beautiful park-like 
places of this city's enterprise, in 
which the departed have final sep- 
ulcher. The grounds, containing 
200 acres, are on the east side of 
Cottage Grove avenue at Sixty- 
seventh street and Greenwood ave- 
nue. They contain four charming 
lakes, each one of which covers 
from three to four acres in extent. 
Eight large greenhouses, in which 
almost every variety of plant is 
grown, are also a part of the pos- 
sessions of this noted cemetery, be- 
sides a very handsome cottage for 
the use of the superintendent, a 
commodious receiving vault and a 
chapel tend to further the comple- 
tion of the improvements. 

Oak Park. — Oak Park is nine 
miles from Chicago, and has a 
population of 18.060. It is an ideal 
and delightful suburb, the streets 
are wide and lined with stately 
trees. The little city takes first 
rank in educational and religious 
ways. The Scoville Institute is lo- 
cated here and is combined with 
the Oak Park Library. The library 
contains 18,000 volumes. The ref- 
erence room is visited by several 
hundred daily, not only by the Oak 
Park people, but by the surround- 
ing suburbs also. 

Office Building's. 

Adams, 230 Adams street. 

Adams Express, 185 Dearborn street. 

American Express, 72x74 Monroe 
street. 

American Trust, Clark and Monroe 
streets. 

Arcade, 156 Clark street. 

Ashland, Clark and Randolph streets. 

Assessors' Building, 76-82 Fifth 
avenue. 

Association, 153-155 La Salle street. 

Art Institute, Michigan avenue, op- 
posite Adams street. 



Athenaeum, 52 Dearborn street. 

Athenaeum, 18 to 26 Van Buren 
street. 

Atlantic, Jackson boulevard and 
Canal street. 

Atlas, 35 to 43 Randolph street. 

Atwood Building, Madison and 
Clark streets. 

Auditorium, Congress street and 
Wabash avenue. 

Avoca, 34 North Clark street. 

Baldwin, 257 Wabash avenue. 

Baltimore, 17-21 Quincy street. 

Bassett, 191 Fifth avenue. 

Bay State, State and Randolph 
streets. 

Bedfbrd, 215 Dearborn street. 

Bigelow, 191 Clark street. 

Blatchford Building, 48 North Clin- 
ton street. 

Burton, 39 North State street. 

Board of Trade, Jackson boulevard 
and La Salle street. 

Boddie Building, 128 Clark street. 

Borden, Randolph and Dearborn 
streets. 

Bonheur Building, 40 River street. 

Boon, 337 Franklin street. 

Booth & Co., 152 Kinzie street. 

Bovee, 112-114 Dearborn street. 

Boylston, 265-269 Dearborn street. 

Brand Art Building, 73 Jackson 
boulevard. 

Brentanos Building, 206 Wabash 
avenue. 

Brother Jonathan, 4 Sherman street. 

Borland, Monroe and La Salle 
strppts 

Buckeye, 369 West Van Buren 
street. 

Bulkley, 481 West Madison street. 

Burgoyne, 32 Michigan avenue. 

Bush Temple of Music, North Clark 
street and Chicago avenue. 

Butler Building, 48 State street. 

Cable, 24 Jackson boulevard. 

Calumet, 187-191 La Salle street. 

Caledonia Building„167 Washington 
street. 

Cambridge, 56 Fifth avenue. 

Caxton, 328 Dearborn street. 

C, B. & Q. R. R., Adams and Frank- 
lin streets. 

Central Bank Building, 155 Wash- 
ington street. 

Central Trust Company, 148 Mon- 
roe street. 

Central Union, 269 Madison street. 

Ceylon, Wabash avenue and Lake 
street. 

Chamber of Commerce, Washington 
and La Salle streets. 

Champlain, State and Madison 
streets. 

Chemical Bank Building, 85 Dear- 
born street. 

Chicago Furniture Exchange Build- 
ing, 370 Wabash avenue. 

Chicago Historical Society, Dear- 
born avenue and Ontario street. 

Chicago & Northwestern Railway, 
Jackson boulevard and Franklin 
street. 

Chicago Opera House, Clark and 
Washington streets. 

Chicago Public Library, Washing- 
ton street and Michigan avenue. 



OFF— OFF 

Chicago Stock Exchange Building, 
La Salle and Washington streets. 

Chicago Savings Bank Building, 
State and Madison streets. 

Chicago Title and Trust Building, 
100 Washington street. 

Chronicle, 166 Washington street. 

Church, Thomas, Building, 151 Wa- 
bash avenue. 

Cisco, 84-86 Washington street. 

City Hall, Washington and La 
Salle streets. 

Clinton. 215 South Clinton street. 

Cobb, 124-126 Dearborn street. 

Coliseum, The, Wabash avenue, be- 
tween Fourteenth and Fifteenth 
streets. 

Colonial, 51 Jackson boulevard. 

Columbus Memorial, State and 
Washington streets. 

Commerce, 263 La Salle street. 

Commercial Building, 100 Lake 
street. 

Commercial Building, 144 Franklin 
street. 

Como, 325 Dearborn street. 

Continental, 133 Jackson boulevard. 

Cook County Jail, Dearborn avenue 
and Illinois street. 

Cosmopolitan, 41 State street. 

Couch, 201 Lake street. 

Counselman, La Salle street and 
Jackson boulevard. 

County Building, Clark and Wash- 
ington streets. 

Crane Company, 519 South Canal 
strppf 

Crilly, 167 Dearborn street. 

Criminal Court, Michigan street and 
Dearborn avenue. 

Crown, 211 Wabash avenue. 

Dexter, 80 to 82 Adams street. 

Dickey, 34 to 36 Dearborn street. 
Donohue & Henneberry 407 Dearborn 
street. 

Doggett Building, 34 Wabash ave- 
nue. 

Douglas Arcade, Thirty-sixth street 
and Cottage Grove avenue. 

Douglas, 76 Dearborn street. 

Dunn, 76 West Jackson boulevard. 

Dyche, State and Randolph streets. 

Edison, 139 Adams street. 

Eighth Regiment Armory, 414 Thir- 
ty-seventh street. 

Electric Building, 72 Market street. 

Electrical Building, 139 West Jack- 
son boulevard. 

Elks, 163 Washington street. 

Ellsworth, 353-359 Dearborn street. 

Ely Block, Wabash avenue and 
Monroe street. 

Empire Block, 130 La Salle street. 

Enterprise Building, 79-81 Fifth 
avenue. 

Equitable Building, 110 Dearborn 
street. 

Ewing Block, 20-32 North Clark 
street. 

Eureka Building, 155 West Madison 
street. 

Exchange Building, Union Stock 
Yards. 

Fairbanks Building, 58 to 62 Wa- 
bash avenue. 

Farwell Building, 148 Market street. 

Farwell Trust, 226 La Salle street. 



178 



OFF— OFF 



Fayon Building, 322 Washington 
street. 

Federal Building, Adams, Clark and 
Dearborn streets and Jackson boule- 
vard. 

Field, Marshall, & Co., Wabash ave- 
nue and Washington street. 

Fine Arts, 203-207 Michigan ave- 
nue. 

Firmenich, 171 Washington street. 

First Infantry, I. N. G., Armory, 
Sixteenth street and Michigan ave- 
nue. 

First National Bank, Dearborn and 
Monroe streets. 

Fisher, Dearborn and Van Buren 
streets. 

Forbes, 193 Washington street. 

Foreman's, 214 State street. 

Francis, Monroe and South Jeffer- 
son streets. 

Franklin Block, 242 South Water 
street. 

Franklin, 349 Dearborn. 

Franklin Electric, 346 Dearborn 
street. 

Fraternity, 70 Adams street. 

Fort Dearborn, Monroe and Clark 
streets. 

Fullerton, 94 and 96 Dearborn street. 

Furniture Manufacturers' Exhibit, 
1411 Michigan avenue. 

Gaff, 230 La Salle street. 

Galbraith, Madison and Franklin 

Gardner's, 171-173 Randolph street. 

Gateley, 24 Adams street. 

Gazzolo, 82-84 West Madison street. 

George Building, 167 Fifth avenue. 

Giles, 292-304 Wabash avenue. 

Girard, 208 Dearborn street. 

Glickauf Block, 81-83 North Clark 
street. 

Grand Opera House, 87 Clark street. 

Graphic Art, 309 Michigan avenue. 

Great Northern, 77 Jackson boule- 
vard. 

Grocers, 29-43 Wabash avenue. 

Grove r, 28 Wabash avenue. 

Hampden, 12 and 14 State street. 

Hartford Building, Dearborn and 
Madison streets. 

Harvester, 235 Michigan avenue. 

Haymarket, Theater, 161-169 West 
Madison street. 

Herald, 154 Washington street. 

Henrietta, 64-66 Wabash avenue. 

Heyworth, Wabash avenue and 
Madison street. 

Hamilton National Bank Building, 

Hobbs, 95 Washington street. 

Hoops, 167 Wabash avenue. 

Home Insurance, La Salle and 
Adams streets. 

Howland, 192 Dearborn street. 

Hoyne, 88 and 90 La Salle street. 

Huyler's, 155 State street. 

Hyman, 146 South Water street. 

Illinois Bank, 115 Dearborn street. 

Imperial, 252 Clark street. 

Industry, 83-87 Fifth avenue. 

Inter Ocean, 106-110 Monroe street. 

Irwin, 355-361 Wabash avenue. 

Isabella, 48 Van Buren street. 

Jefferson, 155 Jefferson street. 

Jewelers' Building, 134 Wabash ave- 
nue. 



OFF— OFF 

Kaskaski, Building, 327 Dearborn 
strict. 

Kedzie, 120-122 Randolph street. 

Kelly, 188 Lake street. 

Kent Building-, 12 Sherman street. 

Koester, 245 West Division street. 

Kranz, 78 State street. 

Kimball Hall, 243-253 Wabash ave- 
nue. 

Kent, 305 Franklin street. 

Lakeside, Clark and Adams street. 

Lakeside Press, Plymouth court 
and Polk street. 

Lafayette, 70 La Salle street. 

La Salle Building, La Salle and 
Madison streets. 

Le Moyne, 40-44 East Randolph 
street. 

Lees, 159 Fifth avenue. 

Leiter Building, 283 State street. 

Lenox, 88-90 Washington street. 

Lewis Institute, West Madison and 
South Robey. 

Longley, 11 South Water street. 

Loomis, 2-6 Clark street. 

Lowell, 308 Dearborn street. 

Ludington, Wabash avenue and 
Harmon place. 

Lumber Exchange, South Water and 
Franklin streets. 

Madison Block, 737-745 West Mad- 
ison street. 

Madlener Block, 350 Dearborn street. 

Madison, 197 Madison street. 

Majestic Building, 75 Monroe street. 

Mandel, 232-236 Fifth avenue. 

Manhattan, 307-321 Dearborn street. 

Manufacturers' Building, 18 West 
Randolph street. 

Maplewood Opera House, 1510 
North Rockwell street. 

Marine, Lake and La Salle streets. 

Marquette, Dearborn and Adams 
streets. 

Marshall Field building, northwest 
corner Wabash avenue and Washing- 
ton street. 

Masonic Temple, State and Ran- 
dolph streets. 

McClure Block, Thirty-fifth and 
Dearborn streets. 

McClurg, 215-221 Wabash avenue. 

McCormick, 73 Dearborn street. 

McConnell Block, 2-12 Astor street. 

McNeal Building, 242 Jackson boul- 
evard. 

McNeal, 128 Clark street. 

McVicker's, 78-84 Madison street. 

Medill Building, 340 Dearborn 
street. 

Mentor, 163 State street. 

Mercantile, 220-224 Adams street. 

Merchants, La Salle and Washing- 
ton streets. 

Merchants Loan and Trust, Adams 
and Clark streets. 

Metal Workers, 43 South Canal 
street. 

Methodist Church, Washington and 
Clark streets. 

Methodist Book Concern, Building, 
59 Washington street. 

Metropolitan, Randolph and La 
Salle streets. 

Meyer Building, 208 Van Buren 
street. 

Monon, 326 Dearborn street. 



179 



OFF— OFF 
and 



Monadnock, Dearborn street 
Jackson boulevard. 

Morrison, Clark and Madison 
street. 

Moxley, 74 Randolph street. 

Municipal Court, 148 Michigan ave- 
nue. 

National Life, 157-163 La Salle 
street. 

New Era, Blue Island avenue and 
Harrison street. 

New York Life Insurance, La Salle 
and Monroe streets. 

North American, 160 State street. 

North End Masonic Temple, 615 
North Clark street. 

Northern Office Building, Lake and 
La Salle streets. 

Northern Trust Building, La Salle 
and Monroe streets. 

Northwestern University Building, 
Lake and Dearborn streets. 

Occidental, 61 Market street. 

Ogden, Lake and Clark streets. 

Ohio, Wabash avenue and Congress 
street. 

Old Colony building, Dearborn and 
Van Buren streets. 

Oneonta, 71 Clark street. 

Omaha, 134 Van Buren street. 

Open Board of Trade, 260 Clark 
street. 

O'Reiley building, 207 Van Buren 
street. 

Oriental, 122 La Salle street. 

Orchestra Hall, 165 Michigan ave- 
nue. 

Ottawa, 107 Madison street. 

Otis, 138 La Salle street. 

Oxford, 84 La Salle street. 

Palmer, 266 Adams street. 

Paxton, 158 Harrison street. 

People's Gas Light & Coke Com- 
pany, Michigan avenue and Adams 
street. 

People's Institute, West Van Buren 
and Leavitt streets. 

Penang, 47 Michigan avenue. 

Pinkerton, 199 Fifth avenue. 

Plamondon, 105 South Clinton street. 

Plymouth, 303 Dearborn street. 

Postal Telegraph Building, 145 Van 
Buren street. 

Pope Building, 121 Plymouth court. 

Pontiac, Dearborn and Harrison 
streets. 

Portland, southeast corner Wash- 
ington and Dearborn streets. 

Postofflce, Dearborn, Clark and 
Adams street and Jackson boulevard. 

Produce Exchange, Clark and South 
Water streets. 

Powers, 156 Wabash avenue. 

Public Library, Washington and 
Randolph streets and Michigan ave- 
nue. 

Pullman, Adams street and Michi- 
gan avenue. 

Quinlan, 81-83 Clark street. 

Railway Exchange Building, Jack- 
son boulevard and Michigan avenue. 

Rand-McNally, 160-174 Adams 
street. 

Real Estate Board, 59 Dearborn 
street. 

Reaper, Washington and Clark 
streets. 



OFF— OFF 



180 



OFF— OLY 



Rector Building, Monroe and Clark 
streets. 

Reliance, State and Washington 
streets. 

Republic Building, State and Adams 
streets. 

Roanoke, 145 La Salle street. 

Rookery. Adams and La Salle 
streets. 

Royal Insurance, 165 Jackson boul- 
evard and 108-116 Quincy street. 

Ryerson, 49 Randolph street. 

St. Joseph, 333 Dearborn street. 

San Diego, 53 River street. 

Schiller, 103-109 Randolph street. 

Schmidt, Clybourn and North ave- 
nues. 

Second Regiment Armory, Wash- 
ington boulevard and Curtis street. 

Security, Fifth avenue and Madison 
street. 

Seventh Regiment, I. N. G., Wa- 
bash avenue and Hubbard court. 

Sheppard, Fifth avenue and Quincy 
street. 

Sibley, 2-16 North Clark street. 

Sibley Block, 200 Randolph street. 

Silversmiths, 131 Wabash avenue. 

Singer Building, 182 State street. 

Springer, 195 South Canal street. 

Stagar, 235 Wabash avenue. 

Standard Oil Company Building, 
Wabash avenue and South Water 
street. 

Star Building, 353 Dearborn street. 

Stewart, State and Washington 
st rpt* ts 

Steinway Hall, 19-21 Van Buren 
street. 

Stone, A. J., 578 West Madison 
street. 

Stoses Building, 192 Van Buren 
street. 

Studebaker, 378 Wabash avenue. 

Studio, North State street between 
Ontario and Ohio streets. 

Superior, 77-79 Clark street. 

Tacoma, La Salle and Madison 
streets. 

Taylor, 90 Wabash avenue. 

Telephone, 203 Washington street. 

Temple Court, 225 Dearborn street. 

Temple (The), La Salle and Mon- 
roe streets. 

Teutonic, Fifth avenue and Wash- 
ington street. 

Thomas, Theo., Orchestra Hall, 165 
Michigan avenue. 

Thompson Block, 229-247 West 
Madison street. 

Thorns, 166 South Clinton street. 

Times, Fifth avenue and Washing- 
ton street. 

Title and Trust, 100 Washington 
street. 

Traders' Safe and Trust Building, 

253 La Salle street. 

Tribune, Dearborn and Madison 
streets. 

Trude, Randolph street and Wa- 
bash avenue. 

Uhlick Block, 27-29 North Clark 
street. 

Unity, 75-81 Dearborn street. 

University Club, 116-118 Dearborn 
street. 



United States Express, 87 Wash- 
ington street. 

Van Buren Building, 185 Van Bur- 
en street. 

Van Buren Block, 41 West Van Bur- 
en street. 

Van Buren Opera House Building, 
1249 West Madison street. 

Venetian, 34-36 Washington street. 

Wadsworth, 181 Madison street. 

Washington, 110 Fifth avenue. 

Watson, 123 La Salle street. 

Wells, 118 Harrison street. 

Wentworth, John, Building, 45 La 
Salle street. 

Western Methodist Block Building, 
57 Washington street. 

Western Union Building, 138 Jack- 
son street. 

Wheeler, 6-8 Sherman street. 

Williams Building, 164 Wabash ave- 
nue. 

Williams, 196 Monroe street. 

Willoughby Franklin street and 
Jackson boulevard. 

Wilson, 119 La Salle street. 

Willoughby Building, 6 Madison 
street. 

Wolff, 91 Dearborn street. 

Woman's Temple, La Salle and 
Monroe streets. 

Y. M. C. A., 153-155 La Salle street. 

Y. W. C. A., 288 Michigan avenue. 

Yukon Building, 120 Van Buren 
street. 

Official Color of Ballots— In ac- 
cordance with primary election law 
in the city of Chicago: 

Republican — White. 

Democrat — Rose color. 

Prohibition — Light Blue color. 

Socialist — Salmon color. 

Independence — Purple color. 

Old Colony Building. — Located 
at Van Buren and Madison streets. 
It is 17 stories high and is a very 
handsome structure. Most of the 
offices are occupied by coal deal- 
ers. 

Old People's Home — Located at 
3850 Indiana avenue. It is open to 
those residents in Chicago for two 
years who are sixty years of age. 
An admission fee of $300 is 
charged, and inmates furnish their 
own rooms. 

Olympic Theater. — This is one 
of the oldest of the theaters, and 
is on Clark street, north of Ran- 
dolph street. It has a handsome 
auditorium running parallel with 
the street. This is a vandeville 
house, where the very best combi- 
nations, representing a varied line 
of novel specialties appear. The 



OMX— OPI 



181 



PAC— PAL 



management conducts the theater 
on the popular plan of moderate 
prices, consequently there is al- 
ways a full house. 

Omnibus and Baggage Transfer 
Rates. — Omnibuses run between 
all depots and all principal hotels, 
connecting them with the passen- 
ger trains. The rate of fare to 
and from any depot or hotel is 
fifty cents, payable in exchange for 
a ticket to the collector in the 
vehicle, or the agent on the train. 
The price charged for transferring 
baggage to and from any train, and 



j'ellow. As yet the majority of 
these opium-smokers are Mongo- 
lians, but the number of white dev- 
otees of the pipe is continually in- 
creasing. 

Packing House Odors. — In 1874 
the sanitary board passed a regu- 
lation that all packing and render- 
ing houses within the city limits 
should put in an apparatus to con- 
sume the gases from the rendering 
tanks. In compliance with this 
regulation a majority of the pack- 
ers employed the system in use at 
the agricultural works at Deptford, 




Palmer House. State and Monroe Streets. 



to and from any place in the city 
limits, is fifty cents, for the first 
piece, and for each additional piece 
25 cents. 

Opium Dens. — The vice of opium 
smoking, which always comes with 
the Chinese, has established itself 
in Chicago along with the 1,200 or 
more Chinese who live in the west- 
ern metropolis. South Clark street 
is noted for opium "joints," and 
the nightly raids of the police 
usually result in quite a haul of 
victims of the habit, both white and 



England. That is, to condense all 
the aqueous vapors, and discharge 
them into the sewers, and to pass 
the dry gases over the fire under 
the boilers; where, coming in con- 
tact with the live coals, all the ani- 
mal matter carried by the gas is 
consumed. The other establish- 
ments where this plan was not used 
adopted the plan of first carboniz- 
ing the gases and then burning 
them. Both systems were success- 
ful and resulted in much good, both 
to the city and the packing-houses. 



PAI— PAR 



182 



PAT— PAT 



Paints and Varnish. — In the 

manufacture of paints and var- 
nishes Chicago long has stood in 
the front rank. More than $22,000,- 
000 worth of these goods were 
manufactured here last year. 

Palatine. — Palatine is 26 miles 
from Chicago and has a population 
of 1,020. It has good drainage and 
all modern conveniences. Palatine 
is one of the finest farming dis- 
tricts in the northern part of Illi- 
nois. 

Palmer House. — The external ap- 
pearance of this remarkable build- 
ing and splendid hotel is such that 
it is a wonder to strangers and a 
"joy forever" to the citizens of Chi- 
cago. From 700 to 1,000 guests are 
usually accommodated in this, one 
of the largest and costliest hotels 
in the world. The new Palmer 
House was opened in the year 1873 
by Mr. Potter Palmer, who was 
then the sole proprietor and man- 
ager. This magnificent hostelry 
is at present conducted strictly on 
the European plan, which of re- 
cent years has become so popular 
with first-class hotels in the United 
States. In connection with the 
Palmer House are the famous bath 
house and barber shop, said to sur- 
pass anything of the kind in the 
United States, if not in the world. 
They merit a visit of inspection by 
strangers who desire to see the 
highest style of art bestowed on 
such places of convenience. 

The Palmer House is located in 
the very heart of the business cen- 
ter of the city and but a few min- 
utes' walk to the leading retail 
stores, banks, theaters and whole- 
sale houses, and is one of the most 
popular of Chicago's leading ho- 
tels. Mr. William C. Vierbuchen. 
who has been connected with this 
well known hostelry for many 
years, is the genial manager. 

Park Ridge. — Park Ridge is thir- 
teen miles from Chicago and has a 
population of 2,500. It has very 
many pretty homes surrounded 
with lawns. Two artesian wells 
supply water of remarkable purity. 



Patrol System.— The attention of 
strangers is frequently called to 
a wagon, drawn by a spirited team 
of horses dashing through the 
streets after the manner of a ve- 
hicle of the Fire Department. 
These wagons are painted blue; the 
occupants, from two to eight, are 
fine specimens of manhood, and 
they are uniformed in blue, with 
helmets and badges. When the 
clanging gong of the patrol wagon 
is heard, other vehicles and pedes- 
trians clear the track. These wag- 
ons, with the armed patrol, when 
seen under these circumstances, are 
going somewhere in the least pos- 
sible time, perhaps to a fire, per- 
haps to the scene of a riot, or mur- 
der, or it may be to pick up a 
common "drunk." It is possible 
they have been summoned to the 
scene of an accident, someone has 
been injured, stricken with paraly- 
sis, or taken suddenly ill. Again, 
you may see wagons moving slow- 
ly along the street. If you can 
look within you will see a person 
or persons who are not uniformed; 
they may be prisoners in manacles, 
or injured persons on stretchers, 
being conveyed as carefully as pos- 
sible to a convenient hospital, or, 
again it may be the body of an un- 
known on the way to the morgue. 
The patrol wagon system is a val- 
uable auxiliary to the Police De- 
partment. The system had its 
origin in Chicago, and it is worked 
to perfection. The number of pa- 
trol wagons is fifty-eight. From the 
patrol boxes, located at convenient 
corners, or by telephone from any 
point or place of business or resi- 
dence, a patrol wagon, containing 
from four to eight police officers, 
may be summoned at any hour of 
the day or night. The response is 
quick. The telephone and tele- 
graph are constantly employed in 
connection with the police system 
and many arrests are made in this 
way that could not have been ac- 
complished by the old methods. 
The patrol system is also an am- 
bulance corps, and renders valua- 
ble assistance in rescuing the in- 



PAW— PAW 



183 



PAW— PAW 



jured in accidents, or in carrying 
to hospitals those who are sud- 
denly stricken with illness. Besides 
the patrol wagons there are several 
regular ambulances connected with 
the department. 

Pawnbrokers. — These most use- 
ful gentry are known in Chicago 



hoc," is supposed to be derived 
from the Latin motto, in hoc signo, 
etc., its application lying in the 
fact that the pawnbroker's sign in- 
variably consists of three golden 
balls suspended in a triangle above 
the doorway. Pawn-broking is a 
business almost entirelv affected 




by various slangy and semi-face- 
tious appellations. "My Uncle's" is, 
perhaps, the commonest; but pawn- 
ing articles is variously referred to 
by the class who patronize the 
pawnshops as "spouting" and 
"hocking." The latter verb, "to 



by the Jews. The volumes of un- 
written history which are embalm- 
ed on the shelves of the pawn- 
shops of a great city are not only 
a marvel, but a pity; and the stu- 
dent of human nature and the man 
who would calculate the sum of 



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184 



PEN— PEO 



human misery would do well to 
make them prominent among his 
text-books. Should anyone desire 
to study the trials of the improvi- 
dent and the unthrifty, let him 
simply go to a pawn shop and of- 
fer some article of value, and in a 
day or two redeem it. In many 
of the better class of these places 
private stalls are provided as a 
concession to the feelings of their 
patrons, but among the lower 
classes this is dispensed with. 
Along both sides of Clark street 
and Halsted street pawn shops are 
most common; but one has not to 
seek far afield for one in any of 
the poorer quarters of Chicago. On 
State and Dearborn streets your 
high-class pawnbroker flourishes as 
a "loan agent" or "diamond bro- 
ker," and he advertises his office 
in the financial columns of the daily 
papers. These, as a rule, lend 
money only on jewels, and have 
handsomely decorated offices. The 
pawnbroker is allowed by law to 
charge 10 per cent per month on 
his loan, and to dispose of the 
goods at the expiration of one 
year, if the interest is not paid and 
the goods redeemed. They rarely 
advance over one-fourth to one- 
third of the actual value of the 
goods, and, as many of their 
pledges are never called for, their 
profits are large. Pawnbrokers' 
sales of unredeemed clothing are 
made at auction, but articles of 
value find their way into stores 
when unredeemed pledges are sold 
at private sale. The pawnbrokers' 
shops are licensed, and officers of 
the police force are assigned to in- 
vestigate the goods pawned. Into 
these places many stolen articles 
find their way and are recovered. 
It not infrequently happens that 
pawn shops are used as "fences" 
by thieves where they unload their 
plunder and receive a small amount 
on the value of the goods. It is a 
dangerous business to receive stol- 
en goods, and some of these al- 



leged pawnbrokers have found 
their way to the prison at Joliet. 

Pay Rolls of County require 
money to the amount of $200,000 
per month and it took $151,382.60 
to pay the clerks and judges of the 
last election. 

Pensions. — The total amount of 
pensions paid by the United States 
between 1866 and 1908, inclusive, 
was $3,654,663,364.42, and the cost, 
maintenance and expenses of the 
organization for the payment of 
these pensions during the same pe- 
riod were $122,574,462.96, a total of 
$3,777,237,828.38, exceeding the 
amount of money in circulation in 
this country in 1907 by more than 
$1,120,000,000. Ponder this in con- 
nection with the tremendous sacri- 
fice of life and you will begin to 
realize the cost of unpreparedness. 
The Chicago Pension Office dis- 
burses at least $8,000,000 per year. 

Peoples' Gas Building. — This 
building is located at No. 150 Mich- 
igan avenue and has a frontage of 
196 feet. It has been designed for 
office purposes exclusively and em- 
bodies all modern features calcu- 
lated to make it most attractive 
and desirable for office use. The 
building is to be twenty stories in 
height, and of modern fireproof 
steel construction. Exterior, gran- 
ite and terra cotta; interior, finish- 
ed throughout in mahogany, white 
marble and bronze. The plan con- 
templates a central light court, 60 
x70 feet in area, extending up to 
the seventeenth floor, above which 
level the area will be increased to 
98x76 feet. The court will be open- 
ed at the top, and the interior 
walls will be finished in white 
enamel brick, thus insuring excel- 
lent light and ventilation to the in- 
side offices. The latest improve- 
ments and devices in office build- 
ing construction and equipment will 
be installed, so as to insure first- 
class service and cleanliness. Am- 
ple toilet rooms, equipped with the 
most modern sanitary appliances, 
and also manicure rooms and bar- 
ber shop, will be located on the 



PEO— PER 



185 



PET— PIA 



tenth floor. There will be fourteen 
passenger elevators and one freight 
elevator of the latest and safest 
type, installed on the north side of 
the building. Some of the eleva- 
tors will be "locals" to the elev- 
enth floor only, while the balance 
will be "express," making the first 
stop at the tenth floor. Porcelain 
lavatories throughout. Efficient 
service in all departments will be 
maintained. The usual janitor 
service, except as regards the first 
floor and attic, will be included in 
the rental price. Gas or electric 
light will be supplied at current 
rates. The central location of the 
Peoples' Gas building on the street 
which is destined to be one of the 
finest boulevards in the world, to- 
gether with exceptionally good 
light and air, and comparative 
quiet, are features which are espe- 
cially to be desired. Size of build- 
ing, 171x196 feet. Cost, $3,500,000. 
About 1,400 offices. Absolutely 
modern in every detail. East In- 
dia mahogany throughout. Open 
May 1, 1910. All applications for 
space or further particulars should 
be made to Marshall Clark, agent, 
157 Michigan avenue. Telephone 
Central 1076. 

Pertinent Statistics. — St. James 
church is the oldest Episcopal 
church in this city. , 

The city was first lighted by gas 
September, 1850. 

In 1800 the population of Illi- 
nois was 2,458. 

The first newspaper printed in 
Chicago was published November 
26. 1833. 

Where the postofflce now stands 
there was wolf-hunting in 1834. 

There was rejoicing in 1833 that 
goods could be transported from 
New York to St. Louis in the short 
space of twenty-three days. 

The longest street is Western 
avenue, twenty-two miles in ex- 
tent. 

Chicago was originally platted 
and surveyed August 4, 1830, in- 
corporated as a town February 11, 
1835, as a city March 4, 1837. 

The city is twenty-six miles long, 



greatest width fifteen miles, total 
area 190 square miles. Lake front- 
age twenty-two miles, 4,152.73 
miles of streets, of which 1,324.60 
are improved. Fifty-nine miles are 
boulevards. Park area, 2,232 acres. 
The great fire began October 8, 
1871, by the upsetting of a lamp 
by Mrs. O'Leary's ill-tempered cow, 
and burned until extinguished by 
a rain the morning of October 10. 
There were 2,100 acres of land 
burned over, 18,000 buildings de- 
stroyed, and 100,000 people ren- 
dered homeless by the calamity. 
Estimated loss, $200,000,000. 

Pet Animals. — Chicagoans are 
as fond of tame animals as any 
people in the world, and liberal 
space of Chicago nouses, with 
large yards, gives better opportu- 
nities for the rearing of such crea- 
tures than is possessed by the dwel- 
lers in New York or other eastern 
cities. Many costly cats, dogs, etc., 
are owned in this city. 

Pharmacy, Colleges of. — The Il- 
linois College of Pharmacy, a de- 
partment of Northwestern Uni- 
versity, is located at 40 Dearborn 
street, and is attended by nearly 
300 students. 

Pneumonia. — P neumonia is 
classed as one of the infectious 
diseases. The germs that cause it 
are among the commonest known. 
They are found in the throats of 
most people that are suffering from 
colds, sore throats, and influenza. 
They develop into pneumonia when 
the person is of low vitality and 
has little or no resisting power. 

Pneumonia is one of the bad air 
diseases, and the best prevention 
is plenty of good, fresh air and 
sunshine all the time, and deep 
breathing. 

Piano Producing Center. — That 
Chicago should have become with- 
in the past ten years the principal 
piano producing center of the 
United States is not surprising to 
those who have watched the com- 
mercial growth of the city and who 
are conversant with its industrial 
activities. Of a total of some 310,- 



PIA— PLA 



186 



PLA— PLA 



000 pianos manufactured in this 
country in 1908, approximately 80,- 
000 were produced in Chicago 
alone. 

Considering the fact that the 
industry of piano making in Chi- 
cago began in 1884, this advance 
of the industry to a position of pre- 
eminence within twenty-four years 
is surprising. 

A prime factor which enters into 
the favorable consideration of the 
Chicago piano product by the trade 
is the uniform high character of 
the local manufactured article. 
Within the past ten years this 
standard of quality has been greatly 
improved until today the eastern 
manufacturers are reluctantly com- 
pelled to admit the unquestionable 
merits of the Chicago built article. 

Assuming that the retail value of 
the entire output of pianos in the 
United States is $90,000,000 a year, 
the volume of business done by the 
Chicago manufacturers annually 
will not fall far short of $23,000,000. 
The value of musical instruments 
manufactured in Chicago in 1908 
was $30,070,000. 

The manufacture of musical in- 
struments of other kinds, used by 
bands, is an important branch of 
the industry which is making rapid 
strides. Not only have the manu- 
facturers of Chicago become for- 
midable competitors of the eastern 
makers, but the Chicago jobbers 
of musical instruments of all kinds 
are an important adjunct in the 
distribution here of eastern made 
goods. The eastern and western 
manufacturers are working in har- 
mony, thanks to the organization 
several years ago of the National 
Piano Manufacturers' Association. 

Places of Interest. — Academy of 
Sciences Museum in Lincoln Park. 

Cemeteries — Graceland, Rosehill, 
Calvary. 

Fort Sheridan, near Highwood. 

Grant, Lincoln, Schiller, Goethe 
and other monuments in Lincoln 
Park. 

Historical Society library and 
collection. Dearborn avenue and 
Ontario street. 



Lake Shore drive. 

Lincoln Park conservatories and 
zoo. 

Newberry Library, Clark street 
and Walton place. 

Northwestern University, in 
Evanston. 

Waterworks, Chicago avenue, 
near lake. 

Armour Institute of Technology, 
3300 Armour avenue. 

Art Institute galleries of paint- 
ings, sculptures and art collections, 
on the lake front, foot of Adams 
street. 

Auditorium tower, Wabash ave- 
nue and Congress street ; view of 
city. 

Blackstone branch library, Lake 
avenue and Forty-ninth street. 

Board of Trade, La Salle street 
and Jackson boulevard; admission 
to gallery. 

Cahokia courthouse, on Wooded 
Island, in Jackson Park. 

Caravels, in Jackson Park. 

Central Trust Comnany building, 
interior mural decoration, 148 Mon- 
roe street. 

Chamber of Commerce building 
(interior). La Salle and Washing- 
ton streets. 

Chicago Normal School, Sixty- 
eighth street and Stewart avenue. 

Confederate monument in Oak- 
woods cemetery. 

County Building, Clark and Ran- 
dolph streets. 

Crerar Library, 87 Wabash ave- 
nue, sixth floor. 

Douglas monument, Thirty-fifth 
street and Ellis avenue. 

Drexel, Grand and Fifty-fifth 
street boulevards. 

Field Museum, in Jackson Park. 

Fort Dearborn site tablet, 1 
River street, opposite Rush street 
bridge. 

Grand Army Hall, in Public Li- 
brary Building, Randolph street 
and Michigan avenue. 

Iroquois Theater fire, scene of, 
79-83 Randolph street. 

Jackson Park, site of World's Fair 
in 1893. 

Life-saving Station, at mouth of 
Chicago River. 



PLA— PLA 



187 



PLA— PLA 



Logan statue in Grant Park (lake 
front). 

Marquette Building sculpture pan- 
els, Dearborn and Adams streets. 

Masonic Temple; view of city 
from roof. 

Massacre monument in Eigh- 
teenth street and drainage canal. 

Midway Plaisance. 

Montgomery Ward tower, Michi- 
gan avenue and Madison street; 
view of city. 

McKinley statue in McKinley 
Park. 

Orchestra Hall, 168 Michigan 
avenue. 

Postoffice, on square bounded by 
Adams, Clark and Dearborn streets 
and Jackson boulevard. 

Public Library, Michigan avenue 
and Washington street. 

Pullman, suburb and manufac- 
tory. 

South Water street; commission 
house district. 

State street department stores; 
shopping district. 

Stockyards, Halsted and Root 
streets. 

University of Chicago quadran- 
gles, Ellis avenue and Fifty-eighth 
street. 

Washington statue, Grand boule- 
vard and Fifty-first street. 

Wendell Phillips high school, 
Prairie avenue and Thirty-ninth 
street. 

Wooded Island, in Jackson Park. 

Ashland, Garfield, Humboldt, 
Washington and Garfield boule- 
vards. 

Douglas Park. 

Drainage Canal. 

Ghetto district, on South Canal, 
Jefferson and Maxwell streets; fish 
market on Jefferson street from 
Twelfth to Maxwell. 

Haymarket square, Randolph and 
Des Plaines streets; scenes of an- 
archist riot. 

Hull House, 335 South Halsted 
street. 

Humboldt Park. 

Humboldt. Leif Ericson, Reuter 
and Kosciusko monuments, in 
Humboldt Park. 



Parental School, St. Louis and 
Berwyn avenues. 

Police monument (Haymarket), 
in Union Park. 

Play Parks. 

Armour Square. — Ten acres. 
Lies between Thirty-third and 
Thirty-fourth streets, Fifth and 
Shields avenues. May be reached 
from down town on the Wentworth 
avenue cars. 

Bessemer Park. — 22.88 acres. 
Lies in South Chicago between 
Eighty - ninth and Ninety - first 
streets, South Chicago and Muske- 
gon avenues. May be best reached 
from down town by Illinois Cen- 
tral Railroad and the South Side 
Elevated to Sixty-third street and 
Jackson Park avenue, and the 
Windsor Park and South Chicago 
surface lines. 

Cornell Square. — Ten acres. Lies 
between Fiftieth and Fifty-first, 
Wood and Lincoln streets. May be 
reached from down town on State 
street or other car lines connecting 
with the Fifty-first street cross 
town car lines. 

Davis Square. — Ten acres. Lies 
between Forty-fourth and Forty- 
fifth streets, Marshfield and Her- 
mitage avenues. May be reached 
from down town on the Ashland 
avenue surface cars. 

Hamilton Park. — 29.95 acres. 
Lies between Seventy-second and 
Seventy-fourth streets, Chicago, 
Rock Island and Chicago Western 
Indiana Railroad tracks. May be 
reached from down town on the 
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific 
Railroad and the Wentworth ave- 
nue surface lines. 

Hardin Square. — 7.41 acres. Lies 
between Twenty-fifth and Twenty- 
sixth streets, Wentworth avenue 
and the Rock Island Railroad. May 
be reached from down town by the 
Wentworth avenue cars. It has 
not yet been improved, but it is 
expected that the work of con- 
struction will be completed by the 
spring of 1909. 

Mark White Square. — Ten acres. 



PLA— PLA 



188 



POL— POL 



Lies between Twenty-ninth and 
Thirtieth, Halsted and Poplar 
streets. May be reached from down 
town on the Halsted street cars. 

Ogden Park. — 60.54 acres. Lies 
between Sixty-fourth and Sixty- 
seventh streets, Center avenue and 
Loomis street. May be 'reached 
from down town by Center avenue 
cars. 

Palmer Park. — 40.48 acres. Lies 
between One Hundred and Elev- 
enth and One Hundred and Thir- 
teenth streets. South Park and In- 
diana avenues. May be reached 
from down town on the Illinois 
Central Railroad and the South 
Side Elevated road to Sixty-third 
street and South Park avenue and 
the West Pullman surface lines. 

Russell Square. — 11.47 acres. Lies 
in South Chicago between Eighty- 
third street and Illinois, Bond and 
Houston avenues. May be reached 
from down town on the Illinois 
Central Railroad and the South 
Side Elevated to Sixty-third street 
and Madisoa avenue, and the Ham- 
mond and Whiting surface lines. 

Sherman Park. — 60.60 acres. Lies 
between Fifty-second street and 
Garfield boulevard, Center avenue 
and Loomis street. May be reached 
from down town by the Center 
avenue cars. 

Square No. 14. — Ten acres. Lies 
between Forty - fifth street and 
Forty-sixth place. Princeton ave- 
nue and Fort Wayne & Chicago 
Railroad. It has not yet been im- 
proved, but it is expected that the 
work of construction will be com- 
pleted by the end of 1909. May be 
reached by Wentworth avenue cars 
to Forty-fifth street. 

No. 15 Park. — 19.16 acres. Lies 
between Seventy-sixth and Sev- 
enty-eighth streets and Dobson 
and Ingleside avenues. May be 
reached from down town by Illi- 
nois Central or Lake Shore or Fort 
Wayne Railroad to Grand Crossing 
and by Cottage Grove avenue sur- 
face cars. Not yet improved. 

No. 16 Park.— 18.52 acres. Lies 
between One Hundred and Third 



and One Hundred and Fifth streets, 
Oglesbe and Bensley avenues, May 
be reached by the Commercial ave- 
nue cars from South Chicago at 
One Hundred and Fourth street 
and Torrence avenue. Not yet im- 
proved. 

No. 17 Park. — Twenty acres. Lies 
on west side of Carondolet avenue, 
between One Hundred and Thir- 
tieth and One Hundred and Thirty- 
second streets. May be reached by 
the Chicago & Western Indiana 
Railroad to Hegewisch station, or 
the Fort Wayne Railroad to Burn- 
ham. Not yet improved. 

Police Arrests. — The total number 
of arrests by the police department 
of Chicago in 1908 was 58,002, of 
which 51.206 were males and 6,796 
females. Of those, arrested 2,049 
were under sixteen years of age; 
7,807 between sixteen and twenty; 
13,138 between twenty and twenty- 
five; 9,874 between twenty-five and 
thirty; 13,552 between thirty and 
forty; 7,767 between forty and fifty; 
2,801 between fifty and sixty, and 
1,014 over sixty. 

Of the charges brought against 
the prisoners 35,650 were for dis- 
orderly conduct, 5,420 for larceny, 
1,561 for gambling, 2,325 for as- 
sault, 1,415 for burglary, 719 for 
robbery, 25 for manslaughter, and 
73 for murder. 

Police Department. — The total 
amount of money appropriated for 
the expenses of the department for 
the year was 5,610,845.26, which in- 
cludes the Municipal Lodging 
House and Dog Pound. 

The total amount of money ex- 
pended during the year was $5,388.- 
110.01. 

The estimated value of property 
in the department, consisting of 
real estate, furniture, horses, vehi- 
cles, stationery, etc., is $1,869,977.30. 

The number of arrests made dur- 
ing the year was: Felonies, 10,653; 
state misdemeanors, 8,345; viola- 
tion of city ordinances, 44,134; 
making a total of 63,132 arrests. 
Included among the cases disposed 
of were 4,056 cases held to the 



POL— POL 



189 



POL— POL 



Grand Jury and Juvenile Court, 
and 25,307 persons were fined. To- 
tal amount of fines imposed was 
$477,369. The value of all property 
recovered and returned to owners, 
including horses and vehicles lost 
and stolen, amounted to $498,- 
571.63. 

There are 466 commanding of- 
ficers in the department, 3,636 pa- 
trolmen and 427 other employes, 
making a total of 4,529 employes in 
the department. 

Three hundred and fifty-one fugi- 
tives from justice were returned 
to other cities and 122 were traced 
to other cities and returned to Chi- 
cago. 

Three hundred . and thirty-nine 
officers were injured while in the 
discharge of their duties. Forty-one 
officers died during the year, and 
of this number two were killed. 

A uniform department where a 
register is kept of clothes pur- 
chased and an inspection of uni- 
forms is made every three months. 
The result has been a great im- 
provement in the appearance of the 
men. A new cap and a new shield 
were created during the year, 
which met with hearty approval by 
the public. 

A department which has greatly 
increased its work is that of the 
Bureau of Identification, where 
14,647 photographs were finshed 
with the descriptions written on 
them, and 3,455 finger prints were 
taken. Five hundred and seventy- 
six finger prints were identified and 
310 reports furnished the Board of 
Pardons, and it has also been of 
great assistance to the municipal 
judges when desiring records of 
persons brought before them. Out 
of 1,660 suspects brought to the 
bureau, 655, or over 39 per cent, 
were identified. 

POLICE STATIONS. 

CENTRAL DIVISION. 

1st District, 1st Precinct, 181 
East Washington street. 
2d District, South Chicago. 
147 Milwaukee avenue. 



FIRST DIVISION HEADQUARTERS. 

Harrison and La Salle Streets. 

2d District, 2d Precinct, Harri- 
son and La Salle streets. 

2d District, 3d Precinct, 318 
Twenty-second street, corner Went- 
worth avenue. 

2d District, 4th Precinct, 2523 
Cottage Grove avenue. 

3d District, 5th Precinct, 144 
Thirty-fifth street (Stanton ave- 
nue). 

3d District, 6th Precinct, Thirty- 
fifth street, near Halsted street. 

3d District, 7th Precinct, 2913 
Loomis street, near Archer avenue. 

3d District, 8th Precinct, Cali- 
fornia avenue, near Thirty-eighth 
street (Brighton Park). 

SECOND DIVISION HEADQUARTERS. 

Fifty-Third Street and Lake Ave. 

4th District, 10th Precinct, Fifty- 
third street, corner Lake avenue. 

4th District, 11th Precinct, Fif- 
tieth street, corner State. 

5th District, 12th Precinct, 6344 
Grace avenue (Woodlawn). 

5th District, 13th Precinct, Dob- 
son, near Seventy-fifth street. 

5th District, 14th Precinct, Ken- 
sington and Front. 

6th District, 15th Precinct, 
Eighty-ninth street and Exchange 
avenue. 

6th District, 16th Precinct, Hege 
wisch. 

7th District, 17th Precinct, Sixty 
fourth street and Wentworth ave 
nue. 

7th District, 18th Precinct, 
Eighty-fifth street, South Green 
street and Vincennes avenue. 

8th District, 19th Precinct, West 
Forty-seventh place and South Hal- 
sted street. 

8th District, 20th Precinct, Forty- 
seventh and Paulina streets. 

THIRD DIVISION HEADQUARTERS. 

South Desplaines Street and Waldo 
Place. 

9th District, 21st Precinct, South 
Morgan and Maxwell streets (West 
Thirteenth place). 

9th District, 22d Precinct, 187 
Canalport avenue. 

9th District, 23d Precinct. 691 



POL— POL 

West Twenty-first and Paulina 
streets. 

15th District, 24th Precinct, 
West Thirteenth street and South 
Oakley avenue. 

15th District, 25th Precinct, 942 
Millard avenue. 

10th District, 27th Precinct, 19 
South Des Plaines. 

10th District, 28th Precinct, 609 
West Lake. 

15th District, 29th Precinct, 526 
Warren avenue. 

15th District, 30th Precinct, West 
Lake, corner Forty-third avenue. 

15th District, 31st Precinct, Lake 
and Central avenue, Austin. 

FOURTH DIVISION HEADQUARTERS. 

233 West Chicago Avenue Station. 

11th District, 32d Precinct, 233 
West Chicago avenue. 

11th District, 33d Precinct, 99 
West North avenue. 

11th District, 34th Precinct, 480 
West North avenue. 

14th District, 35th Precinct, Mil- 
waukee avenue, corner Attrill 
street. 

14th District, 36th Precinct, Mil- 
waukee avenue, corner Irving Park 
boulevard. 

14th District, 37th Precinct, 
Grand avenue, corner Blooming- 
dale. 

FIFTH DIVISION HEADQUARTERS. 

242 East Chicago Avenue Station. 

12th District, 38th Precinct, 242 
Chicago avenue. 

12th District, 39th Precinct, Hud- 
son avenue and Blackhawk street. 

12th District, 40th Precinct, 958 
North Halsted street. 

13th District, 41st Precinct, Shef- 
field avenue, near Diversey. 

13th District, 42d Precinct, North 
Halsted and Addison. 

13th District, 43d Precinct, Fos- 
ter, between Robey and Winches- 
ter avenue. 

13th District, 44th Precinct, Rog- 
ers Park, Estes avenue and North 
Clark street. 

13th District, 45th Precinct, 
Grand avenue and Robey street. 

Political Organizations. — Demo- 
cratic State Committee. Sherman 



190 



POL— POL 



House, Edwardsville. County Com- 
mittee, 91 South Clark street. 

Prohibition State Committee, 
room 15-92 La Salle street; Na- 
tional Committee, 92 La Salle 
street; County Committee, room 
18, 92 La Salle street. 

Republican State Committee'; 
Cook County Central Committee, 
76 Fifth avenue. 

Single-Tax Club, 508 Schiller 
Building. 

Socialist State headquarters, 180 
Washington street; Chicago head- 
quarters, 163 Randolph street. 

Chicago Civil Service League, 
room 12, 81 Clark street. 

Chicago Political Equality 
League, 203 Michigan avenue. 

Citizens' Association of Chicago 
(nonpartisan), room 33, 92 La Salle 
street. 

City Club, 228 Clark street. 

Civic Federation (nonpartisan), 
room 520, 184 La Salle street. 

Civil Service Reform Associa- 
tion of Chicago, 810, 100 Washing- 
ton street. 

County Democracy Club, 145 
Randolph street. 

Legislative Voters' League of 
Cook County (nonpartisan), 92 La 
Salle street. 

Municipal Voters' League (non- 
partisan), 228 South Clark street. 

Referendum League, 69 Dear- 
born street. 

Political Parties. — The two great 
political parties are almost equally 
represented in Chicago, and every 
election is closely and bitterly con- 
tested. Careful attention has to 
be paid to the wishes and requests 
of every nationality, and any blun- 
der, which may transfer the vote of 
any particular nation to an oppos- 
ing candidate, usually means a dis- 
astrous defeat. The Prohibition 
party is too insignificent to be con- 
sidered; the labor party, however, 
is slowly gaining strength at each 
election. In the old city proper, 
the Democracy has now a large 
majority, but the farmers of the 
outlying districts and the country 
towns are. almost solidly Republi- 
can. 



POS— POS 



191 



POS— POS 



Post Cards. — The printing of 
post cards is an important feature 
of the printing and allied trades in 
Chicago. More than 200,000,000 sou- 
venir post cards were printed last 
year, a record achieved by no other 
city in the world. These embrace 
every design, from the novel con- 
coction in soft leather to the plain 
black and white card. This is com- 
paratively a recent industry, but it 
has grown to mammoth propor- 
tions within the last five years, and 
it is still growing. 

Postoffice Building. — Henry Ives 
Cobb, architect. Actual cost of 
building to date, February 8, 1909, 
$5,083,000. Located in the square 
bounded by Adams street on the 
north, Dearborn street on the east, 
Jackson boulevard on the south, and 
Clark street on the west, and is, 
properly speaking, in the very 
heart of the South Side business 
district. The building occupies the 
entire square. Dimensions, 311x386 
feet. Area, 120,000 square feet on 
first floor. Area, 150.000 square feet 
in basement. Main building eight 
stories high and dome eight more 
stories, making a total of sixteen 
stories. Total height, 297 feet. 
Foundation, 76 feet deep. Approxi- 
mate weight of building, 120,000 
tons. Cubical contents, 12,000.000 
feet. Design, Roman Corinthian. 
Building, fireproof; steel construc- 
tion. Foundation, limestone ma- 
sonry and supported on wooden 
piles and oak grillage. Exterior 
walls, gray granite with brick back- 
ing. Roof, book tile covered with 
vitrified tile. Dome is roofed with 
gilt glass tile. Building was started 
on passage of the act February 13, 
1895, which authorized its con- 
struction. It required about ten 
years to complete the building. Re- 
cently the interior of the building 
was beautifully decorated. 

P. O. Carrier Stations. — Hours, 
7:00 a. m. to 6:00 p. m. Sundays, 
11:30 a. m. to 12:30 p. m. 

Armour — 3017 Indiana avenue. 

Auburn Park — 700 West Seventy- 
ninth street. 



Austin — 5649 Lake street. 

Bush Temple — Clark street and 
Chicago avenue. 

C. — 428-430 West Madison street. 

Carpenter Street — 291-293 Car- 
penter street. 

Central Postoffice — Adams and 
Clark streets. 

Chicago Lawn — 3608 West Sixty- 
third street. 

Cragin — 1596 Armitage avenue. 

D. — 833-845 West Madison street. 

Dauphin Park — 9033 Cottage 
Grove avenue. 

Douglas Park — 580 South West- 
ern avenue. 

Dunning — 2684 West Irving Park 
boulevard. 

East Side — 9904 Ewing avenue. 

Elsdon — 3533 West Fifty-first 
street. 

Edgewater — 1203 Bryn Mawr 
avenue. 

Englewood — 549 West Sixty- 
third ^street. 

Fifty-first Street— 5052-54 South 
Halsted street. 

Garfield Park— 1926 West Madi- 
son street. 

Grand Crossing — 7462 South Chi- 
cago avenue. 

Hegewisch — 13305 Erie avenue. 

Hyde Park— 205 East Fifty-fifth 
street. 

Irving Park — 1211 Irving Park 
boulevard. 

Jackson Park — 528-30 East Sixty- 
third street. 

Jefferson — 4303 Milwaukee ave- 
nue. 

Kinzie Station — 56 Kinzie street. 

Lake View— 1662-64 North Clark 
street. 

Lincoln Park — 649-51 North 
Clark street. 

Logan Square — 1911 Milwaukee 
avenue. 

M. — Fortieth street and Cottage 
Grove avenue. 

Masonic Temple — State and Ran- 
dolph streets. 

McKinley Park— 3475-79 Archer 
avenue. 

Millard Avenue — 1569 Ogden 
avenue. 

Montclair — North Seventieth and 
Medill avenues. 



POS— POS 



192 



POS— POS 



Night Station — Federal Building, 
Clark street entrance. 

North Halsted— 1149 North Hal- 
sted street. 

Norwood Park — 3470 Avondale 
avenue. 

Pilsen — 671-673 Loomis street. 

Pullman — 4 Arcade Building. 

Ravenswood — 1307 West Ravens- 
wood Park. 

Riverdale — 3565 Indiana avenue. 

Rogers Park— 4796 North Clark 
street. 

South Chicago — 9310 Commercial 
avenue. 

South Water — 19 La Salle street. 

Stock Exchange — Southwest cor- 
ner Washington and La Salle 
streets. 

Stock Yards— 4193 South Halsted 
street. 

Twenty-second Street — 90 East 
Twenty-second street. 

y. — Jackson boulevard and Canal 
street. 

Washington Heights— 1300 West 
One Hundred and Third street. 

West Pullman — 12005 Halsted 
street. 

Wicker Park — 1265 Milwaukee 
avenue. 

Winnemac — 2536 Lincoln avenue. 

STATIONS WITHOUT CARRIERS. 

Bush Temple — Northwest corner 
Clark st and Chicago av. 

Masonic Temple — 51 State st. 

Southwater — 19 and 21 LaSalle st. 

Stock Exchanage — Southwest cor- 
ner Washington and LaSalle sts. 

Delivery Division. — General of- 
fices, 370 Federal Building. Car- 
rier stations — Hours: 7 a. m. to 6 
p. m.; Sunday, 11:30 a. m. to 12:30 
p. m. 

Armour — 3017 Indiana av. 

Auburn Park — 700 West Seventy- 
ninth st. 

Austin — 5649 and 5651 West Lake 
st. 

C — 428 and 430 West Madison st. 

Carpenter Street — 291 and 293 
North Carpenter st. 

Central — Adams and Clark sts. 

Chicago Lawn — 3608 West Sixty- 
third st. 

Cragin — 1596 Armitage av. 

D — 833 and 835 W. Madison st. 
Dauphin Park — 9033 Cottage Grove 
av. 

Douglas Park — 578 and 580 South 
Western av. 

Dunning — 2684 West Irving Park 
blvd. 



Eastside — 9909 Ewing av. 

Edgewater — 2522 and 2524 Evans- 
ton av. 

Elsdon — 3533 West Fifty-first st. 

Englewood — 549 and 551 West 
Sixty-third st. 

Fifty-first Street — 5052 and 5054 
HtilstGcl st. 

Garfield Park — 1926 West Madison 
st. 

Grand Crossing — 7462 South Chi- 
cago av. 

Hegewisch — 13303 Erie av. 

Hyde Park— 205 and 209 East 
Fifty-fifth st. 

Irving Park — 1159 Irving Park 
blvd. 

Jackson Park — 528-530 East Sixty- 
third st. 

Jefferson — 4303 Milwaukee av. 

Kinzie — 56 Kinzie st. 

Lakeview — 1662 and 1664 North 
Clark st 

Lincoln Park — 649 and 651 North 
Clark st 

Logan' Square — 1911 and 1913 Mil- 
waukee av. 

M — Fortieth st and Cottage Grove 
av. 

McKinley Park — 3475 and 3477 Ar- 
cher av. 

Millard Avenue — 1569 and 1571 
Ogden av. 

Mont Clare — 1317 North Seventieth 
av. 

North Halsted— 1149 and 1153 
North Halsted st. 

Norwood Park — 3470 Avondale av. 

Pilsen — 671 and 673 Loomis st. 

Pullman — 4 Arcade bldg. 

Ravenswood — 1307 West Ravens- 
wood Park. 

Riverdale — 13565 Indiana av. 

Rogers Park — 4796 North Clark st. 

South Chicago — 9210 Commercial 
av. 

Stock Yards — 4193 Halsted st. 

Twenty-second Street — 90 East 
Twenty-second st. 

U — Jackson blvd and Canal st. 

Washington Heights — 1360 West 
One Hundred and Third st. 

West Pullman — 12005 Halsted st. 

Wicker Park — 1263 and 1265 Mil- 
waukee av. 

Winnemac — 2536 Lincoln av. 

Postoffice Inspectors. — For con- 
venience of administration, the 
United States Postofiice Inspection 
Service is operated from fifteen 
division headquarters, the largest 
and most important division bein^ 
that located at Chicago, and com- 
prises the three states of Illinois, 
Wisconsin and Michigan. 

Gen. James E. Stuart, the inspec- 
tor in charge, has immediate super- 
vision over the work of the forty- 
two inspectors attached to the di- 
vision. Nine of these inspectors, 
known as City Inspectors, are 






y n 




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POS— POS 



194 



POS— POS 



domiciled in Chicago while thirty- 
three, known as Field Inspectors, 
operate within assigned territory in 
one or other of the three states. 

Postoffice inspectors are the per- 
sonal representatives of the Post- 
master General, and receive their 
instructions from, and report to 
him, through the Inspector in 
Charge. 

Their duties embrace general 
supervision of postoffices, giving of 
instructions to postmasters and ex- 
amination of their accounts, investi- 
gation of all charges against postal 
employees, losses or depredations 
upon the mails, investigation of all 
cases of misuse of the mails, or 
violations of the postal laws, in- 
vestigation to determine validity 
and sufficiency of bonds of post- 
masters and contractors, laying out 
of rural routes and free delivery 
routes in cities, and any other mat- 
ters affecting the postal service to 
which they may be assigned. 

Under the supervision of the 
Postoffice Inspectors of the Chi- 
cago division there are at present 
6,305 rural free delivery routes and 
4,845 postoffices. 

Postage Rates. 

DOMESTIC. 

First Class. — Two cents an ounce 
or fraction thereof. Includes let- 
ters and all written or partly writ- 
ten matter sealed or unsealed, and 
all other matter sealed or closed 
against inspection. 

Postal cards, sold by the govern- 
ment, 1 cent each; double or reply 
cards. 2 cents each. 

Second Class. — All regular news- 
papers, magazines and other peri- 
odicals issued at stated intervals not 
less than four times a year, when 
mailed by publishers or news 
agents, 1 cent a pound or fraction 
thereof; when mailed by individ- 
uals, 1 cent for each four ounces or 
fractional part thereof. 

Third Class. — One cent for each 
two ounces or fractional part 
thereof. Includes books, circulars, 
pamphlets, calendars, cards, press 
clippings, blank forms mainly in 



print, printed labels, lithographs, 
sheets, periodicals having the char- 
acter of books and publications 
which depend for their circulation 
upon offers of premiums. 

Fourth Class. — One cent an ounce 
or fraction thereof. Includes all 
matter not in the first three classes, 
such as blank books, blank cards, 
blank paper, blotters, playing cards, 
celluloid, coin, crayon, pictures, 
cut flowers, metal or wood cuts, 
drawings, dried fruit, dried plants, 
electrotype plates, framed engrav- 
ings, envelopes, letterheads, cloth 
maps, samples of merchandise, 
metals, minerals, napkins, oil paint- 
ings, photograph albums, printed 
matter on other material than paper 
stationery, tintypes and wall paper. 

Registration. — All mailable mat- 
ter may be registered at the rate of 
eight cents for each package in ad- 
dition to the regular postage, 
which must be prepaid. 

foreign. 

Letters. — Five cents for each 
ounce or fraction thereof — prepay- 
ment optional except as to Canada 
and Mexico. Double rates are col- 
lected on delivery of letters with- 
out postage or having too little 
postage. 

Post Cards. — Single, 1 cent each; 
double, 2 cents each. 

Newspapers, Etc. — One cent for 
each two ounces or fraction there- 
of — prepayment required, at least 
in part. 

Rates on letters to United King- 
dom, Germany, Canada, Mexico, 
Cuba. Port Rico, Hawaii and the 
Phillipines, two cents an ounce or 
fraction thereof. 

MONEY ORDER. 

Fees on domestic money orders 
are: For orders not exceeding 
$2.50, 3 cents; $2.50 to $5, 5 cents; 
$5 to $10, 8 cents; $10 to $20, 10 
cents; $20 to $30, 12 cents; $30 to 
$40, 15 cents; $40 to $50, 18 cents; 
$50 to $60, 20 cents; $60 to $75, 25 
cents; $75 to $100, 30 cents. 

International money orders cost: 
For sums not exceeding $10, 10 






POS— POS 195 

cents; $10 to $20. 20 cents; $20 to 
$30, 30 cents; $30 to $40, 40 cents; 
$40 to $50, 50 cents; $50 to $60, 60 
cents; $60 to $70, 70 cents; $70 to 
$80, 80 cents; $80 to $90, 90 cents; 
$90 to $100, $1. 

Postal Receipts. — Fiscal year, 1908: 

Stamps and cards $12,394,501.00 

Envelopes 1,048,310.97 

Newspaper and periodi- 
cal postage 731,388.53 

Third and fourth class 

postage 333,829.32 

Postage due 73,783.00 

Box rent 9,585.01 

Sale of waste paper, etc. 6,711.54 
Excess over invoices.... 833.44 
Deficient registry post- 
age 48.20 



POS— POW 



Total receipts $14,598,991.01 

Increase for year ended June 30, 
1908, $661,936.78, or 4% per cent. 

Postal Railway Mail Service. — 

There are 250 mail trains arriving 
and departing from Chicago daily 
over the 42 railway postoffice lines 
which have Chicago for their term- 
inal. In distributing the mail on 
these lines 2,030 clerks are em- 
ployed and in addition to separat- 
ing mail for nearly all states they 
make up Chicago city mail to car- 
riers and stations for immediate 
delivery by carriers upon arrival 
of trains. This system inaugurated 
by Chicago admits of the delivery 
of 70 per cent of city mail before 
9 a. m. 

There are, in addition to these 
trains carrying postal cars and 
clerks, 225 express trains arriving 
and departing from Chicago daily 
with closed pouch mails not opened 
until pouches reach their destina- 
tion. An average of 500 tons of 
mail is taken out of Chicago each 
day and approximately 300 tons of 
this originates in Chicago and the 
remainder is in transit through the 
city. 

For administrative purposes. 
United States is divided into twelve 
divisions of the Railway Mail Serv- 
ice, all under a general superin- 
tendent at Washington, and each 
under a division superintendent. 
Total number of employes, 15,000. 

Chicago is headquarters of the 
Sixth Division, comnrising Illinois, 
Iowa, Nebraska. Wyoming and the 



Black Hills district of South Da- 
kota, with 2,400 officials and clerks 
and 37,997 miles of steam and elec- 
tril railroads carrying mail. 

The Fifth Division, with head- 
quarters at Cincinnati, the Ninth 
Division, with headquarters at 
Cleveland, and the Tenth Division, 
with headquarters at St. Paul, each 
have lines entering Chicago and 
each has one or more chief clerks 
stationed at Chicago to whom of- 
fice room is assigned at Sixth Di- 
vision headquarters in the Federal 
Building. 

Railway Mail Service Employes in 

Chicago. — Officials and clerks at 
division headquarters 65 

Clerks assigned to duty at regis- 
try stations in various depots. 60 

Clerks assigned to duty of trans- 
ferring registered mail at and 
between depots 45 

Clerks running on railway post- 
office lines terminating at Chi- 
cago 2,030 

Total 2,200 

Postal Suggestion. — Every letter 
ought to bear a "return card," as 
well as an address. The sender's 
name and address should be printed 
or written in the upper left hand 
corner of the envelope. Otherwise, 
if letters are undeliverable, they 
must be sent to the dead letter of- 
fice, and will not be returned to 
sender for six weeks or more after 
mailing. Unless at least 2 cents 
postage is affixed letters cannot 
be forwarded from mailing office. 
If the sender's name and address 
are on envelope, it will be re- 
turned for postage; but if there is 
no "card," it will be held until post- 
age is received from addressee, to 
whom notice is sent promptly. The 
latter course naturally involves de- 
lay, which frequently is serious in 
its consequences. 

Powers Theater. — Formerly Hoo- 
ley's Theater. Located on Ran- 
dolph street, opposite the City Hall 
and County Court House. 

This is one of the most fashion- 
able and high-class theaters in 
the city. This famous house is 
specially ventilated with patent 
ventilators and smoke-escapes, and 



PRE— PRI 



196 



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as the proscenium is principally 
cast-iron, it is therefore practically 
fireproof. Light opera and high 
grade comedy hold reign at Pow- 
ers'. Mr. Harry J. Powers is pro- 
prietor and manager of this popu- 
lar theater. 

PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED 

STATES. 
With Politics and Year of Inaugura- 
tion of each. 

*George Washington (Federal) . .1789 

John Adams (Federal) 1797 

*Thomas Jefferson (Rep.) 1801 

•James Madison (Rep.) 1809 

* James Monroe (Rep.) 1817 

John Q. Adams (Rep.) 1825 

*Andrew Jackson (Dem.) 1829 

Martin Van Buren (Dem.) . 1837 

tWilliam H. Harrison (Whig) .. .1841 

John Tyler (Dem.) 1841 

James K. Polk (Dem.) 1845 

Zachary Taylor (Whig) 1849 

Millard Fillmore (Whig) 1850 

Franklin Pierce (Dem.) 1853 

James Buchanan (Dem.) 1857 

*t Abraham Lincoln (Rep.) 1861 

Andrew Johnson (Rep.) 1865 

*Ulysses S. Grant (Rep.) 1869 

Rutherford B. Hayes (Rep.) .... 1877 

t James A. Garfield (Rep.) 1881 

Chester A. Arthur (Rep.) 1881 

Grover Cleveland (Dem.) 1885 

Benjamin Harrison (Rep.) 1889 

Grover Cleveland (Dem.) 1893 

*tWilliam McKinley (Rep.) 1897 

JTheodore Roosevelt (Rep.) 1901 

Theodore Roosevelt (Rep.) 1905 

William H. Taft (Rep.) 1909 

*Elected for two consecutive terms. 

tDied in office. 

^Succeeded to office on death of Mc- 
Kinley, Sept. 14, 1901. 

Principal Church Days in 1909.— 

February 24, Ash Wednesday; 
Lent begins. 

March 7, Festival of Purim. 

April 4, Palm Sunday. 

April 9, Good Friday. 

April 11, Easter Sunday. 

April 18, Low Sunday. 

May 20, Ascension Day. 

May 30. Whitsunday (Penticost). 

September 16, Hebrew New Year 
(5670). 

September 25, Yom-Kippur. 

November 28. First Sunday in 
Advent. 

December 25, Christmas Day. 

Printers' Ink. — The printing art 
would be incomplete if not impos- 
sible without ink, which is manu- 
factured in enormous quantities in 
Chicago. Every ink known to the 



printing trade is carried by the Chi- 
cago jobbers in this commodity. 
The printing ink depots of Chicago 
are vast establishments, and aside 
from supplying the local trade, al- 
most every newspaper and print- 
ing plant from Pittsburg to the Pa- 
cific coast and from Alaska to Val- 
paraiso is numbered among their 
patrons. Many new styles of ink 
noted for their intrinsic good qual- 
ities have been invented and placed 
upon the market by Chicago manu- 
facturers. This business amounts 
to millions of dollars annually. 

Printing Industry. — For many 
years past Chicago has been rec- 
ognized as the greatest depot in 
the United States for artistic print- 
ing in all its branches and in the 
volume of business done in these 
lines. With more than 600 printing 
concerns doing a business amount- 
ing to some $27,000,000 annually, 
this city stands in the front rank 
of cities in the printing line. 

Fine printing is the soul of com- 
mercial activity. It appeals by its 
artistic qualities to the tradesmen 
and consumers everywhere. It ac- 
complishes more at less cost than 
the human salesman. It wins the 
confidence of the business man and 
the public by appealing to the eye 
and arousing interest in the project 
advocated by the convincing force 
of art. Business men of every de- 
gree affirm that fine printing has 
done more to improve trade con- 
ditions in this country than any 
other agency known to the com- 
mercial world. 

By improvements in the print- 
ing arts within the past five years 
that industry has risen to the rank 
of the fifth in the list of greatest 
industries in the country. This 
phenomenal advancement has been 
largely due to the strides made by 
Chicago printers and allied trades 
within the last decade. There are 
more good printers in Chicago than 
in any other city in the world, and 
the character of their work is su- 
perior to the output of the craft 
elsewhere. 

Chicago printers lead in publica- 



PRI— PRO 



197 



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tion work, such as catalogues, cir- 
culars, almanacs and booklets fur- 
nished to the commercial world. 
Equipped with machinery and 
printing stocks unexcelled else- 
where, the great Chicago printing 
and engraving concerns are capa- 
ble of filling orders with dispatch 
and marvelous accuracy of detail. 
The finest brochure printed in gold 
and bronze on vellum may be se- 
cured as speedily as an ordinary 
poster in black and white. 

Prisons. — Prisoners arrested for 
petty offenses are kept over night 
in the cells of the police stations, 
and, if unable to pay their fines, 
are transferred to the House of 
Correction, popularly known as the 
Bridewell. This prison is located 
on California avenue near Twenty- 
sixth street and receives, on an 
average, 10,000 prisoners annually. 
Prisoners charged with graver 
crimes are, if not released on bail, 
kept in the county jail on the North 
Side,' and if convicted sent to the 
State's prison at Joliet. 

Property Exempt in Illinois- 
Homestead. — Every householder 
having a family shall be entitled to 
an estate or homestead, to the value 
of $1,000, in the farm or lot of land 
and buildings thereon, owned or 
rightfully possessed by lease or oth- 
erwise, and occupied by him or her 
as a residence; and such home- 
stead and all right and title 
therein shall be exempt from at- 
tachment, judgment, levy or exe- 
cution, sale for the payment of 
debts^ or other purposes. Such ex- 
emption shall continue after the 
death of such householder for the 
benefit of the husband or wife sur- 
viving, so long as he or she con- 
tinues to occupy such homestead, 
and of the children until the young- 
est child becomes 21 years of age. 
The homestead, however, is not 
exempt from the sale for nonpay- 
ment of taxes or assessments or 
for a debt incurred for the pur- 
chase of improvements thereon. 

Property— Personal. — The follow- 
ing personal property owned by the 



debtor shall be exempt from execu- 
tion, writ of attachment and dis- 
tress for rent: 

First — The necessary wearing ap- 
parel, bible, school books and fam- 
ily pictures of every person. 

Second — One Hundred dollars' 
worth of property, to be selected 
by the debtor, and in addition, 
when the debtor is the head of a 
family and resides with the same. 
$300 worth of other property to be 
selected by the debtor. 

Such selection and exemption 
shall not be made or allowed from 
money due for wages or salary 
from any person or corporation. 
Aloney due the debtor from the 
sale of any personal property which 
was exempt from execution, writ 
of attachment or distress for rent 
at the time of such sale to the same 
extent as such property would be 
exempt had the same not been sold 
by such debtor. 

Servants' Wages. — No personal 
property shall be exempted from 
levy or attachment when the debt 
is for the wages of any laborer or 
servant. 

Public Library. — The Chicago 
Public Library is a free institution, 
established under the Illinois libra- 
ry law of 1872, and maintained by 
the city as part of its educational 
system. It derives its revenue from 
an annual library tax of one mill, 
and is governed by a Board of Di- 
rectors of nine members appointed 
by the mayor and holding office 
for three years. It is housed in a 
building of its own, built entirely 
at the public expense, which ranks 
among the largest and finest libra- 
ry buildings in the country. It is 
accessibly situated on a tract of 
public land half a square in ex- 
tent, on Michigan boulevard, front- 
ing eastward upon Grant Park, at 
a point almost equidistant from the 
north and south limits of the city. 

The Chicago Public Library 
building occunies the rectangular 
site formerly known as Dearborn 
Park, bounded by Michigan ave- 
nue, Washington street, Garland 
court, and Randolph street, its 










(L9S) 



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199 



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longest facade being on the ave- 
nue, with a court in the rear for 
future extensions. Its extreme di- 
mensions are 352^ by 146 1-3 feet, 
and the top of its cornice is 90 feet 
above the sidewalk, exclusive of 
the crowning balustrade. It con- 
tains three principal stores, with 
two intermediate floors and a base- 
ment. 

The general treatment of the ex- 
terior of the building is a harmo- 
nious combination of various styles 
of architecture, the lower part be- 
ing in the neo-Greek style with 
wide arched windows, and the up- 
per part in Grecian style with pil- 
lars and columns separated by 
windows. The entablature is of 
pronounced Roman character, with 
heavy projecting garlands and lion's 
heads sculptured on the frieze. The 
two entrances to the building vary 
greatly in style, the Washington 
street entrance being a wide arch- 
ed portal leading directly to the 
grand staircase hall, while the 
Randolph street entrance is a por- 
tico with massive Greek columns 
before the three doorways opening 
into a spacious corridor, with the 
north staircase and elevators lead- 
ing to the Grand Army Memorial 
Hall and the reading rooms above. 
Entering the building from Wash- 
ington street, the visitor finds him- 
self at once under the massive el- 
liptical arch of the main staircase, 
at the foot of which, embedded in 
the green and white mosaic floor, 
is a large bronze replica of the 
corporate seal of Chicago. The 
ascent is by means of wide marble 
steps, with balconies at easy dis- 
tances, and ends in the delivery 
room, which is open by three open 
archways at the top landing. Ital- 
ian statuary marble from the fa- 
mous quarries of Carrara is used 
in this portion of the building, 
richly inlaid with mosaic of glass, 
mother of pearl, and semi-precious 
stones, and in the balustrades on 
the staircase, with small center- 
pieces of the rare and beautiful 
Connemara marble. On the third 
floor landing panels of mosaic de- 
sign, with suitable inscriptions and 



the names of great writers, are set 
in the walls. The delivery room 
proper, which extends across the 
entire width of the building, with 
a length of 134 and a depth of 48 
feet, is divided into three parts by 
a rotunda in the center, surmount- 
ed by a beautiful stained glass 
dome. Elliptical arches rise from 
the marble piers at the four cor- 
ners, and the walls above the elab- 
orately covered with mosaic, into 
which are worked the devices of 
the early printers and other appro- 
priate designs. The wings of the 
delivery room are wainscoted, in 
Carrara marble, above which ex- 
tends a frieze of glass mosaic, con- 
taining large panels of green ser- 
pentile marble inlaid with white in- 
scriptions in ten different lan- 
guages, and also in various char- 
acters, from Egyptian hieroglyph- 
ics to modern Roman. Four large 
book rooms, equipped with three- 
deck steel stacks with glass floors, 
and having a capacity of 350,000 
volumes, open directly into the de- 
livery room. On this floor, also, 
are located the administrative 
rooms of the library. 

The Library building contains a 
complete mechanical equipment for 
the generation of light, heat and 
power. The devices for washing 
the air used in ventilating the build- 
ing and the apparatus for distrib- 
uting the same are modern and up 
to date. The elevators in the build- 
ing are operated by electricity gen- 
erated on the premises, and there is 
special provision for protection 
against damage from fire which 
might break out in the building 
west and north of the library. 

The cost of the building was 
about $2,000,000, which includes the 
furniture, book stacks, and machin- 
ery. 

On January 1, 1909, the library 
contained 365,486 volumes and 
about 60.000 unbound pamphlets. 
The annual expenditure for the 
maintenance and operation of the 
library is about $260,000. The num- 
ber of employes in all the depart- 
ments is 193. 

The right of drawing books from 



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200 



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the Public Library belongs to all 
who reside in the city of Chicago, 
and also to those whoh make their 
homes in the suburbs within the 
limits of Cook county and are reg- 
ularly employed in the city. In or- 
der to become a book borrower it 
is necessary only to file an appli- 
cation giving the name and resi- 
dence of the applicant and bearing 
the signature of a second person, 
who must be an actual resident of 
the city, appearing as such in the 
latest city directory. This person 
becomes the "guarantor" to the li- 
brary for the proper observance of 
the library regulations on the part 
of the applicant. These regula- 
tions merely provide that books 
drawn for home use must be re- 
turned within the stated period, 
and must not be defaced or in- 
jured. It is therefore a simple 
matter to find a friend, a neighbor, 
or an employer who will co-oper- 
ate to this extent with anyone de- 
siring to use the Public Library. 

The card that is issued to the 
applicant, after examination of his 
application, entitles him to draw 
books, which may be retained for 
two weeks, and may be renewed 
for the same period. The card re- 
mains in effect for three years from 
the date of registration, at the ex- 
piration of which term a new ap- 
plication must be filed. 

Public Library Branches. — 
Washington street, Michigan ave- 
nue, Randolph street, Garland 
court. 

Branch Library: Blacksone 
Memorial Branch Library, Forty- 
ninth street and Lake avenue. 

Branch reading rooms: 

1. 1202 Milwaukee avenue. 

2. 3841 State street. 

3. 226 East North avenue. 

4. 821 South Ashland avenue. 

5. 21 Blue Island avenue. 

6. 770 West Madison street. 

7. Hamilton Park (West Seventy- 
second and Wallace streets). 

8. Davis Square (West Forty-fourth 
street and Marshfield avenue). 

9. Armour Square (Thirty-third 
third street and Fifth avenue). 

10. Bessemer Park (South Chicago 
avenue and Eierhty-ninth street). 

11. Ogden Park (West Sixty-seventh 
street and Center avenue). 



12. 1711 North Clark street. 

13. Monteflore School (Sangamon 
street and Grand avenue). 

14. Park No. 1 (West Parks), Chi- 
cago avenue and Noble street). 

15. Park No. 3 (West Parks), Fisk 
and Twenty-first streets. 

16. Burr School (Ashland and Wa- 
bansia avenues). 

Delivery Stations — North Division: 

1 N. Orleans and Elm streets. 

2 N. 635 Larrabee street. 

3 N. 477 Lincoln avenue. 

4 N. 2517 North Hermitage avenue. 

5 N. 1665 Lincoln avenue. 

6 N. 226 East North avenue. 

7 N. 4810 North Clark street. 

8 N. 701 Belmont avenue. 

9 N. 2713 Ridge avenue. 

10 N. 1711 North Clark street. 
ilN. 1956 North Halsted street. 
12 N. 1220 Argyle street. 

/3 N. 1920 Evanston avenue. 
South Division: 

1 S. 154 East Twenty-second street. 

2 S. 190 East Thirty-first street. 
A S. 3961 Cottage Grove avenue. 
I S. 663 West Forty-third street. 

5 S. Forty-ninth street and Lake 

avenue. 

6 S. 441 West Sixty-third street. 

7 S. 2876 Archer avenue. 

8 S. Eighty-ninth street and Mus- 

kegon avenue. 

9 S. 9901 Ewing avenue. 

i0 S. Seventy-second street and Nor- 
mal avenue. 

11 S. 551 East Fifty-fifth street. 

12 S. 3841 State street. 

13 S. 566 East Forty-seventh street. 
<4 S. 759 West One Hundred and 

twentieth street. 

15 S. 11100 Michigan avenue. 

16 S. 246 West Sixty-ninth street. 

17 S. 413 East Sixty-third street. 

18 S. 1079 East Seventy-fifth street. 

19 S. Forty-fifth street and Marsh- 

field avenue. 

20 S. 8670 Vincennes avenue. 

21 S. 5521 South Halsted street. 

22 S. Center avenue and Sixty- 

fourth street. 

23 S. Thirty-third street and Shields 

avenue. 

24 S. 750 Saginaw avenue. 

25 S. 5005 State street. 

26 S. 6603 Cottage Grove avenue. 

27 S. 6315 South St. Louis avenue. 
West Division: 

1 W. 485 South Clinton street. 

2 W. 547 Grand avenue. 

3 W. 770 West Madison street. 

4 W. 821 South Ashland avenue. 

5 W. 1202 Milwaukee avenue. 

6 W. 381 South Western avenue. 

7 K. 826 North California avenue. 

8 W. 1520 Ogden avenue. 

9 W. 21 Blue Island avenue. 

10 W. 2020 West Madison street. 

11 W. 1201 West Irving Park boule- 

vard. ■ 

12 W. 1269 West Madison street. 

13 W. 574 West Belmont avenue. 

14 W. 1502 North Rockwell street. 

15 W. 2738 North Forty-seventh ave- 

nue. 




Interior View Showing Grand Staircase (Chicago Public Library). 



(201) 



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202 



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16 W. 

17 W. 

18 W. 

19 W. 

20 W. 

21 W. 

22 W. 

23 W. 



26 W. 

27 W. 

28 W. 

29 W. 

30 W. 

31 W. 

32 W. 

33 W. 

34 W. 

35 W. 

36 W. 



2092 West Twenty - sixth 

1681 West Twelfth street. 
1802 Milwaukee avenue. 
1198 Armitage avenue. 
781 West Twelfth street. 
902 Ogden avenue. 
285 North Lawndale avenue. 
1685 West North avenue. 
180 Grand avenue. 
115 North Park avenue (Aus- 
tin). 

781 Ohio street. 
1598 Armitage avenue. 
1555 West Harrison street. 
149 North Kedzie avenue. 
867 West Twenty - second 

1562 West Twenty - second 
strGGt 

1297 North Central Park ave- 
nue. 

4286 Milwaukee avenue. 
2652 West Chicago avenue. 
Fisk and Twenty-first streets. 
Chicago avenue and Noble 
street. 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF THE CITY 
OF CHICAGO. 

Chicago Normal, Sixty-eighth street 
and Stewart avenue. Pupils, 509; 
teachers, 30. 

Harrison Practice, Twenty-third 
pace between Princeton and Went- 
worth avenues. Pupils, 1,309; teach- 
ers, 32. 

Normal Practice, Sixty-eighth street 
and Stewart avenue. Pupils, 1,126; 
teachers, 26. 

Austin High, Frink st between 
Walnut and Willow avenues, south 
side of street. Pupils, 622; teachers, 
21. ' 

Bowen High (open about Septem- 
ber 1, 1909), Eighty-ninth street and 
Manistee avenue. (Site.) 

Calumet High, Normal avenue and 
Eighty-first street. Pupils, 438; 
teachers, 15. 

Crane Technical High, West Van 
Buren street and Oakley Avenue 
boulevard. Pupils, 1,141; teachers, 42. 

Curtis High, One Hundred and 
Fourteenth place, One Hundred and 
Fifteenth street and State street. Pu- 
pils, 344; teachers, 16. 

Englewood High, Stewart avenue 
and Sixty-second street. Pupils, 1,- 
487; teachers, 40. 

Hyde Park High, Kimbark avenue 
between Fifty-sixth and Fifty-sev- 
enth streets. Pupils, 909; teachers, 26. 

Jefferson High, West Wilson ave- 
nue, between North Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh avenues, north side of 
street. Pupils, 395; teachers, 10. 

Lake High, West Forty-seventh 
place and Union avenue, southeast 
corner. Pupils, 635; teachers, 18. 

Lake View High, North Ashland 
avenue and Irving Park boulevard. 
Pupils, 1,376; teachers, 39. 

Lane Technical High, Division and 
Sedgwick streets. Pupils, 1,250; teach- 
ers, 42. 



Marshall High, Adams street, be- 
tween Spaulding and Kedzie avenues. 
Pupils, 739; teachers, 22. 

McKinley High, Adams street, be- 
tween Hoyne and Seeley avenue. Pu- 
pils, 886; teachers, 24. 

Medill High, Fourteenth place near 
Throop street. Pupils, 609; teachers, 

Phillips High, Thirty-ninth street, 
between Prairie and Forest avenues. 
Pupils, 1,704; teachers, 50. 

Schurz High (site), Milwaukee ave- 
nue, West Addison street and West 
Waveland avenue. 

South Chicago High, Ninety-third 
street and Houston avenue. Pupils 
428; teachers, 17. 

Tuley High, North Claremont and 
Potomac avenues. Pupils, 1018- 
teachers, 25. 

Waller High, Orchard and Center 
streets. Pupils, 853; teachers, 22. 

Adams, Townsend street, between 
East Chicago avenue and Locust 
street. Pupils, 1,065; teachers, 23. 

Agassiz, Diversey boulevard and 
Seminary avenue. Pupils, 1,004; teach- 
ers, 22. 

Agassiz (new site), George and 
Wolfram streets. 

Alcott, Wrightwood avenue and Or- 
chard street. Pupils, 979; teachers, 

Altgeld, Seventy-first and Loomis 
streets. Pupils, 1,110; teachers, 23. 

Andersen, West Division and Lin- 
coln streets. Pupils, 1,513; teachers, 
30. 

Armour, Thirty-third place, be- 
tween Auburn avenue and Morgan 
street. Pupils, 816; teachers, 17. 

Arnold, Center and Burling streets. 
Pupils, 1,117; teachers, 24. 

Auburn Park, Normal avenue and 
Eighty-first street. Pupils, 330; teach- 
ers, 8. 

Audubon, Cornelia and North Hoyne 
avenues. Pupils, 1,150; teachers, 24. 

Avondale, North Sawyer avenue and 
West Wellington street. Pupils, 1,- 
254; teachers, 27. 

Bancroft, Maplewood avenue, be- 
tween North and Wabansia avenues. 
Pupils, 888; teachers, 27. 

Barnard, Charles and One Hundred 
and Fourth streets. Pupils, 473; 
teachers, 10. 

Bass, May and Sixty-sixth streets. 
Pupils, 1,113; teachers, 23. 

Beale, Sangamon and Sixty-first 
streets. Pupils, 1,422; teachers, 31. 

Beaubien, North Fifty-second and 
Winnemac avenues. Pupils, 520; 
teachers, 11. Branch, Walnut street 
and Cheney avenue. Pupils, 145; 
teachers, 4. 

Beidler, Walnut street and Kedzie 
avenue. Pupils, 638; teachers, 14. 

Belding, North Forty-second court 
and West Cullom avenue. Pupils, 1,- 
018; teachers, 22. 

Bismark, Central Park and Armi- 
tag avenues. Pupils, 1,140; teachers. 
27. 



PUB— PUR 

Blaine, Janssen avenue and Grace 
street. Pupils, 1,376; teachers, 29. 

Bradwell, Sherman avenue and Sev- 
enty-seventh street. Pupils, 952; 
teachers, 20. 

Brande, Jeffrey avenue and Eighty- 
second street. Pupils, 20; teachers, 1. 

Brainard, Washburne avenue, be- 
tween Leavitt street and Hoyne ave- 
nue. Pupils, 739; teachers, 16. 

Brenan, Lime street between Ar- 
cher avenue and Twenty-seventh 
street. Pupils, 521; teachers, 12. 

Brentano, North Fairfield avenue, 
between West Diversey avenue and 
West Marianna street. Pupils, 1,177; 
teachers, 24. 

Brown, Warren avenue and Wood 
street. Pupils, 1,114; teachers, 24. 

Brownell, Perry avenue, between 
Sixty-fifth and Sixty-sixth streets. 
Pupils, 424; teachers, 10. 

Bryant, Forty-first court and Four- 
teenth street. Pupils, 1,374; teachers, 
30. 

Burke, Prairie avenue and Fifty- 
second street. Pupils, 600; teachers, 
13. 

Burke (new site), South Park ave- 
nue and Fifty-fourth street. 

Burley, Barry avenue, between 
Paulina street and Ashland avenue. 
Pupils, 821; teachers, 19. 

Burns, South Central Park avenue 
and West Twenty-fifth street. Pupils, 
1,537; teachers, 32. 

Burnside, Ninety-first place and 
Langley avenue. Pupils, 720; teach- 
ers, 16. 

Burr, Kabansia and North Ashland 
avenues. Pupils, 1,830; teachers, 41. 

Burroughs, Washtenaw avenue and 
Thirty-fifth place. Pupils, 515; teach- 
ers, 11. 

Byford, Iowa street, between North 
Central and North Park avenues. 
Pupils, 697; teachers, 13. 

Calhoun, Jackson boulevard and 
Francisco avenue. Pupils, 965; 
teachers, 22. 

Cameron, Potomac and Monticello 
avenues. Pupils, 1,259; teachers, 27. 

Carpenter, Center avenue and Hu- 
ron street. Pupils, 1,107; teachers, 
27. 

Carter, Sixty-first street and Wa- 
bash avenue. Pupils, 992; teachers, 
22. 

Chalmers, Fairfield avenue and 
Twelfth street. Pupils, 705; teachers, 
16. 

Chase, Point place and Cornelia 
street. Pupils, 845; teachers, 18. 

Chicago Lawn, Homan avenue and 
Sixty-fifth street. Pupils, 500; teach- 
ers, 10. 

Chopin, Iowa street and Campbell 
avenue (site). 

Clarke, Ashland avenue and Thir- 
teenth street. pupils, 1,705; teach- 
ers, 35. 

Clay, Superior avenue and One 
Hundred and Thirty-third street. Pu- 
pils. 299, teachers, 7. 

Colman, Dearborn street, north of 
Forty-seventh street. Pupils, 758; 
teachers, 16. 



!03 



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Columbus, Augusta street, between 
Hoyne avenue and Leavitt street. 
Pupils, 826; teachers, 17. 

Coonley, Belle Plaine avenue and 
North Leavitt street. Pupils, 1,263; 
teachers, 27. 

Cooper, West Nineteenth street, be- 
tween Ashland avenue and Paulina 
street. Pupils, 950; teachers, 21. 

Copernicus, Throop and West Six- 
tieth streets. Pupils, 1,197; teach- 
ers, 25. 

Corkery, South Forty-second street 
and West Twenty-fifth street. Pu- 
pils, 522; teachers, 11. 

Cornell, Drexel avenue, between 
Seventy-fifth and Seventy-sixth 
streets. Pupils, 983; teachers, 21. 

Crerar, Campbell avenue and Tay- 
lor street. Pupils, 673; teachers, 15. 

Curtis, One Hundred and Four- 
teenth place, One Hundred and Fif- 
teenth street and State street. Pu- 
pils, 951; teachers, 29. 

Dante, Des Plaines street, between 
Ewing and Forquer streets. Pupils, 
1,271; teachers, 27. 

Darwin, Edgewood avenue and 
Catalpa court. Pupils, 1,076; teach- 
ers, 24. 

Davis, Thirty-ninth street and Sac- 
ramento avenue. Pupils, 573; teach- 
ers, 12. 

Delano (site), South Robey street, 
between Polk and Taylor streets. 

Dewey, Fifty-fourth street and 
Union avenue. Pupils, 967; teachers, 
22. 

Doolittle, Thirty-fifth street, be- 
tween Cottage Grove avenue and 
Rhodes avenue. Pupils, 1,022; teach- 
ers, 24. 

Dore, West Harrison street, be- 
tween Halsted and Des Plaines 
streets. Pupils, 1,002; teachers, 25. 

Douglas, Forest avenue and Thirty- 
second avenue. Pupils, 1,058; teach- 
ers, 24. 

Drake, Calumet avenue, between 
Twenty-sixth and Twenty-eighth 
streets. Pupils, 828; teachers, 19. 

Drummond, Clybourn place and 
North Lincoln street. Pupils, 1,161; 
teachers, 24. 

Earle, South Hermitage avenue and 
Sixty-first street. Pupils, 1,204; 
teachers, 29. 

Emerson, Walnut and Paulina 
streets. Pupils, 586; teachers, 13. 

Emmet, West Madison street and 
Pine avenue. Pupils, 550; teachers, 9. 

Ericsson, Harrison street, between 
Sacramento avenue and Francisco 
street. Pupils, 855; teachers, 18. 

Everett, South Irving avenue, be- 
tween Thirty-fourth and Thirty-fifth 
streets. Pupils, 791; teachers, 18. 

Fallon, Wallace and Forty-second 
street. Pupils, 900; teachers, 20. 

Fallon (school for crippled chil- 
dren). Wallace and Forty-second 
streets. Pupils, 43: teachers, 2. 

Farragut, Spaulding avenue, be- 
tween Twenty-third and Twenty- 
fourth streets. Pupils, 1,300; teach- 
ers. 32. 

Farren, Wabash avenue, between 



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204 



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Fiftieth and Fifty-first streets. Pu- 
pils, 1,009; teachers, 21. 

Felsenthal, Calumet avenue and 
Forty-first street. Pupils, 963; teach- 
ers, 21. 

Fernwood, One Hundred and First 
street and Union avenue. Pupils, 
22 7; teachers, 5. 

Field, North Ashland boulevard and 
Greenieaf avenue. Pupils, 781; teach- 
ers, 18. 

Fiske, Sixty-second street and In- 
gleside avenue. Pupils, 601; teachers, 
13. 

Forrestville, St. Lawrence avenue 
and Forty-fifth street. Pupils, 1,166; 

Foster, Union and O'Brien streets. 
Pupils, 1,853; teachers, 39. 

Franklin, Goethe street, between 
Wells and Sedgwick streets. Pupils, 
1,158; teachers, 25. 

Froebel, West Twenty-first street, 
between Robey street and Hoyne ave- 
nue. Pupils, 915; teachers, 20. 

Fuller, St. Lawrence avenue and 
Forty-second street. Pupils, 560; 
teachers, 12. 

Fulton, Fifty-third street and Her- 
mitage avenue. Pupils, 961; teach- 
ers, 20. 

Gallistel, One Hundred and Fourth 
street and Ewing avenue. Pupils, 
1..200; teachers, 25. 

Garfield, Johnson street and Four- 
teenth place. Pupils, 1,253; teachers, 
28. 

Gladstone, Robey street and Wash- 
burne avenue. Pupils, 1,020; teach- 
ers, 22. 

Goethe, Rockwell street, between 
Fullerton and Milwaukee avenues. 
Pupils, 1,028; teachers, 24. 

Goldsmith, Maxwell and Union 
streets. Pupils, 933; teachers, 21. 

Goodrich, Sangamon and Taylor 
streets. Pupils, 1,368; teachers, 26. 

Goudy, Foster and Winthrop ave- 
nues. Pupils, 580; teachers, 12. 

Graham, Union avenue and Forty- 
fifth street. Pupils, 1,321; teachers, 
28. 

Grant, Wilcox avenue, between 
Campbell and Western avenues. Pu- 
pils, 733; teachers, 15. 

Greeley, Sheffield avenue and Grace 
street. Pupils, 931; teachers, 22. 

Greene, Thirty-sixth and Paulina 
streets. Pupils, 969; teachers, 21. 

Gresham, Green and Eighty-fifth 
streets. Pupils, 461; teachers, 10. 

Hamilton, Cornelia and North 
Marshfield avenues. Pupils, 1,197; 
teachers, 26. 

Hamline, Bishop and Forty-eighth 
streets. Pupils, 1,071; teachers, 24. 

Hammond, Twenty-first place, be- 
tween California avenue and Doug- 
las boulevard. Pupils, 1,123; teach- 
ers, 23. 

Hancock, Princeton avenue and 
Swann street. Pupils, 497; teachers, 
13. 

Harrison Practice, Twenty-third 
place, between Princeton and Went- 
worth avenues. Pupils, 1,309; teach- 
ers, 32. 



Hartigan, Armour avenue, between 
Fortieth and Root streets. Pupils, 
370; teachers, 10. 

Harvard, Harvard avenue, between 
Seventy-fifth and Seventy-sixth 
streets. Pupils, 430; teachers, 9. 

Haven, Wabash avenue, between 
Fourteenth and Sixteenth streets. Pu- 
pils, 752; teachers, 19. 

Hawthorne, Seminary avenue and 
School street. Pupils, 1,086; teach- 
ers, 28. 

Hayes, Leavitt and Fulton streets. 
Pupils, 714; teachers, 17. 

Hayt, Granville avenue and Perry 
street. Pupils, 901; teachers, 18. 

Headley, Lewis street and Garfield 
avenue. Pupils, 512; teachers, 12. 

Healy, Wallace street, between 
Thirtieth and Thirty-first streets. 
Pupils, 1,307; teachers, 27. 

Hedges, Winchester avenue and 
Forty-eighth street. Pupils, 1,080; 
teachers, 23. 

Hendricks, Forty-third street and 
Shields avenue. Pupils, 706; teach- 
ers, 17. 

Henry, Eberly and West Cullom 
avenues. Pupils, 1,293; teachers, 27. 

Holden, Thirty-first and Loomis 
streets. Pupils, 1,326; teachers, 29. 

Holmes, Morgan and Fifty-sixth 
streets. Pupils, 1,079; teachers, 25. 

Howe, Laurel avenue and Superior 
street. Pupils, 494; teachers, 10. 

Howland, Spaulding avenue and 
Sixteenth street. Pupils, 1,031; teach- 
ers, 22. 

Hoyne, Cass and Illinois streets. 
(This building is used only for even- 
ing school purposes at present.) 

Irving, Lexington street, near 
Leavitt street. Pupils, 759; teachers. 
15. 

Irving Park, Forty-first court, be- 
tween Byron and Grace streets. Pu- 
pils, 1,454; teachers, 32. 

Jackson, Sholto and Better streets. 
Pupils, 1,577; teachers, 36. 

Jahn, North Lincoln street and 
Belmont avenue. Pupils, 900; teach- 
ers, 19. 

Jefferson, Elburn avenue and Laflin 
street. Pupils, 1,232; teachers, 24. 

Jenner, Oak street and Milton ave- 
nue. Pupils, 1,147; teachers, 27. 

Jirka, Seventeenth street, between 
Loomis and Laflin streets. Pupils, 
940; teachers, 21. 

Jones, Plymouth place and Harri- 
son street. Pupils, 630; teachers, 19. 

Jungman, Nutt and West Eight- 
eenth streets. Pupils, 1,222; teach- 
ers, 25. 

Keith, Dearborn and Thirty-fourth 
streets. Pupils, 594; teachers, 14. 

Kenwood, Lake avenue and Fiftieth 
street. Pupils, 497; teachers, 11. 

Kershaw, Union avenue, between 
Sixty-fourth and Sixty-fifth streets. 
Pupils, 1,366; teachers, 30. 

Key, Ohio street and North Park 
avenue. Pupils, 653; teachers, 14. 

King, Harrison street, between 
Western and Campbell avenues. Pu- 
pils, 637; teachers, 14. 

Kinzie, Ohio street and La Salle 



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205 



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avenue. Pupils, 461; teachers, 12. 

Knickerbocker, Belden and Clifton 
avenues. Pupils, 696; teachers, 16. 

Komensky, Throop and Twentieth 
streets. Pupils, 1,279; teachers, 27. 

Kosciusko, Holt and Cleaver 
streets. Pupils, 842; teachers, 21. 

Kozminski, Fifty-fourth street and 
Ingleside avenue. Pupils, 895; teach- 
ers, 18. 

La Fayette, Augusta street and 
"Washtenaw avenue. Pupils, 1,436; 
teachers, 31. 

Langland, Cortland street, between 
Leavitt and Oakley avenue. Pupils, 
781; teachers, 17. 

La Salle, Hammond and Eugenie 
streets. Pupils, 923; teachers, 21. 

Lawson, Thirteenth place and Ho- 
man avenue. Pupils, 882; teachers, 
18. 

Lewis-Champlin, Sixty-second and 
Princeton avenue. Pupils, 926; teach- 
ers, 21. 

Libby, Loomis and Fifty-third 
streets. Pupils, 1,474; teachers, 30. 

Lincoln, Kemper place and Hamil- 
ton court. Pupils, 985; teachers, 23. 

Linne, Sacramento avenue, between 
School street and Belmont avenue. 
Pupils, 1,248; teachers, 25. 

Lloyd, Dickens and North Forty- 
ninth avenues. Pupils, 868; teachers, 
21. 

Logan, Oakley avenue and Rhine 
street. Pupils, 838; teachers, 18. 

Longfellow, Thirty-fifth and Lin- 
coln streets. Pupils, 980; teachers, 
22. 

Lowell, Hirsch street and North 
Spaulding avenue. Pupils, 1,080; 
teachers, 23. 

Madison, Madison avenue, between 
Seventy-fourth and Seventy-fifth 
streets. Pupils, 739; teachers, 18. 

Manierre, Hudson avenue, between 
Blackhawk and Connor streets. Pu- 
pils, 715; teachers, 17. 

Mann, Thirty-seventh street and 
Princeton avenue. Pupils, 690; teach- 
ers, 16. 

Marquette, Wood and Harrison 
streets. Pupils, 1,794; teachers, 36. 

Marsh, Escanaba avenue and One 
Hundredth and First street. Pupils, 
688; teachers, 18. 

Marsh (new building, open about 
December, 1909), Ninety-eighth street 
and Exchange avenue. 

Marshall, Adams street, between 
Spaulding and Kedzie avenue. Pupils, 
774; teachers, 16. 

May, South Fiftieth avenue and 
West Harrison street. Pupils, 477; 
teachers, 11. 

Mayfair, Lawrence and North For- 
ty-fourth avenues. Pupils, 494; 
teachers, 12. 

McAllister, Thirty-sixth and Gage 
streets. Pupils, 676; teachers, 15. 

McClellan, Wallace and Thirty- 
fifth streets. Pupils, 998; teachers, 
23. 

McCormick, Sawyer avenue and 
West Twentv-seventh street. Pupils, 
1,446; teachers, 32. 

McCosh, Champlain avenue, be- 



tween Sixty-fifth and Sixty-sixth 
streets. Pupils, 925; teachers, 20. 

McLaren, York and Laflin streets. 
Pupils, 1,095; teachers, 23. 

McPherson, North Lincoln street, 
between Leland and Lawrence ave- 
nue. Pupils, 1,240; teachers, 25. 

Medill, Fourteenth place, near 
Throop street. Pupils, 930; teachers, 
21. 

Mitchell, West Ohio street and 
North Oakley avenue. Pupils, 1,473; 
teachers, 32. 

Monroe, Schubert, between Monti- 
cello and Lawndale avenues. Pupils, 
1,440; teachers, 29. 

Montefiore, Sangamon street and 
Grand avenue. Pupils, 899; teach- 
ers, 20. 

Moos, California avenue, between 
Wabansia avenue and Bloomingdale 
road. Pupils, 876; teachers, 22. 

Morris, Barry avenue and Bissell 
street. Pupils, 930; teachers, 21. 

Morse, North Sawyer avenue and 
Ohio street. Pupils, 588; teachers, 12. 

Moseley, Michigan avenue and 
Twenty-fourth street. Pupils, 838; 
teachers, 19. 

Motley, North Ada street and West 
Chicago avenue. Pupils, 1,039; teach- 
ers, 22. 

Mulligan, Sheffield avenue, between 
Clay and "Willow streets. Pupils, 
965; teachers, 21. 

Nash, North Forty-ninth avenue 
and West Erie streets. Pupils, 1,250; 
teachers, 26. 

Nettelhorst, Evanston and Aldine 
avenues. Pupils, 996; teachers, 23. 

Newberry, W r illow and Orchard. 
Pupils, 1,253; teachers, 27. 

Nixon, North Forty-second and 
Dickens avenue. Pupils, 1,324; teach- 
ers, 26. 

Nobel, Hirsch street and North 
Fcrty-first avenue and Kamerling 
street. Pupils, 480; teachers, 7. 

Oakland, Fortieth street, between 
Cottage Grove and Langley avenues. 
Pupils, 605; teachers, 13. 

Ogden, Chestnut and State streets. 
Pupils, 634; teachers, 16. 

Oglesby, Green and Seventy-sev- 
enth streets. Pupils, 403; teachers, 9. 

Otis, Armour street and Grand ave- 
nue. Pupils, 1,172; teachers, 26. 

Parental, North St. Louis and West 
Berwyn avenues. Pupils, 198; teach- 
ers, 4. 

Farkman, Fifty-first and Fifth ave- 
nue. Pupils, 862; teachers, 19. 

Park Manor, Rhodes avenue and 
Seventy-first street. Pupils, 727; 
teachers, 16. 

Parkside, East End avenue and 
Seventieth street. Pupils, 584; teach- 
ers, 13. 

Peabody, Augusta street, between 
Noble and Holt streets. Pupils, 936; 
teachers, 17. 

Penn, West Sixteenth street and 
Avers avenue. Pupils, 1,303; teach- 
ers. 27. 

Pickard, Oakley avenue and Twen- 
ty-first place. Pupils, 1,355; teach- 
ers, 31. 



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206 



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Plamondon, West Fifteenth place 
and Washtenaw avenue. Pupils, 601; 
teachers, 13. 

Foe, Fulton and One Hundred and 
Sixtli streets. Pupils, 323; teachers, 8. 

Prescott, Wrightwood and Ashland 
avenues. Pupils, 1,013; teachers, 23. 

Pulaski, North Leavitt and Cob- 
lentz streets. Pupils, 848; teachers, 
17. 

Pullman, One Hundred and Thir- 
teenth street and Morse avenue. Pu- 
pils, 835; teachers, 19. 

Raster, Wood and Seventieth 
streets. Pupils, 653; teachers, 16. 

Ravenswood, North Paulina street 
and Montrose avenue. Pupils, 957; 
teachers, 20. 

Ray, Fifty-seventh street and Mon- 
roe avenue. Pupils, 910; teachers, 20. 

Raymond, Wabash avenue and Thir- 
ty-sixth place. Pupils, 825; teach- 
ers, 18. 

Revere, Ellis avenue and Seventy- 
second street. Pupils, 551; teachers, 
11. 

Rogers, West Thirteenth place, be- 
tween Throop street and Center ave- 
nue. Pupils, 1,832; teachers, 39. 

Ryerson, Lawndale avenue and 
Huron street. Pupils, 873; teachers, 
21. 

Scammon, Morgan and Monroe 
streets. Pupils, 705; teachers, 15. 

Scanlan, Perry avenue, between One 
Hundred and Seventeenth and One 
Hundred and Eighteenth streets. Pu- 
pils, 924; teachers, 20. 

Schiller, Vedder, between Halsted 
and Larrabee streets. Pupils, 1,004; 
teachers, 21. 

Schley, North Oakley avenue, be- 
tween Division street and Potomac 
avenue. Pupils, 1,112; teachers, 23. 

Schneider, Wellington street and 
Hoyne avenue. Pupils, 922; teachers, 
21. 

Scott, Washington avenue, between 
Sixty-fourth and Sixty-fifth streets. 
Pupils, 728; teachers, 17. 

Seward, Forty-sixth street and Her- 
mitage avenue. Pupils, 1,150; teach- 
ers, 27. 

Sexton, Wendell and Wells streets. 
Pupils, 812; teachers, 18. 

Shakespeare, Greenwood avenue and 
Forty-sixth street. • Pupils, 767; 
teachers, 16. 

Sheldon, North State and Elm 
streets. Pupils, 435; teachers, 9. 

Sheridan, Mark, Twenty-seventh 
and Wallace. Pupils, 934; teachers, 
21. 

Sheridan, Phil, Escanaba and Nine- 
tieth streets. Pupils, 1,178; teachers 
24. 

Sherman, Morgan, between Fifty- 
first and Fifty-second streets. Pu- 
pils, 880; teachers, 19. 

Sherwood, Fifty - seventh and 
Princeton avenue. Pupils, 990; teach- 
ers, 22. 

Shields, West Forty-third and South 
Rockwell streets. Pupils, 950; teach- 
ers, 22. 

Skinner, Jackson boulevard and 



Aberdeen street. Pupils, 998; teach- 
ers, 24. 

Smyth, West Thirteenth street, be- 
tween Blue Island avenue and Wal- 
ler street. Pupils, 1619; teachers, 35. 

Spalding (school for crippled chil- 
dren), Park avenue, between Ash- 
land avenue and Paulina street. Pu- 
pils, 82; teachers, 4. 

Spencer, Park and Fiftieth ave- 
nues. Pupils, 528; teachers, 12. 

Spry, Marshall boulevard and West 
Twenty-fourth street. Pupils, 1,364; 
teachers, 27. 

Stanley, Huron and Franklin 
streets. Pupils, 348; teachers, 7. 

Stewart, Kenmore avenue, between 
Wilson and Sunnyside avenues. Pu- 
pils, 1,072; teachers, 24. 

Stowe, Ballou street and Wabansia 
avenue. Pupils, 1,120; teachers, 21. 

Sullivan, Eighty-third and Houston 
avenue. Pupils, 926; teachers, 19. 

Summer, South Forty-third and 
Colorado avenues. Pupils, 1,217; 
teachers, 27. 

Swing, String street, between Six- 
teenth and Eighteenth streets. Pu- 
pils, 839; teachers, 18. 

Talcott, Ohio and Lincoln streets. 
Pupils, 1,316; teachers, 28. 

Taylor, Avenue J and Ninety-ninth 
street. Pupils, 585; teachers, 13. 

Tennyson, Fulton street and Cali- 
fornia avenue. Pupils, 853; teachers, 
18. 

Thomas, Belden avenue and High 
street. Pupils, 540; teachers, 12. 

Thorp, J. N., Superior avenue and 
Eighty-ninth street. Pupils, 798; 
teachers, Id. 

Thorp, Ole A., West Foster avenue, 
near Lincoln avenue. Pupils, 656; 
teachers, 16. 

Throop, Throop street, between 
Eighteenth and Nineteenth streets. 
Pupils, 754; teachers, 16. 

Tilden, Lake and Elizabeth streets. 
Pupils, 717; teachers, 16. 

Tilton, West Lake and South Forty- 
fourth avenue. Pupils, 660; teach- 
ers, 14. 

Tilton (new building, opening about 
June, 1909), Forty-second and West 
End avenues. 

Trumbull (open about September 1, 
1909), North Ashland, Foster and 
Farragut avenues. 

Van Vlissingen, One Hundred and 
Eighth place and Wentworth ave- 
nue. Pupils, 1,388; teachers, 29. 

Von Humboldt, Rockwell and 
Hirsch streets. Pupils, 1,648; teach- 
ers, 36. 

Wadsworth, Lexington avenue, be- 
tween Sixty-fourth and Sixty-fifth 
streets. Pupils, 904; teachers, 19. 

Walsh, Twentieth and Johnston 
streets. Pupils, 1,118; teachers, 25. 

Ward, Shields avenue and Twenty- 
seventh. Pupils, 881; teachers, 20. 

Warren, Ninety-second street and 
Central avenue. Pupils, 397; teach- 
ers, 11. 

Washburne, Fourteenth street, be- 
tween Jefferson and Union streets. 
Pupils, 1,162; teachers, 28. 



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Washington, North Morgan street 
and Grand avenue. Pupils, 1,167; 
teachers, 25. 

Webster, Wentworth avenue and 
Thirty-third street. Pupils, 707; 
teachers, 16. 

Wells, North Ashland avenue, near 
Augusta street. Pupils, 1,364; teach- 
ers, 29. 

Wentworth, Sangamon and Seven- 
tieth streets. Pupils, 1,268; teach- 
ers, 28. 

West Pullman, One Hundred and 
Twentieth street and Parnell avenue. 
Pupils, 858; teachers, 19. 

Whitney, South Fortieth court and 
West Twenty-eighth street. Pupils, 
1,386; teachers, 29. 

Whittier, Twenty-third and Lin- 
coln streets. Pupils, 887; teachers, 
22. 

Wicker Park, Evergreen avenue, 
near Robey street. Pupils, 1,132; 
teachers, 25. 

Willard, St. Lawrence avenue and 
Forty-ninth street. Pupils, 1,102; 
teachers, 23. 

Worthy (House of Correction), 
Twenty-sixth and California avenue. 
Pupils, 226; teachers, 11. 

Yale, Seventieth street and Tale 
avenue. Pupils, 902; teachers, 21. 

Yates, Humboldt and Cortland 
streets. Pupils, 1,048; teachers, 23. 

Public Stands at which vehicles 
may be hired: South side of Ran- 
dolph street, between La Salle and 
Clark streets. East side of Clark 
street, between Adams and Jack- 
son streets. West side of Clark 
street, between Randolph and 
Washington streets. West side of 
Dearborn street, between Adams 
street and Jackson boulevard. East 
side of Canal street, between Adams 
and Madison streets. At all railroad 
stations. 

Pullman is located on the Calu- 
met Lake, and is the most beautiful 
little city on the face of the earth. 
Its great manufacturing plants are 
surrounded by broad and sinuous 
drives, walks, lawns, miniature 
lakes, fountains, etc., that give it 
the appearance of a park rather 
than the seat of a great manufac- 
tory. ^ The Arcade, an immense 
building, in which are all the shops 
or stores, a bank, a library, a thea- 
ter, etc.; the Market House, in 
which all meats and vegetables are 
sold; the hotel and all the resi- 
dences, are built principally of 
pressed brick, showing Gothic, 



Swiss and other styles of architec- 
ture. Pages could be written about 
Pullman, and yet not present half 
its attractiveness. Everyone visiting 
Chicago should take the Illinois 
Central and see Pullman. This is 
the home of the famous Pullman 
palace and sleeping cars., and the 
place of their origin and manufac- 
ture. 

Purpose of Exercise. — Exercise 
should be taken to increase the cir- 
culation and tissue change; to 
stimulate the elimination of waste 
products; to develop the muscles; 
to promote healthy action of the 
digestive organs, and to clear the 
brain and head, thus fitting us to 
do more work and better work 
than we would otherwise be able 
to perform. 

Bagr-pickers. — The rag-pickers of 
the city are mostly Italians and Ger- 
mans. The homes of the Italians are 
found in the South Clark street dis- 
trict, and of the Germans on the 
North Side, in the vicinity of the 
river. The rag-picker starts from 
home between 4 and 6 o'clock every 
morning, and returns from his first 
expedition in time for breakfast at 
eight. But before satisfying his ap- 
petite he proceeds to the cellar un- 
derneath the house, and there empties 
the yield of his journey upon the 
ground, that he may separate the fat 
from the glass, and the iron from the 
rags, making a separate pile of each, 
and afterward disposing of the fat 
to the offal-dealer, the rags to the 
paper-maker, and the iron to the junk- 
man. After breakfast he makes a 
second expedition, and he continues 
his rounds throughout the day. Al- 
though the business does not seem 
profitable to one who merely sees the 
rag-picker with his bag and hook, 
their places of abode are usually re- 
markably clean and well furnished, 
and some of these people, while still 
pursuing their humble occupation, 
have considerable bank accounts. 

Railroads. — Chicago is the child 
of railroads, and this stupendous 
agent of prosperity, with its capacity 
for infinite harm or good, may be 
said to have originated since 1851, 
up to which date, when the New 
York & Erie Railroad opened, the 
method was practically on trial. It 
then became a system, and as such 
has expanded. The ocean built 



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208 



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Tyre and Carthage; Aleppo was the 
child of a route for the camel and 
the pilgrim; St. Louis was predes- 
tined when the Mississippi opened 
its way, but Chicago is peculiarly 
the child of this new and mighty 
system. So distinct and inseparable 
is the inter dependence between 
that system at large and the city 
which has spontaneously shot up at 
the point indicating its focus, that no 
comprehensive view of the one can 
logically exclude the other. If a 
railroad be compassed for the Lake 
Winnipeg region, or up the Valley 
of the Saskatchewan, in a country 
more habitable than Sweden, a thou- 
sand miles north of the source of 
the Mississippi, it is impossible to 
dissociate the thought from Chicago ; 
if it be suggested that without the 
West, Boston, or even New York, 
would languish, the idea of a quali- 
fied dependence on Chicago is imme- 
diately raised. The surveys of the 
Yellowstone Valley, conducted in the 
interest and at the expense of the 
nation, were but the exploiting of 
Chicago engineers, the moment it is 
recollected that the Northern Pacific 
Railroad was to connect that region 
with the most accessible of the great 
commercial marts. The time has 
already come when the arrest of de- 
veloping manufactures in California, 
by the opening of the Pacific rail- 
roads, which exposed them to the 
competing wares of lower-paid labor 
in the East, engaged the pecuniary 
sagacity of Chicago in preparing and 
making her the great shop for sup- 
plying the infinite demand of the 
Far West. Alaska itself is not ex- 
tolled as a fur trader without im- 
plying Chicago as the future pur- 
chaser. The like remark may be 
made of Texas and of Mexico. The 
unaccountable but indisputable ten- 
dency of the Southwest toward a 
lake market shown at an early day, 
in derogation of the most eligible 
water connections southward, is evi- 
dently ineradicable. 

Such considerations really warrant 
the question, What railways in North 
America are not in some degree 
tributary to Chicago? It is an ex- 



pressive fact that the corporate 
names of over fifty railroads em- 
brace that of Chicago. However, it 
is not easy to demonstrate, even of 
a single road, in what its "tributary" 
element consists. Anxious to avoid 
even the appearance of exaggeration, 
we shall ignore the majority of these 
fifty courtiers for the favor of the 
country represented by Chicago, and 
shall, in placing before our readers 
the most comprehensive list of the 
Chicago railroads, confine ourselves 
for the present to the thirty-five and 
more great corporations having their 
terminus, or general offices, in Chi- 
cago. This city is practically the 
terminal point of all the great trunk 
lines of railway, North, South, East 
and West, in the United States, the 
Dominion of Canada, and the Re- 
public of Mexico. Over 90,000 miles 
of railway center in Chicago at the 
present time, and this city is con- 
ceded to be the greatest railway de- 
pot in the world; more passengers 
arrive and depart, more merchandise 
is received and shipped here daily 
than in any other city on the globe. 
Chicago is the terminal of 40 per 
cent of the railroad mileage in the 
United States. 

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe 
Railway (Santa Fe Route). — Gen- 
eral Offices, Railway Exchange build- 
ing, Michigan avenue and Jackson 
boulevard, Chicago. Mr. W. J. Black 
Passenger Traffic Manager, Chicago ; 
Mr. J. M. Connell, General Passenger 
Agent, Topeka, Kan. ; Chicago city 
ticket office, 105 Adams street; pas- 
senger depot, Polk and Dearborn 
streets (Dearborn street station). 

The equipment is thoroughly first- 
class. This system extends to and 
has its ramifications in the following 
States and Territories : Illinois, 
Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, 
Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas, Colo- 
rado, New Mexico, Arizona, Califor- 
nia, as well as points in the Repub- 
lic of Mexico. For arrival and de- 
Darture of trains see daily papers, 
time cards, folders, etc. 

Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. — Mr. 
D. B. Martin, manager passenger 
traffic, Baltimore, Md. ; Mr. B. N. 



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Austin, general passenger agent 
(lines west), Chicago; Mr. C. W. 
Basset, general passenger agent 
(lines east), Baltimore, Md. ; city 
ticket office, 244 South Clark street, 
Chicago ; passenger depot, Grand 
Central station. The Baltimore & 
Ohio is the oldest trunk line of the 
United States. This road is equipped 
in a magnificent manner and its 
through trains to Washington, Balti- 
more and other eastern cities, are 
models of elegance and comfort. For 
particulars, regarding the arrival and 
departure of trains see daily papers, 
folders, etc. The B. & O. 'runs the 
famous Royal Blue trains between 
Chicago, Pittsburg, Washington, D. 
C, Baltimore, Philadelphia and New 
York City. 

Chicago & Alton Railway. — The 
Toledo, St. Louis & Western Rail- 
road (Clover Leaf and "The Only 
Way" ) . — General Office, Railway 
Exchange building, Michigan avenue 
and Jackson boulevard, Chicago. W. 
L. Ross, General Traffic Manager ; Air. 
Geo. J. Charlton, General Passenger 
Agent ; Passenger Depot, Union Sta- 
tion. The general direction of this 
great and favorite road is south and 
southwest, with terminals at Chicago, 
St. Louis, Peoria and Kansas City. 
It is the most direct line to these 
cities and intermediate points, also 
the short line to Springfield, 111., the 
state capital. The road is exceed- 
ingly popular, and its business enor- 
mous. The road-bed, track and 
equipment form recognized standards 
of perfection. For full particulars 
regarding arrival and departure of 
trains see daily papers, time tables, 
folders, etc. The Clover Leaf has a 
direct line from Detroit to St. Louis. 

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy 
Railroad. — Mr. P. S. Eustis, Passen- 
ger Traffic Manager. Mr. J. Francis, 
General Passenger Agent, Chicago. 
General Offices, northeast corner 
Franklin and Adams streets. City 
Ticket Office, corner Adams and 
Clark streets. Passenger Depot, 
Canal and Adams streets. This is 
one of the greatest railway systems 
in the world. The traveler will take 
this road for the principal points in 



the States of Illinois, Wisconsin, 
Iowa, Missouri, Minnesota, Nebraska, 
Kansas, Colorado and Wyoming. 
For particulars regarding the arrival 
and departure of trains see daily pa- 
pers, folders, etc. 

Chicago & Eastern Illinois Rail- 
road. — This road is now operated by 
the Great Rock Island System and 
is a desirable adjunct to the same. 
Mr. John Sebastian, Passenger Traf- 
fic Manager. Mr. W. H. Richard- 
son, General Passenger Agent. Gen- 
eral Offices and Passenger Depot, La 
Salle Street Station. This road has 
a magnificent passenger service be- 
tween Chicago and St. Louis and 
runs a solid vestibule train, with 
dining car between Chicago and 
Nashville, Tenn., via Evansville and 
the Louisville & Nashville Railroad. 
For particulars regarding the arrival 
and departure of trains, see daily 
papers, time cards, folders, etc. 

Chicago Great Western Railway. 
— Mr. L. S. Cass, General Traffic 
Manager. Mr. J. P. Elmer, General 
Passenger Agent, St. Paul, Minn. 
Passenger Depot, Grand Central Sta- 
tion, Chicago. City Ticket Office, 
103 Adams street. This road is a 
direct line between Chicago, Du- 
buque, St. Paul, Minneapolis, Des 
Moines, St. Joseph, Leavenworth and 
Kansas City, passing through the 
States of Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, 
Missouri and Kansas. For particu- 
lars regarding the arrival and de- 
parture of trains, see daily papers, 
folders, etc. 

Chicago, Indianapolis & Louis- 
ville Railway (Monon Route). — 
Mr. Frank J. Reed, General Passenger 
Agent. Mr. E. P. Cockrell, Assist- 
ant General Passenger Agent, Chi- 
cago. City Ticket Office, 182 South 
Clark street. This road is popularly 
known as the "Monon Route." It 
is the direct route between Chicago 
and Cincinnati, and Chicago and 
Louisville, and Chicago and Indian- 
apolis, and the South. This is a 
high class road in every respect, and 
a favorite road with Florida tourists. 
For full particulars regarding ar- 



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210 



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rival and departure of trains see daily 
papers, time cards and folders. 

Chicago, Indiana & Southern 
Railroad. — The new short line with 
greatly improved service between 
Chicago and Danville, Paris, Craw- 
ford County and Lawrence County 
oil fields, Vincennes, Mt. Carmel, the 
Saline County coal fields, Cairo and 
the South. The equipment of trains 
is of the highest standard, consist- 
ing of Pullman buffet-parlor observa- 
tion cars and Pullman buffet-sleep- 
ing cars, elegant new vestibule 
coaches on all trains, affording every 
accommodation for the comfort of 
passengers. All trains arrive at and 
depart from the La Salle Street Sta- 
tion, Chicago, the most centrally lo- 
cated and convenient depot in the 
city, being in the heart of the hotel, 
theater and business district, and the 
only station on the elevated "Union 
Loop." W. J. Lynch, Passenger 
Traffic Manager, and A. M. Pitts, 
City Ticket Agent, 180 Clark street. 

Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul 
Railway. — General Offices, Railway 
Exchange Building, Michigan and 
Jackson boulevards. Mr. F. A. Mil- 
ler, General Passenger Agent. City 
Ticket Office, 95 Adams street. Pas- 
senger Depot, Union Station, Canal 
and Adams streets. This is also one 
of the greatest railway systems in 
America. Its lines gridiron the 
States of Illinois, Missouri, Wiscon- 
sin, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota 
and South Dakota, Montana and 
Washington, while it makes connec- 
tions at Kansas City, Omaha and St. 
Paul with the three great trans- 
continental routes. The road-bed, 
track and equipment are strictly up- 
to-date. For particulars regarding 
the arrival and departure of trains 
see daily papers, time tables, folders, 
etc. 

Chicago & Northern Pacific 
Railroad. — This is a belt road around 
Chicago for suburban traffic and to 
furnish an entry to the city, and 
terminal facilities here for such 
roads as require such service. It 
has a complete belt around the city, 
crossing the tracks of every road that 



enters Chicago. It is used largely 
for transfer purposes. The General 
Offices are located in the Grand Cen- 
tral Depot, Harrison street and Fifth 
avenue. 

Chicago & Northwestern Rail- 
way.— General Offices, 215 Jackson 
boulevard, Chicago. Mr. W. B. 
Kniskern, Passenger Traffic Man- 
ager. Mr. C. A. Cairns, General 
Passenger Agent. City Ticket Office, 
212 Clark street. Passenger Depot, 
Wells and Kinzie streets. This pros- 
perous and remarkable system trav- 
erses the States of Illinois, Iowa, 
Wisconsin, Minnesota, North and 
South Dakota, Nebraska, Michigan 
and Wyoming. The important points 
reached direct are Council Bluffs, 
Omaha, Sioux City, St. Paul, Min- 
neapolis, Milwaukee, Marquette, Ash- 
land, Duluth, Des Moines, Lincoln, 
Pierre and all intermediate points. 
It is not alone a Chicago favorite, 
but popular throughout the thousands 
of miles of fertile country which it 
traverses. 

For full particulars regarding the 
arrival and departure of trains, points 
reached, etc., see daily papers, time 
cards and folders. The Northwest- 
ern's new terminal station, when 
completed, will be one of the very 
finest and costliest railway depots in 
the world. 

Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific 
Railway. — General Offices located in 
La Salle Street Station, Chicago. Mr. 
John Sebastian, Passenger Traffic 
Manager. Mr. L. M. Allen, General 
Passenger Agent. Chicago City 
Ticket Office, 91 Adams street, cor- 
ner Dearborn street. Passenger De- 
pot, La Salle and Van Buren streets. 
This is one of the great systems of 
the world, penetrating the States of 
Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Ok- 
lahoma, Nebraska and Colorado, with 
direct connection with lines operat- 
ing in all the States and Territories, 
from the Mississippi River to the 
Pacific Ocean. The equipment is 
superb. For particulars regarding the 
arrival and departure of trains see 
daily papers, time cards, folders, etc. 

Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago 
& St. Louis Railway. — Passenger 



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Depot, Central Station, Twelfth 
street and Park Row. Mr. Warren 
J. Lynch, Passenger Traffic Manager, 
La Salle Street Station Building, 
Chicago. Mr. H. J. Rhein, General 
Passenger Agent, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
Chicago City Ticket Office, 238 Clark 
street. This line is popularly known 
as the "Big Four Route," which sig- 
nifies the quartette of cities which 
comprise its four terminals. It is 
part of the Vanderbilt system of 
railways, and as such is maintained 
in the best possible manner. For 
full particulars regarding the arrival 
and departure of trains, see daily pa- 
pers, time cards and folders. 

Erie Railroad. — General Offices, 
Fulton Building, 50 Church street, 
New York City. Mr. D. W. Cooke, 
General Traffic Manager, Railway 
Exchange Building, Chicago. Mr. R. 
H. Wallace, General Passenger 
Agent, New York, N. Y. Passenger 
Depot, Dearborn Street Station. City 
Ticket Office, 234 South Clark street, 
Chicago. This is the main stem of the 
Erie Railway system and one of the 
important lines between New York 
and Chicago. It is in every respect a 
magnificent road, with a train serv- 
ice that is not surpassed. Take this 
road for points in Northern Indiana 
and many of the principal cities in 
Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and 
the Atlantic seaboard. For full par- 
ticulars regarding the arrival and de- 
parture of trains see daily papers, 
time cards, folders, etc. 

Grand Trunk Railway System. 
— General Offices, Montreal, Canada. 
Chicago Passenger Depot, Dearborn 
Street Station. Mr. W. E. Davis, 
Passenger Traffic Manager. Mr. G. 
T. Bell, General Passenger and Ticket 
Agent, Montreal, Canada; Mr. Geo. 
W. Vaux, Assistant General Passen- 
ger and Ticket Agent, Chicago. City 
Ticket Office, 249 Clark street, corner 
Jackson boulevard. This is that portion 
of the line connecting the Grand Trunk 
Railway system of Canada with its 
system of railway in the United 
States, centering in Chicago. This 
road is thoroughly efficient, and 
highly important, for it is the link 
that connects this country with the 



Dominion of Canada, which it trav- 
erses in all directions. The traveler 
is advised to take this grand route 
for all points in Central and North- 
eastern Michigan ; for all points in the 
Dominion of Canada. For full par- 
ticulars regarding the arrival and de- 
parture of trains see daily papers, 
time cards, folders, etc. 

Illinois Central Railroad. — Gen- 
eral Offices, Central Station, Chicago. 
Passenger Depot, Twelfth street and 
Park Row. Mr. A. H. Hanson, Pas- 
senger Traffic Manager. Mr. S. G. 
Hatch, General Passenger Agent, 
Chicago. City Ticket Office, 117 
Adams street. This old and popular 
system operates one of the best roads 
in the United States and is the direct 
artery connecting Lake Michigan 
with the Gulf of Mexico. The road 
enters Chicago from the south, wind- 
ing along the lake shore with six 
tracks, every one of which is in con- 
stant use with its enormous through 
passenger, freight and suburban 
traffic. It is safe to say that its 
suburban traffic is greater than that 
of any other road entering the city. 
This railway traverses the States of 
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, 
Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana. 
For full particulars regarding ar- 
rival and departure of trains see 
daily papers, folders, etc., found in 
all hotels, depots and public places. 

Lackawanna Railroad (The Road 
of Anthracite).— Mr. Geo. A. Cullen, 
General Passenger Agent, New York 
City. Chicago City Ticket Office, 101 
Adams street. This road runs through 
trains via _ Buffalo over the Grand 
Trunk Railway system to Chicago 
and is the direct route to the gate- 
way of half the continent. 

Lake Shore and Michigan South- 
ern Railway (Lake Shore Route). — 
Passenger Depot, La Salle Street 
Station. Mr. Warren J. Lynch, Pas- 
senger Traffic Manager, Chicago. 
Mr. J. W. Daly, General Passenger 
Agent, Cleveland, Ohio. Chicago 
City Ticket Office, 180 Clark street, 
corner Monroe street. This road is 
part of and one of the most impor- 
tant lines in the Vanderbilt system. 
It is the famous trunk line between 



RAI— RAI 

Chicago and New York. The pas- 
senger trains on this road are superb. 
The time made is exceedingly fast. 
It is the direct route to all points of 
interest and importance in Michigan, 
Northern Ohio, Pennsylvania, New 
York, and the New England States, 
as well as New Jersey, Rhode Island, 
and Maryland. The Lake Shore con- 
nects directly with the New York 
Central and Hudson River Railroad 
at Buffalo and passengers over this 
line have an opportunity of viewing 
the magnificent scenery of the Hud- 
son River. It also connects with the 
Boston & Albany Railroad, passing 
through the famous Berkshire Hills. 
For full particulars regarding the ar- 
rival and departure of trains see daily 
papers, also time cards and folders. 
Michigan Central Railroad (Ni- 
agara Falls Route). — Passenger De- 
pot, Central Station, Twelfth and 
Park Row.. Mr. W. J. Lynch, Pas- 
senger Traffic Manager. Mr. O. W. 
Ruggles, General Passenger Agent, 
La Salle Street Station building, 
Chicago. City Ticket Office, 236 
South Clark street. It is the direct 
road for points in Michigan and 
Canada, also for Niagara Falls and 
Buffalo, N. Y. The time consumed 
in traveling over the Michigan Cen- 
tral between Chicago and the East 
will prove delightful as the scenic in- 
terest is unequalled. For schedules 
of trains see time cards, folders and 
daily papers. 

Nickel Plate Road. — Passenger 
Depot, La Salle Street Station. Mr. 
B. F. Horner, General Passenger 
Agent, Cleveland, Ohio. Mr. J. Y. 
Calahan, General Agent. City Ticket 
Office, 107 Adams street, Chicago. 
First class service between Chicago, 
New York, Boston and all points 
East. 

Northern Pacific Railway (Yel- 
lowstone Park Line). — Mr. J. C. 
Woodworth, Traffic Manager. Mr. 
A. M. Cleland, General Passenger 
Agent, St. Paul, Minn. Chicago City 
Ticket Office, 208 South Clark street. 
While this famous road does not ex- 
tend to Chicago, every road from 
Chicago to St. Paul and Minneapolis, 
Minn., connects with the Northern 
Pacific and are feeders for it. The 



212 



RAI— RAI 



road and equipment are maintained at 
the point of highest excellence, and 
the country traversed is unexcelled 
in interesting and picturesque scen- 
ery. The Northern Pacific was the 
first trans-continental line to intro- 
duce dining cars, and the general 
excellence of this service has largely 
earned for the road its present envi- 
able reputation. This is the Yellow- 
stone National Park Route. For 
schedules of trains see time cards, 
folders and daily papers. 

Pennsylvania Lines. — Passenger 
Depot, Union Station. Mr. E. A. 
Ford, Passenger Traffic Manager, 
Pittsburg, Pa. Mr. Samuel Moody, 
General Passenger Agent, Pittsburg, 
Pa. Chicago City Ticket Office, 248 
South Clark street. One of the great 
roads in the Pennsylvania system is 
the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & 
St. Louis Railroad. This road is 
familiarly known as the Pan Handle 
Route, and is one of the most im- 
portant roads in the Pennsylvania 
Company's immense system. The 
Chicago & Louisville line, which is a 
direct route to Louisville, Kentucky, 
and all intermediate points, and the 
Chicago & Cincinnati line, which is 
a direct route to Cincinnati, Ohio, 
and all intermediate points, are also 
links in the famous "Pan Handle" 
system. It is also a direct route to 
many of the principal cities in In- 
diana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, the East- 
ern and Middle States. For full par- 
ticulars regarding the arrival and de- 
parture of trains see daily papers, 
also time cards, folders, etc. 

Pere Marquette Railroad. — Pas- 
senger Depot, Grand Central Station, 
Chicago. Mr. H. F. Moeller, General 
Passenger Agent, Detroit, Mich. 
City Ticket Office, 206 South Clark 
street, Chicago. Superior train serv- 
ice to the principal cities of Michi- 
gan. Following are a few of the 
points of interest reached by this 
road from Chicago : Toledo, Detroit, 
Grand Rapids, Lansing, Traverse 
City, Charlevoix, Petoskey, Cheboy- 
gan, Ludington, Bay City and Sagi- 
naw. 

Union Pacific Railroad. — Mr. E. 
L. Lomax, General Passenger and 
Ticket Agent, Omaha, Neb. Mr. W. 




(*213) 



RAI— RAI 



214 



RAI— RAT 



G. Neimyer, General Agent, Chicago. 
City Ticket Office, 120 Jackson boule- 
vard. 

Chicago is now practically the 
Eastern terminal of this great trans- 
continental system, for by a contract 
arrangement with the Chicago & 
Northwestern Railway, through trains 
are now run daily by the Union Pa- 
cific Railroad between Chicago and 
its principal western terminal points. 
For full particulars see daily papers, 
time cards, folders, etc. 

Wabash Railway.— Mr. J. D. Mc- 
Namara, General Passenger Agent, 
St. Louis, Mo. Mr. F. H. Tristram, 
Assistant General Passenger Agent, 
311 Marquette Building, Chicago, 111. 
City Ticket Office, 109 Adams street, 
Chicago. Passenger Depot, Polk and 
Dearborn streets. The Wabash is a 
favorite route from Chicago t© St. 
Louis; distance 286 miles. It passes 
through many of the large and pros- 
perous towns and cities of Illinois, 
among which may be mentioned Red- 
dick, Forrest, Gibson, Mansfield, De- 
catur, Taylorsville, Litchfield, Ed- 
wardsville, and others. It crosses 
the Mississippi at St. Louis on the 
famous steel bridge. From Chicago 
to the East the Wabash runs through 
trains via Detroit, Niagara Falls and 
Buffalo, to New York, with through 
service to Boston via its own line to 
Buffalo and West Shore and Fitch- 
burg Roads east of Buffalo. Also 
through cars over its own line from 
Chicago to Toledo. For full particu- 
lars regarding the arrival and de- 
parture of trains see daily papers, 
time cards, folders, etc. 

Wisconsin Central Railway. — 
Passenger Depot, Central Station, 
Twelfth street and Park Row. Mr. 
James C. Pond, General Passenger 
Agent, and Mr. H. W. Steinhoff, 
Assistant General Passenger Agent, 
suite 401 Harvester Building, 234-8, 
Michigan avenue, Chicago. City 
Ticket Office, 204 South Clark street. 
This splendid road is a direct line 
between Chicago, Milwaukee Mani- 
towoc, St. Paul, Minneapolis, Ash- 
land and the Northwest. This 
railway is a favorite with the 
sportsman, as the fishing and hunt- 



ing at various points along the line 
is unexcelled. There are many sum- 
mer resorts, among which may be 
mentioned Antioch, Silver Lake, 
Waukesha, Fond du Lac, Neenah, 
Menasha and Manitowoc. 

The Wisconsin Central is unex- 
celled in roadbed, track and equip- 
ment. For full particulars regard- 
ing the arrival and departure of trains 
see daily papers, time cards, folders, 
etc. 

Railroad Depots. — The railroads 
centering in Chicago found out some 
time ago that there was much ad- 
vantage in co-operation, so they have 
united both in the building and use 
of the various railroad stations scat- 
tered over the city, of which two are 
located in the West Division, and 
one in the North Division, and the 
other four in the South Division. 

Dearborn Street Station is used 
by the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe; 
the Chicago & Erie ; the Grand 
Trunk; the Chicago, Indianapolis & 
Louisville Railway, Monon Route; 
and the Wabash railroads. This de- 
pot on the South Side is located on 
Polk street, facing Dearborn street. 
It can be reached by street cars on 
State and Dearborn streets, going 
south, and by a special line running 
from the Northwestern Depot to 
Polk on Dearborn street. It is a 
magnificent building, of brick, with 
the most ample accommodations. 
Passengers from the extreme North- 
east can go to the extreme South- 
west of the United States without 
going from under cover at this de- 
pot. 

Grand Central Station. — Harri- 
son street and Fifth avenue. It is 
one of the finest and largest build- 
ings of the kind in the world. The 
station is provided with ladies' par- 
lors, restaurants, bath rooms, and all 
modern conveniences. A carriage 
court is one of the features of the 
depot. The track platforms are _ so 
arranged that incoming and outgoing 
passengers are kept apart from each 
other. The building is used by the 
Chicago Great Western Railway, the 
Baltimore & Ohio Railway, the Pere 
Marquette Railroad and the Chicago 




(215) 




Central Station on Lake Front, Foot of Twelfth Street and Park Row. 



(216) 






RAI— RAI 



217 



RAI— RAL 



Terminal Transfer Railroad. This 
depot is also the eastern terminus of 
the Northern Pacific Railroad (see 
Railroads), thus focusing in this 
magnificent structure several of the 
greatest trunk lines in the world. 

Illinois Central Station. — Lo- 
cated at Michigan avenue and Twelfth 
street (Twelfth and Park Row). 
Reached by any south bound street 
car on Wabash avenue or State 
street, or the South Side Elevated 
road. The location is unexcelled and 
the enormous building that covers 
the ground is the most prominent 
object that attracts the eye of the 
traveler as he approaches the city 
from the lakes. A fine illustration 
of this artistic edifice is given else- 
where in this book, but at best it is 
a miniature of a mammoth enter- 
prise, costing more than a million 
dollars. Chicago is justly proud of 
the new Central Station. The rail- 
roads having their Chicago terminals 
in this station are Cleveland, Cincin- 
nati, Chicago & St. Louis (Big 
Four) ; Michigan Central ; Illinois 
Central ; Wisconsin Central ; Chicago, 
Cincinnati and Louisville, and Grand 
Rapids & Indiana railroads. 

La Salle Street Station. — The 
La Salle Street Railway Station is 
located at La Salle and Van Buren 
streets. The building is 215 feet 
wide, 157 feet long, and is twelve 
stories high. The cost of the station 
is $3,500,000.^ 

The material used in the construc- 
tion is terra cotta and fireproofing. 
The building was completed in the 
summer of 1903. It is occupied 
jointly by Lake Shore & Michigan 
Southern Railway ; C. R. I. & P. Ry. ; 
C. & E. I.; Nickel Plate and Chi- 
cago, Indiana & Southern railways. 
The total floor walk and drive space 
is 397,379 square feet. The train 
shed is 575 feet long and 200 feet 
wide. The office building has eight 
passenger elevators. There are eleven 
elevators in the train shed used ex- 
clusively for baggage and express. 
The average number of train move- 
ments per day of 24 hours are 7,307, 
The number of trains handled per 
day of 24 hours are 312. Number 



of cars handled per day of 24 hours, 
switching not included, 1,818. The 
main waiting room on the second 
floor is 96x118 feet. 

Union Depot. — To and from this 
station are almost constantly moving 
trains belonging to the Chicago & 
Alton ; Chicago, Burlington & Quincy ; 
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul; Chi- 
cago, St. Louis & Pittsburg; Pitts- 
burg, Ft. Wayne & Chicago railroads. 
It is an immense building on the 
West Side. Its grounds stretch along 
the bank of the river for several 
blocks. The station is of brick, front- 
ing on Canal street. The stories 
above the street are devoted to wait- 
ing rooms and ticket offices. 

Wells Street Depot.— Before the 
great fire there was a North and 
South Wells street. For good rea- 
sons the city fathers, when rebuild- 
ing commenced, changed the name of 
South Wells street to Fifth avenue. 
The Northwestern Railway Company 
spared no pains in making this a 
commodious, convenient structure, 
resembling, in general plan, the Union 
Depot, inasmuch as the street is ele- 
vated a story above the tracks, to 
which access is had by stairways both 
outer and inner. As the three divis- 
ions of the Northwestern Railway 
tap some of the most desirable resi- 
dence country in the State of Illinois, 
its suburban traffic is simply enor- 
mous, and when the rush is on, of 
incoming business* men in the morn- 
ing, one wonders where the immense 
crowds will bestow themselves dur- 
ing the day; but when one stops to 
think that this is but one of six, his 
wonder may well grow apace at Chi- 
cago's size. The Northwestern's 
magnificent new depot is now build- 
ing. See New Terminal. 

New Passenger Terminal (Chi- 
cago & Northwestern Railway). — 
The new passenger terminal of the" 
Chicago & Northwestern Railway at 
Chicago is to be one of the finest 
monuments ever erected to the com- 
mercial life and spirit of the West. 

It is to be located between Canal 
and Clinton streets, extending from 
the main entrance fronting on Madi- 
son street over Washington and Ran- 



RAI— RAI 



218 



RAI— RAI 



dolph streets, to Lake street. More 
than three hundred trains will arrive 
at and depart from this terminal 
every day, connecting Chicago with 
hundreds of Western cities and 
towns. 

More than $20,000,000 is to be ex- 
pended to provide a railway entrance 
to the city, through which passenger 
traffic to and from the territory that 
has made Chicago powerful and rich 



provisions for doing this expedi- 
tiously and with the greatest comfort 
will excel anything ever known to 
the traveling public. 

Special attention is given to pro- 
visions for the constantly increasing 
suburban travel which use the new 
terminal. 

Almost 10,000 miles of railway are 
included in the marvelous system of 
the Northwestern Line. It reaches 







La Salle Street Station. 
(This Is the Only Depot Located on the Loop of the Elevated Railway.) 



is to move in ceaseless activity. 

Work upon the new station is pro- 
ceeding with all the rapidity that 
skill and liberal expenditure can 
command. 

The new station will have a ca- 
pacity for handling a quarter of a 
million patrons daily. 

It is confidently asserted that its 



2,000 active western cities, towns and 
villages, included in nine Western 
states, which are thus placed in im- 
mediate and vital touch with Chi- 
cago, the Great Central Market. 

By traffic arrangements with its 
connecting lines practically every 
point west and northwest of Chicago 
is placed in direct touch with the 



RAI— RAI 



219 



RAI— RAI 



city, and freight shipments are han- 
dled with precision and dispatch, con- 
signed through to any one of 9,500 
stations, located on one-fourth of the 
railway mileage of the United States. 
. The Northwestern Line is the pio- 
neer line west and northwest of Chi- 
cago and the only double track rail- 
way between Chicago and the Mis- 
souri River. Its service includes the 
best of everything. 

Among the special trains operated 
by the Chicago & Northwestern Rail- 
way are the following: 

The Overland Limited — Electric 



between Chicago, St. Paul and Min- 
neapolis. 

The Duluth Superior Limited — 
Electric lighted. Leaves Chicago 
daily for Superior and Duluth. 

The Peninsular Express — Leaves 
Chicago daily for the Lake Superior 
Iron and Copper Country. 

The North Shore Special— One of 
twenty-one daily trains between Chi- 
cago and Milwaukee. 

The Ashland Limited— Daily be* 
tween Chicago and Ashland, Wis. 

The Badeer State Express — Daily 
to St. Paul and Minneapolis. 




Union Depot, Canal and Adams Streets. 



lighted. Only three days Chicago to 
San Francisco and Portland. 

The Los Angeles Limited — Electric 
lighted. Every day in the year for 
Los Angeles, Riverside and Pasa- 
dena. 

The China and Japan Fast Mail— 
For San Francisco, Los Angeles and 
Portland. 

The Colorado Special — Electric 
lighted. Only one night to Denver. 

The Northwestern Limited — Elec- 
tric lighted. Daily train between Chi- 
cago, St. Paul and Minneapolis. 

The St. Paul and Minneapolis Ex- 
press—Electric lighted. Daily train 



The Wisconsin Special — Leaves 
Chicago to Green Bay and Menomo- 
nee. 

The Black Hills Express— Chicago 
to the Black Hills. 

Minnesota and Dakota Express — 
Between Chicago and the Black Hills. 

Railroad Fasseng-er Stations. — 

(Roads using various depots): 
Central Station, Twelfth street and 
Park row: 

Big Four Route (C.,C. ( C.& St. L.). 

Chicago, Cincinnati & Louisville 
Railroad. 

Grand Rapids & Indiana Railway. 

Illinois Central Railway. 

Michigan Central Railway. 

Wisconsin Central Railway. 




(220) 



RAI— RAI 



Dearborn Station, Polk and Dearborn 
streets: 

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Rail- 
way. 

Chicago, Indianapolis & Louisville 
Railway (Monon Route). 

Chicago & Erie Railway. 

Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway. 

Chicago & Western Indiana Rail- 
road. 

Wabash Railway. 
Grand Central Station, Harrison 
street and Fifth avenue: 

Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. 

Chicago Great Western Railroad 
(Maple Leaf Route). 

Chicago Terminal Transfer Rail- 
road. 

Pere Marquette Railway. 
La Salle Street Station, Van Buren 
and La Salle streets: 



221 RAI— RAI 

Pittsburg, Ft. Wayne & Chicago 
Railway (Pennsylvania Line). 

Railroad Freight Depots. — 

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Rail- 
way, 1202 State street. 

Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, Fifth ave- 
nue and Polk street. 

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Rail- 
road, 298 Canal street. 

Chicago Great Western Railway 
(Maple Leaf Route), Harrison and 
Franklin streets. 

Chicago, Indianapolis & Louisville 
Railway (Monon Route), Taylor 
street and Custom House place. 

Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Rail- 
way, Union street and Carroll ave- 
nue. 

Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Rail- 
way, Taylor and Sherman streets. 

Chicago & Alton Railway, 2 West 



TABLE OF DISTANCES BETWEEN RAILROAD PASSENGER DEPOTS IN CHI- 
CAGO, EXPRESSED IN MILES AND FRACTIONS OF MILES. 





La Salle 
Street 
Station 


Illinois 
Central 
Station 


C.&.N.W. 
Station 


Dearborn 
Street 
Station 


Grand 
Central 
Station 


Union 
Station 


La Salle Street Station 




1t!o 


ft 


ft 


ft 


ft 


Illinois Central Station 


ll** 




2 


ft 


ft 


1ft 


C. & N. W. Station.... 


A 


2 




1ft 


1 


ft 


Dearborn St. Station 


ft 


A 


1ft 




ft 


1ft 


Grand Central Station 


ft 


f* 


1 


ft 




ft 


Union Station 


ft 


1ft 


ft 


1ft 


ft 





Chicago, Indiana & Southern Railway. 

Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Rail- 
way. 

Chicago & Eastern Illinois Rail- 
road. 

Delaware, Lackawana & Western 
Railroad. 

Lake Shore & Michigan Southern 
Railway. 

New York, Chicago & St. Louis 
Railroad (Nickel Plate Route). 
NorthWestern Depot, Wells and Kin- 
zie streets: 

Chicago & Northwestern Railway. 
Union Depot, Adams and Canal 
streets: 

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Rail- 
way. 

Chicago & Alton Railway. 

Chicago, Milwaukee&St. Paul Rail- 
way. 

Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. 
Louis Railway (Pan Handle). 



Van Buren street. 
Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroad, 

Twelfth street, near Clark. 
Chicago & Erie Railroad, Fourteenth 

and Clark streets. 
Chicago & North-Western Railway, 

Jefferson street and Grand avenue. 
Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. 

Louis Railway, foot of South Water 

street. 
Grand Trunk Railway, Taylor street 

and Plymouth place. 

Illinois Central Railroad, foot of 

South Water street. 
Lake Shore & Michigan Southern 

Railway, Polk and La Salle streets. 
Michigan Central Railroad, foot of 

South Water street. 
New York,- Chicago & St. Louis Rail- 
road (Nickel Plate), Clark street, 

between Taylor and Twelfth streets. 
Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. 

Louis Railway (Pan Handle), 101 

North Clinton street. 



RAI— RAI 



222 



RAI— RAI 



Pittsburg, Ft. Wayne & Chicago Rail- 
way, 2 Madison street. 

Wabash Railroad, Twelfth street and 
Plymouth place. 

Wisconsin Central Railway, foot of 
South Water street. 

Railroad Track Elevation. — From 
May 23, 1892, to September 3, 1907, 
the City Council has passed ordi- 
nances for the elevation of the 
roadbed and tracks and the elimi- 
nation of grade crossings within 
the corporate limits of the City of 



to be paid by the railway and rail- 
road companies. 

Railway Exchange Building. — 

For the purpose of establishing a 
permanent location of general of- 
fices of several railroads, a Chicago 
corporation determined upon the 
plan of erecting an office building 
adequate to the needs of the in- 
terested companies and of sufficient 
proportion to accommodate the va- 
rious associations and prominent 




Railway Exchange Building, Northwest Corner Michigan and Jackson Boulevards. 



Chicago, which have been accepted 
by the different railway companies 
to the amount of $60,190,423; of 
this grand total work has been 
completed to the 31st day of De- 
cember, 1907, to the amount of 
$46,520,250, leaving a balance of 
work yet to be completed of $13,- 
670,170, which must be fully and 
finally completed before the 31st 
day of December, 1911. Every 
dollar of the cost of this work has 



commercial interests identified with 
railroads. The result is the "Rail- 
way Exchange" at the northwest 
corner of Michigan and Jackson 
boulevards, in Chicago. The accom- 
panying illustration shows clearly 
the handsome exterior of the build- 
ing. 

The building is sixteen stories 
high, with attic, making practically 
seventeen stories, and covers 
ground area 171 feet square. 



RAI— RAV 



223 



REA— REA 



The exterior construction is of 
white glazed terra cotta with bay 
windows from the fourth to the 
twelfth floor, inclusive. Entrance, 
is from both Jackson and Michigan 
boulevards, leading directly into a 
rotunda finished in marble and 
mosaic. At the north end of the 
rotunda is a great staircase of mar- 
ble and ornamental iron leading to 
a balcony and to the second floor 
shops. On either side of the stair- 
case are elevators, twelve in num- 
ber, of which six perform local 
service to the eighth floor, while 
the remaining six express service 
and do not stop below the eighth 
floor. 

There is a central court, 60x70 
feet, up to the fourteenth floor, 
above which level the space is ex- 
tended to 89x91 feet. The court is 
open at the top and the interior 
walls finished in white enamel 
brick, thus insuring excellent light 
and ventilation for the inside of- 
fices. 

In interior finish the building is 
most elaborate. Corridor floors 
are of mosaic and the walls wains- 
coted with marble up to the height 
of the transom. The woodwork in 
the offices is of mahogany and the 
floors of hardwood. All the equip- 
ments known to the best class of 
office buildings is provided, includ- 
ing coat room, lavatory accommo- 
dation, hot and cold water, and 
filtered ice water in corridors. 

As to the occupancy of the 
building, the first and second floors 
are devoted to shops, divided to 
meet the requirements of the ten- 
ant. The balance of the building 
is devoted to offices. Among ten- 
ants who occupy entire floors are 
the Chicago & Alton Railway; the 
Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Rail- 
way (two floors); and the Chicago, 
Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway. 

Ravinia. — Ravinia is 21.6 miles 
from Chicago, and has a population 
of 75. This is a new suburb, but 
has beautiful scenerv, which makes 
it the most desirable of the North 
Shore residential sites. Ravinia 



Park is in the south edge of the 
village. 

Real Estate Board. — Feeling the 
necessity of concerted action, rep- 
resentative real estate owners and 
brokers of Chicago organized the 
Chicago Real Estate Board for the 
promotion of the business of its 
members and caring for the inter- 
ests of property owners. No or- 
ganization in Chicago has accom- 
plished as much good for its mem- 
bers and in behalf of the people as 
the Chicago Real Estate Board. It 
has been faithful to the purpose for 
which it was organized, and as per- 
formance is better than promise, 
the record of the Chicago Real Es- 
tate Board for a quarter of a cen- 
tury is ample illustration of what it 
has accomplished and its aims for 
the future. 

Among other things: 

It defeated the attempt of the 
county commissioners to double 
the value of property in Cook 
county, by which taxation would 
have been relatively increased; sub- 
sequently some of these county 
commissioners were convicted and 
sent to prison. 

It was instrumental in organiz- 
ing the Revenue Reform League 
of Cook County, the usefulness of 
which years ago was acknowledged 
by all who were conversant with 
the subject. 

It defeated the passage by the 
city council of an ordinance permit- 
ting private corporations to use the 
space under sidewalks without the 
consent of owners. 

It secured the passage of ordi- 
nances preventing the erection of 
livery stables or blacksmith shops 
on residence streets without the 
consent of owners of property ad- 
joining and opposite the proposed 
buildings. 

It defeated a movement upon the 
part of the county commissioners 
to give the county a monopoly of 
the abstract business by placing it 
entirely in the hands of the county 
recorder and permitting him to 
withhold facilities from others who 
were engaged in the business. 



REA— REC 



224 



RED— REG 



No member shall solicit business 
from owners represented by other 
members by offering less than Real 
Estate Board rates of commission, 
rebates or other money induce- 
ments. 

Agent membership, initiation fee, 
$200; annual dues, $30. 

Board rooms, Real Estate Board 
building, 57 and 59 Dearborn street. 
Incorporated. A. D. 1883. 

Reaping Machine Increases Pop- 
ulation. — In 1854 the per capita pro- 
duction of wheat was 45/3 bushels; 
in 1861, 5y 2 ; in 1890, almost 10 
bushels for each man, woman and 
child in the United States; and to- 
day, with less than one-third of our 
population on the farm, we produce 
enough foodstuffs to feed the peo- 
ple of America, and to export mil- 
lions of bushels to the countries of 
Europe. 

In 1850 the number of farms was 
1,449,073; today the number is ap- 
proximately 6,000,000, the increase 
in the last ten years alone amount- 
ing to considerably more than one 
million. The total area of lands 
cultivated increased during the 
same period from less than 300,- 
000,000 acres to nearly 700,000,000 
acres. 

Receipts of Products. — Chicago re- 
ceipts during 1908 totaled as follows: 

Wheat, bu 21,168,442 

Corn, bu 91,169,147 

Oats, bu 92,529,017 

Rye, bu 1,646,118 

Barley, bu 23,696,615 

Total grain, bu 230,209,339 

Flour, bbls 9,496,037 

Hay, tons 299,938 

Hides, lbs 136,729,644 

Cheese, lbs 83,098,982 

Wool, lbs 66,018,883 

Butter, lbs 316,694,782 

Flaxseed, bu 2,119,335 

Live hogs, No 8,651,669 

Dressed hogs, No 222 

Cattle, No 3,039,206 

Sheep, No 4,351,889 

Dressed beef, lbs 428,729,665 

Lard, lbs 77,301,132 

Barreled pork, bbls 9,260 

Other meats, lbs 235,477,393 

Recorder's Office. — Located in the 
new county building. The staff 
consists of the county recorder, 
one chief deputy, one chief clerk, 
sixty-one clerks, three stenograph- 
ers and 150 folio typewriters. Ab- 



stract folio work is charged for at 
the rate of fifteen cents per page. 
In the abstract department there 
is one superintendent and thirty- 
one clerks. In the Torrens depart- 
ment there are two attorneys, nine 
clerks and two stenographers. In 
the last eleven months of 1908 
there were 250,784 instruments filed 
for record, 1,217,801 folios written, 
1,876 abstracts furnished, the 
amount paid for abstracts was $18,- 
874.60, amount paid for recording, 
$170,380.50. The fees of the Tor- 
rens department during the same 
period amounted to $14,444.45. 

Red Lights. — Red lanterns shall 
be displayed and maintained dur- 
ing the whole of every night at 
each and every pile of material in 
any street or alley and at each end 
of every excavation. 

Regrade 18,000 City Jobs.— The 

regrading of civil service employes 
and the equalizing of their salaries 
— the most important subject in 
the annual budget — will be consid- 
ered by the council finance com- 
mittee. 

In the municipal service there is 
a total of about 18,000 employes, of 
whom the school teachers, firemen 
and policemen compose two-thirds. 
Of the remaining 6,000, it is estimat- 
ed by President Lower of the civil 
service commission, 4,000 will be 
affected. Their grades in the merit 
system will be changed or their sal- 
aries raised or lowered. The plan 
has been worked out in a general 
way for all of the departments and 
in detail for a few of the bureaus 
and divisions, and the new salaries 
will be determined by the finance 
committee. 

It was asserted that as a whole 
the salary roll of the corporate end 
of the municipality would not be 
shifted to any material exte-nt, but 
there will be many changes in the 
compensation of individual em- 
ployes. It has been asserted that 
no man who earns what he is get- 
ting need have the slightest fear of 
his pay being reduced, yet there is 
a general alarm among the em- 
ployes over what may happen. 



REL— REM 



225 



REP— RIV 



Religious Societies. — 

Actors' Church Alliance of America, 
510 Masonic Temple. 

American Bible Society, 206, 42 Mad- 
ison street. 

American Federation of Catholic So- 
cieties, 5827 Princeton avenue. 

American Sunday School Union, 1012, 
153 La Salle street. 

American Tract Society, 630, 324 
Dearborn street. 

Baptist Ministers' Conference, 17 Van 
Buren street. 

Baptist Young People's Union, 10, 
126 Dearborn street. 

Catholic Woman's League of Chicago, 
5047 Grand boulevard. 

Chicago Baptist Brotherhood. 

Chicago Baptist Social Union, 1138, 
159 .ua Salle street.. 

Chicago Bible Society, 206 East Mad- 
ison street. 

Chicago Christian Endeavor Union, 
820, 153 La Salle street. 

Chicago Congregational Club. 

Chicago Congregational Sunday School 
Association, 153 La Salle street. 

Chicago Disciples' Social Union, 1164 
West Congress street. 

Chicago Methodist Preachers' Meet- 
ing, Methodist Church block. 

Chicago Methodist Social Union. 

Christian Ministerial Association, Uni- 
versity of Chicago. 

Chicago Sunday Evening Club. 

Chicago Tract Society, 167 Wabash 
avenue, fourth floor. 

Church Club of Chicago, 410 North 
State street. 

Congregational Ministers' Union, Ma- 
sonic Temple. 

Cook County Sunday School Associa- 
tion, 803, 140 Dearborn street. 

Illinois Christian Endeavor Union, 
820, 153 La Salle street. 

Illinois Sunday School Association, 
140 Dearborn street. 

Lincoln Center Conference of Sun- 
day School Workers, Oakwood boul- 
evard and Langley avenue. 

Luther League of Chicago, 3318 Mad- 
ison street. 

Lutheran Ministers' Association, 435 
Cornelia street. 

Lutheran Woman's League, 208 Town- 
send street. 

National Christian Association, 221 
West Madison street. 

Presbyterian Ministerial Association, 
913 'Masonic Temple. 

Presbyterian Social Union, 301, 158 
State street. 

Unitarian Sunday School Society, 515, 
17 5 Dearborn street. 

Young Men's Christian Association, 
153 La Salle street. 

Young Men's Methodist Union. 

Removal of Dead Animals from 
Streets. — The following number of 
dead animals were removed during 
the oast year at no expense to the 
city: Horses, 5,624; cows, 72; dogs, 
18,250; calves, 21; goats, 84; sheep, 
18; colts, 76. Total, 24,145. 



Reporting Contagion. — A case of 
contagious disease, unless all proper 
care and precautions are taken in 
its management, is a menace to the 
whole community. Thus a case of 
diphtheria may mean only one 
case, or it may mean scores of 
cases, bringing death and sorrow 
to many homes. 

It all depends upon how the first 
case is handled. Contagion is 
spread by the mingling of the sick 
with the well. And a concealed 
case of scarlet fever or diphtheria 
is a terrible danger to a commun- 
ity. This is why the law requires 
that all cases of contagious sick- 
ness be reported by the attending 
physician. It also goes further and 
places the same duty on the parent 
or legal guardian in cases where no 
physjcian is in attendance. 

This is done to fully protect the 
community and to prevent these 
terrible scourges of child life, diph- 
theria and scarlet fever, from be- 
coming epidemic in any given lo- 
cality or throughout the entire city, 
as they would do unless proper 
protective and restrictive measures 
were enforced. 

Restaurant Inspection. — More 
careful attention than heretofore 
has been given to the inspection of 
restaurants, especially to those por- 
tions of such establishments which 
are not subject to the criticism of 
their patrons. The standards have 
been advanced to some degree by 
them as to cleanliness and struc- 
ture, but it is found that ground is 
laid for substantial advances in the 
near future in this regard. 

The total number of restaurants 
inspected is more than 1,900. As 
the year has been a bad one for 
this business, at least 200 have 
passed out of existence. The num- 
ber of licensed, however, is suffi- 
cient to give license fees amount- 
ing to nearly $26,000. The number 
licensed in 1906 was 1,430, in 1907, 
1.635, and licenses and free permits 
in 1908, 1,839. 

River Forest. — River Forest is 
10 miles from Chicago, and has a 
population of 1,539. River Forest 



RIV— ROG 



226 



ROS— ROW 



lies on the east bank of the Des 
Plaines river. Many pretty resi- 
dences are set in well kept lawns, 
and the streets are shaded with oak 
and maple trees. 

Riverside. — Riverside is 11 miles 
from Chicago. The place has many 
beautiful homes set in broad, well 
kept lawns. The water supply 
comes from artesian wells, 2,300 
feet deep. The Riverside Golf Club 
has beautiful grounds two miles 
from the town. 

Riverview Park. — Corner West- 
ern and Belmont avenues. River- 
view Park car . from Clark and 
Washington street; Northwestern 
elevated to Belmont avenue, thence 
west on Belmont avenue; surface 
car to Western avenue, Clybourn 
avenue car or any other west bound 
car, transferring to north-bound 
Western avenue car, passes directly 
in front of the entrance. 

Roofs for Spectatorial Purposes. 

— It shall be unlawful for any per- 
son, whether owner, lessee, man- 
ager or person in control or hav- 
ing charge of any building within 
the city to permit the use of the 
roof of any house or building, 
whether free of charge or through 
admission fee, to any person as a 
place of observation, or for specta- 
torial purposes, unless he has first 
obtained from the commissioner of 
the buildings of the city a permit. 

Rogues' Gallery. — Or Bureau of 
Identification, as it is called, is a 
collection of photographs of per- 
sistent and notorious criminals 
who have, at one time or another, 
fallen into the hands of the police. 
That in Chicago is in the hands of 
the detective office at police head- 
quarters, and consists of over a 
thousand cartes-de-visite of all sorts 
of faces, from that of the coarse, 
sensual felon to the sleek, sancti- 
monious confidence operator. An 
official photographer is employed 
by the police department at a sal- 
ary of $1,200, to take the photo- 
graphs of criminals. Once a pic- 
ture is placed in this gallery it is 
only removed when its subject dies 



or disappears from the criminal 
world, or when he has given am- 
ple proof of his intention to reform 
in the community, by leading an 
honest life for at least five years. 
Many daring burglaries, forgeries, 
etc., have been traced home to their 
perpetrators by the clews furnished 
by a comparison of these pictures 
with such descriptions of suspicious 
characters as were seen about the 
locality when the crime was com- 
mitted. 

Rose Hill Cemetery. — Contains five 
hundred acres of high ground and 
is situated on the Chicago & North- 
western Railway, about six and a 
half miles from the city. The view 
had of this cemetery from passing 
trains, or from almost any point 
surrounding, with its winding car- 
riage and footways, its beautiful 
lakes and its green and sloping 
lawns, reveals a picture of grand 
landscape work that is hardly ex- 
celled. The massive stone en- 
trance, built in the old castle style 
of architecture, affords both of- 
fice and chapel room, and the 
greenhouses, which are very large, 
contain almost every variety of 
plant and flower. The Rose Hill 
Cemetery Company was chartered 
February 11, 1859. Rose Hill con- 
tains many handsome and costly 
tombs and monuments, the most 
prominent of the latter being the 
Soldier's Monument at the head of 
the main avenue. This is one of 
the three prominent Protestant 
cemeteries, and may be reached, 
aside from the railroad, by a 
splendid drive via Lincoln Park. 
Graceland, and the beautiful north- 
ern suburbs. It is seven miles 
north of the City Hall. 

Rowing. — Rowing is confined al- 
most entirely to the parks. Each 
of the larger parks contains a lake 
of considerable size, and a large 
number of boats are continually in 
use during pleasant weather. The 
various boat-clubs, located along 
the lake shore, enjoy themselves 
upon that body of water, but do 
not dare to venture outside of a 
very narrow strip of inland sea, 



RUB— RYE 227 

whose surface is decidedly treach- 
erous. 

Rubber Goods. — The manufac- 
ture of rubber goods of all kinds 
totaled $10,400,000 in value last 
year. In many specialized lines of 
rubber Chicago is the central mar- 
ket of the United States. 



SAF— SAF 



Rules for Long Life.— 1. Avoid 
every kind of excess, especially in 
eating and drinking. 

2. Do not live to eat. Select 
those aliments most suitable for 
nourishing the body, and not those 
likely to impair it. 

3. Look upon fresh air as your 
best friend. Inhale its life giving 
oxygen as much as possible during 
the day; while at night sleep with 
bed room window open at the top 
four or five inches. Follow this 
even in the depth of winter. It 
is one of the great secrets of long 
life. 

4. Be clean both in mind and 
body. It is a fortification against 
disease. 

5. Worry not, nor grieve. This 
advice may seem cold philosophy, 
hard to follow; nevertheless I have 
known persons of a worrying dis- 
position almost entirely break 
themselves of it by a simple effort 
of the will. Worry kills. 

6. Learn to love work and hate 
indolence. The lazy man never 
becomes a centenarian. 

7. Have a hobby. A man with a 
hobby will never die of senile de- 
cay. He has always something 
to keep either mind or body active, 
and therefore they remain fresh 
and vigorous. 

8. Keep regular hours and insure 
sufficient sleep. 

9. Beware of passion. Remem- 
ber that every outbreak shortens 
life to a certain degree, while oc- 
casionally it is fatal. 

10. Have an object in life. A 
man who has no purpose in life to 
live for rarely lives long. 

11. Secure a good partner in life 
but not too early. 

Ryerson Library. — It is a beau- 
tiful and commodious building, and 



the library has become one of the 
most valuable parts of the Art In- 
stitute, consulted annually by about 
50,000 persons. It contains at pres- 
ent about 3,500 volumes, strictly 
confined to fine art, and including 
many valuable works. In it is 
kept the great collection of large 
carbon photographs known as the 
Braun autotypes, sixteen thousand 
in number, including reproductions 
of the paintings, drawings and 
sculpture of most of the well- 
known galleries of Europe. These 
are the gift of Dr. D. K. Pear- 
sons. The library is open at all 
times to members and students, 
and is practically a free public li- 
brary upon Wednesdays and Sat- 
urdays, the open days of the mu- 
seum. 

Safe Deposit Vaults. — It often 
happens, in a large city like Chi- 
cago, that a person, by thrift and 
economy, has come into possession 
of money or other valuables, for 
which they have no place for safe- 
keeping at home or elsewhere, and 
it may not be convenient for them 
to have a ponderous safe. For 
these the great co-operative safes 
of the city have been built and are 
managed. There are twenty-four 
of them in Chicago, nearly all built 
in connection witn some banking 
institution, and offering almost per- 
fect safety for the funds or valua- 
bles therein deposited. 

Safety Devices. — Every passen- 
ger or freight elevator now run- 
ning or operating within the city 
of Chicago, or which may here- 
after be constructed and run and 
operated, shall be provided with 
some efficient device for the pur- 
pose of preventing the cab or car 
of such elevator from falling, or 
the securing of the safety of the 
cab or car and its load, in case it 
does fall and all such devices that 
are applied to such passenger or 
freight elevator for the purpose of 
preventing such cab or car from 
falling or for stopping it in case it 
does fall, shall be subjected to a 
practical test, such test to be made 
under the supervision of the com- 



SAL— SAN 



228 



SAN— SEC 



missioner of the buildings, to de- 
termine the efficiency of such de- 
vice and to secure the safety of the 
cab or car and its contents. Every 
person, whether owner or agent of 
any building wherein any such pas- 
senger or freight elevator within 
the city is now run or operated, or 
which may hereafter be constructed 
or operated, who shall fail or neg- 
lect to provide such passenger 
freight elevator with such_ device 
for the purpose of preventing the 
cab or car from falling, or the se- 
curing of the safety of the cab or 
car in case it does fall, shall be 
fined not less than twenty-five dol- 
lars nor more than two hundred 
dollars for each and every day on 
which such elevator is run or op- 
erated without being provided with 
such device. 

Saloons. — There are within the 
city limits, 7,120 saloons which pay 
a license of $1,000 per year. Many 
of the saloons in the loop district 
are veritable art galleries, and no 
expense has been spared to make 
them as attractive as possible. 

Saloons Open Sunday. — The 

Supreme Court of Illinois held that 
it has no jurisdiction to compel 
Mayor Busse to enforce the pro- 
visions of the state law requiring 
the closing of saloons on the first 
day of the week. This decision up- 
holds the finding of the Appellate 
Court last May. 

Sanitary Police. — At present the 
roster of the sanitary police force 
of the Health Department num- 
bers thirty-five men, one from each 
ward in the city. Chicago may 
well be proud of her sanitary 
squad. There are few cities in the 
Union that can show a squad of 
men possessed of as much- intelli- 
gence and certainly none contain- 
ing as many faithful workers. The 
salary of a sanitary policeman is 
the same as a member of the police 
force ($1,000) per annum. 

The total number of notices to 
abate nuisances served during the 
past year by the sanitary police 
was 39,386. 



San Souci Park. — Located on the 
corner of Cottage Grove avenue 
and Sixtieth street. Halsted, Ash- 
land, State or Wentworth south 
bound cars, transferring to east 
bound Sixty-first cars in Fifty- 
ninth street. Cottage Grove, ave- 
nue cars direct to gate. 

School Budget.— The school bud- 
get for 1909 made its appearance 
along with the recommendations 
for salary increases. Appropria- 
tions were made for estimate re- 
ceipts as follows: 

Building Account — 

Cash on hand, general fund. $1,305,025 

Due from bonds and inter- 
est account $ 35,000 

School tax levy, 1908, less 

cost of collection, etc... 3,840,000 

Total $5,180,025 

Liabilities on building con- 
tracts 1,372,432 



Amount available $3,807,593 

Educational Account — 

Cash on hand, education ac- 
count $ 15,685 

School tax levy, 1908, less 

cost of collection, etc.... 8,026,920 

From other sources 947,159 



Total $8,989,764 

On the building fund, $3,207,594 
was appropriated for new buildings 
and sites. The largest single item 
in the long list of educational ap- 
propriations was $5,470,000 for sal- 
aries of superintendents and teach- 
ers of elementary schools. 

Security Trust and Deposit 
Company. — Located in the Ma- 
sonic Temple Building, northeast 
corner State, and Randolph streets, 
has the largest and most magnifi- 
cently appointed Safety Deposit 
Vaults in the world, has room for 
20,000 strong boxes, ranging from 
$2.50 to $30 per year, according to 
size. This is said to be the only 
safety deposit company in the 
world furnishing both day and 
night service, an advantage that 
can not be overestimated by its 
patrons. Mr. C. M. Dickinson, 
prominent in banking circles and 
the business world of Chicago, is 
president of the company. Giles 
H. Dickinson, also prominent in 
Chicago financial life, is secretary 



SEM— SEM 



229 



SER— SEW 






and treasurer, and C. L. Thayer, a 
man of long experience in the 
safety deposit business, is the 
superintendent. Every precaution 
is taken for the safety of the 20,- 
000 boxes in these superb vaults. 
The six great doors and vestibules 
weigh in the aggregate some fifty 
tons. Guards watch the rooms by 
day and night, and an army of 
crooks, with a platoon of dynamit- 
ers, could not force an entrance. 
About 15,000 of the 20,000 safes 
now in the great vaults are in use, 
so there is still room for many 
additional depositors. This num- 
ber of depositors, 15,000, is almost 
unparalleled, even by the oldest in- 
stitutions of New York and Lon- 
don. 

Seminary of the Sacred Heart. — 

Blind, indeed, would be any sight- 
seer in Chicago, who could ride on 
the West Twelfth street cars, from 
Halsted street to Ashland avenue, 
and fail to notice the substantial 
buildings and spacious grounds of 
the Seminary of the Sacred Heart 
at 485 West Taylor street. The 
structures are built of a gray brick, 
in the gothic form of a cross, and 
show the massive solidity of the 
Catholic church. They cover but 
a small part of the ten acres of 
grounds, included in the block 
bounded by Taylor and Sibley 
streets. Gilpin place and Troop 
street. These grounds are kept in 
nice order and tell of the unwearied 
care in all minor details necessary 
for successful management. This 
institution was founded in 1860 and 
incorporated in 1870. It is main- 
tained as a boarding school for 
young ladies, with ample accom- 
modations for about 200 students. 
The whole interior is conveniently 
arranged and tastefully fitted, so 
far as color and decoration are con- 
cerned, for the purpose for which 
it is designed. The school is in 
charge of the Religious of the 
Sacred Heart, who also maintain 
here a parochial school of about 
1,000 girls, where all branches are 
taught that are taught in the pub- 
lic schools. It is conceded by all 



who have means for judging, that 
there is no finer school in the coun- 
try for the education of young la- 
dies than this. 

Servants Are Human. — This is a 
fact which most of the persons who 
are unable to keep a servant in 
their houses for any length of time 
are apt to forget. On the other 
hand, the atmosphere of republican 
institutions is fatal to good service. 
You may take your choice in Chi- 
cago of Irish, Negro, Swedish, 
French or German "help," as it is 
called, and it is largely a matter of 
taste. There are good servants to 
be found among those of each race. 
If you want a servant the best way 
is to advertise in one of the daily 
papers. Having selected from 
among the applicants one who ap- 
pears to answer your requirements,- 
personally investigate his or her 
character, as written characters are 
as a rule untrustworthy and not 
worth the trouble of reading. Serv- 
ants are not entitled to any per- 
quisites whatever, and if you allow 
them to do your purchasing of 
groceries, meat, vegetables, etc., it 
is not unlikely that you will find 
that they receive a percentage upon 
your bills from tradesmen. It is 
useless to forbid female servants to 
have "followers," as their love, like 
that of their betters, laughs at lock- 
smiths. The best way is to allow 
them to receive their visitors under 
certain regulations that you may 
make, and after acquainting your- 
self with the character of the visi- 
tor. 

Sewer-Gas. — There is no more 
prolific source of such deadly dis- 
ease as typhoid fever, diphtheria, 
and malarial affections generally, 
than the presence, often undetected, 
of sewer-gas in dwelling houses. 
The first care of persons into apart- 
ments or dwellings should be to 
examine the waste pipes to see that 
they are properly trapped with au- 
tomatic or elbow trap. 

Sewerage of Chicago. — On Feb- 
ruary 16, 1847, a legislative act sup- 
plementary to the city charter 



SEW— SHE 



230 



SHE— SLE 



granted power to the common 
council to build and repair sewers 
by special assessments upon the 
property benefited thereby. In the 
year 1849 Madison street east and 
west and State street north and 
south were decided upon as the 
summit in the South Division of 
the city; the grade of that portion 
lying north of Madison street and 
west of State street to slope to the 
north and drain into the main river. 
The portion east of State street to 
slope east and drain into the lake. 
The portion south of Madison 
street and west of State street to 
slope west and discharge into the 
South Branch of the river. Noth- 
ing was done in the way of drain- 
age, except open ditches, until the 
year 1850, when triangular shaped 
wooden box sewers were built in 
Clark, La Salle and Wells streets 
from the main river to the alleys 
south of Randolph street; the cost 
of these sewers was $2,871.90, which 
amount was wholly paid for by the 
property benefitted. The Drainage 
Canal and city datum has changed 
all this and the sewage is con- 
ducted to the river, leaving the lake 
free of contamination. 

Sheriff's Office.— Located in the 
new county building. The regular 
force consists of one sheriff; one 
assistant sheriff; one chief deputy; 
two chief bailiffs; one real estate 
and bond clerk; one cashier; one 
summons clerk; one assistant sum- 
mons clerk; one executive clerk; 
six clerks; one stenographer; one 
messenger; twenty-eight deputy 
sheriffs; 102 bailiffs; one bailiff, 
Chicago Heights. 

The receipts of the office for the 
past fiscal year was $52,579.33. 
writs served in the same period: 
Circuit Court, 14,212; Superior 
Court, 15.531; County Court, 2,333; 
Criminal Court, 44,401; Probate 
Court, 1,390; Municipal Court, 
6,881. Pauper writs served, 1,374; 
subpoenas, citations, attachments 
and capiases served, 37,345; venire- 
men served, 27.964; grand jurors 
served, 614. Miles traveled, 1.228,- 
474; fees earned $181,254.76. 



Sherman House. — There is hardly 
a traveler who has ever passed 
through Chicago that has not heard 
of, visited, or been a guest of, the 
Sherman. In the first place, the 
location is directly in the midst of 
the heart of the city — all the thea- 
ters, all of the railroad offices, the 
court house and many of the banks 
are in its immediate vicinity — 
hence the desirability of being at 
this house; secondly, it is one of 
the best equipped and well man- 
aged of hotels. Located northwest 
corner of Clark and Randolph 
streets. 

Sinai Temple, in Moorish style 
of architecture, is located on In- 
diana avenue, corner Twenty-first 
street. The Sinai congregation in- 
cludes many of the leading Jewish 
families of the city. The auditor- 
ium is in amphitheater style, and 
the interior finishing and furnish- 
ing are very fine. Rev. E. G. 
Hirsch is minister. 

Skating. — Skating in Chicago was 
formerly a popular winter amuse- 
ment, but the semi-tropical nature 
of the winters since 1888 has al- 
most destroyed the pastime. The 
parks, especially Lincoln, furnish 
excellent facilities for skating and 
a short spell of cold weather brings 
out thousands of skillful skaters. 
A small strip of the lake close to 
the shore can also be utilized for 
this enjoyment. 

Sleeping Car Rates. — 

Rates of Sleeping Car Fares From 
Chicago to Principal Cities. 

Albany, N. Y $4.50 

Baltimore, Md 5.00 

Boston, Mass 5.50 

Buffalo, N. Y 3.00 

Cairo, 111 2.50 

Cincinnati, Ohio 2.00 

Cleveland, Ohio 2.00 

Council Bluffs, Iowa 2.50 

Denver, Colo 6.00 

Detroit, Mich 2.00 

Erie, Pa 2.50 

Indianapolis, Ind 2.00 

Jacksonville, Fla 7.50 

Kansas City, Mo 2.50 



SLO— SMO 



231 



soc— soc 



Louisville, Ky $2.00 

Minneapolis, Minn 2.00 

New Orleans, La 6.00 

New York City 5.00 

Omaha, Neb 2.50 

Philadelphia, Pa 5.00 

Pittsburg, Pa 2.50 

Quincy, 111 2.00 

Rochester, N. Y 3.00 

St. Joseph, Mo 3.00 

St. Louis, Mo 2.00 

St Paul, Minn 2.00 

Springfield, 111 2.00 

Toledo, Ohio 2.00 

Washington, D. C 5.00 

"Slot" Machines. — In many pub- 
lic places, such as railway stations, 
museums, etc., are to be found 
numerous automatic machines for 
various purposes. By dropping a 
cent or a five-cent piece, as the 
case may be, into a slot, the ma- 
chine is set in motion. Some tell 
the patron his exact weight, some 
perfume his handkerchief with 
cologne water, some provide him 
with candy, chewing gum, or a 
paper-bound novel. 

Smoke. — "After 100 years of 
commercialism we have learned to 
breathe dirt as well as to eat it," 
says a foreign writer. The same 
assertion is true in a modified de 
gree as to the denizens of Chicago. 
Long familiarity with smoke and 
soot has bred indifference to them, 
if not the proverbial contempt. 
The effects, however, are visible on 
every hand in pallid faces, falter- 
ing steps and decrepit forms. A 
lack of vitality is seen on every 
hand. Lassitude has usurped the 
place of energy, and in many in- 
stances enterprise starting forth 
with vigor and enthusiasm of_ a 
fresh revelation has relaxed its 
hold and degenerated into a simple 
reminiscence. The City Council 
has frequently legislated against 
this evil, the smoke-inspector has 
done wonders in abating the nuis- 
ance, yet the fact remains that the 
city is still afflicted in a very large 
degree with the dusky incubus. 
The pure air of heaven wafted over 
the broad expanse of Lake Michi- 



gan from the east, or carried over 
the broad prairies from the south 
and west becomes contaminated, 
and when inhaled into the lungs 
produces physical results prejudic- 
ial to the public health and well- 
being. 

Social Settlements. — These insti- 
tutions are exactly what the name 
implies. They are of a homelike 
nature and the doors are open to 
all who comform to the rules. 
There is music, dancing, reading 
rooms. Entertainments are fre- 
quently given and a helping hand 
is extended to the stranger. A visit 
to any of the following will repay 
anyone: 

Abraham Lincoln — Oakwood and 
Langley. 

Association House — 575 West 
North avenue. 

Chicago Commons — North Mor- 
gan street and Grand avenue. 

Chicago Hebrew Institute — West 
Taylor and Lytle. 

Christopher House — 120 Fuller- 
ton avenue. 

Dearborn Center — 3825 Dearborn 
street. 

Eli Bates House — 80 Elm street. 

Elizabeth E. Marcy Home — 134 
Newberry avenue. 

Esther Falkenstein Settlement 
House — 712-714 North Humboldt 
street. 

Fellowship House — 869 Thirty- 
third place. 

Forward Movement — 305 West 
Van Buren street. 

Frances E. Willard — 133 Morgan 
street. 

Francis E. Clark — 2014 Archer 
avenue. 

Frederick Douglass — 3032 Wa- 
bash avenue. 

Gads Hill — 869 West Twenty- 
second street. 

Halsted Street Institutional 
Church Settlement — 778 South 
Halsted street. 

Henry Booth House — 166 West 
Fourteenth place. 

Hull House— 335 South Halsted 
street. 

Maxwell Street— 185 West Thir- 
teenth street. 



SOI— sou 



232 



SOU— SOU 



Neighborhood House— 6710 South 
May street. 

Northwestern University — Au- 
gusta and Noble. 

Olivet House — 44 Vedder street. 

St. Mary's — Fourty-fourth street 
and Union avenue. 

South End — 8951 Superior ave- 
nue. 

University of Chicago — 4630 
Gross avenue. 

Soil of Illinois.— The soil of Illi- 
nois is its greatest source of wealth. 
To keep that soil fertile and pro- 
ductive should be the first care of 
the state government. Two things 



have produced 11 bushels, 10.2 
bushels, and 14.7 bushels of corn, 
respectively per acre as a total for 
six years, while three other plots 
of similar intervening or adjoining 
land, treated with potassium, have 
produced 264.8 bushels, 262.7 bush- 
els, and 232.4 bushels, respectively, 
per acre as a total for six years." 
These remarkable results were se- 
cured through soil analysis and soil 
experiment. What was needed was 
ascertained. The want was sup- 
plied. "The net profits now being 
secured annually from the use of 
potassium on these soils are alone 



SOUTH PARK DISTRICT— PARKS AND BOULEVARDS. 
Table of Areas and Lengths of South Parks and Boulevards. 





Total 
Areas, 
Acres. 




Width. 


Total 

L'gths, 

Miles. 




542.89 
371.00 
322.68 
205.14 
80.00 
74.88 
60.60 
60.54 
40.48 
66.19 
29.95 
22.88 
20.00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 
10.00 
11.47 
4.95 
19.16 
18.52 
20.00 


Michigan Avenue. . . | 
Garfield Boulevard.. 
Western Ave. Boul. . 
Grand Boulevard. . . . 
Drexel Boulevard. . . 

Prairie Avenue 

South Park Avenue. 

Jackson Street 

Oakwood Boulevard. 
Thirty-third Street. 
Sixteenth Street. . . . 
Twenty-ninth Street. 
Fifty-seventh Street 

Loomis Street 

Sixty-sixth Street. . . 
Sixty-seventh Street. 
Normal Avenue .... 

Total 


80-100 ft 

200 ft 

200 ft 

200 ft 

200 ft 

66 ft 

66 ft 

100 ft 

100 ft 

66 ft 

50 ft 

66 ft 

100 ft 

66 ft 

66 ft 

66 ft 

66 ft 


5.73 




3.50 




2.81 


Grant Park 


2.81 


Midway Plaisance 


1.48 


McKinley Park 


1.23 


Sherman Park 


.87 


Og"den Park 


.50 


Palmer Park 


.50 




.31 


Hamilton Park 


.14 


Bessemer Park 


.17 


Gage Park 


.03 


Mark White Square 

Armour Square 


1.47 
1.50 




3.99 


Davis Square 


2.08 






Russell Square 




28.48 








No. 1 5 Park 


The total area of parks and boule- 


No. 16 Park 


vards is 2,423.37 acres. 


No. 17 Park 








Total 


2,021.33 





now stand out in sharp contrast. 
One is that in the other states of 
the union the soil has been de- 
pleted by wrong methods of culti- 
vation and by reason of ignorance 
of facts easily discovered. The 
other is that there is abundance of 
positive evidence to prove that the 
science of agriculture can save pro- 
ductive soils from exhaustion and 
can make land valuable that has 
been counted of little worth. 

"On the soil experiment field 
near Momence three plots of 
ground, not treated with potassium, 



far above the total annual cost of 
all soil investigations for the state." 

SOUTH PARKS AND BOULEVARDS. 

By Acts of the Legislature of the 
State of Illinois, aproved February 
24 and April 16, 1869, the South 
Park District was created. 

The Acts referred to authorized 
the organization of a Board of 
Park Commissioners consisting of 
five members, the term of one 
member expiring each year, the 
Commissioners to be appointed by 
the Circuit Judges of Cook County. 



SOU— sou 



233 



SOU— SOU 



The Acts defined the limits of the 
Park District and also the lands 
which were to be taken for park 
and boulevard purposes, and pro- 
vided for the levying of a special 
assessment upon all of the property 
within the park district for the pur- 
chase of the lands, and also pro- 
vided for the levying of taxes for 
the maintenance and improve- 
ments of the parks and boulevards. 

On April 30, 1869, five Commis- 
sioners, having been appointed by 
the Circuit Judges, qualified and 
organized as a board. 

The Acts creating the Park 
Board gave to the Commissioners 
exclusive control of all the lands 
selected and acquired for parks and 
boulevards, making the Board a 
separate and distinct municipal 
corporation with authority to levy 
taxes and make rules and regula- 
tions for the control of the terri- 
tory under its jurisdiction, such 
board being entirely independent 
of the city or county authority and 
having power to create and main- 
tain its own police force. 

The area of the South Park Dis- 
trict is 92.6 square miles, including 
within its limits the South Town 
of Chicago, Hyde Park, South Chi- 
cago, Grand Crossing, Englewood 
and The Stock Yards, extending 
from the Chicago River south to 
One Hundred and Thirty-eighth 
street, a distance of 16^4 miles; and 
from Lake Michigan westward to 
West Forty-eighth avenue, a dis- 
tance of 1054 miles. 

The population of the district in 
1907 was 658,687. 

The assessed valuation of the 
property within the district for 1907 
was $291,427,546— this being esti- 
mated as one-fifth of the actual 
value of the property. 

The original act provided for the 
acquirement of Washington Park, 
Jackson Park, Midway Plaisance. 
Grand boulevard. Drexel boulevard, 
Garfield boulevard and Western 
avenue. Subsequently other parks 
and boulevards were acquired. 

The parks now number twenty- 
three and the boulevards seven- 



teen. The area of the parks and 
length of the boulevards now un- 
der control of the South Park 
Commissioners aggregate 2,021.33 
acres of parks and 28.48 miles of 
boulevards — in all an acrea of 
2,423.37 acres. 

In 1903 and 1904 fourteen new 
parks were added to the number 
under the jurisdiction of the Park 
Commissioners, ten of which have 
been completely improved. 

In each of ten parks there are 
two indoor gymnasiums, one for 
men and boys and one for women 
and girls. These gymnasiums are 
equipped with modern apparatus, 
steel lockers and ample baths. 
There are also outdoor gymnasiums 
or playgrounds and at least one 
baseball diamond in each of ten 
parks. All gymnasiums and play- 
grounds are in the care of trained 
instructors, who conduct classes in 
gymnastics, dancing and games in- 
doors from October to May, and 
games, athletics and sports out- 
doors from May to October. Play- 
ground equipment has been se- 
lected with special reference to the 
play instincts and tendencies of all 
groups and ages. Gymnasium 
classes, sports and pastimes are 
organized for school children, 
young working boys and girls and 
adults. 

In connection with the gymna- 
siums and playgrounds above re- 
ferred to, there are in the ten park 
buildings assembly halls, club 
rooms, reading rooms, refectories, 
locker rooms and shower baths. 
The buildings are open for the use 
of the people every day in the year. 

The gymnasiums and playgrounds 
during the school year are open 
from 3:30 in the afternoon until 10 
o'clock at night, except on Satur- 
days and holidays, when they are 
open at 10 o'clock in the morning. 

The swimming pools are open 
from about June 1st until about 
October 1st, two days a week being 
set aside for women and girls. 

The shower baths are in use 
every day in the year. 

The assembly halls and club 



sou— sou 



234 



SOU— SOU 



rooms are reserved for the use of 
most any moral purpose, including 
dances — politics and religious serv- 
ices excepted. 

The Park Commissioners furnish 
bathing suits, towels and soap, for 
which there is no charge made. 
Neither is there any charge for the 
use of any of the facilities in the 
building, except in the refectories, 
where the prices are the very low- 
est. 

One of these play parks, Armour 
Square, for instance, which is per- 
haps typical of all except that it is 
not the largest, is ten acres in ex- 
tent and cost: 

For the land $ 50,000 

For the buildings and swim- 
ming pool 94,000 

For improvement and equip- 
ment 76,000 



Total $220,000. 

To operate Armour Square costs 
on the average about $29,000 per 
year, including policing and every 
other expense of operation and 
maintenance. 

All of each of these ten parks 
completed are equipped in the same 
manner; the buildings and facili- 
ties varying somewhat in plan and 
dimensions. 

The Park Commissioners do not 
grant concessions to any one in the 
parks under their control. 

Boating, refectories, soda foun- 
tains and all other services to the 
public are operated by the Park 
Commissioners, the Commissioners 
operating an ice cream factory and 
laundries for the laundering of the 
bathing suits and towels. 

The Park Commissioners have 
erected their own electric light sta- 
tion, from which all the parks 
throughout the system are fur- 
nished with current for the outside 
as well as the inside lighting, ex- 
cept two of the parks, Palmer and 
Calumet, which have not yet been 
connected. 

The station is a modern one in 
every particular, the power being 
a turbine engine with a capacity of 



1,000 kilowatts. It is located in 
Washington Park. 

The police force consists of one 
captain, one lieutenant, four ser- 
geants and 125 men, and is ap- 
pointed by and under the control 
of the Park Commissioners. 

There are two golf courses main- 
tained in Jackson Park, one nine- 
hole and the other eighteen-hole. 

At the first tee of the eighteen- 
hole course there is a large shelter 
with commodious lunch counter; 
750 lockers, and shower baths for 
both men and women. All of these 
are furnished free of any charge, 
and the demand is so great that, 
notwithstand the fact that four 
persons are assigned to each locker 
all who applied for space could not 
be accommodated. 

The use of the course is very 
great, having reached as high as 
1,400 people playing over the 
eighteen-hole course in one day. 

Every provision is made for all 
sports and games in the parks. 
Baseball, tennis and other games 
are allowed on Sundays as well as 
other days. 

Tennis courts are maintained by 
the Park Commissioners in various 
parts of the park for the use of the 
public without charge, the players 
being changed every even hour, 
provided there are persons waiting. 
Many courts are marked out for 
the use of those who bring their 
own nets to the parks with them, 
and when they place their net upon 
a court it is theirs for the day, pro- 
vided they want to continue its use. 

Suitable provisions are also made 
for curling, tobogganing and skat- 
ing, there being nineteen skating 
ponds and seventeen toboggan 
slides maintained each winter. 

Row boats are owned and oper- 
ated by the Park Commissioners 
in all of the parks where there are 
lakes of sufficient size for boating; 
and in addition, in Washington and 
Sherman Parks there is a large 
barge for children and in Jackson 
Park a harbor of 24.26 acres is re- 
served for the anchorage of private 
pleasure boats, both sail and power. 



sou— sou 



235 



SOU— SOU 



Moorings are furnished without 
charge by the Park Commissioners 
for 150 boats. All the moorings 
are occupied during the season and 
there is usually a large waiting list. 

The investment made by the peo- 
ple of the South Park District in 
their parks and boulevards is as 
follows: 

For lands $ 5,776,915.20 

For improvements 11,306,413.02 

Following will be found a state- 
ment of the location of the differ- 
ent parks and squares under the 
control of the Park Commissioners 
and the best means of reaching 
them by public conveyance: 

Jackson Park. — 542.89 acres, ex- 
tending 1^ miles along the water's 
edge of Lake Michigan. One nine 
and one sixteen-hole golf course, 
golf shelter containing lockers and 
baths for both men and women, 
and lunch counter; football and 
baseball fields, tennis courts, eques- 
trian paths, boating, yacht harbor, 
skating, tobogganing, Columbus 
caravels, Field Columbian Museum 
and German Buildings, retained 
from the World's Fair. The Ger- 
man Building is now used as a re- 
fectory and the museum is in op- 
eration as such. Other structures 
retained from the World's Fair are 
the Japanese Buildings on Wooded 
Island and the La Rabida Convent, 
now used in summer as a sanita- 
rium for children. The Cohokia 
Courthouse, the first courthouse 
erected in the state of Illinois, is 
on the Wooded Island. 

Jackson Park lies between Fifty- 
sixth and Sixty-seventh streets and 
Stony Island avenue and Lake 
Michigan. It may be reached from 
down town by the Cottage Grove 
and Jackson Park surface cars, the 
South Side Elevated road and the 
Illinois Central Railroad. 

Midway Plaisance. — One mile 
long and 660 feed wide; 80 acres. 
Connecting link between Washing- 
ton and Jackson Parks. Tennis 
courts, equestrian paths, skating, 
hockey and tobogganing. 

The location of the Miday Plai- 
sance is between Fifty-ninth and 



Sixtieth streets and Washington 
and Jackson Parks. It may be 
reached from down town by the 
Cottage Grove surface cars and the 
Illinois Central Railroad. 

Washington Park. — 371 acres. 
Tennis courts, baseball and foot- 
ball fields, roquet courts, bowling 
greens, boating, duck pond and 
wading pool, floral display and con- 
servatory, speeding course, fly- 
casting pond, equestrian paths, 
curling, tobagganing, skating, arch- 
ery range, basketball courts, ad- 
ministration buildings (offices, sta- 
bles, shops, power plant and ice 
cream factory), refectory and hall. 
At the Fifty-first and Grand boule- 
vard entrance (Washington Square) 
is the equestrian statue of Wash- 
ington by French. 

The park lies between Fifty-first 
and Sixtieth streets, South Park 
and Cottage Grove avenues. It 
may be reached from the business 
center of the city by the Indiana 
avenue and Cottage Grove avennue 
surface lines and the South Side 
Elevated road. 

Grant Park. — 205.14 acres, 70.86 
acres are surfaced and the re- 
mainder of park is under proc- 
ess of construction and improve- 
ment It contains the Art Insti- 
tute, Logan Monument, by St. 
Gaudens, and a temporary one- 
fourth mile running track and ath- 
letic field. 

This park is in the business cen- 
ter of the city east of Michigan 
avenue, between Randolph and 
Park Row, having a frontage of 
one and one-eight miles on Lake 
Michigan. It is within ten minutes' 
walk of any of the leading hotels. 

Marquette Park. — 322.68 acres. 
Seventy-five acres are improved. 
The improvement of the remainder 
is in progress. It contains ball 
fields, tennis courts, toboggan slides 
and skating ponds. 

This park lies between Sixty- 
seventh and Seventy-first streets, 
California avenue and the Chicago 
Grand Trunk Railroad. It may be 
reached from down town on the 
Grand Trunk Railroad and State 



sou— sou 



236 



SPI— SPO 



street. Cottage Grove avenue, 
Wentworth avenue and Sixty-third 
street surface lines. 

McKinley Park. — 74.88 acres. 
47.37 acres are improved and the 
remainder of the park is under pro- 
cess of construction and nearing 
completion. The improved portion 
contains the following in full oper- 
ation: Swimming pool, children's 
playground, men's outdoor gym- 
nasium, women's outdoor gymna- 
sium, tennis courts, ball fields and 
courts, wading pool, shelter, skat- 
ing and tobogganing. A statue of 
William McKinley, by Mulligan, is 
placed in the northwesterly por- 
tion of the park. 

This park lies between Thirty- 
seventh and Thirty-ninth streets, 
Western avenue and Robey street. 
It may be reached from down town 
on the State street and Archer ave- 
nue surface lines. 

Calumet Park. — 176 acres. A 
public bathing beach on the shore 
of Lake Michigan has been estab- 
lished with ample dressing quar- 
ters for bathers, and temporary 
ball fields and tennis courts have 
been laid out. This park lies in 
South Chicago east of the Elgin, 
Joliet & Eastern Railroad tracks, 
between Ninety-fifth and One Hun- 
dred and Second streets and has a 
frontage along Lake Michigan of 
four-fifths of a mile. It can be 
reached from the business center 
of the city by the Lake Shore and 
Ft. Wayne Railroads to One Hun- 
dredth street, or the South Side 
Elevated to Sixty-third street and 
Madison avenue and then the Ham- 
mond and Whiting surface lines to 
One Hundredth street. 

Gage Park. — Twenty acres. Ten- 
nis, ball field, sand courts, wading 
pool and floral display. 

This park lies at the intersection 
of Garfield boulevard (Fifty-fifth 
street) and Western avenue. It 
can be reached by the Panhandle 
and Chicago Terminal Railroads, 
and by the State street, Archer 
avenue and Western avenue sur- 
face lines. 



South Side. — The South Side 
contains all the territory south of 
the Chicago River and east of the 
south branch of the Chicago River. 
This also includes the Loop dis- 
trict. 

South Side Free Dispensary. — Is 

at 2431 Dearborn street. Physicians 
from this dispensary visit the poor 
who are unable to call at the hos- 
pital, for which no charge is made. 

Spitting. — Eight men were ar- 
rested in the down town district 
recently for alleged violation of 
the health ordinance prohibiting 
spitting on sidewalks, in street cars 
and in any other public place. The 
police are active in arresting vio- 
lators of the ordinance against spit- 
ting on the sidewalks, etc. 

Sporting Clubs. — Automobiling 
— Chicago Automobile Club, Ply- 
mouth court, near Jackson boule- 
vard. 

Chess and Checkers — Chicago 
Chess and Checker Club, room 
1124, 109 Randolph. 

Cricket — Wanderers' Cricket and 
Athletic League, Seventy-first street 
and East End avenue. 

Fencing — Y. M. C. A. Fencing 
Club, 153 La Salle street. 

Football — Many important foot- 
ball games are played on the 
grounds of the University of Chi- 
cago (Marshall Feld) and at North- 
western University, Evanston. 

Handball — Chicago Athletic Club, 
125 Michigan avenue. Members 
are invited guests only. McGurn's 
Court, 206 East Division street. Y. 
M. C. A., Association Building, 153 
La Salle street; members only. 

Tennis — Aztec Tennis Club, 
North Park avenue, between Ful- 
lerton and Belden avenues. Wood- 
lawn Tennis Club, Woodlawn ave- 
nue and Sixty-sixth street. 

Tennis courts are maintained by 
the different park commissions 
which are entirely free to the pub- 
lic under conditions which will be 
explained by attendants in charge 
of the courts. Rackets and balls 
must be furnished by the players. 



ST. I— ST. J 

Whist — Chicago Whist Club, 
room 921, 109 Randolph street. 

St. Ignatius College. — Located at 
413 West Twelftn street. This 
splendid institution, for the higher 
education of the Catholic youth of 
Chicago and vicinity, was erected 
in 1869. It is conducted by the 
Fathers of the Society of Jesus. A 
charter was granted to the college 
by the Legislature of the State of 
Illinois June 30, 1870, with power 
to confer the usual degrees of the 
various faculties of a university. 
The studies pursued in the college 
comprise the doctrines and evi- 
dences of the Catholic religion. 

St. Jarlath's Church.— This beau- 
tiful church is of thirteenth century 
Gothic style, with the lotfy, pointed 
gables, bold deep buttresses, alter- 
nating lancet and transcendent 
windows, deeply recessed and 
molded doorways. It is located 
at Hermitage avenue, corner of 
West Jackson boulevard. 

St. Joseph's Home for the Friend- 
less is a refuge for respectable 
young girls out of employment, 
situated at 409 and 411 South May 
street, on the West Side. Its prin- 
cipal object is to afford the protec- 
tion of a home to respectable 
young girls out of employment, un- 
til such time as they can secure 
positions in offices. The terms for 
board vary with location of room, 
from $2 to $5 per week. Quite a 
number of young ladies employed 
down town have private rooms in 
the Home, preferring the restful 
quiet offered here to more stirring 
quarters elsewhere. The building 
is conveniently and comfortably ar- 
ranged for over 200 persons. It is 
self-supporting. 

St. Joseph's Hospital. — Is located 
at 360 Garfield avenue and is con- 
ducted by the Sisters of Charity. 
Patients who can are expected to 
pay for treatment. 

St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum. — Is at 
3 and 5 Thirty-fifth street, under 
the management of the Sisters of 
St. Joseph. Boys and girls are re- 



237 ST. J— STA 

ceived from four to eight years of 
age and educated. 

St. Joseph's Providence Orphan 
Asylum. — Located at Fortieth and 
Belmont avenues. 

St. Luke's Hospital. — Is one of the 

largest in the city, and is located 
at 1439 Michigan avenue. The 
medical staff are men of the high- 
est standing in the profession. The 
hospital is under Episcopalian man- 
agement, yet no distinction is made 
to admission. 

St. Mary's Training School. — Is 

conducted by the Christian Broth- 
ers. It is located at Feehanville, 
Cook County. Boys, principally 
waifs, are cared for and given in- 
struction in agriculture and me- 
chanics. 

St. Vincent's Infant Asylum. — 

Admits children under six years of 
age. Children are. boarded here by 
their parents, and others are 
brought in by the police. The Sis- 
ters of Charity, by whom it is con- 
ducted, have recently moved into 
their new and handsome building, 
located at 191 La Salle avenue. 

St. Xavier's Academy. — This is 

certainly a handsome structure. 
The institution was first opened in 
1846, since which time it has occu- 
pied a position in the educational 
history of Chicago worthy of note. 
It is conducted by the Sisters of 
Mercy, who devote their time and 
abilities to the moral, as well as 
practical education of their young 
lady pupils. The building is admir- 
ably located at 4928 Cottage Grove 
avenue. It is commodious, sub- 
stantially built, and its interior is 
provided with all the comforts and 
conveniences that go to make a 
healthful, pleasant home. The 
course of study includes the va- 
rious branches of education that fit 
a young lady to occupy her proper 
position in the walks of life. 

Star and Garter Theater. — Lo- 
cated on Madison street near Hal- 
sted. Attention is called to the fact 
that the Star and Garter is the 



STA— STA 



238 



STA— STA 



safest playhouse in America. It 
is constructed of steel, stone, brick, 
marble and concrete throughout, 
and every aopliance and device in- 
stalled is of tested reliability, en- 
dorsed and approved by the munic- 
ipal authorities. The exit space is 
far in excess of the legal require- 
ments. 

Perfect sanitary conditions are 
maintained in this theater by the 
use of the automatic disinfecting 
appliances. 

Red lights, operated on an en- 
tirely independent gas system, are 



tion. Not more than two can be- 
long to the same political party. It 
is the duty of the board to investi- 
gate and, if possible, adjust such 
differences between employers and 
employes as may be submitted to 
it. The usual method of bringing 
controversies before the board is 
for one or the other of the parties 
interested to make a written appli- 
cation for a hearing with a promise 
not to declare a strike or lockout 
pending the decision of the arbi- 
trators. It is. however, provided 
that whenever it shall come to the 



STATE CONTROL OF DUNNING. 



The administration bills for the 
maintenance and improvement of the 
state institution include a measure 
anticipating the state control of 
Dunning asylum, and appropriation 
of $385,740 being asked for the oper- 
ation of that portion of the Cook 
County institution. 

An appropriation for the establish- 



ment of an epileptic colony is asked 
and provision is made for the pur- 
chase of a site for a new insane asy- 
lum. 

A comparison of the appropriations 
made by the last legislature, with 
the requests made this year for the 
seventeen .charitable institutions of 
the state shows the following: 



Institution- 



1907. j 



1909. 



Increase 



Jacksonville insane 

Kankakee insane 

Elgin insane 

Anna insane 

Watertown insane 

Criminal insane 

Bartonville 

Industrial Home for Blind 
School Home for Blind. 

School for Deaf 

Lincoln 

Soldiers' Home 

Soldiers' Widows' Home. . . 
Soldiers' Orphans' Home.. 
Eye and Ear Infirmary. . . 
Training School for Girls. . 
St. Charles School 



Totals $6,603,402 



532,500 
997,400 
552,300 
481,700 
540,000 

84,400 
855,000 
103,000 
126,300 
300,000 
453,700 
658,386 

46,800 
165,322 
113,863 
316,531 
276,300 



660,300 
,278,100 
733,000 
836,000 
577,300 

98,400 
966,400 
166,831 
152,480 
343,500 
757,000 
531,900 

79,500 
175,600 
118,000 
375,500 
442,600 



$8,292,411 $1,689,009 



127,800 

280,700 

180,700 

354,000 

37,300 

14,000 

111,400 

63,831 

26,280 

43,500 

303,300 

♦126,486 

32,700 

10,278 

4,137 

58,969 

166,300 



*Decrease. 

kept constantly burning over every 
exit in this theater. 

Hyde & Behman Amusement 
Company, directors; Richard Hyde, 
proprietor; U. J. Herrmann, resi- 
dent manager. 

State Board of Arbitration. — The 

Illinois State Board of Arbitration 
was created by an act of the legis- 
lature approved August 2, 1895. It 
consists of three members ap- 
pointed by the governor, each serv- 
ing three years. One must be an 
employer and one an employe, 
chosen from some labor organiza- 



knowledge of the board that a 
strike or lockout is seriously 
threatened, the board shall, as soon 
as possible, put itself in communi- 
cation with the employer and em- 
ployes and endeavor by mediation 
to effect an amicable settlement be- 
tween them. Headquarters at 
Springfield. 

State Charities. — Eight appro- 
priation bills, prepared under the 
direction of the State Board of 
Charities, and introduced in the 
Legislature by Representative 
Shanahan and Senator Hurburgh, 



STA— STE 



239 



STE— STE 



call for over $6,000,000 for the 
maintenance of the seventeen state 
charitable institutions during the 
next two years. They also call for 
over $3,000,000 for new buildings 
and improvements to increase the 
comfort of the state's unfortunate 
wards. 

These measures aim to bring 
about state care and curative treat- 
ment of all the insane in public in- 
stitutions, leaving none to be lodged 
in county almshouses. 

State Street.— This splendid thor- 
oughfare is one of the longest, the 
broadest, the most important in a 
business way, and the one on 
which the fine retail business of the 
city finds its maximum develop- 
ment. It extends from North ave- 
nue and Lincoln Park in the North 
Division, to a point far down to- 
ward the south end of the county, 
where the surveying chain of man 
runneth not to the contrary — in all, 
at least nineteen miles in a straight 
line from north to south. Of this 
stretch the northernmost mile is 
occupied chiefly by residences of 
the better class. The crowds on 
this street are at all times equal 
to those on Broadway, New York. 
The street railroads from all direc- 
tions empty their passengers here, 
and a jostling, elbowing, hurrying 
through is the result. 

Steamship Lines and Agencies. 

Allan Line Royal Mail Steamships, 
174 Jackson Boul. 

American Line, 92 Dearborn. 

Anchor Line, 21 Sherman. 

Anchor Line, 2 Wells. 

Barry Bros. Trans. Co.. foot of Mich- 
igan. 

Benton Transit Co., foot of Michi- 
gan St. 

Boenert, Anton, 266 Clark. 

Brown, F. C, 92 Dearborn. 

Canada Atlantic Transit Co., 462 
North Water. 

Canadian Pacific Railway Co., 232 
Clark. 

Caravelis & Boussoulas Co., 10 Dear- 
born. 

Chavdaroff Bros. Co., 141 W. Adams. 

Chicago Lighterage Co., 462 Illinois. 

Chicago Line, 2 Rush. 

Chicago-South Haven Line, 7 Rush. 

Clark, Gust. 446 31st. 

Claussenius, H., & Co., gen. western 
agents North German Lloyd S. S. 
Co., 95 Dearborn. 



Compagnie Generale Transatlantique 
French Line Mail Steamers, 71 
Dearborn. 

Conners, W. J., 410 North Water. 

Cook, Thos & Son, 234 Clark. 

Cunard S. S. Co. (Ltd.), 67 Dearborn. 

De Stefano, G. S., 374 Clark. 

Diamond Jo Dine Steamers, 98 Jack- 
son. 

Dominion Line, 92 Dearborn. 

Dunkley-Williams Co., 7 Rush. 

Erie & Western Trans. Co., 2 Wells. 

Fekete, Joseph, 676 Grand Ave. 

Fitzpatrick Book Store & Steamship 
Agency, 154 22d. 

Frangiamore, G., & Co., 63 Oak. 

Frank's Ticket & Tourist Co., 193 S. 
Clark. 

French Dine Mail Steamers, 71 Dear- 
born. 

Ginsburg, M., & Son, 212 W. 12th. 

Goodrich Transit Co., foot of Michi- 
gan Ave. 

Goodrich Transit Co., 101 Adams. 

Graham & Morton Trans. Co., 48 
River. 

Greenwald, Schwartz & Co., 270 W. 
14th. 

Guthman, Gerson, 517 N. Ashland 
Ave. 

Hamburg-American Line, 159 Ran- 
dolph. 

Hamburg- American Line, 238 La 
Salle. 

Henderson Bros., 21 Sherman. 

Heymar, Alfred, 831 S. Ashland Ave. 

Hill Steamboat Line, foot of Michi- 
gan. 

Holland-America Line, 69 Dearborn. 

Indiana Transportation Co., south 
end Clark St. bridge. 

International Mercantile Marine Co., 
2 Sherman. 

International Mercantile Marine Co., 
92 Dearborn. 

Jankovich, A. C, 2127 Archer Ave. 

Kaitis, Peter M., 221 Wabansia Ave. 

Klaus, Vincent J.. 4800 Ada. 

Krulewich, H., 433 S. Halsted. 

Kuhlmann, Wm., 211 Cleveland Ave. 

Lake Michigan Car Ferry Trans. Co., 
5th Ave. and Harrison. 

Lake Michigan Car Ferry Trans. Co., 
91st and Harbor Ave. 

Leyland Line, 92 Dearborn. 

Lowitz, Julius S., 225 Dearborn. 

Manitou Steamship Co., 7 Rush. 

Marcinkiewicz & Milaszewicz, 4667 
Gross Ave. 

Mastrorianni, P., 135 Ewing. 

McNamee, Thomas, 4643 Halsted. 

Meccia & Manno, 70 Oak. 

Medosh, Frank, 9485 Ewing Ave. 

Michigan City-Chicago Line Steam- 
ers, south end Clark St. Bridge. 

Michigan, Indiana & Illinois Line, 98 
Jackson Boul. 

Mortensen & Crook, 332 Grand Ave. 

Nausiedas, Iz., 917 W. 33d. 

Nigro, Luigi M., & Co., 420% Clark. 

North German Lloyd S. S. Co., 95 
Dearborn. 

Northern Michigan Trans. Co., foot of 
Michigan. 

Northern Steamship Co., 220 Clark. 

Phillips, Andrea, 153 Chicago Ave. 

Pikowsky, H, & Co., 324 W. 12th. 



STE— STE 



240 



STE— STO 



Pittsburg Steamship Co., 2 Sherman. 
Prince Line, 108 La Salle. 
Red Star Line, 92 Dearborn. 
Robertson, Jas. P., 253 La Salle.| 
Romano, R. V., & Co., 416 Clark. 
Rosinski, Joseph, 521 Noble. 
Rutland Transit Co.. 130 Kingsbury. 
Sanderson & Son, 135 Adams. 
Scandinavian American Line, 120 

Kinzie. 
Schiff & Co., 503 S. Jefferson. 
Sicula Americana, 108 La Salle. 
Skala, F. J., Co., 320 W. 18th. 
Skandinavian American Line, 126 

Kinzie. 
Slomski, John J., 1004 W. 18th. 
Sobat & Pocuca, 8948 Strand. 
South Haven Line, 7 Rush. 
Stamatides-Papakostas Co., 269 Hal- 

sted. 
Tananevicz, Michael J., 184 W. 18th. 
Union Steamboat Line, 70 Market. 
Upham, J. F., 6 Sherman. 
Wagner, L., 9225 Commercial Ave. 
Ward Line, 202 Clark. 
Wedesweiler, H., 108 La Salle. 
Western States Line, 2 Wells. 
Western Transit Co., 376 N. Water. 
Western Transit Co., 138 Jackson 

Boul. 
White Star Line. 92 Dearborn. 
Zinner. Bock & Co., 71 Washington. 

Steamboats and Water Trans- 
portation. — Chicago not only lays 
her hand upon the traffic of the 
United States through her enor- 
mous mileage of tributary rail- 
roads, but during the summer, when 
the straits are open, she is really a 
maritime city, just as easy of ac- 
cess as any of the ocean seaports, 
because of her situation on Lake 
Michigan, and through the chain of 
lakes, canals, and the St. Lawrence 
River, to the ocean. It is only 
when winter closes the straits of 
Sault Ste. Marie, that the owners 
of land transportation routes give 
freights a little upward boost. But 
the cost of transportation has al- 
ways been held down by the carry- 
ing capacity of the great water- 
route. 

The Graham & Morton Trans- 
portation Company operates the ele- 
gant steamers "Puritan" and "Hol- 
land" on the Holland Division, and 
the steamers "City of Benton Har- 
bor" and "City of Chicago" on the 
St. Joseph Division, between Chi- 
cago and St. Joseph, and Benton 
Harbor, Mich. A trip on the lake 
between the points mentioned ^ is 
something to be remembered with 
a great deal of pleasure. Steamers 



leave Chicago at 9:30 a. m. and 
11:30 p. m. daily, including Sunday; 
10 a. m. Sunday only; 2 p. m. Sat- 
ruday only. 

Goodrich Transit Company. — The 
steamships of the line, nine in num- 
ber, are the largest, finest and 
handsomest that ply the waters of 
the Great Lakes. Comfort is the 
main thing considered on this line. 
State rooms have all conveniences, 
and are furnished throughout in 
the most luxurious style, including 
running water, electric lights and 
call bells. Every state room has 
perfect ventilation. 

The popularity of the Goodrich 
Line has been earned and will be 
maintained by a first class service 
in every respect. The steamships 
of this line are under the careful 
supervision of competent masters, 
experienced engineers, and a pru- 
dent but progressive management. 
Names of the steamers: Christo- 
pher Columbus, Virginia, City of 
Racine, Carolina, Sheboygan, In- 
diana, Iowa, Georgia and Chicago, 
on which a most enjoyable trip 
may be had from Chicago to Mil- 
waukee, Grand Haven, Muskegon, 
White Lake, Mackinac Island, 
Michigan and Wisconsin summer 
resorts. 

Stock Exchange. — Rates of com- 
mission are as follows: 

"Section 1. Commissions shall 
be charged, and paid under all cir- 
cumstances, and upon all transac- 
tions, both purchases and sales, or 
upon contracts for the receipt or 
delivery of securities. Such com-, 
missions shall be calculated in all 
cases upon the par value of securi- 
ties, and shall be at the rates here- 
inafter named; and such rates shall 
be in each case the lowest commis- 
sion that may be charged by any 
member of the Exchange, and shall 
be. absolutely net, and free from all 
or any rebatement, return, discount 
or allowance in any shape or man- 
ner whatsoever, or by any method 
or arrangement, direct or indirect. 
And no bonus, percentage or por- 
tions of the commissions so estab- 



STO— STO 



241 



STO— STO 



lished shall be given, paid or al- 
lowed, directly or indirectly, to any 
clerk or person for business sought 
or procured for any member of the 
Exchange. 

"Section 2. On all business for 
parties not members of the Ex- 
change, including joint account 
transactions in which a non-mem- 
ber is interested, transactions for 



"Section 3. Exceptions to the 
foregoing rules shall be made in 
the following stocks: 

"On bank stocks and all stocks 
selling at and over $200 per share, 
the. commission shall be 25 cents 
per share. 

"On all stocks selling at $300 per 
share, the commission shall be 50 
cents per share. 




Stock Exchange Building, Southwest Corner Washington and La Salle Streets. 



parties not members of the Ex- 
change and for firms of which the 
Exchange member or members 
are special partners only, the com- 
mission charge on stocks shall 
not be less than 12^ per cent share 
and on bonds not less than one- 
eighth of 1 per cent. 



"On all stocks selling at or over 
$500 per share, the commission 
shall be one dollar per share. 

"Provided that in no case shall 
the commission on the purchase or 
sale of either stock or bonds be 
less than two dollars. 

"Section 4. The minimum com- 



STO— STO 



242 



STO— STR 



mission on transactions between 
the members of the Exchange 
shall be one-half the above-named 
rates — except where one member 
merely buys or sells for another 
(giving up his principal on the day 
of the transaction) and does not 
receive or deliver the stock, in 
which case the rates shall not be 
less than two cents per share, pro- 
vided that in no case shall the com- 
mission be less than one dollar. 

"The commission upon govern- 
ment bonds shall be one-sixteenth 
of 1 per cent, upon the par value 
thereof, except as between mem- 
bers* when the rate shall be one- 
thirty-second of 1 per cent." 

An important feature, besides, 
was the. establishment of a Gratuity 
Fund, whereby the heirs of each 
member deceased should receive 
a gratuity of $4,000. 

Stock Exchange Building. — The 

Stock Exchange Building is located 
on the southwest corner of La 
Salle and Washington streets. It 
is diagonally opposite the City 
Hall and Court House, and con- 
venient to all transportation lines. 
The entrances are at La Salle street, 
and Washington street. This build- 
ing is specially desirable for law- 
yers, real estate, insurance, stock 
brokers, etc. 

The building is constructed upon 
the most modern and approved 
plan. Thoroughly fireproof, fin- 
ished throughout in marble, mosaic, 
oak and mahogany. The walls and 
ceilings are painted, and no calci- 
mine is used. 

There are ten large elevators, 
equipped with automatic doors and 
electric signals, insuring safety and 
speed and furnish superior service. 
The building is maintained at a 
high standard. The offices are 
large and comfortable, having ex- 
cellent natural light and ventila- 
tion. Supplied with hot and cold 
water. The steam heat is con- 
trolled by automatic regulators ad- 
justed to maintain any desirable 
temperature. The electric light 
fixtures are placed so as to suit the 
convenience of tenants. 



Storage. — Large warehouses, 
where one can hire rooms, small 
enough to put in two or three 
trunks, or large enough to receive 
the furniture of an entire building, 
have, of late, been established in 
every part of Chicago. Besides 
renting the space for storing arti- 
cles, the managers of these places 
will insure them against both fire 
and robbery, while some will ad- 
vance money thereon. Ordinarily, 
the person hiring a room is fur- 
nished with a key, which gives him 
access at all reasonable hours. 

Stratford Hotel. — On Michigan 
and Jackson boulevards. Is su- 
perbly furnished, finely conducted, 
and ranks with the most noted ho- 
tels in Europe and America. 

Street Car Transfers. — Any part 
of the Northwest Side may be 
reached by Milwaukee avenue 
or Elston avenue cars and trans- 
fer, any part of the North Side 
may be reached by North Clark 
street cars and transfer, any part 
of the West Side by Madison or 
Twelfth street cars and transfer, 
and any part of the South Side by 
Wentworth avenue, State street, 
Cottage Grove avenue or Indiana 
avenue cars and transfer, though 
time may often be saved by the 
use of other lines. 

Street Cleaning. — The block sys- 
tem of cleaning streets which has 
been in vogue in the down town 
section of the city for several years 
was introduced in the majority of 
the other wards and the street 
cleaner with his push cart is now a 
familiar sight throughout the city 
and the streets were never in bet- 
ter condition. This system is very 
satisfactory, each man being re- 
sponsible for the number of blocks 
he is given charge of. The dirt 
swept up and hauled in the push 
cart by him and placed in piles and 
removed by the teams daily. 

Forty-eight thousand seven hun- 
dred and forty-four and one-third 
miles of streets and alleys were 
cleaned, necessitating the removal 
of 213,487 loads, or 810,687 cubic 



STR— STR 



243 



STR— STR 



yards of street dirt; 606.894 square 
yards of weeds were cut; 1.184,199 
inlets to catch basins were opened 
and cleaned. The total cost for 
street and alley cleaning, cutting 
weeds and opening and cleaning in- 
lets to catch basins, was $668,- 
650.33. 

Thirty-five thousand one hundred 
and sixty-six loads, or 145,680 cubic 
yards of snow were removed at a 
cost of $49,999.96. 

Street Grades. — No change will 
be made in the grades of the down 
town streets, according to a decis- 
ion reached by Commissioner of 
Public Works at a conference with 
real estate men and engineers of 
the department. The street car 
companies have been notified to 
give two weeks' notice when they 
intend to make any improvements 
in the down town district, so that 



the engineers can determine the 
grade of the street on which the 
work is to be done. It was decided 
to fix the top of the curb wall at 
fourteen feet above city datum, and 
the present paving line of the 
streets will be varied to fit the con- 
ditions existing on each street as it 
is repaved. 

Street Lightning — The city is 

LIGHTED BY : 

Lights, electric 8,447 

Lights, gas . 22,735 

Lights, gasoline 6,729 

Street Obstructions. — Permits for 
the obstruction of streets shall be 
issued by the commissioner of pub- 
lic works and shall be paid for, in 
proportion to the street frontage 
occupied, at the rate of two dollars 
per month for each twenty-five feet 
of frontage so occupied. 



STREET GUIDE EXPLANATION. 



The publisher of Moran's Dictionary of Chicago expended considerable 
time and labor in the preparation of a Complete Street Guide, which he 
intended to make a feature of this work. But he has recently learned that 
the publication of the guide, as arranged, would soon be obsolete and con- 
fusing, because the City Council is at present changing the nomenclature of 
the streets, and also the numbering of buildings, as will be seen by the fol- 
lowing, which is the estimated list of buildings, the number of which will be 
changed, and the date the notices will be sent out : 

DATE. WARD. BUILDINGS. 

April 15—1 to 8 33,967 

May 1—29 to 33 36,909 

May 15—27, 28, 34, 35 33,236 

June 1 — 9 and 14 25,354 

June 15—15 to 20 20,550 

July 1—21 to 26 30,522 

Total 180,538 

In addition to these, 15,000 other changes will have to be made where 
water bills are sent to consumers at meter rates and 50,000 others which go 
to real estate agents. 

The confusion in street names resulted from the numerous annexations 
of suburbs. It is hoped the work will be completed in time for the next 
edition of this publication, in which will appear a complete street guide of 
Chicago. 



A PEN PICTURE 

OF CHICAGO STREET SCENES 



J By the Author, GEO. E. MORAN f 



I 



F a stranger will stand for one hour on the corner of State and 
Madison Streets, or at almost any other point in the down-town 
district, he will obtain information such as no book or any other 

f ^Tl ex P er i enc e will ever be able to give him. He will see within 

[fa q_ that hour a ceaseless unending throng, a stream of life made up 

; r VI VI Jl of thousands of particles, each particle an individuality, and each 
| Tjwy&oT individual the vortex of life and passion. Some with burdens 
y ^ i ^> an d some with smiles. Some faces are placid and others are 

" =J rippling with joy and light, others are dark and deep. All the 

lights and shades of life are mingled and the rainbow tints of 
fashion are contrasted with the jagged lines and sombre hues of poverty. 
Each nationality is there with its characteristics. The Mongolian brown, the 
African black and the Caucasian white, with intermediate hues which distin- 
guish the people of every district and every land. In this stream of life, this 
mighty river, this surging sea, humanity is ever pouring. Some like irri- 
descent bubbles, float with time and tide, some ride the foam-capped waves of 
prosperity, some sink to the undercurrent of life too weak to rise. These 
are the poor. There are waves with dimpled cheeks that seem to float on air, 
and side by side are eddies of thought deep and profound. Cascades of pas- 
sion and rills of pleasure, stagnant pools of corruption and the crystal waters 
of Christianity make up the stream that onward flows — where? Perhaps into 
the mighty gulf for an endless Eternity. 

Now view the channel with its banks of buildings and ragged skylines. 
It seems like a Gulch of life in a canyon of masonry. The architectural 
triumphs of centuries line the way, and from the towering heights, through 
flashing glass, thousands of eyes peer out with customary indifference On the 
scene below. From out these commercial hives come little rills that catch 
the flood and hurry on. Intersected here and there are branching streets 
with their streams of life. 

On they come and in they pour, swelling the flood with the fragments 
of humanity. A chaotic mass and yet each particle with an object and a 
purpose. Millions, millions figure in the brains of some ; golden dreams and 
gilt-edged schemes, politics, principles and patriotism animate the minds of 
others. Love illuminates the face and quickens the step of many, while des- 
pair, misery and death are indicated in the pale, wan cheek, the hollow eye 
and feeble step of others. Croesus rides in his carriage and flaunts his 
plumage in the face of penury and want. Youth jostles age, and poverty has 
set a blister on the face of her so fair and yet so frail. 

The scene shifts; 'tis night, a myriad of lights twinkle until, in the dis- 
tance, the streets look like ribbons of fire. Between the lines of flame the 
crowd flows on and on. The electric glare bathes the face with a ghastly 
sheen, while night, with her stand of stars, looks down, calm, peaceful and 
serene. From hour to hour the stream lessens, the surging crowd has 
dwindled away. Some have entered the mansions of the rich, some have 
gone to happy homes where affectionate children greet their coming and all 
is peace and joy, others to hovels where squalor meets the eye and foul odors 
smirch the air. Among those who linger on the street, some are homeless 
and have no place to rest their weary limbs, others are there with purposes 
dark and devilish. Yes, 'tis night, Chicago slumbers, and on the morrow 
each from his cot will rise to join the throng and fight the battle of life, 
until the message comes from on high that will summons them all to other 
«jtt business in the great and unknown Beyond. 



STR— STR 



245 



STR— STR 



Street Railway Franchises. — 

Ordinances passed by City Coun- 
cil February 4. 1907; vetoted by the 
mayor and passed over veto Febru- 
ary 11, 1907; approved by people 
on referendum vote April 2, 1907. 

The salient features are as fol- 
lows: 

System to be reconstructed and 
rehabilitated within three years. 

City to supervise rehabilitation 
through board of three engineers. 

Life of grant not to extend in 
any event beyond February 1, 1927. 

City to receive 55 per cent and 
companies 45 per cent of the net 
profits from the operation of the 
roads. 

Twenty-one through routes spec- 
ified and provision made for others. 

Fares for adults to be five cents 
for continuous trips in one general 
direction within the present or fu- 
ture city limits. 

Transfers to be given to all con- 
necting points on and to all lines 
except in section on South Side be- 
tween Twelfth street and the river. 

Motive power to cars to be elec- 
tricity applied by the overhead or 
underground trolley system. 

Cars to be of the latest and most 
approved pattern and to be kept 
clean and warm and well lighted. 

Cars to be operated singly after 
one year. 

Companies to pay $5,000,000 to- 
ward the construction of subways 
in the down town section at the 
city's option. 

City given the right to purchase 
the property of both the present 
great systems at any time upon 
giving six months' notice. 

Agreed value of Union Traction 
Company's property June 30, 1906, 
$29,000,000, and of the Chicago City 
Railway Company's property at 
same date, $21,000,000. The pur- 
chase price for the city is to be the 
aggregate of these two sums, with 
the value of work done and prop- 
erty acquired between the date 
named and the date of the passage 
of the ordinance and the cost of 
rehabilitation and extension added. 



STREET RAILWAYS. 

Chicago City Railway Company. 

— Offices. First National Bank 
Bldg. 

Archer Avenue Line — From Lake 
and State Sts., south on State St. 
to Archer Ave., southwest to 38th 
St. (McKinley Park), west to Cen- 
tral Park Ave., 6 miles. Cars every 
5 minutes. Night cars every 30 
minutes from 12:45 to 5:12 a. m. 
from Washington and Clark Sts. 

Archer Avenue Limits Line — 
From Lake and State Sts. south 
on State St. to Archer Ave., south- 
west to S. 48th Ave., connecting 
with the Chicago & Joliet Electric 
Line, 8y 2 miles. First car leaves 
Lake and State Sts. 5:28 a. m., last 
car 11:53 p. m. Cars every 12 min- 
utes. 

Ashland Avenue Line — From 
Lake St. south on State to Archer 
Ave., southwest to Ashland Ave., 
south to 69th St., 9 miles. Cars 
every 10 minutes. Night cars every 
30 minutes from Pitney Ct.. 1:15 to 
4:45 a. m. 

Fifty-first Street Line — From 
51st and Wood Sts., east to Grand 
Blvd., 2^4 miles. First car leaves 51st 
and Wood Sts. at 5:45 a. m. Last 
car 12:41 a. m. Cars every §y 2 
minutes. 

Fifty-ninth and Sixty-first 
Street Lines — From Washington 
Ave. and 61st St. west to State St., 
north to 59th St.. west to South 
Leavitt St., 5 miles. First car leaves 
61st St. and Washington Ave. at 
5:37 a. m. Last car 1:35 a. m. Cars 
every 6y 2 minutes. 

Forty-third and Root Street Line 
— From the Stock Yards east on 
Root St. to State St., south to 43d 
St., east to I. C. R. R., 3 miles. 
Cars every 5 minutes. Night cars 
every 15 minutes from 12:06 to 
4:50 a. m. 

Forty- seventh Street Line — 
From Lake Ave. (I. C. R. R.) to 
Kedzie Ave., 6 miles. Cars every 6 
minutes. Night cars every 15 minutes 
from 12:08 to 5:08 a. m. 

Halsted Street Line — > From 
Washington and Clark Sts, south 
on Clark St. to Archer Ave., west 



STR— STR 



246 



STR— STR 



on Archer Ave. to Halsted St., 
south to 79th St.. 9 miles. Also 
from O'Neil St., south on Halsted 
St. to 79th St., 5 miles. Cars every 

5 minutes. Night cars every 15 
minutes from 12:50 to 5:40 a. m. 

Indiana. Avenue Line — From 
Randolph St. and Wabash Ave., 
south on Wabash Ave. to 18th St., 
east to Indiana Ave., south to 51st 
St., east to Grand Blvd. (Washing- 
ton Park), 5^4 miles. Cars every 5 
minutes. Night cars every 15 min- 
utes from 12:50 to 5:30 a. m. 

Kedzie Avenue Line — From Lake 
and State Sts., south to Archer 
Ave., southwest to 38th St. (Mc- 
Kinley Park), west on 38th St. to 
Kedzie Ave., south to 63d St., west 
to Central Park Ave. (Chicago 
Lawn). First car leaves State and 
Lake Sts. at 6:23 a. m. Last car 
12:00 p. m. 

Sixty-ninth Street Line — From 
Leavitt and 69th Sts., east to Keefe 
Ave., northeast to Rhodes Ave., 
north to 68th St., east to Cottage 
Grove Ave. Night cars every 30 
minutes. First car from Cottage 
Grove Ave. 5:24 a. m. Last car 
12:49 a. m. 

Sixty-third Street Line — From 
63d St. and Stony Island Ave. west 
to Robey St., 4^ miles. Cars every 
4 minutes. Night cars every 15 
minutes. 

Sixty-third Street Extension 
Chicago Lawn, Clearing and Joliet 
Division — From 63d St. and Ashland 
Ave. west to Chicago Lawn, 2 l / 2 
miles. First car leaves 63d St. and 
Ashland Ave. at 5:15 a. m. Last 
car at 2:15 a. m. Cars every 15 
minutes. 

To Clearing — First car leaves 63d 
St. and Ashland Ave. at 5:30 a. m. 
Last car at 12:30 a. m. Cars every 
hour. 

Joliet Division — From 63 d St. 
and Ashland Ave. west to 48th 
Ave. (city limits), north to Archer 
Ave., connecting with the Chicago 

6 Joliet Electric Railway. First 
car leaves 63d St. and Ashland Ave. 
at 6 a. m. Last car at 11 p. m. 
Cars every hour. 

State Street Line — From Lake 



St. south on State St. and Vin- 
cennes road to 73d St., 8% miles. 
Cars every 3 minutes. Night cars 
every 20 minutes from 1:20 to 5:20 
a. m. 

Thirty-first Street Line — From 
Archer Ave. and Pitney Court, east 
to Lake Ave. (I. C. R. R.), 3 
miles. Cars every 5 minutes. Night 
cars every 15 minutes from 12:00 
m. to 5:00 a. m. 

Thirty-fifth Street Line — From 
California Ave. east to Cottage 
Grove Ave., 4*/2 miles. Cars every 
5 minutes. Night cars every 30 
minutes from 11:56 to 4:56 a. m. 

Thirty-ninth Street Line — From 
Cottage Grove Ave. west to Hal- 
sted St., south to Root St., west 
to the Stock Yards, 2*6 miles. 
Cars every six minutes. Night cars 
every 30 minutes from 12:28 to 
4:35 a. m. 

Twenty-sixth Street Line — From 
Halsted St. east to Cottage Grove 
Ave. and 26th St. at 5:28 a. m. 
Last car 12:28 a. m. Cars every 7 
minutes. 

Wabash Avenue and Cottage 
Grove Avenue Line — Oakwoods Di- 
vision, Washington Park and Mid- 
way Plaisance : From Randolph St. 
south on Wabash Ave. to 22d St., 
east to Cottage Grove Ave., south 
to Grand Crossing, 9^4 miles. Jack- 
son Park Division : From Randolph 
St. south on Wabash Ave. to 22d St., 
east to Cottage Grove Ave., south to 
55th St. and Washington Park, east to 
Lake Ave., 7 miles. Last car to 39th St. 
only at 1:28 a. m. Cars every 3 
minutes. Night cars every 30 min- 
utes from 12:00 m. to 5:28 a. m. 

Wallace Street and Centre Ave- 
nue Line — From State and Lake 
Sts., south on State St. to Archer 
Ave., southwest to Canal St., south 
to 29th St., west to Wallace St., 
south to Root St., west to Halsted 
St., south to 47th St., west to Cen- 
tre Ave., south to 75th St., 8^ 
miles. Cars every 5 minutes. 
Night cars every 30 minutes from 
3:45 to 5:27 a. m. 

Wentworth Avenue and Auburn 
Park Line — From Washington and 



STR— STR 



247 



STR— STR 



Clark Sts., south on Clark St. to 
Archer Ave., west to Wentworth 
Ave., south to 79th St., west to 
Halsted St., 10 miles. Cars every 
2 l / 2 minutes. Night cars every 15 
minutes from 12:30 to 5:24 a. m. 

Western Avenue Line— From Ar- 
cher Ave., south on Western Ave. 
to 71st St., 4J4 miles. First car 
leaves Archer and Western Aves. 
at 5:00 a. m. Last car 12:39 a. m. 
Cars every 18 minutes. 

Chicago Railways Company. — 

Main office: North Clark and Di- 
vision Sts. 

Armitage Avenue LiNE-^From 
State and Madison Sts., north on 
State St. to Washington, west to 
Desplaines, north to Milwaukee 
Ave., northwest on Milwaukee Ave. 
to Armitage Ave., north to Fifth 
Ave., 6 miles. Cars every 6 min- 
utes. 

Ashland Avenue Line — From 
Lincoln and Wrightwood Aves., 
northwest on Lincoln Ave. to Bel- 
mont Ave., north on N. Ashland 
Ave. to Graceland Ave., 2 miles. 
First car leaves Lincoln and 
Wrightwood Aves. 5:22 a. m. Last 
car 12:49 a. m. Cars every 10 min- 
utes. 

Blue Island Avenue Line — From 
Dearborn and Adams Sts. west on 
Adams St. to Fifth Ave, south to 
Harrison St., west to Blue Island 
Ave., southwest to 26th St., west 
to S. 40th Ave., 5 miles. Cars 
every 5 minutes. Night cars every 
50 minutes from 12:40 to 5:05 a. m. 

Ashland Avenue and Paulina 
Street Line — From Clybourn PI. 
and Wood St., east on Clybourn PI. 
to Ashland Ave., south on Ashland 
Ave. to Lake St., west on Lake St. 
to Paulina St., south on Paulina 
St. to 12th St., east on 12th St. to 
Ashland Ave., south on Ashland 
Ave. to 22d st, 4^ miles. Cars 
every 5 minutes. Night cars every 
hour from 12 m. to 4:30 a. m. 

Canalport Avenue and Twenty- 
first Street Line — From Madison 
and Dearborn Sts., south to Adams 
St., west on Adams to Clinton St., 
south to Harrison, east to Canal 



St., south to Canalport Ave., south- 
west to Halsted, south on Halsted 
to 21st, then west to Douglas 
Blvd. 

Chicago Avenue Line — From N. 
Clark St. and Chicago Ave., west 
on Chicago Ave. to N. California 
Ave., north to Humboldt Park, 3^4 
miles. First car Leaves N. Clark 
St. and Chicago Ave. 5:44 a. m. 
Last car 12:20 a. m. Cars every 5 
minutes. 

Clark Street and Devon Avenue 
Line — From Monroe and Dearborn 
Sts., north on Dearborn to Ran- 
dolph, west to Clark St., north to 
Devon avenue, 8 J / 2 miles. Cars 
every 5 minutes. 

Clark Street and Evanston Ave- 
nue Line — From Monroe and Dear- 
born Sts., north on Dearborn St., 
to Randolph St., west to Clark St., 
north to Devon Ave., 8 l / 2 miles. 
Cars every 5 minutes. 

Struggle for Food. — The careful 
student of history does not need to 
be told that securing a plentiful 
supply of food has been the most 
strenuous problem man has been 
called upon to solve. In primitive 
times the struggle for foods re- 
sulted in tribal wars; a revolt of 
the hungered brought on the 
French Revolution; without food 
even so great a genius as Napoleon 
with his mighty army to do his 
bidding, stood helpless upon the 
charred ramparts of Moscow. 

Studios. — There are about 500 
professional artists in Chicago, and 
the majority of these have hand- 
some, and many magnificent stu- 
dios. On the seventh floor of the 
Athenaeum Building are a number 
of excellent studios, fitted up for 
the use of the Society of Artists. 
In the Studio Building, corner of 
Ohio and North State street, are 
the studios of several very promi- 
nent artists; and there are other 
studios in the Lakeside Building. 

Sub-Treasury. — The Chicago 
branch of the United States Treas- 
ury does an immense business. The 
receipts for the fiscal year ending 
June 30, 1908, were $434,671,902, and 



SUB— SUB 



248 



SUB— SUB 



the disbursements were $431,681,002. 
Total cash business, $866,352,904. 

Receipts for the fiscal year ending 
June 30, 1907, were $346,977,199. Dis- 
bursements for the same period were 
$341,005,551. From the foregoing fig- 
ures it will be seen that the increase 
in cash receipts for the fiscal year 
ending June 30, 1908, over the year 
previous was $87,694,703 and the in- 
crease in disbursements was $90,675,- 
451. These moneys were received 
from various sources and are prin- 
cipally Customs, Internal Revenue 
and Postal receipts. The disburse- 
ments cover almost every class of ac- 
counts for which the United States 
Government pays the cash. The 
moneys disbursed for Pension ac- 
count alone amounted to $18,858,000. 

Suburbs of Chicago. — How to 

reach them. 

Auburn Park — 9 miles, C. & E. I., 
C, R., I. & P. Ry., Wentworth Av. 
electric. 

Austin — 6^ miles, C. & N. W., 
W. Madison St. electric to 40th St., 
thence electric, Lake St. elevated. 

Blue Island — 16 miles, C, R. I. & 
P. ; electric from 63rd and S. Park 
Av. 

Brighton Park — 5 miles, C. & A. ; 
Archer Av. car. 

Chicago Lawn — 10 miles, Chicago 
& Grand Trunk ; electric west of Irv- 
ing Park Blvd. 

Chicago Ridge — 16 miles, Wabash 
R. R. Jet. of the Chicago Terminal 
R. R. 

Cummings — 12^ miles, New York, 
Chicago & St. Louis. 

Dunning— 12 miles, C, M. & St. 
P. (County Farm) ; electric west of 
Irving Park Blvd. 

Edgewater — l l / 2 miles, Evanston 
Division C, M. & St. P. 

Englewood — 6 x / 2 miles, L. S. & M. 
S.; C. & E. I.; State St. electric; 
electric on Wentworth. 

Evanston — 12 miles, C. & N. W. ; 
C, M. & St. P.; electric on North 
Clark St. and Evanston Av. 

Ft. Sheridan — 28 miles, C. & N. 
W,. and electric. 

Glencoe — 19 miles, Chicago & 
North Western. 

Grand Crossing — 9y 2 miles, 111. 



Cent; L. S. & M. S. ; Pittsburg & 
Ft. Wayne. 

Grossdale — 12 miles, Chicago, Bur- 
lington & Quincy. 

Hammond — 25 miles; Monon 
Route ; Mich. Cent. ; C. & E. I. ; elec- 
tric on 63rd St. and Madison Av. 

Harlem — 10 miles, C, B. & Q. ; 
Metropolitan Elevated. 

Hawthorne — 8]/ 2 miles, C, B. & Q. ; 
Metropolitan Elevated. 

Hegewisch — 17 miles, Chicago & 
Erie. 

Highland Park — 23 miles, Chicago 
& North Western. 

Hyde Park — 7 miles, 111. Cent. ; 
Cottage Grove electric; South Side 
Elevated. 

Irondale — 17 miles, Chicago, Rock 
Island & Pacific. 

Irving Park — G l / 2 miles, C. & N. 
W. ; electric on Irving Park Blvd. 

Kensington — 14^ miles, Illinois 
Central. 

Kenwood — 5*4 miles, Illinois Cen- 
tral; Cottage Grove electric. 

La Grange — 15 miles, Chicago, 
Burlington & Quincy. 

Lake Bluff — 30 miles, Chicago & 
North Western. 

Lake Forest — 28 miles, Chicago & 
North Western. 

Lake \ iew — 4 miles, North Chi- 
cago electric. 

Lawndale — 6 3-6 miles, Chicago, 
Burlington & Quincy. 

Maywood— loy 2 miles, C. & N. W. ; 
Madison St. electric to 40th Av. ; 
thence electric. 

Mont Clare— 6 miles, C, M. & St. 
P., Elgin Branch. 

Morgan Park — 13 miles, C, R. I. 
& P. ; electric on 63rd st. and S. Park 
Ave. 

Morton Park — 6 J / 2 miles, Chicago, 
Burlington & Quincy. 

Normal Park — 7 miles, C. & E. I. ; 
State St. electric; electric on Went- 
worth Av. 

Norwood Park — 10^2 miles, Chi- 
cago & North Western. 

Oak Park— 8^ miles, C. & N. W. ; 
W. Madison St. electric to 40th Av., 
thence electric ; Lake St. elevated. 

Park Manor — 8 miles, P. & Ft. 
W. ; State St. electric ; electric on 
63rd, and S. Park Av. 
Pullman — 10 miles, 111. Cent. 



SUI— SUI 



249 



SUM— SUM 



Park Ridge— 13 miles, C. & N. W. ; 
electric on 40th St. west. 

Ravenswood — 6 miles, C. & N. W. ; 
N. Clarl. St. ; Northwestern Elevated. 

River Forest — 11 miles, Wisconsin 
Central. 

Riverside — 12y 2 miles, Chicago, 
Burlington & Quincy. 

Rogers Park — 9 miles. C. & N. W. ; 
electric on North Clark. 

South Chicago — 12 miles, Illinois 
Central. 

Union Stock Yards — 5 miles, State 
St. electric to Root and transfer to 
cross town line ; electric on Went- 
worth. 

Washington Heights — 12 miles, 
C, R. I. & P.; electric 63rd St. and 
S. Park. 

Whiting— 22 miles, L. S. & M. S. ; 
Pittsburg & Ft. Wayne. 

Wilmette — 14 miles, Chicago & 
North Western. 

Winnetka — 16 miles, Chicago & 
North Western. 

Suicide Bureau. — It will undoubt- 
edly be startling information for 
most people to learn that there is 
a suicide bureau in Chicago, a place 
where despondents are taken and 
registered. Yet this is true, and 
heart-breaking stories are recorded 
on the books of the bureau, which 
is operated in connection with the 
Salvation Army. 

There are two divisions in the 
bureau, one each for women and 
men. A glance at the books in both 
places discloses some very interest- 
ing, as well as appalling, facts. The 
male records show that the major- 
ity of despondents entered are 
married men with families, while 
the female record shows just the 
opposite. 

A man, for instance, becomes 
despondent from two causes in the 
main. He either has ruined his 
life by drink or has failed to ful- 
fill the promise of support given 
his wife at the time of his marriage 
because of lack of work. The last 
has been the principal reason regis 
tered on the books during the past 
year. 

With the women it is different. 
Very seldom is found a woman on 



whom a number of children are de- 
pendent for life, education and a 
prosperous future, committing sui- 
cide. She has the motherly instinct, 
an instinct unknown to man. She sel- 
dom ends her life while in her right 
senses, for well she knows that 
such an act would leave her chil- 
dren to the "tender mercies" of 
an unsympathetic world, or the 
temper of a step-mother. There- 
fore, you find very few married 
women with families voluntarily 
ending their lives or threatening to 
do so. 

Most of the women despondents. 
registered at the bureau are girls 
who have been led astray, and after 
living a life of vice and shame, 
and losing their attractiveness, find 
themselves undesirable. Then, 
again, there are the young moth- 
ers deserted by their husbands. 

The suicide bureau was opened 
by the Salvation Army when the 
financial panic struck Chicago in 
October, 1907. The men's division 
shows that 268 men have been 
taken care of up to January this 
year, and 35 since the first of Jan- 
uary._ The books in the women's 
division show 52 despondents up to 
January, and 103 since the first of 
the year. 

The despondents come from all 
parts of the city. They are picked 
up in the courts, lodging houses, 
saloons, pawnshops and various 
other places where discouraged 
people generally seek refuge or aid. 
They are watched by the slum 
workers, and at the first sign of 
despondency or suspicious action 
they are escorted to the bureau, 
where proper care is taken of them 
and the discouraged feeling leaves 
them, when thev are aided in every 
way and put in a sanitarium or 
whatever place the condition of the 
case requires. The names of the 
despondents are entered in the ma- 
jority of cases. The winter months 
furnish the record for suicide. 

Summer Gardens. — Closely en- 
twined with Chicago's growth and 
manners are many customs that did 
not come over in the "Mayflower," 



SVVI— TAI 



250 



TAI— TAI 



and in tracing their origin we find 
them of decided Teutonic color. 
Among these is the German's habit 
of seeking the public parks, with his 
entire family on Sunday. 

Swimming Events. — Full infor- 
mation regarding this sport will be 
obtained from the Chicago Athletic 
Club, 125 Michigan avenue, Y. M. C. 
A., 153 La Salle street, New Illinois 
Athletic Club, 145 Michigan avenue. 

Tablets to Show Court Houses. 

— Two bronze tablets containing 
six raised pictures of Cook county 
court houses*, from the first to the 
twin court house and city hall, 



employed, the result being work- 
manship of the highest grade. 

The styles, cutting and workman- 
ship displayed in the product of 
the Chicago tailor to the trade have 
done much to advance the interest 
of that industry here within the 
past five years. Volumes might be 
written upon the details of this 
branch of the great clothing enter- 
prise, upon which the success of 
the industry as a whole so much 
depends. The superior work done 
by the fraternity here is evidenced 
by the growing demand for their 
output, a demand that has been in- 
creasing by leaps and bounds, and 



SWIMMING- POOLS IN CHICAGO. 

Dimensions and Equipment. 



MARK WHITE SQUARE. 

ARMOUR SQUARE 

CORNELL SQUARE 

DAVIS SQUARE 

RUSSELL SQUARE 

SHERMAN PARK 

OGDEN PARK 

BESSEMER PARK 

PALMEN PARK 

McKINLEY PARK 

CALUMET PARK 



65.5x107 



X 88 
x 60 
xlOO 
x 86 
xl50 
xl50 
xl40 
xl40 
34,800sq.ft. 



DEPTHS 



9 feet 

8 ft. 6 in. 

9 feet 

8 ft. 6 in. 

9 feet 
9 feet 
9 feet 

9 ft. 6 in. 
9 feet 
8 feet 



Lake Michigan Beach 



3 feet 
3 feet 

2 ft. 6 in. 

3 feet 

3 feet. . 
2 ft. 9 in. 
2 ft. 6 in. 
2 feet 
2 ft. 6 in. 




EQUIPMENT 



192 



85 
125 



209 
224 
133 
228 
206 
100 



Q H 



Raft 



NOTE— About 50,000 Bathing Suits and 72,000 Towels are available for the free use of the public. 



which will be completed in 1910, 
were set in place on the ground 
floor of the county building. One 
of the tablets was placed near the 
foot of the stairway on the south 
side of the main corridor, and the 
other in a corresponding position 
on the north side. 

Tailors to the Trade Numerous. 

— The tailors to the trade industry 
in Chicago is growing to stupen- 
dous proportions. There are scores 
of these establishments, the com- 
bined output of which exceeds $30,- 
000,000 annually. These enterprises 
are conducted along liberal lines, 
and eminently skilled workmen are 



which has placed this industry 
among the most important of the 
commercial enterprises that con- 
tribute to the industrial supremacy 
of Chicago. 

In the manufacture of sporting 
goods, such as baseball supplies, 
suits, baseballs, mitts and the thou- 
sand and one articles constantly in 
demand by athletes, gymnasiums, 
etc., Chicago stands in the front 
rank. Many of the best known 
sporting goods concerns in the 
world are located here, and the vol- 
ume of their business each year is 
enormous. That this increased 
tory treatment of customers, fair 
business is the result of satisfac- 



TAX— TAX 



251 



TEA— TEA 



prices and excellent quality of the 
commodities offered for sale is gen- 
erally recognized. 

Taxicabs. — Chicago also is be- 
coming addicted to the taxicab 
habit and new companies are 
springing np at the rate of about 
one a month. The problem now is 
to get the machines for the service, 
it being an easy matter to secure 
the patronage. Weeding out the 
small fry, each of which has only 
one or two cars in its garage, there 
probably are six or seven concerns 
which have well established serv- 
ices. These probably employ 100 
rigs, of which about seventy-five 
have taximeter attachments, by 
which the tariff is recorded auto- 
matically, designed to prevent dis- 
putes between the drivers and their 
"fares." Some complaint has been 
made regarding exorbitant charges 
on some of these lines, but it has 
been discovered that in most cases 
this has been caused by fitting the 
taximeter instrument so that it 
works from the rear wheel. It is 
said that when the device is oper- 
ated from the front wheel the read- 
ing generally is accurate. Nearly 
every taxicab concern in town now 
sets the "taxis" in this way. 

Tax Van. — One of the personal 

property tax delinquents who was 
visited by a deputy collector and 
his capacious "tax van," used un- 
becoming and untruthful language. 
He said his 1908 taxes were not 
due, and that the attempt to collect 
them was a "hold-up." The tax was 
due the day the collector got the 
tax books. As regards the method 
of collection, the revenue law says 
that if any person, company, or cor- 
poration shall refuse to pay per- 
sonal property taxes "when de- 
manded it shall be the duty of the 
collector to levy the same, together 
with the costs and other charges 
that may accrue, by distress and 
sale of the personal property of the 
person, company, or corporation 
who ought to pay the same." If 
no personal property can be found 
the real estate of the delinquent, if 



he have any, can be sold after judg- 
ment to satisfy the claims against 
him. 

Many persons have evaded pay- 
ment of personal taxes by getting 
a judge to enjoin collection. 
Judges, while protecting the rights 
of individuals, should not permit 
the interest of the public to suffer. 
The schools, the city, the county 
which pays the judges their sala- 
ries, are entitled to the prompt col- 
lection of every dollar that is due 
them. When a judge is applied to 
by a tax fighter for an injunction 
he should make the case a subject 
of immediate inquiry and refuse to 
allow it to drag along for months 
or years. Peremptory orders 
should also be given to the legal 
representatives of the county board 
to insist on the immediate hearing 
and disposal of all applications for 
injunctions in tax cases. 

Teachers' Salaries Raised. — Every 
principal and teacher in the Chi- 
cago high schools, every elemen- 
tary school teacher, every teacher of 
manual training and household arts, 
and every teacher of physical culture 
was given a raise in salary by the 
board of education. The increases 
which are the largest in the recent 
history of the schools, range from 
$50 to $300 a year of each individ- 
ual and are in effect from January 
1, 1909. 

The board also voted a flat in- 
crease of $200 a year to heads of 
departments, instructors in the 
Chicago Normal school, teachers 
of music and drawing in the ele- 
mentary schools, the director of the 
normal extensions department, and 
the director and assistant in the 
child study department. The high 
school principals received a uni- 
form increase of the same amount. 

Following closely on the general 
salary raise given the elementary 
school teachers a year ago, and the 
raise for elementary principals 
which has just gone into effect, this 
last action of the board was re- 
ceived by the trustees themselves 
as a striking commentary on the 



1T.A— TEA 



252 



TEL— TEL 



stewardship of the present admin- 
istration. 

Only the office employes now re- 
main at their old salary schedules 
and the finance committee an- 
nounced that a change in this di- 
rection may be expected, soon. 

For the high school teachers, the 
change in salary schedule involves 
the abolishment of the present 
"third promotional group," a change 
for which the teachers have been 
working for two years. 

The figures, according to the new 
schedule, are as follows: 

First Group. 

First $1,700 Fourth $2,000 

Second 1,800 Fifth 2,100 

Third 1,900 

Second Group. 

First $1,000 Fifth $1,400 

Second 1,100 Sixth 1,500 

Third 1,200 Seventh ... 1,600 

Fourth .... 1,300 

For the present year a "bonus" 
of $50 in addition to the regular 
increases will be paid to all high 
school teachers and teachers of 
manual training, physical culture, 
and household arts. 

Teachers' Societies. — C h i c a g o 
Oral Teachers' Club. 

Chicago Principals' Club, 824 
West Jackson boulevard. 

Chicago Teachers' Club, 403 
West Sixty-fourth street. 

Chicago Teachers' Federation, 
444, 79 Dearborn street. 

Cook County Teachers' Associa- 
tion. 

Teamsters' Complaint. — "If the 
women would keep on going when 
they start to cross the street there 
wouldn't be any more congestion. 
If it wasn't for the women the 
teamsters would seldom get into 
trouble with the police. But what 
are you. going to do when a woman 
starts across the street, just as if 
she meant to go on the other side, 
and you start to drive behind her, 
only to have her stop and look up 
at you as if you were some mon- 
ster come to earth for the particu- 
lar purpose of running over her. 
and then run back directly onto 
the wagon pole? Say, if the team- 



sters waited for the women to 
make up their minds whether to 
cross the street or not, there 
wouldn't be very many wheels 
turned." 

Telegraph Companies. — Ameri- 
can District Telegraph, 159 La 
Salle street. 

Chicago & Milwaukee Telegraph 
Company, 278 La Salle street. , 

Cleveland Telegraph Company, 
14 Board of Trade building. 

Gold & Stock Telegraph Com- 
pany, 145 Van Buren street. 

Illinois District Telegraph Com- 
pany, 38 Jackson boulevard. 

Postal Telegraph Cable Com- 
pany, Rialto building. 

Union Electric Telegraph Com- 
pany, 88 La Salle street. 

Western Union Telegraph Com- 
pany, 146 Jackson boulevard. 

TELEGRAPH BATES FROM CHI- 
CAGO. 

Cost (in cents) for ten words and 

each additional word to the places 
named: 

City. Day. Night. 

Albany, N. Y 50 3 40 3 

Albuquerque, N. M....75 5 60 4 

Arizona points 75 5 75 5 

Atchison, Kan 40 3 30 2 

Atlanta, Ga 50 3 40 3 

Austin, Tex 60 4 50 3 

Baltimore, Md 50 3 40 3 

Bangor, Me 60 4 50 3 

Battle Creek, Mich 25 2 25 1 

Bay City, Mich 35 2 25 1 

Birmingham, Ala 50 3 40 3 

Bloomington, 111 25 2 25 1 

Boston, Mass 50 3 40 3 

Buffalo, N. Y 40 3 30 2 

Butte, Mont 75 5 60 4 

Chattanooga, Tenn. ...50 3 40 3 

Cheyenne, Wyo 60 4 50 3 

Cincinnati, 35 2 25 1 

Cleveland, 35 2 25 1 

Columbia, S. C 60 4 50 3 

Columbus, 35 2 25 1 

Davenport, Iowa 30 2 25 1 

Denver, Colo 60 4 50 3 

Des Moines, Iowa 40 3 30 2 

Detroit, Mich 30 2 25 1 

Duluth, Minn 40 3 30 2 

Fargo, N. D 60 4 50 3 

Fort Worth, Tex 60 4 50 3 

Grand Rapids, Mich. . .25 2 25 1 

Helena, Mont 75 5 60 4 

Hot Springs, Ark 50 3 40 3 

Idaho points 75 5 75 5 

Indianapolis, Ind 25 2 25 1 

Jacksonville, Fla 60 4 50 3 

Kansas City, Mo 40 3 30 2 

Lexington, Ky 35 2 25 1 

Lincoln, Neb 50 3 40 3 

Little Rock, Ark 50 3 40 2 

Los Angeles, Cal 75 5 75 5 






TEL— TEM 

City. Day. 

Louisville, Ky 35 2 

Madison, Wis 25 2 

Memphis, Tenn 50 3 

Milwaukee, Wis 25 2 

Minneapolis, Minn. ...35 2 

Nashville, Tenn 40 3 

New Brunswick points. 60 4 

New Haven, Conn 50 3 

New Orleans, La 60 4 

New York City 50 3 

Nova Scotia points... .60 4 

Oklahoma points 60 4 

Omaha, Neb 40 3 

Ontario, Can 75 5 

Parsons, Kan 50 3 

Peoria, 111 25 2 

Philadelphia, Pa 50 3 

Pittsburg, Pa 40 3 

Portland, Me 60 4 

Portland, Ore 75 5 

Raleigh, N. C 60 4 

Richmond, Va 50 3 

St. Louis, Mo 35 2 

St. Paul, Minn 35 2 

Salt Lake City 75 5 

San Francisco, Cal....75 5 

Seattle, Wash 75 5 

Sioux Falls, S. D 60 4 

Springfield, 111 25 Z 

Tacoma, Wash 75 5 

Toledo, 30 2 

Trenton, N. J 50 3 

Vancouver, B. C 75 5 

Vicksburg, Miss 60 4 

Virginia City, Nev....75 5 

Washington, D. C 45 3 

Wheeling, W. Va 40 3 

Wilmington, Del 50 3 



253 



TEN— THA 



Night. 



40 3 



25 

25 



30 2 



50 
40 
50 
40 
50 
50 
30 
60 
40 
25 
40 
30 
50 
75 
50 
40 
25 
25 
60 
75 
75 
50 
25 
75 
25 
40 
75 
50 
75 
40 
30 
40 



Night. 

$3.55 
$2.35 
$4.55 
$3.15 
$4.05 
$2.15 
$2.65 
$3.15 



Alaska Territory 

City. Day. 

Eagle City (Ft. 

Egbert) $3.55 33 

Juneau $2.35 21 

Nome $4.55 43 

Seward $3.15 29 

St. Michael $4.05 38 

Sitka $2.15 19 

Skagway $2.65 24 

Valdez $3.15 29 

To 239 other places (all on connect- 
ing lines, 215-19 to 455-43 day, 215-19 
to 455-43 night. 

Temperance Temple. — The Wo- 
man's Temperance Temple, is one 
of the notable buildings of Chi- 
cago. It is located on the south- 
west corner of La Salle and Mon- 
roe streets. It is a steel, fireproof 
building, the first two stories being 
faced with a rich, dark red granite, 
and the remaining stories, to the 
cornice, with a fine pressed brick, 
made to order, of a new and cor- 
responding tint. The architecture 
is described as French Gothic. The 
architectural effect of the whole de- 
sign is exceedingly temple-like. 



Tenement Houses. — A tenement 
house in Chicago is defined by law 
as: "Every house, building, or por- 
tion thereof, which is rented, leased, 
let, or hired out to be occupied as 
the home, or residence, of more 
than three families, living indepen- 
dently of one another, and doing 
their cooking on the premises; or 
by more than two families upon a 
floor, so living, and cooking, but 
having a common right in the halls, 
stairways, yards, water-closets, or 
some of them." The special laws 
relating to them provide for a fire- 
escape for each separate family, for 
the proper ventilation of sleeping- 
apartments and halls, and for many 
other things necessary to cleanli- 
ness and health. The law has done 
some good, but still there are many 
tenement houses in the city that 
should not be allowed to exist. 

That New Disease. — A new phase 
of pneumonia has attracted the at- 
tention of the Chicago health de- 
partment recently. It attacks the 
nose and throat in a manner simi- 
lar to diphtheria. It is not a new 
disease, but its nature and effects 
are becoming more fully recognized 
by physicians. 

While there, is no more danger 
of an epidemic of this disease than 
there is of pneumonia, if ordinary 
precautions are taken, the number 
of cases of this affliction daily re- 
ported to the health department 
has exceeded the record of other 
years. 

"Cultures" taken daily in the city 
laboratory have shown the pres- 
ence of this germ in remarkable 
numbers. The health department 
records show a large number of 
"cultures" analyzed as "pneumoco- 
cus." 

The spread of the disease is due 
to the fact that physicians have 
been misled often in their early 
treatment. The germs generate in 
the tonsils as diphtheria does. For- 
merly it was diagnosed as diphthe- 
ria by many physicians. It is con- 
tagious and dangerous. 

The disease starts often through 
wet feet, or some similar cause. Its 



THE— THE 



254 



THE— THE 



symptoms are chills, headaches, 
fever, and sore, throat. Gangrene 
of the nostrils sets in, and at that 
sign the danger point is reached. 

The Albany Hotel.— Located at 
the southwest corner Fifth avenue 
and Randolph street. A new Euro- 
pean plan hotel. Every room has 
steam heat and large clothes closet. 
One of the most centrally located 
hotels in the city, and exceedingly 
convenient to the. temporary offices 
of the City Hall. 

THEATERS IN CHICAGO. 

Academy — 83 Halsted St. 
Alhambra — State St. and Archer Av. 
Auditorium — Congress St. and Wabash Av. 
Bijou— 167 Halsted St. 
Bush Temple — 249 Chicago Av. 
Calumet — 9206 South Chicago Av. 
Chicago Opera House — 118 Washington St. 
Coliseum — Wabash Av., near 16th St. 
College — Webster and Sheffield Avs. 
Colonial — 79 Randolph St. 
Columbus — 1840 Wabash Av. 
Criterion — 276 Sedgwick St. 
Empire — 144 West Madison St. 
Euson— 42 North Clark St. 
Folly— 337 State St. 
Garden — Wabash Av and Peck PI. 
Garrick — 107 Randolph St. 
Grand Opera House — 87' Clark St. 
Great Northern — 20 Quincy St. 
Haymarket — 167 West Madison St. 
Hegewisch Opera House — 13305 Erie Av. 
Howard — 1070 Lincoln Av. 
Hyde Park — 5500 Lake Av. 
Illinois — 20 Jackson Blvd. 
International — 401 Wabash Av. 
La Salle — 137 Madison St. 
Lyceum — 3851 Cottage Grove Av. 
Majestic — 71 Monroe St. 
Marlowe — Stewart Av. and W. 63d St. 
McVicker's — 78 Madison St. 
National — 6235 South Halsted St. 
Olympic — 53 Clark St. 
Orchestra Hall — 165 Michigan Av. 
Orpheum— 174 State St. 
Pekin— 2700 State St. 
People's — Van Buren and Leavitt Sts. 
Powers — 140 Randolph St. 
Princess — 253-263 Clark St. 
Star — 1115 Milwaukee Av. 
Star and Garter — 196-198 W. Madison St. 
Studebaker — 203 Michigan Av. 
Swanson — 3863 Cottage Grove Av. 
Thirty-first Street — 77 31st St. 
Trocadero— 294 State St. 
Vaudette— 910 West 63d St. 
Virginia — Halsted and W. Madison Sts. 
Whitney — 17 Van Buren St. 
April 1st, 1909, there were 340 5-cent 
theaters in Chicago. 

Theatrical Producing Center. — 

With its unexampled facilities for 
making grand productions of every 
description, it is not surprising that 
Chicago should be a great theatri- 



cal market. Many of the best 
known plays and spectacles known 
to the theater-going public were 
first presented in Chicago and dur- 
ing the current year many more 
will be made. 

Chicago is the headquarters for 
the largest vaudeville, interests in 
the United States and the main 
booking offices for the field of bur- 
lesque are located here. There are 
scores of theatrical agents who pro- 
vide traveling organizations with 
time at theaters in all parts of the 
country. It is estimated that more 
than 200 traveling theatrical compa- 
nies enter upon their road careers 
each season from Chicago. All of 
these companies, or "road shows," 
are outfitted here and thousands of 
dollars are annually spent with cos- 
tumers, wig makers, and dealers in 
theatrical supplies, scenery, etc. 
Employment in these lines is given 
to thousands of persons. 

Theater Seat Prices, Etc. 

AUDITORIUM. 

Wabash avenue and Congress 
street. Matinees Sunday, Wednes- 
day and Saturday. Prices, 25, 50, 
75c. Evening prices, 25, 50, 75c and 
$1.00. 

AMERICAN MUSIC HALL. 

Formerly the Garden Theater. 
Prices— Evenings, 50, 75c, $1.00. Daily 
matinees, 25 to 50c. 

CHICAGO OPERA HOUSE. 

Clark and Washington streets. Mat- 
inees Wednesday and Saturday. 
Prices, 25c to $1.50. Wednesday mat- 
inees, 25c to $1.00. 

COLONIAL THEATER. 

Randolph street, near State street. 
Evenings at 8 :15. Matinees Wednes- 
day and Saturday. Prices, 25, 50, 
$1.50. 

GARRICK THEATER. 

Randolph street, west of Dearborn 
street. Matinees Wednesday and Sat- 
urday. Prices, 50c to $1.50. 

GRAND OPERA HOUSE. 

Clark street, opposite court house. 
Matinee Saturday. Prices, 50c to $2. 

GREAT NORTHERN THEATER. 

Jackson boulevard near Dearborn 



THE— THE 



255 



THO— TRA 



street. Prices, 25, 50, 75c. Matinee 
Sunday, Wednesday and Saturday. 

ILLINOIS THEATER. 

Jackson boulevard, between Wa- 
bash and Michigan avenues. Prices, 
50c to $2.00. Matinee Saturday. 

LA SALLE THEATER. 

Madison near Clark street. Mati- 
nees Tuesday, Thursday and Satur- 
day. Prices, 25c to $1.00. 

MAJESTIC THEATER. 

Monroe street, near State street. 
Prices, 15, 25, 50, 75c. 

mVicker's theater. 

Madison street, near State street. 
Prices, 25, 50, 75c, $1. Matinees 
Wednesday and Saturday. 

POWERS THEATER. 

Randolph street, opposite City hall. 
Prices — Evening, 50c to $2. Wednes- 
day matinees, 50c to $1.50. Matinees 
Wednesday and Saturday. 

PRINCESS THEATER. 

Clark street, near Jackson boule- 
vard. Matinee Wednesday and Satur- 
day. Prices, 50c to $1.50. 

STUDEBAKER THEATER. 

Michigan avenue near Van Buren 
street. Prices 50c to $1.50. Matinee 
Wednesday. 

WHITNEY OPERA HOUSE. 

Van Buren street between Mich- 
igan and Wabash avenues. Prices 
— Evenings and Saturday matinees, 
50c to $1.50; Tuesday and Thurs- 
day matinees, 50c to $1.00. 

The Loop. — The Loop extends 
from Harrison street on the south 
to the Chicago river on the north, 
and from the South Branch of the 
river on the west to Grant Park on 
the east. 

Thieves. — In Chicago make up in 
industry what they lack in numbers 
and only the most unrelaxed watch- 
fulness and care will suffice to pro- 
tect you from the pickpocket, the 
hotel thief, the burglar, or, most 
annoying and ubiquitous of all, the 
sneak thief. Highway robbery is 
of comparatively rare occurrence, 
and the victims are usually belated 
diners-out much the worse for 
wine. Good bolts and bars in plenty 



will help to keep the burglar on 
the wrong side of the door; but 
watchfulness is an indispensable ad- 
junct since the skill and ingenuity 
of the professional "cracksman" 
exceed those of the most accom- 
plished locksmith or safemaker. 
Sneak-thieves usually obtain admit- 
tance to houses by making some 
plausible excuse and left alone in 
the hallway by. the servant while 
she seeks an answer to their que- 
ries, they are off with all the hats, 
coats and other portable articles 
within reach before her return. 
They are always on the watch for 
a street door which is not protect- 
ed by a chain and bolt, and are not 
infrequently in league with osten- 
sible beggars who examine and re- 
port upon the fashioning of bolts 
and bars, or note their absence. 

It is a good rule never to leave 
one's hat or coat in a hallway. A 
rule worth observing is never to 
deliver money or clothing upon a 
message from some member of the 
household, delivered by a stranger, 
as this is a common trick with 
sneak-thieves. 

Thomas Orchestra.— The Theo- 
dore Thomas Orchestra has its 
home in the Orchestral Hall, at 
Michigan avenue, between Jackson 
boulevard and Adams street. It was 
erected in 1904 by the people of 
Chicago as an endowment for the 
orchestra. 

The Thomas Orchestra is second 
to none of its kind in the United 
States. It was organized in 1891 
by Theodore Thomas and conduct- 
ed by him until his death in 1905. 

Tracy. — This beautiful suburb is 
only forty minutes' ride from the 
city, by the Rock Island road. It 
lies about one hundred feet above 
Lake Michigan, on a ridge crowned 
with fine oaks, has perfect drain- 
age, pure spring water, and the best 
of society. 

Trade Center. — The geographical 
location of Chicago, which makes 
it the natural distributing point for 
a territory containing more than 
30,000,000 people, is primarily re- 



TRA— TRA 



256 



TRA— TRA 



sponsible not only for the tremen- 
dous growth of its commerce with- 
in the past thirty years, but for the 
proud position Chicago now occu- 
pies, that of being the financial base 
for more than two-thirds of the in- 
habitants of the United States. In 
the stability of its banks, the 
weighty influence upon the farm- 
ing community of its Board of 
Trade and in the solidity of its 
strong insurance enterprises, Chi- 
cago stands firmly intrenched as a 
financial center whose power and 
usefulness increases with each 
passing year and whose dimensions 
in the days to come, no man may 
now forecast. 

While the bank clearings for last 
year were $283,832,927 less than the 
figures of the preceding year, they 
were vastly in excess of those of 
other former years. This was due 
wholly to the financial depression 
which reflected not only upon all 
industries, but upon the banks as 
well. The comparative decrease 
was on a diminishing scale, and in 
November and December, 1908, the 
clearings increased so largely that 
the total for the year was brought 
fairly close to the record figures 
of 1907. The total clearings for 
1908 amounted to $11,853,814,943. 
While those of the preceding year 
aggregated $12,087,647,870. The net 
increase last year in the bank clear- 
ings was 1.93 per cent. 

The record of the Board of Trade 
clearing house last year showed a 
decrease in speculative trade as 
compared with the remarkably ac- 
tive year of 1907. The balances 
amounted to $26,667,724, as against 
$34,895,227 for the preceding year. 

Traits of the Native Chicagoan. 

— The native of Chicago is not the 
lean, sad. intense, subjective Yan- 
kee, nor the dilatory, fat, demon- 
strative dullard of the Susquehan- 
na on the Hudson Valley; but he 
is always florid, plethoric, labori- 
ous, well-fed, jolly and complacent. 
A driving worker in daylight, a 
good sleeper of night, open, loqua- 
cious, communicative, generous, 
and gregarious. He is prone to do 



things in partnership, and loves to 
promote his particular trade, how- 
ever small, by a show of promot- 
ing the city at large. If even he 
can not "see it," he is unwilling to 
have the fact suspected for the 
honor of commercially glorifying 
the city, is something in which the 
humblest Chicagoan desires to have 
a share. Not in prolix disquisition 
and droning precept, but in prac- 
tical habit of thought and work, he 
comprehends division of labor, mu- 
tual dependence, and co-operation 
of efTort. Whatever he has to do, 
he must first try the expediency of 
the idea by framing it into a co- 
operative plan. If it will not hold 
water on the joint stock principle, 
he accepts that proof of its un- 
soundness, and invents something 
else that will. Let this propensity 
stand on its own exalted footing. 
It has had an illustratious test. It 
is this, brought to settled habit long 
before the great fire, which ac- 
counts for the possibility of the fol- 
lowing fact, viz.: That a visitor to 
Chicago now, who had no knowl- 
edge of the place, would refuse to 
believe that a conflagration in 1871 
had destroyed the greater part of 
the city which existed at that time. 
The habits of the genuine Chi- 
cagoan are characteristic. He dines 
at noon, whether he is a banker or 
laborer, and eats three hearty meals 
a day; but not to collide with east- 
ern ways too directly, he calls his 
supper "dinner," and his dinner 
"lunch." The latter, if possible, he 
takes at a public house, during a 
period of ten minutes. He inva- 
riably wears a mustache, generally 
shaves his chin, gloves his hands 
only on dress occasions, keeps the 
sidewalk in business hours, unless 
to ride a mile, owns his horse and 
buggy or automobile for other 
times, if his income at all exceeds 
his subsistence; is a literary client 
of a daily paper; will forgive any- 
thing but diluted affectation; values 
his pastor for his energy and suc- 
cess; will apologize for profanity 
in his presence by swearing that he 
had never been so provoked in his 



TRE— TRE 



257 



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life; and either expressly or tacitly 
connects with all manner of speech, 
an indication that he "means busi- 
ness." 

The Chicago man is intensely 
proud of his city, and receives un- 
favorable criticisms of the lakeside 
metropolis with an amiable smile 
and a quick volley of comparisons, 
all to the advantage of Chicago. If 
told that his city is dirty, he re- 
plies that the town hustles ahead 
with too much attention to its 
pressing business demands to have 
time for minor details. If told that 
the lake water is unhealthy he 
points proudly to Chicago's low 
death rate, a marvel among sta- 
tistics of mortality. If the local 
architecture is criticised he asserts 
that the variety of buildings seen 
in the city shows the versatility, 
progressiveness and freedom from 
fossilized convention of the build- 
ers. He is always eager to laud 
the great men of the city. While 
giving credit to the great captains 
of industry reared in other cities, 
he always has an unshakable idea 
that the eastern or western or for- 
eign capitalists and business leader 
never lived who could down mem- 
bers of our Board of Trade. The 
rich Chicagoan, his fortune once 
acquired, always thinks Wall street 
would be an easy prey, and, as a 
rule, it is, the Chicagoan generally 
returning with the wool of the 
shorn New York lambs. This calm 
belief in his own power and the 
might of other Chicago chiefs is a 
conspicuous trait of the Chicago 
man, and, perhaps, is the main rea- 
son why he is so successful. 

Tree Protection. — The campaign 
for tree planting and tree protec- 
tion is started. An organization of 
Chicago citizens has been formed 
to carry it on, and that organiza- 
tion has appointed an executive 
committee to work over plans and 
methods. It has also adopted res- 
olutions that are indicative of a de- 
termination to get results. One of 
them emphasizes the need of car- 
ing for trees that are already set 
out, proposes that the duty of at- 



tending to them shall be placed 
with the special park commission 
and recommends that "an item 
should be included in the appro- 
priation bill sufficient to enable that 
commission to employ a city for- 
ester to carry out that duty." 

Trespassing on Tracks. — Nearly 
1,500 trespassers have been killed 
by the Pennsylvania road in the 
last two years. The figures for 
1908 show 657 people killed and 791 
injured. In 1907 the number killed 
was 822. The statement covers the 
conditions on but one of the large 
railroad systems in the country. If 
the total of such deaths were to be 
reported it probably would bring 
astonishment. 

The railroad men are much in- 
terested in checking this slaughter 
of human beings. Not much of it 
is justly placed against the account 
of the roads. The tramps and other 
trespassers have no right to be on 
the tracks. Warning signs are un- 
heeded by them. People walk right 
past such indications of danger. 
They do not respect the rights of 
corporate property. They cross 
railroad bridges. They tramp along 
the track. They sit down to rest 
on tie or rail. They try to catch 
rides on moving trains. They risk 
their lives by truck riding. No 
matter how dangerous a situation 
may be nor how plainly the indi- 
cation of such danger is stated, 
some one is ready to take the 
chance. The result is an average 
of two killings a day for two years. 

The railroads are sharply con- 
demned when accident comes be- 
cause of the carelessness of em- 
ployes or the condition of the 
equipment. They deserve encour- 
agement and support when, as in 
this matter, they seek effective 
means of reducing the number of 
fatalities for which the real blame 
rests elsewhere. 

Truancy. — The following are a 
few of the reasons given by chil- 
dren for non-attendance or irregu- 
lar attendance at Chicago schools: 

"Must take care of baby." "Has 



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258 



TUN— TUN 



no shoes." "Carries washing for 
mother." "Does the family wash." 
"Had toothache." "Not enough 
clothes for cold weather." "Could 
not buy books." "Goes out organ 
grinding." "Must carry mother's 
sewing to the shop." "Mother dead; 
father sick." "Has sore eyes." 
"Mother in hospital; must do the 
housework." 

These miscellaneous causes may 
be grouped under a few heads, as 
follows: 

Indifference of parents, the chil- 
dren being deliberately kept home 
for trivial or improper reasons. 

Ignorance of the law, often com- 
bined with extreme poverty. 

Illness of child. 

Illness or death in the family. 

Lack of clothing or of books. 

Religious holiday. 

Willful truancy. 

Incorrigibles. 

Tunnel System Under Streets.— 

The birth of the Chicago Tunnel 
system was in the brain of Albert 
G. Wheeler, to whom all the credit 
for the great work is due. 

Most of the sixty miles of tun- 
nels are six feet wide and seven 
and a half feet high, the roof form- 
ing an arch. There are, however, 
what are known as trunk tunnels, 
which are about twelve feet high 
and from ten to fourteen feet wide. 
In fixing the size of the tunnels the 
City Council took into considera- 
tion that they must be made high 
and wide enough for a man to work 
comfortably, and with not only 
ample space for the suspension of 
the telephone wires to the roof and 
side walls, but also room for the 
future growth of the system. It 
was stipulated that the tunnels were 
to be about forty feet underground, 
and this plan has been followed, 
thus bringing the tops of the tun- 
nels about thirty-three feet below 
the street level. By placing the 
tunnels at this depth the sewers, 
water and other pipes which fill up 
the city's streets were all avoided, 
and then there was also left ample 
room above the tops of the tunnels 
for the construction of a subway 



system for the street car traffic of 
the city in case it was ever deter- 
mined to build one. The tunnel 
company cannot carry passengers 
through its bores, under its fran- 
chise. 

The dirt from the tunnel has 
been utilized for the formation of 
nineteen additional acres to the 
city's park system, and what will 
be ultimately one of Chicago's most 
beautiful breathing spots has been 
thus wrested from the lake without 
one cent of expense to the park 
authorities. The average fill on the 
lake front has been forty feet in 
depth, and this would have cost the 
park board at least $600,000 if it 
had been obliged to fill it in. 

Except for a small section, the 
sixty miles of tunnels are now com- 
pleted. They are connected with 
the depots and freight yards of all 
the railroads entering Chicago, 
with the United States postoffice 
building and the various passenger 
stations, and with a number of the 
greatest mercantile establishments. 
The transportation of the mails in 
the city has been conducted by the 
tunnel company now for over a 
year and a half. In this work the 
tunnel company employs 66 elec- 
tric motors and 115 cars. During 
1907 these electric trains made 333,- 
060 trips with mail through the 
tunnels to various railway stations, 
transporting 10,659,567 bags, pack- 
ages and pouches of mail. Its rec- 
ord for this tremendous service 
was 99.51 per cent perfect. 

In the construction of the tun- 
nels the company has gone under 
the river fourteen times. Its lines 
now reach from Armour avenue 
and Archer avenue on the south to 
Chicago avenue and Kingsbury 
street on the north, and on the west 
to Green street. The equipment 
consists of 250 motors and 2,500 
cars, and this is being added to as 
needed The tunnels have a com- 
plete drainage system with numer- 
ous lavatories for the convenience 
of the hundreds of employes. There 
is a telephone on every block, and 



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259 



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the movements of trains are direct- 
ed entirely by telephone. 

Turners. — There are several 
"Turnvereins" or Turners' societies 
in Chicago; all in a flourishing con- 
dition, and with a large and stead- 
ily increasing membership. The 
German inhabitants are particular- 
ly fond of the Turnverein, and 
other nationalities are beginning to 
evince interest in similar athletic 
societies. 

Union Club.— On the North Side, 
at Dearborn avenue and Washing- 
ton Park place, own and occupy a 
clubhouse whose massive construc- 
tion, original design, and model in- 
terior is a triumph of architectural 
splendor. 

Union League Club. — Occupies 
one of the handsomest buildings in 
the city. Architecturally, it is a 
grand pile. Its interior, of course, 
is on a scale of elegance commen- 
surate with the wealth and taste of 
its members, who are gentlemen of 
prominence in the community. The 
location is central, being just oppo- 
site the south end of the Custom 
House. The club was organized in 
1879. 

Union Park. — The park is laid 
out with walks and drives in all 
manner of pretty shapes; the cen- 
ter is occupied by a pond in the 
shape of three partially formed cir- 
cles, which at a point is spanned 
by a handsome, stone bridge, and 
at the north end a rustic bridge and 
grotto underneath leads out to a 
diminutive island. It is a favorite 
haunt of promenaders and driving 
parties. On the northeast corner 
of the park stand the headquarters 
of the West Park Board. During 
the year the finishing touches have 
been put in Union Park by the 
planting of additional shrubs and 
trees and the creation of flower 
beds. 

Application was made by the 
Carter H. Harrison Memorial As- 
sociation for the location of a 
bronze statue to the Municipal Art 
Commission and approved by the 
West Chicago Park Commissioners. 



This monument was approved by the 
Municipal Art Commission both as to 
its appropriateness of subject and its 
artistic execution by the sculptor. It 
was publicly tendered to the West 
Chicago Park Commissioners on June 
29, 1907, and accepted by the board. 
It seems indeed fitting that this 
splendid bronze of Carter H. Har- 
rison should be placed in Union 
Park, one of the oldest and most 
beautiful of the small parks in the 
west side, of the city of Chicago, 
but a few squares distant from the 
old Harrison homestead on Ash- 
land and Jackson boulevards, where 
for so many years Carter H. Har- 
rison lived, and where in the full- 
ness of his powers occurred his sad 
and tragic death. 

Union Park Congregational 
Church. — Located on the corner of 
Ashland avenue and Washington 
boulevard, just opposite the west 
side of Union Park. It is one of 
the largest churches in the city. 

United States Life Saving Sta- 
tion. — There are three life-saving 
stations in Chicago, one about 
seven miles south in Jackson Park, 
one at mouth of the Chicago river, 
near the foot of Randolph street, 
and one at the southern end of the 
city at Ninetieth street. Motor life- 
saving boats have been provided 
for these stations, together with 
the usual equipment of ordinary 
surf boats. 

United States Marine Hospital. — 

Receives all American seamen free, 
and others upon payment of a small 
sum. Their building and grounds 
are six miles from the City Hall on 
the lake shore, north. 

United States Pension Agency. — 

Room 706, Federal building. Pen- 
sions are. payable quarterly — July 
4, October 4, January 4, and April 
4. During the fiscal year ended 
June 30, 1907, there were 75,099 
pensioners on the rolls at the Chi- 
cago agency. The total amount of 
money disbursed was $10,730,607.87. 
There are three boards of medi- 
cal examiners connected with the 



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260 



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agency. These meet in room 777, 
Federal building, at 10 a. m. on 
each day except Sunday. The spe- 
cial examiners of the pension bu- 
reau have their office in the same 
room. 

Union Stock Yards. — Today the 
greatest institution in Chicago is 
her corelated live stock and meat- 
packing industry, located at the 
Union Stock Yards. The combined 
transactions of this great market 
in live animals and meat products 
and by-products exceed the sum of 
$600,000,000 annually, and give a 



day, this being the daily record of 
actual receipts, and the packing- 
house district, familiarly known as 
"Packingtown." which consists of 
a nearly equal territory covered 
with immense brick buildings de- 
voted to the slaughter and manu- 
facture of animals as "raw mate- 
rials" for finished commercial prod- 
ucts. 

In the one district are concen- 
trated daily many thousands of cat- 
tle, hogs, sheep and horses from 
nearly every state in the Union, 
while in the other district the many 




Union Stock Yards, near Fortieth and Hat-step Streets. 



tremendous impetus and powerful 
support to Chicago's transporta- 
tion, banking and commerce. 

Outside of those who directly 
patronize as sellers of live animals 
or as buyers of animals or meat 
products, very few people are able 
to discriminate between the Union 
Stock Yards proper, which consists 
of nearly 500 acres of pens, build- 
ings and facilities for receiving, 
handling, feeding, watering, selling, 
weighing and delivering from 25,000 
-to 150,000 or more animals per 



products and by-products of slaugh- 
ter are prepared and distributed to 
nearly all parts of the world. Each 
of these districts and the manage- 
ment there represented is entirely 
independent of the other district 
and the interests there in control, 
except that they are mutually de- 
pendent upon each other as cus- 
tomers, the live stock market look- 
ing largely to "Packingtown," while 
it looks to the stock yards as the 
source for its daily supplies of ani- 
mals as "raw materials." 



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261 



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There is as much difference be- 
tween the live stock interests and 
the packing interests as there is be- 
tween wheat raising and flour mak- 
ing, as much difference between 
the Stock Yards and Packingtown 
as there is between a farm and a 
factory. The transactions of one 
district are entirely distinct and of 
a different nature from those of the 
other district, the deals in one be- 
ing with producers or their agents, 
called commission men, as sellers 
of live animals, while in the other 
the transactions are those of manu- 
facturing plants with wholesale and 
retail buyers of meats to be dis- 
tributed to consumers, and with 
manufacturers in other lines who 
purchase animal by-products pre- 
pared for their use. 

The Union Stock Yards proper 
is a great live stock hotel and mar- 
ket, owned and operated by the 
Union Stock Yards & Transit 
Company of Chicago, and inde- 
pendent corporation chartered by 
the state of Illinois. This com- 
pany furnishes the site, pens, 
buildings, and all necessary facili- 
ties for the transaction of an im- 
mense live stock business, but is 
not itself interested in the transac- 
tions on the market. It will neither 
buy nor sell live stock. 

All sales are made by owners of 
the live stock or commission men 
acting as their agents, to the pack- 
ers, eastern shippers and exporters, 
and to stockmen for feeding pur- 
poses. This district is neither own- 
ed nor controlled by the packers, 
nor by any other element dealing 
on the market, all its facilities, in- 
cluding the weighing, etc., being 
operated by the disinterested cor- 
poration named above. 

The producers, country shippers 
and commission men on the one 
hand, and the packers, eastern 
shippers, exporters and other buy- 
ers on the other, are patrons of the 
market, and trade with each other. 

To give an idea of the magnitude 
of the transactions in the live stock 
district or Stock Yards of Chicago, 
it may be stated that there are re- 



ceived and sold on this market 
throughout the year a daily aver- 
age of over 1,000 carloads of live 
stock of an average value exceed- 
ing $1,000 per carload, or an aver- 
age of more than $1,000,000 worth 
of animals disposed of every busi- 
ness day of the year on this one 
market alone. The amount of these 
transactions is practically dupli- 
cated daily in "Packingtown" in 
the payment of wages and other 
expenses of manufacture and in the 
returns received from the sales of 
products. 

In the business of the Union 
Stock Yards proper and Packing- 
town together, over 40,000 men 
were employed, and fully a fifth of 
Chicago's population get their liv- 
ing directly and indirectly from the 
activities centered within and de- 
pendent upon this wonderful square 
mile. 

In forty-three years since the 
Yards were established there have 
been received: 

Cattle 87,854,114 

Calves 4,948,305 

Hogs 255,053,208 

Sheep 83,905,895 

Horses 2,402,556 

Total 434,164,078 

Valuation of receipts for forty- 
three years, $7,915,009,503. 

The shipments of all kinds of 
stock from the Yards during forty- 
three years were 130,047,985 ani- 
mals, making the grand total han- 
dled by the Union Stock Yards 
since its establishment, 564,212,063 
head. 

No such figures could have been 
produced by any other business nor 
at any other market in the world. 
They are stupendous — almost too 
great for comprehension. Yet, 
when it is remembered that every 
dollar indicated represents an ac- 
tual delivery of living property, the 
valuation being of receipts only, no 
fictitious sales being possible in the 
live stock trade and no duplicate 
sales being shown, their tremen- 
dous significance becomes still more 
apparent. 

Such enormous totals would have 



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262 



UNI— UNI 



been impossible unless the Chi- 
cago market were best for both 
sellers and buyers — for both pro- 
ducers and consumers. Those fig- 
ures demonstrate the wisdom of 
the plan and methods upon which 
this great live stock emporium was 
established, all sales being for cash 
and followed by immediate deliv- 
ery of the property sold. Chicago's 
immense patronage tells a story of 
general satisfaction. 

The wonderful productiveness of 
the vast agricultural empire sur- 
rounding Chicago, her fortunate 
location, her unequaled commercial 
facilities, and the remarkable en- 
terprise, tireless energy and wise 
foresight of her citizens have made 
her not only the greatest market in 
history, but also the coming great- 
est manufacturing center of the 
western hemisphere, whose manu- 
factures are already estimated at 
$1,300,000,000 annually, and the out- 
put of her meat packing establish- 
ments alone being close to $390,- 
000,000. 

It is difficult to measure Chi- 
cago's unparalleled advantages, the 
magnitude of her resources and 
achievements and the important 
bearing which her interests have 
upon the welfare of the nation. It 
may not be credited, but it is a fact, 
nevertheless, that were the activi- 
ties of this great center of trade 
and industry to abruptly cease 
there would be such a break in the 
supplies of the world that many 
business enterprises would be crip- 
pled; indeed, hunger in many cases 
would for some time follow. 

In the realms of fiction there is 
no story more strange and inter- 
esting than the plain recital of the 
growth and commercial develop- 
ment of Chicago. Within the space 
of a human life — a mere breath of 
the world's existence — a waste of 
swamp land has been transformed 
into a great and handsome metro- 
polis, the influence of which 
reaches to the farthermost parts 
of the earth. 

University of Chicago. — World- 
wide extension of the university 



idea, the carrying out of the prin- 
ciples of the new education into all 
parts of the globe, has come to be 
recognized as one of the foremost 
functions of great institutions of 
learning. The ideal university, cov- 
ering every field of thought, with 
trained investigators in every land, 
has been brought a step nearer 
realization. 

The University of Chicago has 
set a new pace in spreading this 
gospel of education. Of late years 
representatives of the university 
have circled the earth in almost ev- 
ery direction in quest of scientific 
facts, and their journeys in out-of- 
the-way spots have contributed 
enormously to science and art. The 
research work of the Chicago pro- 
fessors has been an important fac- 
tor in ranking the university with 
the few greatest centers of learn- 
ing of the world. 

Through the wise giving of those 
who have turned their wealth into 
educational channels the university 
has been enabled to send educators 
of international reputation into for- 
eign lands, always with a partial 
view to the inter-relations of the 
countries visited and the United 
States. 

The first University of Chicago 
closed its work in 1886. Within 
a few months thereafter Mr. John 
D. Rockefeller took into considera- 
tion the founding of a new institu- 
tion of learning in that city. In the 
fall of 1888 he conferred with Pro- 
fessor William R. Harper in re- 
gard to it, and finally entered into 
communication on the subject with 
Rev. F. T. Gates, secretary of the 
American Baptist Education So- 
ciety. In December, 1888, Mr. 
Gates brought the matter before 
the Board of Society, which ap- 
proved the effort to establish a 
well-equipped institution in Chi- 
cago, and instructed the secretary 
to use every means in his power 
to originate and encourage such a 
movement. At the annual meet- 
ing of the Education Society, held 
in Boston in May, 1889, the society 
formally resolved "to take imme- 



UNI— UNI 



263 



UNI— UNI 



diate steps toward the founding of 
a well-equipped college in the city 
of Chicago." To make it possible 
to carry out this purpose, Mr. 
Rockefeller at once made a sub- 
scription of $600,000 June 1, 1890. 
This condition was fulfilled. 

The annual meeting of the Edu- 
cation Society in June, 1890, was 
held in Chicago, and the board of 
the society adopted articles of in- 
corporation and a charter for the 
new institution. On September 10 
of the same year the University 
was incorporated. 

The incorporators named in the 
charter were John D. Rockefeller. 



elected president; and he entered 
on the duties of his office July 1, 
1891. 

On July 11, 1891, the executors 
and trustees of the estate of Will- 
iam B. Ogden designated to the 
University 70 per cent of that por- 
tion of the estate devoted by will 
to benevolent purposes. It is ex- 
pected that more than half a mill- 
ion dollars will be realized from 
this designation for "The Ogden 
(Graduate) School of Science of 
the University of Chicago." 

The University began the erec- 
tion of its first buildings on No- 
vember 26. 1891. The doors of the 




Tower Group, University of Chicago. 



E. Nelson Blake, Marshall Field, 
Fred T. Gates, Francis E. Hinck- 
ley, and Thomas W. Goodspeed. 
The name of the corporation in law 
is "The University of Chicago." In 
recognition of the peculiar relation 
of Mr. Rockefeller to the institu- 
tion, the Board of Trustees has 
enacted that on the seal, letter 
heads, and all official publications 
of the University the title shall 
read: "The University of Chicago, 
founded by John D. Rockefeller." 
At the first meeting of the board 
after its incorporation in Septem- 
ber, 1890, Professor William Rainey 
Harper, of Yale University, was 



University were opened to students 
and the work of instruction began 
October 1, 1892. The only build- 
ings then ready for occupancy were 
Cobb Lecture Hall and the Gradu- 
ate and Divinity dormitories. 

Mr. Rockefeller's original contri- 
bution was soon followed by an- 
other of $1,000,000, which provided 
for the establishment of an acad- 
emy at Morgan Park and the union 
of the Baptist Union Theological 
Seminary with the University as its 
divinity school. Other gifts fol- 
lowed, and on January 2, 1908, they 
had reached a total for all purposes 
of over $23,000,000. 



UNI— UNI 



264 



UNI— UNI 



December 14, 1895, Miss Helen 
Culver, of Chicago, presented to 
the University property valued at 
$1,000,000, "the whole gift to be 
devoted to the increase and spread 
of knowledge within the field of 
the biological sciences." 

At the convocation held March 
10, 1901, the president announced 
that the Chicago Institute, founded 
by Mrs. Emmons Blaine, was to 
become a school of the University, 
to be known as the University of 
Chicago School of Education; that 
the South Side Academy was to 
become one of the secondary 
schools of the University, and that 
this school and the Chicago Man- 
ual Training School would be con- 
nected with the University School 
of Education, the two combined 
preparatory schools to be named 
the University High School. 

With the beginning of the acad- 
emic year 1901-2 the University in- 
stitued instruction in the first two 
years of a medical course. A med- 
ical faculty was appointed and the 
Freshman and Sophomore classes 
of Rush Medical College were 
transferred to the University. 

In the spring of 1902 the board 
of trustees determined on the or- 
ganization of a law school, the 
work of instruction to begin in 
October, 1902. 

The annual enrollment of stu- 
dents in the college and graduate 
classes has been as follows: 

1892-3 698 

1893-4 920 

1894-5 1,347 

1895-6 1,815 

1896-7 1,880 

1897-8 2.307 

1898-9 2,959 

1899-0 3,183 

On January 10, 1906, the Uni- 
versity suffered an incalculable loss 
in the death of President William 
Rainey Harper, who had served 
through fourteen and a half years. 
On the death of President Harper, 
Harry Pratt Judson was appointed 
acting president of the University, 
and on February 20, 1907, he was 
elected president. 

The University is organized into 



1900-1 3,520 

1901-2 4,450 

1902-3 4,463 

1903-4 4,580 

1904-5 4,598 

1905-6 5,079 

1906-7 5,070 



five distinct divisions: I, Schools 
and Colleges; II, Extensions; III, 
Libraries, Laboratories and Mu- 
seums; IV, Press; V, Relations; 
VI, Physical Culture and Athletics. 

The schools at present organized 
are: The Graduate School of Arts 
and Literature, the Ogden (Gradu- 
ate) School of Science, the Divin- 
ity School, the Law School, the 
Medical Courses (in co-operation 
with Rush Medical College), and 
the School of Education. 

The colleges at present organ- 
ized are: The College of Arts, of 
Literature, of Science, of Philos- 
ophy, of Commerce and Adminis- 
tration; the College of Education; 
University College; the College of 
Religious and Social Science. The 
College of Education is the pro- 
fessional department of the School 
of Education, of which the Uni- 
versity High School and the Uni- 
versity Elementary School are also 
parts. 

The extension division directs, 
by lectures and correspondence 
courses, the work of students who 
are unable to attend the exercises 
held at the University. 

Under the third division are in- 
cluded the general library and all 
department libraries, the general 
museums and all special museums. 

The Press Division has charge 
of all printing and publication for 
the University, and of the purchase 
and distribution of books and sup- 
plies. 

The Division of University Rela- 
tions is charged with the super- 
vision of matters pertaining to the 
institutions in affiliation or co-op- 
eration with the University. 

The Division of Physical Culture 
and Athletics is charged with the 
provision of required courses in 
physical culture and the direction 
of athletics. 

Buildings and Grounds — 

1 Cobb Lecture Hall. 

2 North Hall. 

3 Middle Divinity Hall. 

4 South Divinity Hall. 

5 Snell Room. 

6 Walker (Geological) Museum. 



UNI— UNI 



265 



UNI— VIS 



7 Beecher Hall. 

8 Foster Hall. 

9 Kelly Hall. 

10 Kent Chemical Laboratory. 

11 Ryerson Physical Laboratory. 

12 The President's House. 

13 Haskell Oriental Museum. 
14-17 Hull Biological Laboratories: 

14 Zoology. 

15 Anatomy. 

16 Physiology. 

17 Botany. 

18 Green Hall. 

19 Ellis Hall. 

20 Hitchcock Hall. 

21 University Press. 

22 Power House. 

23 Mandel Assembly Hall. 

24 Reynolds Club House. 

25 Mitchell Tower. 

26 Hutchinson Hall. 

27 Bartlett Gymnasium. 

28 Emmons Blaine Hall. 

29 Gymnasium of School of Edu- 

cation. 

30 University High School. 

31 Law School. 

32 Classical Languages. 

33-35 William Rainey Harper Me- 
morial Library. 

33 Modern Languages. 

34 General Library. 

35 Historical Group. 

36 Philosophy. 

37 Museum. 

38 Divinity School. 

39 Gymnasium. 

40 Museum. 

41 Geology and Geography. 

42 Mathematics. 

43 Astronomy. 

44 Students' Observatory. 

45 Administration Building. 

46 University Chapel. 

47 Lecture Hall. 
48-49 Students' Hall. 

50 Anatomy and Neurology. 

51 Physiological Chemistry and 

Pharmacology. 

52 Hygiene. 

53 Marshall Field. 

54 Lexington Hall. 

55 Scammon Gardens. 

56 School of Education Play- 

grounds. 

57 Field Museum. 

The campus covers 95 acres, 



costing $4,217,553, on which now 
stands 31 buildings (with others 
planned for the near future), cost- 
ing nearly $5,000,000, and the total 
of gifts to the University up to 
June 30, 1908, were $29,651,859. The 
number of students during the col- 
lege year 1907-08 was 3,038. while 
541 of this number secured degrees. 
The number of instructors was 341. 

University of Chicago Library.— 

At the University, 58th St. and 
Ellis Av. This library contains 
478,061 volumes and 170.000 pam- 
phlets. It is primarily for the use 
of the students at the University, 
but others may have all the priv- 
ileges upon the payment of a fee. 
Properly credited scholars visiting 
Chicago will receive complimentary 
cards for a term of four weeks or 
less upon application. The reading- 
room is open to all and contains a 
substation of the Chicago Public 
Library. 

Virginia Hotel.— "The Virginia" 
is located on the corner of Rush 
and Ohio streets, and is one of Chi- 
cago's high class and fashionable 
hotels. It is built with the design 
of affording all the light and air 
possible. The building throughout 
is absolutely fireproof, and has 450 
rooms. Every traveler who has a 
chance to stop at the magnificent 
"Virginia" will find that he has all 
the comforts of a finely ordered 
home, and the conveniences of co- 
operative service, for which hotel 
living is peculiarly desirable. 

Visiting Nurse Association. — The 

offices are at 70 Dearborn St. In the 
association are four nurses support- 
ed by endowment and twenty by 
special subscription. During the 
year 1907 the nurses visited 14,981 
patients, 14,155 of these being pa- 
tients not before called upon. The 
number of visits made during the 
year was 99,510, and the total num- 
ber of nurses employed is seventy- 
six. Other deeds of charity are 
also performed, one of these being 
the giving out of garments for des- 
titute persons. Employment was 
found for 238 individuals. 



WAB— WAG 



266 



WAL— WAR 



The object of the Visiting Nurse 
Association is for the benefit of 
those unable to secure skilled as- 
sistance in time of illness, and to 
teach proper care of the sick. 

Wabash Avenue. — This avenue, 
lying next east of State St., was 
long the finest residence thorough- 
fare in the city, and had the ad- 
vantage of being early laid out in 
a style appropriate to a high de- 
gree of elegance. The march of 
improvement, however, fixed a dif- 
ferent destiny for it, and the lire of 
1871 hastened the change. Many of 
the homes which still remained 
such were swept out of existence 
in the great destruction, and the re- 
mainder, lying north of Twenty- 
second St., were almost without 
exception invaded by trade during 
the hurrying weeks which followed. 
It was at first believed quite gen- 
erally that Wabash Av. would at 
once become the favorite seat of 
the first class retail and wholesale 
trade; and building commenced 
very promptly and vigorously to 
this end. It was soon stayed, how- 
ever, and the class of business re- 
ferred to has now settled back in 
almost its former quarter — the 
showy stores on State St. and well 
down town, and the more than 
substantial ones at the foot of 
Wabash and Michigan Avs. There 
they established the foundation of 
a grand wholesale traffic district, 
which has extended gradually 
southward and made Wabash Av. 
all that it aspired to be. 

Wagons and Carriages. — Among 
the miscellaneous industries of 
Chicago is the manufacture of 
wagons, carriages and other ve- 
hicles, which rank among the fore- 
most in importance. In the manu- 
facture of farm wagons several 
Chicago firms have achieved fame 
and wealth. In immense plants, 
covering acres of ground, vehicles 
of every description are turned out 
in amazing quantities annually. 
The value of the output last year 
reached $11,250,000. 

Waldheim Cemetery. — Located 
ten miles west of the City Hall. 



Take train at the Grand Central 
depot via Chicago & Northern Pa- 
cific Railroad. Funeral train leaves 
at 12:01 p. m. daily. Here are in- 
terred the anarchists executed for 
connection with the Haymarket 
bomb throwing on May 4, 1886. 
(See Haymarket Massacre.) 

Wall Paper Market.— The larg- 
est and most complete stocks of 
wall paper in the world are to be 
found in Chicago. Every kind and 
variety known to the trade, rang- 
ing from the "bread and butter" 
papers to the highest grades, are 
manufactured in this city. The in- 
dustry had its inception in Chicago 
about twenty-five years ago, and 
the growth of the business was co- 
incident with the growth of Chi- 
cago itself into a great emporium 
of trade. 

Practically every manufacturer 
cf wall paper in the country is rep- 
resented in Chicago. 

Ward Boundaries. 

1. Chicago river, 22d St., lake. 

2. 22d St., Clark, 26th, Princeton, 
32d. Calumet, 33d, lake. 

3. 33d St., Calumet, 32d, Parnell, 
39th, lake. 

4. River, Loomis St., 31st, Centre, 
32d PL, Morgan. 33d, Halsted, 
33d. Parnell, 32d, Princeton, 
26th, Clark, 22d. 

5. River, Illinois and Michigan 
canal, West 39th, Parnell. 33d, 
Halsted, 33d, Morgan, 32d PL, 
Centre, 31st, Loomis. 

6. Hyde Park town line (39th) 
State, 51st, Cottage Grove, 52d, 
lake. 

7. 52d St.. Cottage Grove, 51st, 
State, 71st, lake. 

8. 71st St., Stony Island Av. pro- 
jected through to the intersec- 
tion of the east line of Sees. 26 
and 35, Township 37, N. R. 14, 
along said section line to city 
limits, 138th St., Indiana state line, 
lake. 

9. West 12th, Morgan, 18th, Mor- 
gan, river. 

10. West 12th. Laflin, river, Mor- 
gan, 18th, Morgan. 

11. West Taylor, Cypress, 12th, 




The Montgomery Ward & Co. Building, 
Corner Madison Street and Michigan Boulevard. 



(267) 



WAR— WAR 



268 



WAR— WAT 



12. 

13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 

21. 
22. 
23. 

24. 

25. 

26. 
27. 



Hoyne, Illinois and Michigan 

canal, Laflin. 

West 12th, Homan, Ogden, 

Clifton Park Av., 24th, Central 

Park Av., Illinois and Michigan 

canal, Hoyne. 

Washington, Homan Kinzie, 

40th Av., 12th St., Western. 

West Chicago Av., Homan, 

Washington, Ashland. 

North Av., Kedzie, Chicago 
Av., Ashland, Division, Robey. 
West Fullerton, Robey, Divi- 
sion, river. 

West Division, Ashland, Kin- 
zie, river. 

West Kinzie, Ashland, Madison, 
Centre, Van Buren, river. • 
West Van Buren, Loomis, Tay- 
lor, Laflin, 12th, river. 
Ashland Blvd., Washington, 
Western, 12th, Cypress, Taylor, 
Loomis, Van Buren, Centre, 
Madison. 

North Av., Sedgwick, Division, 
Wells, river, lake. 
North Av., river, Wells, Divi- 
sion, Sedgwick. 

Fullerton, Halsted, Centre, Ra- 
cine, Clybourn, river, North 
Av., lake. 

Belmont, river, Clybourn, Ra- 
cine, Center, Halsted, Fullerton, 
Racine. 

Indiana boundary line, Howard, 
Ridge Road, Devon, Clark, Irv- 
ing Park Blvd. (Graceland Av.), 
Racine, Fullerton, lake. 
Howard St. projected, Kedzie 
projected, Devon projected, 
Western, Belmont, Racine pro- 
jected, Irving Park Blvd., Clark, 
Devon, Ridge. 

West Devon, 64th projected, 
city limits, Bryn Mawr project- 
ed, 60th projected, Irving Park 
Blvd., 72d projected, North Av., 
Kedzie. Diversey, river, Bel- 
mont, Western. 

Diversey, Kedzie, North Av., 
Robey, Fullerton. river. 
West 39th St. projected, 48th 
Av. projected, 55th St., Halsted. 
West 39th, Halsted, 55th, State. 
West 55th, 48th Av., 87th. West- 
ern, 79th, Loomis, 63d, State. 
West 63d, Loomis, 79th, West- 



ern, 107th, Halsted, 103d, Stew- 
art. 99th, State. 

33. 71st, State, 99th, Stewart, 103d, 
Halsted, 111th, Peoria, 115th, 
Ashland, 123d, Halsted, city 
limits, east line of Sees. 35 and 
26, T. 37, N. R. 14, Stony Island 
Av. projected. 

34. West Kinzie, 46th Av., 39th St. 
projected, Illinois and Michigan 
canal, Central Park Av., 24th 
St... Clifton Park Av., Ogden, 
Homan, 12th St., 40th Av. 

35. West North Av., Austin Av., 
12th, 46th Av., Kinzie, Homan, 
Chicago, Kedzie. 

Warden's Report of Patients. — 

On January 1, 1909, 1,322 patients 
were in the Cook County Hospital. 
During the previous month 2,515 
were admitted, and during the same 
time 2,258 were discharged. Dur- 
ing the same month 185 died. Daily 
average number of patients, 1,357. 

Wards. — Under the general in- 
corporation act of 1875 Chicago was 
divided into eighteen wards. There 
are at present thirty-five wards 
represented in council by two al- 
dermen from each ward. 

Washingtonian Home. — Located 
566 to 572 West Madison St., is a 
reformatory for inebriates and had 
its origin with the Good Templar 
lodges of Cook County. 

Water Pipe System. — The pres- 
ent water pipe system consists of 
2,153 miles of mains, 18,254 stop 
valves, and 22,127 fire hydrants. Of 
these quantities there were added 
during the past year by construc- 
tion and through purchase of the 
Rogers Park Water Company's 
plant, 80 miles of water mains, 830 
stop valves and 944 fire hydrants. 

Omitting Washington Heights, 
Norwood Park and Rogers Park, 
the total pumpage for the year at 
the various pumping stations is 
about 165,934,823,150 gallons. This 
shows an increase pumpage as com- 
pared with 1906 of 6,446,440,410 gal- 
lons. The cost of pumping 1,000,- 
000 gallons of water one foot high, 
exclusive of fixed charges, was 3.38 



WAT— WAT 



269 



WAT— WEA 



cents in 1907 as compared with 3.78 
cents in 1906. 

Water Works System. — About 
ten years ago more comprehen- 
sive plans for the improvement and 
enlargement of the water works 
system of Chicago, which then con- 
tained many obsolete and uneco- 
nomical parts and features, were 
commenced. 

The work designed comprises 
four new tunnel systems with in- 
take cribs and pumping stations, 
about 203 miles of large distribut- 
ing mains, varying in size from 20 
to 36 inches, as well as an entire 
system of sub-mains to be added 
as required. Also the renewal and 
remodeling of several of the old 
pumping stations, work rendered 
necessary for an up-to-date econo- 
my in operation and to meet ordi- 
nary wear, as well as to make the 
same , conform to the more com- 
prehensive system. 

Based on plunger displacements 
of the pumps, and omitting Wash- 
ington Heights, Norwood Park 
and Rogers Park, the water 
pumped during the year was 165,- 
934,823,150 gallons against an av- 
erage head of 113.74 feet. 

Besides special surveys made 
during the year to determine and 
reduce the slip in the pumping en- 
gines, seven districts of the city of 
Chicago were surveyed, covering 
an area of 2,916 acres, extending 
from Lake Michigan west to Hal- 
sted St. and from Lake St. south 
to 31st St. 

This area has a resident popula- 
tion of 145,000. The Loop District, 
which forms a part of the area 
surveyed, has a floating population 
of approximately 700,000. 

By means of these surveys it 
was found that the city supplies 
the Loop District with about 15,- 
500,000 gallons of water per day, 
for which it received in revenues 
$299,172 per annum (based on 1907 
revenue), or a revenue of 5.3 cents 
per 1,000 gallons. 

The other six districts surveyed 
are furnished with an average daily 
supply of 37,490,000 gallons, for 



which the city received an annual 
revenue of $445,037, or a rate of 
3.26 cents per 1,000 gallons. 

The meter supply of the six dis- 
tricts mentioned was approximately 
11,416,000 gallons per day. The 
revenue derived from this source 
was $275,905, or a rate of 6.62 cents 
per 1,000 gallons, based on 1907 
rates. 

The unmetered water furnished 
to these six districts was 26,074, 
000 gallons per day, for which the 
city received a revenue of $169,132 
per annum, or 1.77 cents per 1,000 
gallons. 

Water Tunnels — The daily ca- 
pacity of Chicago's water tunnel 
systems is as follows: 

Gallons. 

Lake View 45,000,000 

Two-Mile Tunnel 170,000,000 

Four-Mile Tunnel 95,000,000 

Sixty-eighth Street Tunnel.105, 000,000 
Northwest system 200,000,000 



Total 615,000,000 

Waubansee Stone. — This stone is 
one of the few relics of the early 
military post. On one side of its 
top it bears a carved portrait of 
the Indian chief Waubansee, who 
proved himself a friend of the white 
man. This stone is one of the most 
interesting relics of the days when 
Chicago consisted only of Fort 
Dearborn and a few cabins along 
the river. It is a granite boulder 
more than six feet tall and three 
feet square. About the time of the 
Civil War Mr. Isaac Arnold, 104 
Lincoln Park Blvd., removed the 
stone to his yard, where it still re- 
mains. 

Weather Bureau. — The weather 
bureau of the United States de- 
partment of agriculture publishes 
daily more than 100,000 weather 
bulletins, not counting the fore- 
casts in the newspapers. Most of 
these bulletins are in the form of 
postal cards printed by postmasters 
from telegraphic reports and s_*nt 
by them to outlying towns for dis- 
play at suitable points. There is 
also an elaborate system of redis- 
tribution by means of telephone 
and railroads from established 



WEI— WES 



270 



WES— WHE 



centers. So that there are com- 
paratively few accessible places 
which do not now receive daily 
weather forecasts within a very 
short time after the observers have 
completed their work. The old 
system of conveying information 
about the weather by means of 
flag displays is also in general use. 

A red flag with a black center 
indicates that a storm of marked 
violence is expected. The penants 
displayed with the flags indicate 
the direction of the wind: Red, 
easterly (northeast to south) ; 
white, westerly (from southwest to 
north). The penant above the flag 
indicates that the wind is expected 
to blow from the northerly quad- 
rants; below, from southerly quad- 
rants. 

By night a red light indicates 
easterly winds and a white light 
above a red light westerly winds. 

Two red flags w T ith black centers 
displayed one above the other indi- 
cates the expected approach of 
tropical hurricanes and also of those 
extremely severe and dangerous 
storms which occasionally move 
across the lakes and northern At- 
lantic coast. Hurricane warnings 
are not displayed at night. 

Weights and Measures. 

Weights 
and 
Measures. 

Inspections made 105,445 

Condemnations 2,537 

Scales inspected 43,080 

Scales condemned 1,424 

Baskets inspected 2,174 

Measures inspected 60,091 

Measures condemned 1,113 

Arrests made 414 

Fines imposed $ 9,427.00 

Fees collected 21,273.95 

Expenditures 23,440.98 

Wellington Hotel. — Jackson Blvd. 
and Wabash A v.. Chicago; $150,000 
spent in remodeling and refurnish- 
ing. European plan. Visit the In- 
dian Room, Chicago's most beauti- 
ful and unique dining place. Well- 
ington Hotel Company. 

West Side. — The West Side con- 
tains all the territory west of the 
North and South branches of the 
Chicago river. 



Western Springs. — Located 15.4 
miles from Chicago and has a pop- 
ulation of 1,200. This city is a 
residential suburb of Chicago and 
has all modern conveniences. There 
are no factories or other institu- 
tions of that kind. 

What Eggs Are Made of.— The 

white of an egg is nearly seven- 
eighths water, the balance being 
pure albumen. The yolk is slightly 
less than one-half water. To show 
how nearly alike the eggs of vari- 
ous domestic fowls are in respect 
to composition, the following fig- 
ures are given by the Department 
of Agriculture: 

Percent — ■ Water. Protein. Fat. 

Hen's egg 50 16 33 

Duck's egg 46 17 36 

Goose egg 44 19 36 

Turkey egg 48 18 33 

It should be explained that "pro- 
tein" is the stuff that goes to make 
muscle and blood. That, of course, 
is fuel for running the body ma- 
chine. Thus it will be seen that 
eggs, though half, or nearly half 
water, are extremely nutritious, 
containing all the elements re- 
quired for the building and support 
of the human body. 

What is Tuberculosis? — It is the 

ever-present scourge of the human 
race. It is called consumption 
when the lungs are affected. Taken 
in all its forms, it is the cause of 
one-seventh of all deaths. The 
germs of the disease are most 
often carried in the sputum of a 
consumptive and are usually dis- 
tributed in the form of fine dust 
that is blown about by the air. 

But consumption is a preventable 
disease. The germs are killed by 
sunlight and fresh air. > In damp, 
dark places they will live indefi- 
nitely. People who live in over- 
crowded and badly ventilated 
rooms are especially liable to con- 
tract the disease. 

Wheaton.— Wheaton is 29 miles 
from Chicago, and has a popula- 
tion of 2,345. A number of hand- 
some public buildings and resi- 
dences are located here. Wheaton 



WHE— WHI 



271 



WHI— WHI 



is also the county seat of Du Page 
county and is one of the older 
towns., founded in 1838. 

Where Lake Sailors Go. — The 

lumber camps of the north woods 
offer an inviting field for the win- 
ter months, and many hundreds of 
the men seek these places. The 
number who can do this, however, 
grows less with each passing year 
as the cut of timber in these sec- 
tions grows smaller. Farm and 
railroad work generally is light at 
this season in the northern states, 
but many of the men are hired by 
contractors, who send them to dis- 
tant points for this class of outdoor 
labor. 

The greater proportion of the 
men, however, spend the winter in 
the large cities bordering the lakes, 
and this has a most demoralizing 
influence on many of them, for as 
a rule they must live in lodging 
houses in the downtown districts, 
and the temptations of the vicinity 
leave some of them in sorry straits 
before the spring season begins. 
Chicago, of course, claims the 
greater number of the men as a 
winter harbor, and here they are 
able to find employment more 
easily than elsewhere. This city 
affords a good location for a char- 
itable home or refuge for sailors on 
the lakes similar to those estab- 
lished so successfully in sea coast 
cities. 

Where to Eat and Sleep.— To the 

hungry or sleepy visitor to Chi- 
cago the 369 hotels and 650 res- 
taurants which do a profitable busi- 
ness within its boundaries, offer 
ample inducement to make Chicago 
his abiding place for as long a 
period as his time and purse will 
permit. 

White City. — Located on South 
Park avenue and 63d St.. Halsted, 
Ashland, State or Wentworth street 
cars, transferring east in 63d St.; 
South Side Elevated to gates or 
sounth-bound cars in Cottage 
Grove Av. 

White Plague in Chicago. — Con- 
sumption is Chicago's greatest 



problem. It means more in dollars 
and cents than any other problem 
with which the city is concerning 
itself. A little is being done to 
meet the question, and that little 
is yielding a return, but when one 
has read of the conditions and then 
learns what is being done to meet 
them, he will be appalled by the in- 
sufficiency of it — staggered by the 
immensity of the terror and by the 
small number of weapons with 
which to fight it. Fortunately for 
us, it is not a severe disease, either 
as a disease of the individual or as 
a disease of the community, and it 
can be controlled with surprising 
ease. But what of the situation? 

During the year 1908, 30,545 per- 
sons died in Chicago, and the an- 
nual death rate of 14.1 for each 
1,000 population makes it the fourth 
lowest in the cities reported. The 
total deaths by tuberculosis in all 
forms contributed 3,928, or about 
one-eighth of the whole number. 
The tuberculosis death rate for the 
year was 181 for each 100,000 liv- 
ing people. This is a saving of ten 
lives in every 100,000 living as com- 
pared with the preceding year, but 
when compared with the average 
of ten years — 1898 to 1907 — it is an 
increase of a little more than two 
in every 100,000. 

Consumption or tuberculosis of 
the lungs caused 3,345 deaths in 
1908. The death rate from con- 
sumption was 154 for each 100,000 
of population. This is a saving of 
eleven in each 100,000 living, as 
compared with 1907, but is exactly 
the same as the average of the last 
ten years. Compared with the av- 
erage of the last twenty years, it 
is a saving of four in each 100,000 
living, compared with fourteen 
other American cities of 300,000 
and over, Chicago stands sixth in 
the order of the lowest death rate 
by pulmonary tuberculosis. 

The important features of the re- 
cently stimulated movement against 
tuberculosis are as follows: 

Better enforcement of the laws 
pertaining to the control and pre- 
vention of tuberculosis. Prevent- 



WHI— WHI 



272 



WHI— WHI 



ing overcrowding in homes, work- 
shops, public meeting places, etc. 

Providing proper ventilation and 
light in homes, workshops, public 
meeting places, public conveyances, 
etc. 

Prosecution of "spitters" — spas- 
modically, to serve as a warning. 

Reporting of living cases of tu- 
berculosis by physicians now re- 
quired. 

An increase of 1,032 per cent in 
number reported last 14 months 
as compared with preceding 14 
months. 

Enactment of new laws. Or- 
dinance providing for tuberculosis 
tests of cows furnishing milk and 
cream to the Chicago market. 

Ordinance providing for tuber- 
culin test of cows whose milk is 
used in milk products — butter, 
cheese, etc. — furnished the Chicago 
market. 

Regulation of cows kept in city. 
Tuberculin test required. 

Milk and cream. New rules reg- 
ulating the sale and handling of 
milk and cream in stores, depots, 
etc. 

Milk and cream. Ordinance pro- 
hibiting sale of bulk milk and 
cream in stores where other mer- 
chandise is sold. 

Meat inspection ordinance. All 
meat food products to be inspected 
by department of health or federal 
meat inspector. (Formerly much 
meat for local consumption escaped 
inspection.) 

Tenement houses. Ordinance re- 
stricting enlargement of tenement 
houses and other buildings, accord- 
ing to size of lot. 

Hospitals. Increased power for 
regulating, inspecting, etc. 

Dispensaries. New ordinance 
providing for regulation and in- 
spection. 

Smoke. New ordinance estab- 
lishing inspection department on 
scientific basis. 

Gases. New provision for abate- 
ment of odors and smoke gases. 

Bakeries. New ordinance regu- 
lating bakeries. Contains features 
affecting health of employes. 



Contagious diseases. New rules 
approved by city council regulating 
contagious diseases. Special sec- 
tion concerning tuberculosis. 

Dissemination of knowledge con- 
cerning tuberculosis. Spceial pam- 
phlet on consumption for free pub- 
lic distribution. 

Weekly bulletins of department 
frequently contain advice concern- 
ing tuberculosis, reach all physi- 
cians, clergymen, school principals, 
and hundreds of laymen interested 
in health work. 

Street car placards. Advice to 
public on health matters carried in 
the usual advertising spaces in 
street cars and cars of the elevated 
roads. 

Placards for posting in factories, 
stores, etc. 

Lectures. The commissioner and 
other members of the department 
of health give on an average of 
one address each day throughout 
the fall, winter and spring on 
health subjects before public and 
society gatherings. 

Provisions for care of consump- 
tion: 

Dispensaries. Seven free dis- 
pensaries are maintained by Chica- 
go Tuberculosis Institute. 

Hospitals. Four institutions for 
the care of consumptives and one 
new one is under construction. 

Cook County Consumptive Hos- 
pital at Dunning, just outside the 
city limits at the northwest (now 
in operation). 

The Edward Sanitarium, which 
is maintained by the Chicago Tu- 
berculosis Institute at Naperville, 
111. (now in operation). 

Those under construction are: 

Cook County Consumption Hos- 
pital, located at Blue Island, just 
outside the city, at the southwest 
(not yet in operation). 

Chicago - Winfield Tuberculosis 
Sanitarium, located at Winfield, 
111. Endowed. (Recently opened.) 

Other measures employed: 

Chicago health department urges 
advisability of early diagnosis of 
tuberculosis and furnishes tuber- 
culin free for diagnostic purposes. 



WID— WHI 



273 



WIL— WOO 



Physicians are encouraged to 
avail themselves of the city's lab- 
oratory facilities without cost. 

Disinfection of practically all tu- 
berculosis infected premises now 
being done, 2,577 such premises 
being disinfected last twelve 
months, as compared with 919 pre- 
ceding twelve months. 

Recording systems have been 
adopted for living cases and in- 
fected premises. Not the least val- 
uable feature of this recording sys- 
tem is that it enables the Health De- 
partment to advise Chicago families 
moving into new homes to ascertain 
from the records whether the prem- 
ises to be occupied have previously 
been occupied by a consumptive, and 
if so, was disinfection performed 
after vacating. 

More of open air living encour- 
aged and made possible by creation 
of new parks and playgrounds. 

White Slave Traffic. — Secret 

agents of the United States gov- 
ernment are bending every effort 
to identify and capture the "Big 
Chief," the man pointed to in 
twenty federal prosecutions as the 
head of the international white 
slave traffic. This man is said to 
be tall and extremely powerful, 
with curly reddish hair and beard. 
He is supposed to be the deus ex 
machina of the well organized 
criminal conspiracy which, defying 
state, national and international 
law, traffics in the young girls from 
all the nations on the earth. 

Girls from American farms, peas- 
ant girls from France and Austria. 
Germany, Sweden, Japan, China 
and other countries, fall by the 
thousands into the hands of this 
organization, and are sold like cat- 
tle. 

They are robbed by their task- 
masters and in the end are fit sub- 
jects for the medical clinic and the 
hospital. Girls bring from $15 to 
$300 in this international mart. 

The city of Chicago in its pro- 
tected vice dstricts furnished the 
greater part of the pitiable narra- 
tive which was given to the United 
States agents in their campaign 



against the international white 
slave traffic. 

Wide-Tire Ordinance.— It shall 
be unlawful for any person or cor- 
poration to transport, haul, drive 
or lead over the streets of the city 
any wheeled vehicle unless such 
vehicle is equipped with flat or 
straight tires with oval edges of 
not less than the following widths 
for the following loads: 

Width, inches. 

2,000 pounds 1 

3,000 pounds 2y 2 

4,000 pounds 2 

5,000 pounds 2 % 

6,000 pounds 3 

7,000 pounds 3% 

9,000 pounds 4 

10,000 pounds 5 

11,000 pounds 5% 

12,000 pounds 6 

14,000 pounds 6% 

16,000 pounds 7 

18,000 pounds 7 y 2 

Over 18,000 pounds 8 

It is also provided that the weight 
of the wagon shall not be included 
in the load. 

Whiting, Ind.— Whiting is 16.8 
miles from Chicago, and has a pop- 
ulation of 3,983. The Standard Oil 
Company, covering many acres, is 
located here. 

Willard Hall.— Willard Hall is 
located in the Temple building at 
Monroe and La Salle Sts., and is 
named in honor of the leader of 
the temperance organization. Noon 
meetings are held throughout the 
year and are largely attended by 
men and women. This hall is lo- 
cated in the center of the main floor 
of the Temple, and is ornamented 
with many memorial tablets, where 
the religious meetings are held. 

Wilmette. — Wilmette is 14 miles 
from Chicago, and has a population 
of 2,300. This town is a residen- 
tial suburb. It borders on Lake 
Michigan and is travered by the 
Sheridan Road. Wilmette was 
named after the Indian chief Ouil- 
mette. 

Wooded Island. — The Cahokie 
court house is a very interesting 
feature at the Wooded Island in 
Jackson Park, known as the oldest 



WOO— WOM 



274 



WIN— WIN 



building in the Mississippi Valley. 
It was built about 1716, and has 
served under three flags, French, 
British and American. It was 
termed "fort" and "garrison" by 
early French, British and Ameri- 
cans. At different times it was 
used for both civil and military pur- 
poses and is known as the oldest 
county seat building in the north- 
west territory. 

This old building was first re- 
moved from Cahokie for exhibition 
at the Louisiana Purchase Exposi- 
tion at St. Louis in 1904, and after- 
wards was brought to Chicago and 
placed in Lincoln Park. The build- 
ing is made of walnut logs set on 
end, the logs being held together 
with wooden pins. Within the 
building are a number of photo- 
graphs of original documents which 
relate to its interesting history. 

Wool Growers. — It is the inten- 
tion of the National Wool Growers' 
Association, which controls the 
bulk of production of the country 
west of Chicago, to make this city 
the greatest wool market in the 
world. Negotiations are now under 
way for the acquisition of the site 
for a great warehouse in the south- 
western part of the city, on the 
Chicago river. The land and build- 
ing will cost approximately $500,- 
000. It is the intention to ship the 
bulk of the wool to Chicago and 
clean and store it. 

Women's Garments. — Not only in 
the production of men's and youth's 
ready-to-wear garments is Chicago 
famous, but it leads the world in 
the manufacture of women's gar- 
ments, including skirts, cloaks, 
waists, suits, etc. The essential 
features which have advanced the 
clothing industry of Chicago to the 
front rank are style, finish and 
price. The secret of the Chicago 
manufacturer's success in his 
chosen field lies in his ingenuity 
in adapting fashions to styles of 
goods, his care in producing a su- 
perior article and in creating a gar- 
ment that the most unskilled pur- 
chaser readily recognizes as fully 



worth the price asked for it. In 
this important branch of business 
Chicago has gained its prestige by 
producing high grade clothing, 
made in the most attractive and 
pleasing styles, and sold at prices 
that attract the attention of pur- 
chasers everywhere. That these are 
factors in the race for commercial 
supremacy is evidenced by the 
fact that the clothing manufactur- 
ers of Chicago are constantly en- 
larging their plants as the demands 
upon them increase, employing ad- 
ditional operators and in every 
other way increasing their facili- 
ties to meet the growing demands 
of business. 

Winnetka. — Located 16.8 miles 
from Chicago, and has a popula- 
tion of 1,833. This little city faces 
the lake, and the homes are situ- 
ated in spacious grounds. Winnet- 
ka signifies in the Indian tongue 
"Beautiful Land," and the name has 
not been misapplied. 

Window Cleaning. — The owner 
or agent of every building here- 
after erected in the city of Chi- 
cago shall equip each and every 
window in any such building above 
the second story thereof, with a 
suitable device or devices which 
will permit the cleaning of the 
exterior of each and every window 
in such building, above the second 
story, without danger to the per- 
son cleaning such windows, such 
devices shall be of such pattern and 
construction as will reasonably an- 
swer the purposes for which they 
are intended. Provided, however, 
that if the windows are of ?uch 
size that they may be easily cleaned 
from the inside they need not be 
equipped with such devices. 

Windsor-Clifton European Ho?el. 

— Corner Wabash Av. and Monroe 
St., Chicago. Centrally located 
within half a block of State St. ind 
all the big retail department stores, 
with all principal theaters on every 
side, all wholesale millinery houses 
within a block and easy of access 
to every wholesale house in Chi- 
cago. 



WIR— WOR 



275 



WOR— YER 



Wireless Telegraph. — Prepaid 
messages may be accepted for 
transmission by "Wireless" at 
"sender's risk" to nearly all of the 
trans-Atlantic and coastwise ocean 
steamships and Long Island Sound 
boats. For list of boats which are 
equipped with wireless apparatus 
and for rates, apply at any Tele- 
graph office. 

Workshop Inspection. — The thor- 
oughness of the canvass of estab- 
lishments in which wearing apparel 
is made is believed to be an im- 
provement over that of any pre- 
vious year, the number of work- 
shops inspected being more than 
6,600, of which about 3,60Q have 
been found subject to license. The 
number of workshop licenses issued 
in 1906 was 1,279; in 1907, 3,187, 
and for 1908 will amount to about 
3,300. 

The problem of how to properly 
control the making of clothing in 
tenement houses is still unsolved. 
While it appears necessary to allow 
this to a certain extent in order to 
support families which would other- 
wise find it exceedingly difficult to 
make a living, there is an increased 
apprehension on the part of the 
public that contagion is liable to 
spread by clothing which is allowed 
to be made under tenement condi- 
tions. The methods of control in 
other cities are under advisement, 
and it is hoped that some system 
of control may be devised which 
will prove applicable to Chicago 
conditions. 

World's Fair. — The success of the 
World' Columbian Exposition in 
1893 served to attract the atten- 
tion of investors to Chicago as a 
suitable location for investment, 
while its superior natural advan- 
tages, its superb harbor facilities, 
its tremendous commerce, its en- 
terprise, all contributed to the com- 
mercial greatness of the city. Its 
public utilities, more especially 
transportation for the people liv- 
ing in the distant suburbs, still are 
inadequate for increasing require- 
ments, but it is believed that with- 
in another dejcade Chicago will 



boast of the finest transportation 
system in the world. 

Worry a Habit. — Worry is sim- 
ply a habit. It is also a very fool- 
ish habit. It cannot be cured by 
good resolutions nor by talking 
about it. The best cure is to keep 
busy. As "Satan always finds some 
work for idle hands to do," so the 
idle mind will always find plenty 
of time to worry over the cares 
and perplexities of life. The health 
side of this hint is. that worry im- 
pairs digestion, destroys mental 
poise, and ruins good temper. And 
no one can be physically healthy 
and happy who cultivates the habit 
of worrying. 

Wrecking Buildings. — Any per- 
son, firm or corporation engaged 
in the business of wrecking build- 
ings within the city limits shall file 
with the city clerk of the city of 
Chicago an approved bond in the 
sum of twenty thousand dollars 
($20,000) to indemnify the city 
against any lawsuits brought or 
judgments obtained against the 
city of Chicago, or any of its offi- 
cers resulting from accidents to 
persons or property during wreck- 
ing operations, and shall also pro- 
cure a contractor's license. 

Yerkes Astronomical Observa- 
tory. — The Yerkes Observatory was 
founded in 1892, through the mu- 
nificence of the late Charles T. 
Yerkes of Chicago. Its principal 
instrument is a refracting telescope 
of 40 inches aperature, which is 
provided with a micrometer, a 
photometer and an attachment or 
direct photography of celestial ob- 
jects, a stellar spectrograph, a 
solar spectograph and a specto- 
heliograph. 

The construction of the main 
building of the observatory was 
completed in 1897. Its form is that 
of a Latin cross, with three domes 
and a meridian-room at the ex- 
tremities. The principal axis of 
the building is about 330 feet long, 
with the dome for the 40-inch tele- 
scope at the western end. This 
dome is 90 feet in diameter, allow- 
ing ample space for the tube of 



YOU— YOU 



276 



YOU— YOU 



500 feet from the observatory. 

Much of the special apparatus 
needed for the researches conduct- 
ed at the observatory has been 
constructed in the well equipped 
shops in the basement. 

The Bruce photographic tele- 
scope, having two photographic 
doublets of 10 and 6-inch apera- 
ture, with a guiding telescope of 
5 inches aperature, occupies a sep- 
arate building near the observa- 
tory. 

The observatory is situated one 
mile from the village of Williams 
Bay, on Lake Geneva, Wis., in an 
ideal rural region, free from the 
dust and smoke of the cities., and 
removed from the tremors of rail- 
road traffic. Williams Bay is 76 
miles from Chicago, and is reached 
by the Chicago & North-Western 
railway. 

Yield of Cereals. — The following 
table gives the 1908 estimated yield 
of the crops named, together with 
the official yields for 1907: 

1908,bu. 1907, bu. 

Corn 2,515,000,000 2,592,000,000 

Wheat 659,030,000 634,087,000 

Oats 798,161,000 754,443,000 

Rye 30,921,000 31,566,000 

Barley 167,242,000 153,597,000 

Hay 67,743,000 63,677,000 

The invention of the reaper in 
1831 and the subsequent develop- 
ment in farm machinery added 
marvelously to the productive 
power of the United States. In a 
generation its production of food 
stuffs and manufactures grew from 
an insignificant total to an amount 
nearly equal to that of all Europe. 
It is difficult to overstate the im- 
portant influence which improved 
agricultural machinery has had 
upon the nation's progress and 
prosperity. 

Young Chicago. — In spite of its 
steady growth after the incorpora- 
tion in 1837, Chicago was during 
the firest period of its municipal 
life a country village. It was April 
21, 1843, that the council passed 
an ordinance prohibiting hogs 
from running at large in the streets. 
Paving was absolutely unknown 



and a few streets were planked, 
the result being that after rains 
the populace had to wade through 
mud and slush, while it often hap- 
pened that traffic was suspended 
because of the frightful condition 
of the streets. As late as August, 
1850, one of the Chicago news- 
papers states that "many of the 
populous localities are noisome 
quagmires." 

Owing to a lack of systematic 
drainage system, sanitary condi- 
tions were deplorable. As a conse- 
quence the death rate in 1845 was 
the great telescope, which, with 
its attachments, is nearly 70 feet 
long. The elevating floor of the 
observing room is 75 feet in di- 
ameter, and is movable through 
a range of 23 feet by means of elec- 
tric motors. 

One of the two smaller domes 
contains the 12-inch telescope 
formerly at the Kenwood Observa- 
tory, and in the other is mounted 
a 24-inch reflector. Between these 
domes is the heliostat room, 100 
feet long by 12 feet wide. 

The body of the building con- 
tains offices and computing rooms, 
a library, lecture room, photo- 
graphic laboratory, dark-rooms, 
chemical laboratory, instrument 
rooms, etc. In the basement are 
photographic rooms, a room con- 
taining a large concave grating 
spectroscope, spectroscopic labora- 
tory, and machine shops. The en- 
gines, dynamos and boilers for 
supplying heat and power are in 
the powerhouse, at a distance of 
26 per 1,000 population, while in 
1848 it had increased to 29. In the 
summer of 1849 there was a visi- 
tation of cholera and of 1,000 per- 
sons taken sick 314 died. The total 
deaths from this scourge in that 
year were 678. In 1850 cholera 
appeared again, and 420 persons 
passed away. In 1854 there were 
1,424 deaths from cholera. Today 
Chicago is the healthiest city in 
the United States. 

Young Men's Christian Associa- 
tion of Chicago. — Results count. 
Judged by what it has accomplished 



YIE— YOU 



277 



YOU— ZOO 



and by what it is doing every day, 
the Y. M. C. A. of Chicago must 
be accepted as one of the great 
agencies for the upbuilding of this 
community. It makes men. It is 
humanly helpful, not only now and 
then, but all the time. It is the 
friend of the lonely young man, of 
the stranger and of the man out of 
work. It gives safe companionship 
and practical advice and wholesome 
recreation and shelter. Its main 
building in the downtown district 
is located at 153 La Salle street, and 
its eighteen branches throughout the 
city are exercising over thousands a 
powerful influence for good. 

The Association is conducting 
work in Chicago for four city de- 
partments, six railroad depart- 
ments and seven student depart- 
ments. 

Twelve thousand seven hundred 
and ninety-three men and boys 
were members of the Association 
during 1908. 

The attendance at gymnasium 
classes last year totaled 95,454. 

The natatoriums were used 174,- 
238 times. 

Fifteen thousand six hundred and 
sixty-two spectators attended As- 
sociation athletic events. 

Two thousand one hundred and 
eighty-three different men and boys 
were enrolled in the evening and 
day educational classes in 1907. 
The educational class attendance 
was 206,418. One hundred and six- 
ty-nine courses are offered in the 
day and evening classes. 

The average daily attendance at 
the buildings and rooms of all de- 
partments of the Association is 
3.572. 

The nine Association restaurants 



served 538,608 meals in 1907. 

The dormitories in the nine build- 
ings were used 119,713 times. 

Employment was found for 448 
men and boys. 

The Association possesses land, 
buildings and building funds 
amounting to $1,938,000, against 
which there is a mortgage debt of 
$693,000. 

Invested endowment funds 
amount to $55,000. 

The Association occupies, free of 
rent, four buildings erected by rail- 
road corporations. 

It occupies and manages Snell 
Hall at the University of Chicago 
and has free space furnished by six 
professional schools. 

The gross volume of current 
business aggregates $460,000 an- 
nually. 

Young Women's Christian Asso- 
ciation. — Located at 299 Michigan 
Av. This organization is a home 
for working girls who are alone in 
the city. They are carefully looked 
after by the management as to 
their comfort, and live a home life, 
and they pay a very reasonable sum 
for room and board. An agent is 
at each depot^ to meet unattended 
girls arriving in the city and gives 
them advice and direction. 

Zion City — Zion City is 42 miles 
from Chicago and its population 
is 2,500. The site is ten square 
miles of beautiful scenery and is 
located on the lake front. It is a 
very pretty city and is unequaled in 
many ways. Zion City is a point of 
much interest, known as the seat of 
the Church of Zion, founded by John 

Zoological Gardens. — (See Lin- 
coln Park.) 



ADVERTISING SECTION 

(RATES, ETC.) 



Morans Dictionary of Chicago is a work of about 400 pages, 
issued quarterly, bound in paper covers, also in library form — cloth, 
leather and gilt— and is on sale at all news stands, book stores, 
stations of the elevated railway and railroad depots. 



Advertising Rates, per Annum — $300.00 per page and up- 
wards, according to location. Rate per page in single edition 
$100.00 and up. 

Price, per copy— 50c, $1.00, $2.00 and $3.00, according to 
style of binding. 

All communications concerning advertising space should be addressed to 

GEORGE E. MORAN, Publisher 

Suite 1623, Masonic Temple Building, Chicago, 111. 



Congress Hotel and Annex 

CHICAGO, ILL. 




pinest J-Jotel in America 

Beautifully located on 
•^fc Michigan Avenue, 

Overlooking Lake Michigan. 

The Congress Hotel Company, 

R. H. SOUTHGATE, 

president. 



Hotel Lenox 

Boylston & Exeter Sts., (Back Bay District) 

BOSTON, MASS. 







The Lenox has two hundred and fifty gruest rooms and one hundred and twenty- 
five baths. The hotel is richly and tastefully furnished and is equipped with every 
requesite for safety and comfort. 

The Lenox is one of the most exquisitely appointed hotels in the world. 
EUROPEAN PLAN. 

The location of this excellent hostelry is most desirable for the traveling publio 
as it is within two blocks walk from the Back Bay Station of the New York, New Haven 
& Hartford Railroad, and about the same distance from stations of the New York 
Central & Hudson River Railroad. 

A Strictly Modern Hotel. Absolutely Eireproof. 

C. A. GLEASON, Manager. 



HOTEL MAJESTIC 

Facing Central Park and West 72d Street, 
NEW YORK CITY. 




MOST LUXURIOUS HOTEL IN THE WORLD. 



800 Rooms— Situated in the Fashionable Residential Centre, Pacing Central Park 

West, 72d Street. 

PATRONIZED BY THE EI/ITE. Charming Suites, with private entrance: single 
rooms with baths, also Magnificent State Suites. The Majestic Restaurant, 

most famous in the city. Orchestral Concerts during dinner; also in Pompeian 
Room during Opera and Theatre Supper; elegant appointments for private recep- 
tions and dinners. Electric Surface Cars to the Theatres and Shopping District pass 
the hotel; also the 6th and 9th Ave. Elevated Stations are within one block. 



THE WASHINGTON 

King's Highway and Washington Boulevard, 

ST. LOUIS, MO. 







/■•I! 


Strictly 
First class 




in 




Every 
|| Particular 


* 




%Jr 





ABSOLUTELY FIRE PROOF. 



"Patronized by the Elite." 

Rates consistent with Splendid Service and Accommodations. 

For beauty of location, Charming Surroundings, and with Service Unsur* 

passed by any Hotel in the West, "THE WASHINGTON" 

is second to none. 



Noted for the Excellence of its Cuisine. 

WASHINGTON HOTEL COMPANY, Props 



The Brunswick 



BOSTON, MASS. 




THE HOTEL BRUNSWICK, on Boylston Street, corner of Clarendon, 
is one of the grandest and most handsomely furnished hotels in the 
world. It is in the center of the fashionable "Back Bay" District, 
and opposite the Society of Natural History and Institute of Technology, on 
Boylston Street, and Trinity (Phillips Brooks) Church, on Clarendon Street. 
Just across Copley Square are Museum of Fine Arts, New Public Library, New 
Old South Church, and Art Club; and only a few minutes' walk from the 
Central, Arlington Street, and several other churches, public buildings, and the 
Public Garden. 



Herbert H. Barnes, 

MANAGER. 



Amos Barnes, 

PROPRIETOR, 



New Planters Hotel 



ST. LOUIS, MO. 




....Absolutely Fire Proof 

FRONTS ON FOURTH, CHESTNUT, AND PINE STREETS. 

Most Elegant Hotel in the West. 

STRICTLY EUROPEAN PLAN 



FINEST TURKISH BATH ROOMS 
IN THE UNITED STATES 



LYMAN T. HAY, 

General Manager 



a LENOX HOTEL 

IN BUFFALO 




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North St. at Delaware Ave. 

Modern. Highest Grade. Absolutely Fireproof. 

EUROPEAN PLAN. 

Rates not excessive though The Lenox is noted for the excellence of its 
cuisine and general service. 

Wire Reservations at otir Expense. 

Take Elmwood Ave. or Hoyt St. Electric Car. 

George Duchscherer, Proprietor. 




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Broadway, 36th and ?7th Sts., 
Herald Square, New York. 




every 



Completely RENOVA- 
TED and TRANS- 
FORMED in 
department. 

The largest and most 
attractive Lobby and 
Rotunda in the city. 

Two beautiful new DIN- 
ING ROOMS. 

Superior TABLE 
D'HOTE DINNER 
every day from 6 to 9 
P. M. 



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Broadway's chief attraction for Special Food Dishes. Pop- 
ular Music. Better than «ver before. 

EUROPEAN PLAN. 

400 ROOMS. 200 BATHS. 

REDUCED RATES for Permanent Guests. 

Rates for Rooms, $1.50 and upward; $2.00 and upward 

with bath. Parlor, bedroom and bath, $3.00, $4,00 and $5.00 

per day. Parlor, two bedrooms and bath, $5.00, $6.00 and 

$8.00 per day. $1.00 extra where two persons occupy a 

single room. 

SWEENEY-TIERNEY HOTEL COMPANY, 

E. M. TIERNEY, Manager. 




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£ a> ee o m © 2 
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The Acacia Hotel 

COLORADO SPRINGS, COLO. 




Superior location, facing BEAUTIFUL NORTH PARK, away 
from the noise and bustle of the city, yet within a few blocks of the 
shopping district and convenient to street car lines in all directions. 

The "ACACIA" is a new hotel, has every modern convenience, is 
exquisitely furnished, and is noted for its superior cuisine. 

CONDUCTED STRICTLY ON THE EUROPEAN PLAN. 
RATES —$1.50 PER DAY AND UPWARD. 

All outside rooms. Electric lighted. Steam heated. Telephone 
in every room. Music every evening. Hot and cold water in every 
apartment. Private and public baths. Cafe, Dutch Room, Ball Room 
and Sample Rooms. 

Colorado Springs is one of the most FAMOUS RESORTS in the 
West, and the ACACIA is its newest and most charming hotel. 

W. O. BRINKER, Manager. 






THE P ARK H OTEL 

HOT SPRINGS, ARK. 




ABSOLUTELY FIREPROOF. 

A strictly first-class Family Hotel. The only Hotel in Hot Springs that 
has its walls furred, thus preventing dampness from penetrating the sleeping 
rooms. BEAUTIFULLY LOCATES IN A PARK OF 10 ACRES. The only Hotel 
that is so situated that it receives Nature's great remedy, the sun, from the 
rising to the setting of the same. 

The Most Elegant Bath House in the Country. 

Constructed entirely of iron, tile, marble and brick, and besides having 
the regular Hot Spring baths, which are from the hottest of the Hot Springs 
upon the U. S. Government Reservation; there is also a magnificent Turkish 
bath, Electric bath, Massage and German Needle. 

The Hot Springs of Arkansas are the most wonderful curative waters in 
the world. For further information addresa 

J. R. HAYES, 

PROPRIETOR. 



HOTEL EMPIRE 

Broadway and Sixty-Third St. 

Empire Park 

NEW YORK CITY, 



STRICTLY FIRE-PROOF. MODERN. 

Patronized by Travelers and Tourists from all parts of the world. Over &350,000 
in improvements just completed. Electric Clocks, Telephones and Automatic Light- 
ing- Devices in every room. Completely remodeled, redecorated and refurnished 
throughout. One minute to Elevated and Subway Stations. 

Noted for the Excellence of its Cuisine and Service. 

RATES MODERATE. 

From all Ferries and Steamships take 9th Avenue Elevated Railway to 59th Street : 
which is one minutes' walk from this hotel. 

From Courtland Street or Liberty Street Ferries take cars marked k '6th and Amster- 
dam Avenue" direct to the Empire Hotel in 20 minutes. 

From Grand Central Station take Red Cars marked "Broadway to Fort Lee Ferry' 
and reach the hotel in 6 minutes. 

All Street Cars of the Metropolitan System pass the EmDire. All Theatres and 
Department Stores can be reached by cars in 10 to 15 minutes without change. 

C^°Send for booklet and rates. 

W. JOHNSON QUINN, Proprietor 



NEW OCEAN HOUSE 

SWAMPSCOTT, MASS. 




One of The Most Palatial and Beautiful 
Summer Resort Hotels in America. 



240 ROOMS. 60 PRIVATE BATHS. 

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Open June to October, 



Cuisine Unexcelled. 



AINSLIE & GRABOW, managers. 



HOTEL BALTIMORE 

Baltimore Avenue and 11th Street, 
KANSAS CITY, MO. 




STRICTLY EUROPEAN PLAN. 

THE HOTEL BALTIMORE is the pride of Kansas City. Its cuisine and ser- 
vice is unsurpassed by any other hotel in the country. Rooms large and exquisitely 
furnished. 

LIGHTED BY ELECTRICITY AND HEATED BY STEAM THROUGHOUT. 
RATES— $1.50 to $3.50 per day. 

THE BALTIMORE HOTEL COMPANY, 

Proprietors. 






United States Hotel 1 



BOSTON, MASS 




BEACH, LINCOLN and KINGSTON STREETS, 

FAMOUS FOR HALF A CENTURY. 

RECENTLY ENLARGED AND GREATLY IMPROVED, 

FURNISHING FIRST-CLASS ACCOMMODATIONS 

FOR FIVE HUNDRED GUESTS. 



Pleasure Parties, Ladies and Families visiting- the East, will find the "UNITED 
STATES" combining all the conveniences and substantial comforts of a pleasant 
home, free alike from extravagant show, or still more extravagant charges, while its 
very convenient location within three blocks of South Terminal Station, thus making 
a most convenient point to stop on arriving in the city, saving all carriage fares. 
and, for those who desire to spend a day or week in shopping, or visiting the thousand 
objects of art and interest, a most central, desirable and convenient location, being 
only two minutes' walk from all the great fashionable Retail Establishments, The- 
atres, Objects of Interest, and Places of Amusement . 

The United States recommends itself for the notable character of its guests; its 
large, sunny rooms, its most excellent table; and moderate charges: — while its 
twelve stairways from the top to bottom, and "no rooms above the fourth 
floor,"— need no comment. 

Rooms may be engaged with or without board. For Special Rates, full particu- 
lars will be given, with maps, circulars, etc., on application to 

TILLY HAYNES, United States Hotel, BOSTON. 



HOTEL 
PFISTER 

MILWAUKEE, 
WIS, 




THE above cut illustrates in miniature the elegant HOTEL 
PFISTER, which is located on the corner of Wisconsin 
and Jefferson Streets, within five blocks of the Bay, and 
commands a view of the entire city. 

It is in all respects one of the most perfectly equipped Hotels 
in the world, being absolutely FIRE-PROOF from basement to 
roof. 

STEAM HEAT AND 

ELECTRIC LIGHT 

IN EVERY ROOM. 

The service in the Dining Rooms and Cafe, and throughout 
the house, is of the highest and most efficient character. Pure 
spring water for drinking purposes is used. 

There are one hundred Private Bath Rooms, also a 

TURKISH BATH 
ESTABLISHMENT. 

These Baths are Unequaled in America. 



American and European Plan 
with rates consistent 
with service.- 



L. SEVERANCE, 

Manager. 



Hotel Empire 

WINNIPEG, MANITOBA. 



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AMERICAN PLAN— Rates $3.00 per Day and upwards. 

Strictly First-Class in every particular. Lighted by Electricity and 

Heated by STEAivi!i,THR«UGHOUT. 

"The EMPIRE" is the leading hotel in the metropolis of Western 
Canada, and is the Winnipeg headquarters for tourists and commercial 
travelers. The rooms are large and handsomely furnished and arranged en 
suite or otherwise to suit the convenience of all guests. The dining rooms 
are large, artistically decorated and resplendent with crystal and silver. The 
cuisine and service are beyond criticism, and it may be a source of satisfac- 
tion to know that the rates are exceptionally low when the first-class accom- 
modations are considered. Superior location, as it is but a few minutes 
walk from The Empire to the leading wholesale and retail houses, banks, 
theaters, railway stations, etc. McLAREN BROS., Proprietors. 






MOST MODERN HOTEL in the SOUTHWEST 










McAlester, Okla. 



EUROPEAN PLAN, 
AMERICAN PLAN, 



$1.00 TO 
$2.50 " 



$2.00 PER DAY. 
$3.50 



Rates: 

^imon'nr T <-k^ori^n Convenient to leading retail stores, banks, theatres. 

kJUpcllOr L.OCailOIl. etc This splendid hotel occupies the same block 
as the magnificent BUSBY OPERA HOUSE, famous throughout the country as 
being the most elegantly equipped theatre in the South. 

MAGNIFICENT IN ALL ITS APPOINTMENTS. 

TL RiicVvir r-Trkr*»l is an imposing structure, and strictly modern in 
1 ne DUSDY noicl every respect. It is also the recognized headquarters 
in McAlester for the better class of the tourist and commercial travel. 

Lighted by Electricity and Heated by Steam. 

Furnishings, Service and Accommodations Up-to-Date. 
Noted for Excellence of its Cuisine. 



WM. BUSBY, 

Proprietor. 



G. H. MILLS, 

Manage] 



HOTEL DENTON 

SALIDA, COLO. 







American and European Plan. 

Lighted by electricity and heated by steam throughout. Recently refurnished and 
refitted. Rooms with Private Bath. Passenger Elevator. 

Local and Long Distance Telephone in each Apartment. 
Free Bus to and from all trains. 

SALIDA, an attractive mountain resort only a few hours' ride from Denver, 
is located in a beautiful valley completely surrounded by a chain of picturesque 
mountains, rich in many of the valuable minerals, and with scenic attractions both 
grand and sublime. The HOTEL. DENTON is the leading hostelry in this charming- 
little mountain city. 

STRICTLY FIRST-CLASS. Rates reasonable. Accommodations the best. 

Headquarters for Tourists and Commercial Travelers. 

Cm Gm DENTON, Manager. 






THE ELK HOTEL 

17th and BLAKE Streets, 
DENVER, COLORADO. 




EUROPEAN PLAN, 50c to $1.50 per day 
First Class Restaurant run in Connection. 

Newly Furnished Throughout. Elevator, Steam 
Heat, Electric Lights, Bath, etc. 



Located at 17th and Blake Streets, only a block and a half from the Union 

Depot, and only a few minutes walk to the Wholesale 

District, Theatres, Banks, Etc. 

DAVID WHINTON, propr.etor 



HOTEL STEDMAN 

KETCHIKAN, ALASKA 



EUROPEAN PLAN. 
Strictly First-Class. 



Favorite Stopping Place for Tourists and 
Commercial Travelers. 



The hotel accommodations of Ketchikan are unques- 
tionably the very best in the District of Alaska, and in 

many respects equal to those of the leading hostelries on the 
Pacific Coast. 

The magnificent scenery to be enjoyed in and about 
Ketchikan, Alaska, is rapidly attracting the attention of the 
better class of tourists from all parts of the country. 

The climatic advantages of Alaska during the spring, 
summer and fall months cannot be excelled. 

THE STEDMAN HOTEL occupies a most desirable 
location in the very heart of the business center of the town. 

Lighted by Electricity and heated by Steam. 



An Excellent CAFE is operated in connection with THE STEDMAN 
JOHN W. STEDMAN, 

Proprietor. 






WEST RADEN SPRINGS HOTEL 

WEST BADEN, IND. 



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***** 




NEW HOTEL OF THE WEST BADEN SPRINGS CO. ABSOLUTEYL FIRE-PROOF. 
THE EIGHTH WONDER OF THE WORLD. 



ONE OF THE MOST MAGNIFICENT RESORT HOTELS 
IN AMERICA. 



THIS charming resort is situated among the terminal spurs of the 
Cumberland range, among charming scenic surroundings, in a 
region replete with historic interest. The bathing facilities, 
plunges and athletic courses are among the largest and finest in the world, 
and every variety of outdoor and indoor exercise is obtainable. 

WEST BADEN SPRINGS COMPANY, 

PROPRIETORS. 

L. W. SINCLAIR, Prest. 



Hotel Abbott 

19TH AND CURTIS STREETS, 
DENVER, COLO. 



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EUROPEAN PLAN. 



Rates 50c, 75c. and $1.00 Per Day, 



The Location, Service and Accommodations at the Hotel 

Abbott are First-Class. This hotel is but a few minutes 

walk from the Union Depot, Wholesale Houses, 

Banks, Principal Retail Stores, Theatres, etc. 



•Special Rates by the WeeR or Month 

O. E. TAUSSIG, pro™™ 



Hotel Oregon 

COR. 7th AND STARK STS. 

PORTLAND, OREGON 



European Plan. 

A thoroughly new and modern hotel. Rooms 
provided with running water and Long Distance 
telephone service. Our Grill room is handsome, 
perfectly ventilated, and conducted on a high order. 
The Royal Hawaiian Kawaihan Orchestra can be 
heard every evening in this Grill room. Our new 
fire-proof addition, now in course of construction, 
will give us the largest and best hotel accomoda- 
tions in the Northwest, and enlarge the seating 
capacity of our Grill room to 700 people. 



Wright-Dickinson Hotel Co. 



PROPR I ETORS. 



CHAS. WRIGHT, 

'President. 



M. C. DICKINSON, 

J^Ianager. 



Sexton Hotel 

Twelfth and Baltimore Avenue, 

KANSAS CITY, MO. 




To reach the hotel from Union Depot ^stairs 1 



Avenue Car 
IN DEPOT. 



"THE SEXTON" is Kansas City's newest and most elegantly furnished hotel. 
Located in the very heart of the Shopping and Theatrical district, and within a 
few minutes walk of the principal Wholesale section of the city. 

European Plan. Rates $1.00 per day and up. 

Wire for Reservations at Our Expense. 

150 Elegantly Furnished Rooms both Single and En-Suite. 

Everything Strictly First-class and Up-to-date. 

CAFE AND GRILL (Separate dining rooms). 

Lighted by Electricity and Heated by Steam throughout. 

Favorite Stopping Place for Tourists and Commercial Men. 
A Charming Hotel with all the latest Modern Improvements. 
Service and Accommodations THE BEST. 

BILLINGS HOTEL COMPANY, Proprietors. 



Hotel Marie Antoinette 

Broadway, Sixty-Sixth and Sixty-Seventh Sts., 

NEW YORK CITY. 




Under the same management as "THE IROQUOIS," Buffalo, N. Y., and 
"THE GRAND UNION," Saratoga, N. Y. 

HOTEL MARIE ANTOINETTE, one of the most fashionable locations 
in the Metropolis. 

Easily accessible. Convenient to all principal attractions either by the 
surface roads, with their perfect system of transfer, passing the door; by 
the elevated (with station at Sixty-sixth street, opposite); or by the Subway, 
with station at the very entrance to the Hotel. Within one block of Central 
Park, and but five minutes ride to or from the Grand Central Station, 
shopping centers, and principal theatres; removed from the disturbing in- 
fluences of city traffic and trade environment, the Hotel is particularly de- 
sirable for Families and Individuals visiting the city for a brief stay, or one 
of indefinate duration. 

SAFE DEPOSIT boxes in private vault. MAIL CHUTES on every floor. 

RATES— especially for transients— more reasonable than those prevail- 
ing tor similar accomodation in the business section of the city. 

The Marie Antoinette is one of the largest and most sumptuously appointed 
hotels in the world. 

A. M. WOOLEY, MANAGER. 



NEW 



HOTEL BELLEVUE. 

BOSTON, MASS. 




NEW MODERN FIREPROOF HOTEL, 

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiii 

Beacon Street, near Tremont. 

Close to State House and Common. 



Located in the heart of the business center, amusement 
and shopping district 

Take Elevated Trains from either South or North Station and get off at 

Park Street, 

EUROPEAN PLAN 

Harvey &. Wood, proprietors. 



Lnj-LTLnnnj inn nniu\ i 




ORMOIND 




SANTA LUCIA ORANGE GROVE 

Trees loaded to the ground with golden fruit. The first orange grove 
reached upon the East Coast trip. 

ORMOND BEACH. 

Twenty miles of perfect surface for automobiles and bicycles, three 
hundred feet wide at low tide, as hard, smooth and level as a floor. 

Coasting record before the wind with no sails, 17 miles in 1 h., 20 m. 
Mid-Winter Bathing — Dressing rooms at Pavilion or at Hotel Coquina. 

THE TOMOKA. 

"The Ocklawaha of the East Coast." 

The Trip — Eighteen miles by steamboat to Ostinola Spring, in the heart 

of the palmetto forest, luncheon at the log cabin, and drive five miles back 

by the "Hammock Drive" to Ormond. Time: 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. Tickets, 

$5.00, covering sail, luncheon, and drive. The greatest one-day trip in Florida. 

DRIVES OF ORMOND. 

River road to Number Nine, Hammock and Old Chimneys, 

Mount Oswald and Tomoka PoLit, Old Causeway and Buckhead Bluff, 

Ocean Beach to Daytona and return by Shore of the Halifax River, six 
miles beside the sea and six along the river. 

WHILE AT ORMOND 

sample the finest fruit in Florida and secure a case of Ormond s famous 
guava jelly or assorted tropical sweetmeats. 

IMPROVEMENTS. 

The Ormond had nearly fifty suites with private bath added last season. 
The dining hall seats over five hundred guests, and the main office extends 
the entire length of the original house. 

The table and services are at the standard required by the Florida East 
Coast Hotel Company. 



Summer Hotel 
riOUNT PLEASANT HOUSE 

In the White Mountains, 



P N. H. 

DTUTjTruxruajTrinriJTJTJ 



ANDERSON & PRICE, 

Managers 
HOTEL ORHOND, 

Ormond, Fla. 



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New Alamo Hotel 

60L0RAD0 SPRINGS. 60LO. 



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Strictly Fire-Proof. 



The "New Alamo" is the most thoroughly equipped and 
modern hotel in the PIKE'S PEAK REGION. 

Located in the center of the business district, and has 
the finest sample rooms to be found in the West, 

With its 1 50 exquisitly furnished guest rooms, and 
forty suites with bath, tile floors and wainscoting, and a din- 
ing room capable of seating two hundred, and par-excellence 
in all of its appointments, the Alamo is second to none of 
the leading hotels of the Country. 

This house is a favorite stopping place for eastern tourists 
who appreciate the best of accomodations at rates consistant 
with the service. 

Rates, $2.50 to $4.00 per day and upwards. 



GEORGE S. ELSTUN, 



Manager of the Antlers at the time of the fire. 



Proprietor 



Hotel Baxter 

Baxter Springs, Kansas 

Nicely Furnished and Service First-Class. Located in the 
very heart of the business center of the City. 



Baxter Springs, Kansas, 
is rapidly becoming one 
of the greatest Lead and 
Zinc producing districts 
in the whole Southwest, 
and the "Hotel Baxter" 
is its leading hostelry. 



Clever treatment of its guests and good service are among the 
chief characteristics of the house. 



Cuisine and Service all 
that could be desired 



Headquarters for Commercial Travelers 



A. L. NEWTON 

Proprietor 



THE DENISON 



DENISON, TEXAS 

AMERICAN PLAN 

Rates: $2.50, $3.00, $3.50 per Day 




Local and Long Distance Telephone in all Rooms. 
Rooms Single and En-suite with Private Bath. 
Lighted by Electricity and Heated by Steam. 

STRICTLY FIRST-CLASS 

Headquarters for Commercial Men. One of the very Finest Hotels in the South. 
Located in the Heart of the Business Center. 

M. L. OGLESBY, manager. 



HOTEL EASTMAN 



HOT SPRINGS, ARK. 
THE PALATIAL HOUSE OF THE WEST. 




Everything first-class and delightful for pleasure seekers 
Graduated rates, $21.00, $25.00, $28.00, $31.50, $35.00 
$42.00, and $50.00 per week. 

Finest bath-house in the world. Famous health 
resort. The Hot Springs of Arkansas are world- 
renowned. Certain cure for rheumatism, gout, neu- 
ralgia, and kindred or hereditary diseases. 

For further information, write Hotel Eastman. 

LYMAN T. HAY, 

Manager 






THE POST TAVERN 

BATTLE CREEK, MICH. 



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_ "THE POST TAVERN" i s the pride of Battle Creek. 
It is a new hotel and strictly modern in all its appointments. 

It is a six story stone and brick structure and is abso- 
lutely fireproof. 

This hotel is located in the very heart of the business 
section of the city, and is convenient to all the Wholesale 
Houses, Theatres, Railroad Depots, etc. 



Rooms both Single and En-suite. Cuisine Unexcelled, 
Local and Long Distance Telephones in Every Room. 



Lighted by Electricity and Heated by Steam Throughout. 

E. F. CLARK, lessee. 



HOTEL B&MIHTOH 



VANCOUVER, B. C. 




AMERICAN PLAN <* STRICTLY FIRST-CLASS 

RATES: $2.00, $2.50 and $3.00 PER DAY. 

There is nothing adds so much to the prestige of a city in the estima- 
tion of a stranger as a first-class hotel. First among those of Vancouver, 
B. C, comes the elegant "BADMINTON," which for comfort and elegance 
is surpassed by few hotels in the Dominion of Canada. 

The location of the Badminton is certainly the most desirable in the 
city, fronting as it does on two of the principal streets and within five min- 
utes' walk of all the large wholesale and retail houses, banks, theaters, etc. 

The Badminton has about ioo handsomely furnished rooms, both single 
and en suite. 

Headquarters for Tourists. J. w. WALLIS, Proprietor. 



FAIRMONT HOTEL 

San Francisco, California 




Crowns Nob Hill in the heart of the city and commands a magnificent 
sweep of the Bay and Golden Gate. 

The Best for the Best Travel. 
Headquarters of the Army and Navy. 

EUROPEAN PLAN 

AH Rooms Outside. Every Room with Bath. 

Rates $2.50 per day and upwards. Cuisine and Service unsurpassed. 
Auto Busses and Carriages at all Steamers and Trains. 

Address THE PALACE HOTEL COMPANY, 

JOHN Gm KIRKPATRIGK, General Manager. 



The Hotel Knutsford 



SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH. 



The 

Pride of the 

West 




a s, 

HOLMES 
Prop, 



THE KNUTSFORD AFFORDS THE BEST ONLY. 



This magnificent hotel represents an actual outlay of $750,000. 
It is built of gray granite, seven stories in hight, and fire -proof. 
There are 250 guest rooms, single or en-suite. 

THE KNUTSFORD 

Is centrally located, near all places of interest and important 
business houses, on both electric car lines, and is thoroughly 
equipped with modern improvements. The cost of furnishing 
it alone was more than $150,000, ard neither pains nor mone}i 
have been spared to make it rank as a first-class home-like hotel 



RATES REASONABLE 



REFERENCES: AH the Best Hotels 
in the United States.... 



The ANGELUS 

Los Angeles, California. 




THE LEADING HOTEL IN THE METROPOLIS OF 
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. 

Most Centrally Located and Best Equipped. 

Tourist and Residential Hotel. 



AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLANS. 



THE ANGELUS GRILL is Par Excellence 

in its Appointments. 

THE POPULAR DINING PLACE. 

For Rates and Booklet address, 

LOOM1S BROS., Proprietors. 



GRAND WORK OF DWIGHT 



Keeley's Great Medical Discovery 
Saves Thousands 



ALCOHOLISM ROUTED BY SCIENCE 



Huge Institute has Become a Beacon Light of Success 
and Happiness 



Dwight, Illinois, is not a large city, though a pretty and attractive one. 
Its name, however, is far better known the world around than are the 
names of a hundred larger towns, and few indeed are they even in the 
farthest corners of the habitable globe who have never heard of Dwight, 
and of the Keeley Institute that gives the little city its renown. 

The Keeley Institute, unique and incomparable, holds a place and rank 
peculiarly its own. Many years ago, Dr. Leslie E. Keeley, an army surgeon 
and an enthusiastic student of mankind, originated the theory that inebriety 
was a disease, to be combatted by methods new, original and comprehen- 
sive, and the Keeley Institute was the result of his discoveries. Beginning 
on a small scale, the Keeley Institute grew, spread, and enlarged its quar- 
ters, until it now fills a series of magnificent structures, costing upwards of 
$500,000. Hundreds of men and women from all over the world flock to 
Dwight, pass under the treatment of the Keeley theories, and, freed from 
the yoke of alcohol, go back to their homes and business occupations 
redeemed and happy. These people find, on reaching Dwight, that they 
are not coming to a prison or an asylum, but to a place where they have 
absolute freedom, and no restraint save those which gentlemen and ladies 
voluntarily impose upon their own behavior. Within a few days, the desire 
for alcohol has died away — in a month's time, the alcoholic power has been 
eradicated from tha system, and the patient is ready for a home trip and a 
life of renewed usefulness. 

Drug habits are treated at Dwight with equal success, though the time 
usually required for the cure of drug-victims is somewhat longer than that 
needed by alcoholic victims. The best of accommodations in a superb and 
up-to-date hotel, the kindliest of treatment, and associations always remem- 
bered in the happiest mood, are attractions of the Keeley Institute, and 
have contributed to draw patronage of the highest class. 

The Keeley Institute has done wonderful wcrk for good, and, though 
the original discoverer has passed to his reward, the Institute lives on, and 
bids fair to continue its mission for many years to come. 



LIVINGSTON HOTEL 



DWIGHT, ILLINOIS 




STRICTLY FIREPROOF 

One of the famous hotels of the country. Noted for the excellence 
of its table, its large airy rooms, its wide halls, its commodious lobby, 
with all modern improvements. 

AMERICAN PLAN 

Rooms single and ensuite at prices consistent with first-class serv- 
ice and accommodations. Located in the very heart of the business 
center of the city. Headquarters for tourists and commercial travelers. 

LESLIE E. KEELEY COMPANY, Proprietors 



ST. JAMES HOTEL 

IDEHSTVEPt, 003L.O. 




EUROPEAN PLAN 

The "ST. JAMES" is the most centrally located of Denver's leading 
hotels, and is strictly First-Class in every particular. 

All Rooms are equipped with Local and Long Distance Telephones 
and have hot and cold running water, and many have Private Bath. 

ALL OUTSIDE ROOMS. 

Capacity — 150 handsomely furnished rooms, both single and ensuite. 
Sixty rooms with bath. 

DENVER HEADQUARTERS for Tourists and Commercial Travelers. 

The St. James HofhrOU GSkfe is conceded to be the finest 
in Denver. 

Rates $1.00 to $2.50 per day (European Plan). 

Recently refitted and refurnished throughout. 

D. W. SHEA HOTEL COMPANY, 

Proprietors. 




Cawst 



on 



Ostrich 
Farm 



Most interesting sight in Southern California is the Cawston 
Ostrich Farm at South Pasadena. The farm is a delightful semi- 
tropical garden where 200 ostriches of all ages luxuriate. 

$50,000 Feather Display. 

The salesrooms at the Farm present a most tempting sight. 
Fully $50,000.00 worth of finest ostrich goods are constantly dis- 
played. Ostrich Feather Boas, Tips, Fans, Etc., are sold at pro- 
ducer's prices. The Cawston Factory is just outside the farm 
enclosures. It produces the finest feather goods in the world. 

Write for Souvenir Catalogue. 



A beautiful and instructive catalogue containing pictures and 
prices of the goods sold can be had free by mail. Write for it. 

CAWSTON OSTRICH FARM, 

SOUTH PASADENA, CALIFORNIA. 



Pittsburgh. Pa 

HOTEL SCHENLEY, sch e p n p l°e s y ,t pW 




The Hotel Schenley » i«ated opposite 

in *r Schenley Park, the 

XA^fc — most attractive place in or near Pittsburg; 

*y twelve minutes by the various street car lines 

from the heart of the city. The elegant structure 
is essentially MODERN and FIRE-PROOF, and is equipped with every 
convenience of a modern hostelry. It has about it an air of exquisite ele- 
gance and affords many fascinating attractions peculiar to itself which may 
not be found elsewhere. Transients will find this an ideal stopping place, 






EUROPEAN PLAN 



JAMES RILEY 3 proprietor 






ORIENTAL HOTEL 



DALLAS, TEXAS. 




FINEST HOTEL STRUCTURE IN THE SOUTH. 

"ABSOLUTELY EIRE PROOF." 

Over FIFTY SUITES of magnificently furnished rooms with PRIVATE 
BATH. Lighted by electricity and heated by steam. 

The "ORIENTAL" is one of the most thoroughly equipped and modern 
hotels in the country. Located in the center of the business district, and 
convenient to wholesale houses, theatres, etc. 

THE ORIENTAL is the PRIDE OF DALLAS, and no better evidence 
of its popularity is needed than the fact that both tourists and commercial 
travelers frequently travel many miles out of their way to visit this famous 
hotel. 

SERVICE AND ACCOMODATIONS STRICTLY FIRST-CLASS. 

OTTO HEROLD, Manager 



THE HOTEL REVIUA 

KETCHIKAN, ALASKA 

Opened June 5tk, 1906 

EUROPEAN PLAN. 



Rooms with Baths $1.00 to $3.50 per Day 



THE REVILLA is under New Management 

and has recently been refitted and refurnished throughout. 
STEAM HEATED AND ELECTRIC LIGHTED. 



Splendidly located in the heart of the business center. 

We cater to both the tourist and commercial travel. 

From both a scenic and climatic standpoint, Southeastern 
Alaska offers greater attractions to the tourist than any other 
section of the Pacific Coast, and the spendid scenery and 
excellent fishing in KETCHIKAN surpasses that of any other 
section. 

THE REVILLA IS FIRST-CLASS. 

This hotel recommends itself for its large sunny rooms, 
excellent accommodations and moderate charges. 

CAPT. W. A. CONNELL, 

Proprietor. 



THE O'CONNOR HOTEL 

BOULDER, COLORADO 




RATES, $2.50 AND UP. 

American Plan. Strictly First-Class. 

"THE O'CONNOR" is new, modern and up-to-date. Located in the business 
center and but one block from the Depot, Opera House and Banks. 

Headquarters for the tourist and commercial travel. 

Lighted by electricity and heated by steam. 

BOULDER, the ".G E M " of the Rockies is but an hour's ride by rail from 
Denver, and the "O'CONNOR'' is its leading hostelry. 



Q. J. O'CONNOR, Proprietor. 



Private Telephone Exchange all Departments, Main 587. 

Night and Day Service 
Estimates Cheerfully Furnished 

Rogers & Hall Company 

DIRECTORY, CATALOGUE 

AND 

PUBLICATION PRINTERS 



Owning its own Linotypes, Monotypes, Presses and Bindery, the 
equipment of this Company is the most complete in Chicago. 

126-132 Market Street 



At the Splendid Stables of the 

Manitou Livery and Transfer Company 

LOCATED AT 

MANITOU, COLORADO 

may be found an elegant line of carriages, buggies and rigs of 
all kinds, together with as fine horses as can be seen at the 
swellest eastern resorts. 

Among the many points of interest and drives in and about 
MANITOU may be mentioned 

UPPER DRIVES. 

1 Sodp., Sulphur and Ute Iron Spring's and Pike's Peak Railway. 2. Ute Pass 

Rainbow Falls and Grand Caverns. 3. William's Canon. 

Temple Drive, Cave of the Winds. 

LOWER DRIVES. 

1. Garden of the Gods. 2. Glen Eyrie. 3. Mesa 

OTHER DRIVES. 

Monument Park Manitou Park Seven Lakes Bear Creek Canon Cascade 
Canon Cheyenne Canon Green Mountain Falls 



HOTEL REGENT 

Cor. Penn. Ave. & 15th St. 

WASHINGTON, - D. C. 







The location of the Hotel Regent is the most desirable 
in the National Capital, situated but two blocks from the 
Executive Mansion and opposite the United States Treasury 
Building, and on Pennsylvania Avenue, the principal busi- 
ness thoroughfare of the city. 

AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLAN. Rates Reasonable. 



LIGHTED BY ELECTRICITY AND HEATED BY STEAM. 

Street Cars pass the door in all directions. 
SERVICE AND ACCOMODATIONS FIRST CLASS. 

W. J. WATSON, PROPR.ETOR. 



NATIONAL HOTEL 

LEAVE NWORTH , KAN. 
One of the Largest and Finest Hotels in the State 

Located at the hub of the business district, every part of the city 
accessible by Electric Cars from the door. 

FIRST-CLASS, MODERN AND LIBERALLY CONDUCTED. 
OPERATED on both AMERICAN and EUROPEAN PLANS. 
RATES REASONABLE. ACCOMMODATIONS THE BEST. 



HOTEL IMPERIAL (European Plan) Under same Management 
Headquarters for Commercial Travelers. 
MELLA & GIACOMIIMI, 

Proprietors. 



PACIFIC HOTEL 

NORTH YAKIMA, WASH. 

This is the leading Commercial Hotel of the prosperous and 
rapidly growing little city of North Yakima, in the richest valley of the 
great State of Washington. 

First-Class in every particular. New, modern, and 
located in the very heart of the business section of the city, and strictly 
up-to-date. 

THE PACIFIC is the best American £lan hotel between 
St. Paul and Seattle. 

Steam heated and Electric Lighted. 

I. B. TURNELL, Proprietor. 



Mariaggi Hotel 

PORT ARTHUR, ONTARIO, CANADA. 




REMODELED AND REFURNISHED THROUGHOUT 

Port Arthur is located at the head of Thunder Bay, on Lake Superior, 
and " The Mariaggi " is the leading hotel in this prosperous little city. 

AMERICAN PLAN — Rates from $2.00 to $5. 00 per day accord- 
ing to rooms and their location. Lighted by electricity and heated by steam 
throughout. The Mariaggi is a favorite stopping place for tourists and 
commercial travelers who appreciate the best of accommodations at reason- 
able rates. 

MA.YHBW «fe MANION, Proprietors. 



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HOTEL MADISON 

ALTON, ILLS. 

LEADING HOTEL OF THE CITY. 



"The Madison" is most centrally located, being 
but a few minutes walk from the Union Depot and 
the principal wholesale and retail business houses. 

Lighted by Electricity and Heated by Steam. 
AMERICAN PLAN. RATES REASONABLE. 

A. L. DANIELS, PROPRIETOR. 



Principal Hotel 

DAWSON, YUKON TER. 



EUROPEAN PLAN 



This hotel is the center of attraction in Dawson, one of 
the greatest gold-producing districts in the world. 

The visitor or traveler who desires the best accommoda- 
tions to be found in the KLONDIKE district should register 
at the Hotel Principal. A homelike, comfortable hotel, with 
accommodatiens for tourists as well as commercial travelers. 

RATES REASONABLE 



JACK McNEELY, Proprietor. 



Phoenix Hotel, 



^oo^ 



LEXINGTON, KY. 




One of the very best hotels in the South, and the only 
first-class hotel in Lexington. 

The "CAFE" connected with the Phoenix is Absolutely 
FIRST CLASS in every particular. 

This house has all the latest modern improvements, includ- 
ing Steam Heat, Electric Lights, Passenger 
Elevators, etc., etc. 



AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLANS. 



p j American Plan, $2.50 to $4.00 

Kates- -j European t4 $1.00 to $2.00 

PHOENIX HOTEL COMPANY, Proprietors. 

CHAS. SEELBACH, manager. 



Hotel Lincoln 



SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 




American Plan, $3.00 Op European Plan, $1.00 Up 



The Lincoln Hotel is situated corner of Madison street and Fourth 
avenue, covers half a block square and is convenient to the leading retail 
houses, banks, theatres, etc. Has 250 handsomely furnished rooms, both 
single and en suite; 200 private baths, and is strictly first-class in every 
particular. 

One of the attractions of the "Lincoln" that is of special interest to 
tourists and the traveling public is the beautiful Roof Garden, from which 
splendid views of the Harbor, Sound and Olympic Mountains may be 
obtained. Mt. Ranier is also visible from the hotel. 

The Lincoln Hotel is an imposing structure seven stories in height 
and strictly modern. It is also the recognized headquarters in Seattle for 
the better class of the tourist travel to the Pacific Coast and Alaska- 

BLACKWELL HOTEL COMPANY, Proprietors 
W. J. BLACKWELL Manager 




667 TO 677 BROADWAY, CORNER 3RD STREET. 

Midway between Battery and Central Park, 
THIS IMMENSE PROPERTY 
By far the Largest in New York, and one of the Great Hotels of the World. 
THE LOCATION IS UNSURPASSED. 
THE NEW RAPID TRANSIT ELECTRIC LINES passing the doors 
run the entire length of Broadway, from the Battery to Central Park, passing 
all the Fashionable Stores, Theatres and Principal Attractions of the City. 

ALL CROSSS-TOWN CARS TRANSFER AT BROADWAY WITH 
THE ELECTRIC CARS, taking guests direct to the hotel from every 
ferry, steamer-dock or station 

GRAND CENTRAL DEPOT Passengers can take LEXINGTON 
AVENUE ELECTRIC CARS, one block east of the station, direct to or 
from the Hotel to 42nd St., or Fourth Avenue Street Cars direct to ASTOR 
PLACE or BOND St., one block in front. 

Passengers ARRIVING BY ANY OF THE FERRIES, or either 

FOREIGN OR COASTWISE STEAMERS, can take any Cross-Town Car, 

or walk to Broadway and take Electric Cars direct to the hotel; or via. the 6th 

Avenue Elevated, stopping at Bleecker Street Station, 3 minutes from Hotel. 

THE CENTRAL WILL BE RUN ON BOTH THE AMERICAN 

AND THE EUROPEAN PLANS. 

The regular Tariff Charges for each Person will be: 

For Room only . . - . . $1.00 and upwards. 

For Room and Board .... $2.50 and upwards 

For Single Meals . . . -75 cents. 

Rooms with Parlor or Bath Extra. 
For full particulars, send for circulars, colored maps And other information to 

TILLY HAYNES, p„opr,etor 



HOTEL RYAN 

ST. PAUL, MINN. 




Absolutely first-class in every particular. 

A. A. POCOCK, Proprietor. 



EUROPEAN PLAN. 
RATES, $1.50 UPWARDS 



MAGNOLIA SPRINGS HOTEL 



u-Lnj-LnrLrLrLr 



MAGNOLIA SPRINGS, FLORIDA. 




Magnolia Springs is situated on the beautiful St. John's river, twenty- 
eight miles south of Jacksonville, on the J. T. & K. W. R. R. and by steam- 
boat on the St. John's river to and from Jacksonville. 

Magnolia Springs is one of the most delightful spots in Florida. Its 
salubrious climate free from dampness at all times, its absolutely pure 
drinking water free from all contamination, together with its beautiful sur- 
roundings make it one of the most charming "resorts" in the Sunny South. 

•mnniisuruu 

The magnificent "MAGNOLIA SPRINGS HOTEL," which is the 
principal attraction at this popular resort, is one of the most home-like and 
delightful hotels in the Peninsular state. 

Among the sports that are indulged in here may be mentioned — 
Shooting, Fishing, Golf, Tennis, Boating, Swimming, etc., etc. 

WmfUUUU 

This hotel has all the latest modern improvements. 
ITS CUISINE AND SERVICE IS UNEXCELLED. 
Open from November to May. AMERICAN PLAN. 

O. D. SEAVEY, PROPRIETOR. 



Ebbitt House 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 




AMERICAN PLAN 



Army and Navy Headquarters. 



H. C. BURCH, Proprietor. 



BI LLIN QS 

Thriving City of Great Wist, with Most Brilliant Future. 

BUSY CENTER OF STOCK 
AND FARMING EMPIRE. 

Real Metropolis in Construction, Energy and Progress. 



THE boundless West is thickly dotted with bright, progressive, and 
enterprising cities — metropolitancenters of the near future, towns 
which are destined to become rich and powerful. Prominent among 
these little cities of today, and with a future which none of them can sur- 
pass and few can equal, is Billings, county seat of Yellowstone County, 
Montana. 

Here is a thriving, growing city, superbly located, with every advantage 
of climate, and with an agricultural and stock-growing district stretching 
for 125 miles in every direction. The land is mostly of the kind that 
responds readily to irrigation, with rich black loam for soil, and the variety 
of successful crops is only rivaled by the astonishing quantities produced. 
Alfalfa prospers here even as it does at Los Angeles; wheat, oats, and 
potatoes flourish, and the beet-sugar crop is becoming a great factor in the 
region. The largest beet-sugar factory in the United States is located in 
Billings, and cost $1,250,000 for construction and equipment. 

Vast stock ranges surround Billings, horses, sheep, and cattle being 
raised in enormous heards, while the woolclip of the district is so great 
that Billings is now the largest initial wool-market of the world. With 
such advantages in the way of agriculture and live stock, it is small wonder 
that the railroads are doing their best to help the city. The Chicago, 
Burlington & Quincy and the Northern Pacific lines have their junction 
at Billings; the town is the southern terminus of the Billings & Northern, 
and new railroad buildings of all kinds are being rapidly erected. The 
railroad connections with Billings give the city easy access to the coal, oil 
and gas fields of Southern Montana and Northern Wyoming, 

Billings is a rich, handsome, and finely constructed city. Seven banks 
are located here with deposits of $4,500,000. Big factories, well-stocked 
wholesale and retail houses, newspapers, theaters, and automobiles are all 
much in evidence, proving Billings to be thoroughly metropolitan in every 
detail. Billings boasts of some superb residences, one of which — the 
home of Mr. P. B. Moss — is one of the most magnificant homes west of 
Chicago — a palace in construction, size and detail. 

Billings has established a high position in the list of American cities, 
and has a golden future, without any danger of setback. 



HOTEL NORTHERN 

BILLINGS, MONT. 



(EUROPEAN PLAN) 



EXCELLENT CAFE AND GRILL ROOM IN CONNECTION 

Steam Heat. Electric Lights. 
Hot and Cold Water and 

Telephone Service in All Rooms. 

Rooms with Bath Single or En Suite. 

Large Well Lighted Sample Rooms. 

ROOMS SI.OO TO $2.00 PER DAY, 



There is nothing adds so much to the prestage of a city in the 
estimation of a stranger as a FIRST-CLASS HOTEL. First among 
those of the prosperous little city of Billings, Montana, comes the new 
and elegant "Hotel Northern," which for comfort and elegance is sur- 
passed by few hotels in the west. The location is the most desirable 
in the city, fronting as it does on two of the principal streets and 
within a few minutes walk of the wholesale and retail houses, banks, 
theatres, etc. The rates are reasonable and the accommodations are 
of the best. 

Headquarters for Tourists and Commercial Men. 

STOP, REGISTER, and be entertained at a 
delightful home, where rest is possible, comfort 
assured and every reasonable want gratified. 

NORTHERN HOTEL CO. J. W. DOBBINS, 

PROPR'S. MNG'R. 



STRATER HOTEL 

DURANGO, COLO. 




A Modern and Up-To-Date Hotel. 



Lighted Throughout by Electricity and Heated by Steam. 



THE STRATEB is the only first-class hotel in Durango. It is located in the 
heart of the business section of the city, and is a favorite stopping- place for tourists 
and commercial travelers. 

An American House, on the American Plan, with an American 

Welcome For All. 

Noted for the Excellence of its Cuisine and Service. 

STILWELL & CO., proprietors. 



THE COLORADO 



In the Heart 

of the 

Rocky Mountains 



GLENWOOD HOT SPRINGS, COLO. 







"PHE COLORADO is one of the finest resort hotels in America. It is on 
■*• the transcontinental lines of the Denver & Rio Grande and the 

Colorado Midland Railways. All modern improvements. Altitude, 5,200 

feet. 

HOT WATER BATHING BOTH WINTER AND SUMMER. The 

oath house, built of peach-blow sandstone, was erected at a cost of over 

$100,000, and is one of the finest in the world. The Swimming Pool is 700 

feet long and 100 feet wide. 

For Fall Information, Descriptive Pamphlets, Etc, apply to 



Boston: RAYMOND & WHITCOMB, 

296 Washington St. 

Philadelphia: RAYMOND & WHITCOMB, 

1005 Chestnut St. 



New York: H. E. TUPPER, 

353 Broadway. 

Chicago: J. W.SLOSSON, 

236 Clark 5t. 



THE HOTEL COLORADO COMPANY, LESSEE. 
E. E. LUCAS, Mno'r. 



Muskogee's New Hotel 



THE. TURNER 

Muskogee, Indian Ter. 

This New, Modern, Elegant, and strictly 
up-to-date hotel is the pride of Muskogee, 
and acknowledged to he one of the very 
finest hostelries in the southwest 



Noted for the Superior Excellence 
of its Cuisine 

Situated in the center of the business dis- 
trict of the city and convenient to the 
principal wholesale and retail houses, banks, 
places of amusement, etc. 

American Plan 



Rates consistent -with nrst- 

class service and 

accomodations 



Muskogee is the principal city in the oil and gas belt in the Indian 
Territory, and "The Turner" is its leading hotel. 



Headquarters for Tourists and Commercial Travelers 
AMOS GIPSON, Proprietor 






Hotel Mecca 

GOFFEYYILLE, KAN. 



THE MECCA is the leading hotel of Coffey ville and 
second to none in the State. It is centrally lo- 
cated and but a few minutes walk from the 
leading Wholesale Houses, Banks, 
Theatres and Railway Depots. 



Lighted by Electricity and Heated by 
Natural Gas, 

Service and Accommodations First-class* 
Popular Prices- 
Conducted on the American Plan, 

Rooms with Bath on Every Floor* 

A Favorite Stopping Place for Tourists and 
Commercial Travelers. 

An excellent $2.00 and $2.50 per day hotel. 



E. J. & H. H. HINES, 

Proprietors. 
A. O. ST. CLAIR, Manager. 



HOTEL MURRAY 

OMAHA, NEBRASKA. 




AMERICAN PLAN, 

Heated by Steam and Lighted by Gas and Electricity throughout 
100 Rooms Single and EnSuite. Several Bath Rooms* 

FINE SAMPLE ROOMS. 
Rates $2.50 to $3.00 per day. Service and Accomodations First-ClasSc 

C. BROWN, Proprietor. 






HOTEL JULIEN 

Dubuque, Iowa 




&tM*»ct ^-e» &f. 



THE above cut illustrates in miniature the splendid Hotel Julien, 
which is charmingly located on the principal business street in the live and 
progressive city of Dubuque. 
Tohe Jt&lien is absolutely First-Class in every particular. 
Steam Heat, Electric Lights and Telephone Service in every room. Rooms both 

single and en-suite. 
The service in Dining Rooms, and throughout the house is of the highest and most 

efficient character. 
Cuisine Unexcelled in Every Detail. 
Headquarters for Tourists and Commercial Travelers. 
An American house, on the American Plan, with an American welcome, for all. 



W. C. Keeley, Manager. 



KEYSTONE HOTEL 



JOPLIN, MO. 



This elegant and thoroughly Modern Hotel 
is located in JO PL I IS/, the greatest Lead 
and Zinc mining district in the United 
States* 

THE KEYSTONE is up-to-date and 
strictly First-Class in every particular* It is 
located in the very heart of the business 
section of the city and convenient to the 
wholesale and retail houses, places of amuse- 
ment, etc. 

Under its present popular management "The 
Keystone" has been brought to a high 
standard of excellence until it now ranks 
favorably with many of the leading hotels 
in the metropolitan cities of the country. 

Recognized Headquarters for Commercial Travelers 

This house is also the favorite stopping place 

for capitalists from the East who are 

interested in mining enterprises 

in the Joplin district. 

Rooms single or en-suite with all the latest modern 
improvements 

AMERICAN PLAN 

E. E. SUMNER, manager 



National Hotel 

PEORIA, ILL. 






t i^L .>aei.L^ii-L 






■J 



Peoria's Leading Hotel 

Recently Refurnished and Refitted Throughout. 

Over 200 handsomely furnished rooms, both single and en suite. 
100 Rooms with private bath attached. 

AMERICAN and EUROPEAN PLANS. 

Local and long distance telephones in every room. 

Strictly first-class in every particular. Rates reasonable. 

Exceptional location. Electric cars pass the hotel in all directions. 

Convenient to banks, theatres, wholesale houses and railway depots. 

Lighted by electricity and heated by steam throughout. 

Large and elegant office and lobby on ground floor with all modern conveniences. 

Hot and cold running water in all apartments. 

Cuisine and Service Strictly Up-to-date 

Headquarters for Commercial Men.. 
THE NATIONAL is one of the most popular hotels in the State. 

DICK TOWNSEND, Proprietor. 



SNAPP'S HOTEL 

Excelsior Springs, Mo. 




Mpi^S 



NEWEST and BEST EQUIPPED Hotel in Excelsior Springs. Location Central 
Long Distance Telephone in Every Room. Everything Strictly Modern, 

RATES — AMERICAN PLAN, $2.00 AND UPWARDS. 
EUROPEAN " $1.00 

Headquarters for Commercial Travelers. Free Sample Rooms. 

Capacity: Upwards of 100 Rooms — 35 with private bath. 

Hot and Cold Running- Water in all Apartments- Elegant Box Springs and Hair 
Mattresses in all Guest's Apartments throughout the House. 

Excelsior Springs, Mo., is famous throughout the Country on account of the 
curative properties of its medicinal waters, and SNAPP'S HOTEL is its leading 
hostelry. 

S. E. & J. W. SNAPP, 

OWNERS AND PROPRIETORS. 



Excelsior Springs 

MISSOURI CITY RIVALS BOTH 
HOT SPRINGS AND CARLSBAD 



THOUSANDS OF INVALIDS find the Spot A HEALTH MECCA 

New Health Resort is within easy reach from all portions 

of the Country, while its Jlineral Waters show 

almost Unrivaled Curative Qualities. 



Excelsior Springs, located in Clay County, Mo., is not one of the oldest 
of American Health Resorts. It dates back only to 1881, but it already 
ranks as one of the foremost, and its fame is increasing year by year. The 
Missouri town is the seat of four almost incomparable springs, bubbling 
over with a peculiar iron-manganese water — a combination so uncommon 
that four of the local springs — the Salt Sulphur, Sulpho-Saline, Siloam, and 
Regent — are the only places in the United States where this water is found 
in pristine purity. This water, rivaling the long-noted water of Carlsbad 
and Hot Springs — a wonderful laxitive and of vast medicinal value in the 
treatment of numerous diseases — has made Excelsior Springs famous, and 
a splendid health resort is springing up at the Missouri City. 

There is no " season" at Excelsior Springs — the water is as good at one 
time of the year as another, and the climate is mild and equable — hence the 
place, and all that it contains, remain wide open the whole year 'round. It 
is a beautiful little city, attractively buik, and containing about 4,000 people, 
aside from the thousands of visitors. It has excellent hotels, ten in num- 
ber, splendid electric light and waterworks plants, no mosquitoes, and 
admirable facilities for bathing. This item, is, of course, an important 
one at any springs resort, and the bath-houses of Excelsior Springs are 
well worthy of praise and commendation. The town is in tjie center of 
a splendid farming district, and transacts an immense volume of annual 
business. During the past 18 months nearly $700,000 has been spent in 
building operations. There is an excellent school system, while amuse- 
ments of many kinds are provided for residents and visitors. Prices of all 



accommodations in Excelsior Springs are most reasonable. The town is 
easily reached by a network of railroads, and is within a night's ride of 
Illinois, Wisconsin, Missouri, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, and even Minnesota 
points. The Wabash R'y, the C. M. & St. P. R R. and many branch lines, 
run to Excelsior Springs. 

The famous Salt-Sulphur Spring produces a water which, by analysis 
and the still more convincing test of time, has been proven a valuable rem- 
edy for constipation, catarrh, rheumatism, and many other diseases. The 
Siloam Springs produces a ferro-manganese water free from organic matter, 
and consumed in immense quantities at the Springs. It is not only health- 
ful, but unusually palatable. 

The Regent Spring bubbles forth with a water which is a wonderful 
diuretic and uric acid solvent. It is an extremely strong water, and is ex- 
tensively shipped even to European patrons. 

The Sulpho-Saline Spring produces a water which shows different 
elements and chemical combinations from the others, and which is stimula- 
tive and medicinal to a high degree. 

These mineral waters are making the little city famous, and the town, 
splendidly located, with an up-to date, progressive class of citizens, accepts 
its laurels modestly, and enjoys well-deserved prosperity. 



The Benton Hotel 

EXCELSIOR. SPRINGS. MO. 



Operated on the American Plan and every effort put forth by the 
management to combine all the conveniences of a thoroughly equipped 
modern hotel with the comforts of a well appointed home. 

The location of the Hotel Benton is exceptionally desirable, being 
opposite the beautiful Elms Park. 

The Service and Accommodations of this Hotel are First-Class. 

Mineral waters served to guests of the house as requested. 
Poultry, dairy products, vegetables, etc., are brought in every morning 
from The Benton Farm, thereby insuring their freshness and purity. 

A Delightful Home for Either Tourist or Invalid. 

GEO. C. KIDD, Proprietor. 



LIFE and HEALTH 



Salt Sulphur Water Brings Both to Its Users 

FEW MINERAL SPRINGS PRODUCE EVEN ITS 
APPROXIMATE EQUAL. 

Most Famous Waters of Carlsbad Can Claim No Superiority to the Lax- 
ative Now Within Easy Reach at 

EXCELSIOR SPRINGS, MO. 



MINERAL SPRINGS, giving forth waters of medicinal value, have 
long held vast renown in many sections of the world, and the discovery of 
a new spring, with really valuable water, has always meant that the place 
would soon become a Mecca for both invalids and society. Among the 
newer resorts of this kind is Excelsior Springs, Mo., where Salt-Sulphur 
water, proven by both analysis and actual use to be a panacea among all 
mineral waters, is now consumed and shipped in enormous quantities. 

SALT-SULPHUR WATER— a laxative, a remedy for constipation, and 
a deadly foe to catarrhic conditions — is fast gaining the highest standing 
among physicians 
all over the world. 
Its curative virtues 
are in no sense 
inferior to those of 
the famous Carls- 
bad and Baden- 
Baden waters, and 
as it does not lose 
strength through 
shipment, it is be- 
ing sent in barrels 
to the most distant 
points, without de- 
terioration of med- 
icinal qualities. 
The analysis of 
the water tells its 
own story, and is 
as follows: 

AN AL.YSIS.— The more valuable constituents of the Salt-Sulphur Water are the 
magnesium salts, iron bi-carbonate, salt sodium, iodite and bromide sodium sulphate, 
and sodium hydrosulphide. Combining- the above constituents and adding- the oxygen 
and hydroeen with which they are combined the result in grains per United States 
gallon of 231 cubic inches are: 




Salt Sulphur Pavilion, Excelsior Springs, Mo. 



Magnesium Bicarbonate 5.686 

Calcium Bicarbonate 49 . 768 

Ferrous Bicarbonate 869 

Potassium Sulphate 1.379 

Sodium Chloride 544 .553 

Sodium Iodide .840 



Sodium Hydrosulphide 192 

Magnesium Sulphate 23.556 

Sodium Bicarbonate 1 .994 

Sodium Bromide 1 .050 

Sodium Sulphate 5.248 

Silicia 6.47 



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THE DENSMORE 

KANSAS CITY, MO. 




Located close to Shopping, Financial and Theatre Districts. 
Convenient for all purposes. 

RATES: American plan, $2.00 TO $3.50 PER DAY 

EUROPEAN PLAN, $1.00 TO $2.50 

Special Rates by the week upon application. 

Take cars marked "Independence Avenue," at Union Station, get off at 8th and 
Locust streets, and walk one block south. 

Strictly FIRST-CLASS in every particular. 

DENSMORE HOTEL COMPANY, Proprietors. 

JAMES KETNER, President. 



ST. JAMES HOTEL 

CORNER BROADWAY and WALNUT STREET 
ST. LOUIS, MO. 




The "NEW ST. JAMES" has just recently been remodeled, refitted and refurnished 

throughout, and is Strictly First-Class in all its Appointments. Located in 

the Very Heart of the Business District of the City, and Convenient to 

the Principal Theatres, Banks and Wholesale Houses. 



AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLANS 



RATES REASONABLE £ £ ACCOMMODATIONS THE BEST. 



The " St. James " is Lighted by Electricity and Heated by 
Steam Throughout. 

P« SHORTj PROPRIETOR 



Sanitarium Hotel 

Banff, Alberta, Canada. 



The Pride of the "Springs City" and a Model 
Hotel in every respect- 



American Plan and Strictly First-Class. 



VISITORS to the enterprising little city of Banff, in the province of 
Alberta, are always attracted by the sight of a magnificent structure 
situated upon a slight elevation overlooking this charming mountain 
resort. It is the par-excellence of sites for such a structure as crowns it in 
the name of the " SANITARIUM HOTEL," a hotel that is surely worthy 
of all the praise that is accorded it. 

The hotel covers a square, but its massiveness is made extremely 
attractive and ornate by picturesque architecture and charming surround- 
ings. It would require volumes to describe it, and the scope of this item 
is merely sufficient to call the attention of the traveling public to its 
existence. 

In connection with this splendid hotel is operated the BANFF 
SANITARIUM, with its no comfortably furnished rooms equipped with 
every modern improvement. It comprises a complete system of treatment 
for all diseases and has every device and arrangement for using the cura- 
tive properties of the salubrious air and hot mineral waters which nature 
so abundantly provides at this location. 

This splendid institution is owned and operated by Dr. Robert G. 
Brett, the man who made Banff famous, and to whom suffering humanity 
the world over is greatly indebted. 

Dr. Brett is also the sole owner of the Grand View Villa, a kindred 
institution located at the Hot Springs in this place and conducted along the 
same broad and progressive lines. 

Banff is located on the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, 
some 500 miles east of Vancouver, British Columbia. 

For further information address W. H. SCARTH, Manager, Sanitarium 
Hotel, Banff, Alberta, Canada. 



HOTEL ANTLERS 

ELENS BURG, WASH. 

AMERICAN PLAN. 

First-Class. Rates Reasonable. Accommodations the Best. 

Under its present popular management "The "Antlers" has built up a 

reputation for satisfactory service that is second to none in the West. 

CUISINE OF HIGH STANDARD. 

A delightful home for those wishing to spend some time in 
this interesting, resourceful and rapidly growing little city. 

We cater to both the Tourist and Commercial Travel. 

H. E. DODD, Manager. 



THE THORNTON 

BUTTE, MONTANA 



EUROPEAN PLAN. 

Leading Hotel of the State. 

Absolutely first-class in every particular. 

New, modern and strictly up-to-date. 

Lighted by Electricity and heated by Steam throughout. 

Elegant Cafe in connection. 

Rates consistant with splendid service. 

W. F. LOVE, Mng'r. 



Rio Grande Hotel 
Company 

General Office, Union Depot Bldg, , 

DENVER, COLO. 



OPERATE THE 

UNION DEPOT HOTEL 

PUEBLO, COLO, 



STRICTLY FIRST CLASS. 

RATES $3.00 PER DAY. 



E. A. THAYER, pr 



ESIDENT 



HOTEL RICKMAN 

KALAMAZOO, MICH. 

ABSOLUTELY FIREPROOF 




THE HOTEL RICKMAN is 
magnificent in its appoint- 
ments and equipment. 
Modern in every respect, 
artistically decorated and 
resplendent iu its furnish- 
ings, and a hotel of which 
Kalamazoo may justly feel 
proud. 

STRICTLY 
FIRST-CLASS 

This splendid hostelry was 
opened to the public on 
May 14th, 1908, and its 
fame has already spread 
to most every section of the 
country, and has added 
lustre to the name of Kal- 
amazoo. 

Rates Reasonable 

Accommodations the Best 



Beautifully furnished Suites with Private Bath. 

Lighted by Electricity and 

Heated by Steam Throughout. 

Hot and Cold Running Water in Every Room. 

Headquarters for Commercial Travelers 

GEO. RICKMAN SONS CO., 
OWNERS. 

H. L. LARR, Manager. 



REPUBLICAN HOUSE 

PLATTEVILLE, WIS. 




NEW, MODERN AND UP-TO-DATE. 

Lighted by gas and. heated by steam throughout. Hot and cold 
running watei in every apartment. Service and accommodations 
FIRST-CLASS. Located in the heart of the business part of the 
city. Platteville and vicinity is one of the richest Mineral Sections 
in the northwest, and the Republican House is its leading hotel. 
Bus meets all trains. 

Headquarters for Commercial Men and Mining Investors- 

The Republican House is conceded to be one of the best Ameri- 
can Plan hotels in the west. 

BROWN BROS., Proprietors. 




C. D. Peacock 



INCORPORATED 



MANUFACTURING 

JEWELER AND SILVERSMITH 

State and Adams Sts. 
CHICAGO. 



Established 1837. 



Visitors... 

Cordially Invited 
to See Our Im- 
mense Establish- 
ment and display 
of Jewelry, Sil- 
verware & Nov- 
elties* 

DIAMONDS... 

To please the connoisseur. Tht largest 
variety and best values in Chicago* 

WATCHES... 

For over sixty-five years Peacock's watches 
have been the standard of excellence* 

SILVER and PLATED WARE... 

The latest designs and quality guaranteed. 

MAIL ORDERS... 

Filled Promptly. Send postal for beauti- 
fully illustrated catalogue of 144 pages Free. 



AMERICAN 
NATIONAL BANK 

BARTLESYILLE, OKLA. 

Capital, - - $100,000.00 
Surplus, - - 10,000.00 

Comparative Statement of Deposits 



May 14, 1904, 
May 14, 1905, 
May 14, 1906, 
May 14, 1907, 
May 14, 1908, 



$ 44,801.94 
182,243.65 
309,281.36 
368,401.17 
399,429.15 



O FFICERS 

W. L. Norton, . . President 
R. S. Litchfield, Vice-President 
E. F. Blaise, . Vice-President 
R. K. Grantier, - Ass't Cashier 
W. C. Raymond, - Ass't Cashier 



Send Us Your Bartelsville Collections 

WE REMIT THEM AT PAR. 




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COLUMBIA BANK 

AND TRUST CO. 



OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA. 
Capital, $200,000.00 

Largest Capitalized State Bank in Oklahoma 



OFFICERS 


W. L. NORTON, 


President 


T. C. DAVIS, 


Vice-President 


H. H. SMOCK, 


Vice-President 


W. A. BROOKS, 


Secretary and Treasurer 


V. D. HOUSTON, 


Assistant Treasurer 



We remit for Chicago Banks at par 
Items on Oklahoma City. 



A merica's New S cenic |jne 




LOS ANGELES 



SALT LAKE CITY 



Daily Through Sleeping Cars between Chicago, St. Louis, Omaha, Kansas 
City and Los Angeles, California. 

LOS ANGELES LIMITED 

Three Days to California. Perfect Equipment. 

Daily Trains between Chicago and Los Angeles via Chicago and North- 
Western Union Pacific, Salt Lake Route. 

THE SCENIC LINE TO CALIFORNIA 



Literature and Information gladly given by any agent — 

SALT LAKE ROUTE. 

G. M. SARGENT, general agent, 

205 SOUTH CLARK ST., CHICAGO, ILL. 



T. C. PECK, 



LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, 



lEN'L. PASS. AGENTc 




FOLLOW THE FLAG." 

Wabash Line 



it 



BANNER BLUE LIMITED" 

BETWEEN 

Chicago and St. Louis 

The Finest Day Train in the World. 
CONSIST of train: — - 

Combination Baggage Car and Smoker. 

Combination Coach and Chair Car. 

Combination Dining and Buffet Car. 

Combination Observation and Parlor Car. 



Painted in Royal Blue and Gold; %*!££%$%&&£ 

African Mahogany, inlaid with holly; windowed with bevel plate and 
Cathedral jewel glass; furnished with Wilton carpets and upholstered 
with silk plush; Haviland china and Toledo cut glass; pantry, kitchen 
and chef's department specially designed; every car supplied with hot 
and cold water and heated by steam. 

The Wabash has its own rails 

Between 
CHICAGO and PITTSBURG and BUFFALO 

AND RUNS THROUGH CARS 

Between 

CHICAGO and NEW YORK. BOSTON and MONTREAL. 



J. D. McNAMARA, General Passenger Agent, ST. LOUIS, MO 



CITY OF MEXICO 

AS A HEALTH RESORT 



IT is a well known fact that persons living in a low altitude 
are greatly benefitted by going to a higher altitude because 
a decided change occurs in the functions of the heart and 
lungs. The decreased atmospheric pressure causes an expansion 
of the lungs and a more rapid heart action. The number and 
size of the red corpuscles in the blood increase, and this gives a 
decided and lasting benefit. Mexico is the only tropical coun- 
try that one can visit in the winter season and have the benefits 
of mild climate and altitude at the same time. The City of 
Mexico is 7,300 feet above the sea level. 



^^ta^44A 



MISSOURI 

PACIFIC 

IRON 

MOUNTAIN 



IS THE 



MEXICO 
LINE 

A Through Pullman Broiler 
Buffet Sleeper leaves SAINT 
T.OUIS daily at 8:15 P. M. 



Let me give you the details of this service, and also a copy 
of our new book on Mexico. 

B. H. PAYNE, g. p. &t. a., 

ST. LOUIS, MO. 



the El Paso Route 

Texas and Pacific 

RAILWAY. 



THE ONLY LINE AFFORDINC 
THROUGH DAILY SERVICE 

BETWEEN 

ST. LOUIS 
CALIFORNIA 

THROUGH DALLAS AND FORT WORTH 

WITH CLOSE CONNECTION AT EL PASO. 

SPLENDID TRAINS 

Carrying Standard Sleepers Daily, 

With Broiler-Buffet Service. 

Leaves St. Louis 9.05 a. m.. Little Rock 8.40 p.m., 
Texarkana 2.05 a. m., New Orleans 8.55 a. m., 
Shreveport 10.50 p. m. Arrives Dallas 11.15 a. m., 
Fort Worth 12.20 p. m., El Paso 3.25 p. m., Los 
Angeles 4.20 p. m., San Francisco 7.08 p. m. 



For further information, call on or write any ticket agent. 
E. P. TURNER, 

General Pass'r and Ticket Agt. 

DALLAS, TEX. 



For Homeseekers' Rates, Etc., call on or write to 
ELLIS FARIMSWORTH, 

District Pass'r Agt., Mo. Pac. R'y. and Trav. Passenger Agt. Texas & Pacific R*y. 
186 CLARK STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. 




View from Point Sublime, Colo. 

The GriDDle Greek Trip 



"THE 
ONE DAY 
TRIP 
THAT 

BANKRUPTS 
THE 

ENGLISH 
LANGUAGE" 



Is from Colorado Springs to the 
Cripple Creek Gold Camp, over 
America's Most Famous Scenic 
Route — 

"The 
Cripple Creek 

Short Line 



99 



Special Side-Trip Rate from Colo- 
rado Springs for trans-continental 
passengers. 
Write for illustrated literature. 

F. C. MATTHEWS, 

G. F. & P. A , 

COLORADO SPRINGS, COLO. 



Graham ft Norton 

T ransportation Qo^ 

GRAND RAPIDS SHORT LINE. 

7 HOURS between 
Chicago and Grand Rapids. 




St. Joseph Division. 

LEAVE CHICAGO daily at 9.30 a. m. and n.30 p. m. 

12.30 noon Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, 
and 2.00 p.m. Saturdays. 
LEAVE ST. JOSEPH daily 500 p.m. and 10.30 p.m. 7.30a.m. 
Monday, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday. 

Fare, 50c. 

Holland Division. 

LEAVE CHICAGO daily at 9.00 a. m. (Saturday excepted), and 8.00 
p.m. Saturday only at 1.30 p.m. and 8.00 p.m. 

LEAVE HOLLAND daily 8.30 a.m. and 9.15 p.m., stopping each way 
at Macatawa Pier, there connecting with the 
G. R. H. & C. Interurban to and from Grand 
Rapids and Saugatuck. 

Fare, $1.50 to Holland; $2.00 to Gr. Rapids. 



CONNECTIONS. 



CIof e connections are made with all Steam and Interurban Railways at St. Joseph, 
Benton Harbor and Holland for Michigan and Northern Indiana. Hourly Interurban 
connections between St. Joseph and South Bend and between Holland and Gr. Rapida. 

The right is reserved, to change this schedule without notice. 



J. S. Morton, President Benton Harbor, Mich. 

W. H. Morton, Ass'tto President Chicago, 111. 

A. Reichle, Ass*t Secretary and Auditor... Benton Harbor, Mich. 

H. Metering, G. P. & F. A Chicago, 111. 

Henry Baby, A. A. & P. A Chicago, 111. 

Chas. A. Floyd, General Agent Grand Rapids, Mich. 



Chicago DocR: Foot of Wabash Ave. 

Chicago Telephone Central 2162 



Every 
Luxury of Travel 

and all the comfortable appointments of a modern club 
— hot and cold baths, clothes pressing service, a well 
stocked library, the current magazines and periodicals, 
services of a skilled barber, a roomy and pleasant par- 
lor, private smoking rooms and a well stocked buffet, are 
at the disposal of those who journey between St. Paul 
and Minneapolis and the Far Northwest on the 

NORTH COAST LIMITED 

Many of these conveniences are found in the luxurious 
observation car, unique in construction and superior in 
attractiveness. The Pullman standard tourist sleeping 
cars have wide and comfortable berths and every 
modern facility to increase the pleasure of travel. 
Through dining cars in both directions. Write at once 
for full information about very low summer excursion 
rates and the Yellowstone Park side trip en route, to 
C. A. Matthews, 208 South Clark St., Chicago. 
"Wonderland, 19 >6," six cents. 




NORTHERN PACIFIC R'Y 

Between St. Paul and Minneapolis and 
the Pacific Northwest 

A. M. CLELAND 

General Passenger Agent 

St. Paul, Minn. 



See America First 

CALIFORNIA »nd 
PACIFIC COAST 




Through Colorado 
and Utah 

Via the 

Denver & 
Rio Grande 
Railroad 

" Scenic Line of the World." 

The entire journey 
Denver to Salt Lake 
City and Ogden. is 
through the 

Rocky 
Mountains 



Colorado Springs, Pike's Peak, the Royal Gorge, Grand Canon of the 
Arkansas, Tennessee Pass, Eagle River Canon, Canon of the Grand, Glen- 
wood Springs, Castle Gate and Salt Lake City are all located on the main 
line and can be seen from the car windows, and without extra expense for 
side trips. Stopovers anywhere on the Rio Grande within transit 
and final limit. 

Open -Top Observation Cars, SEATS FREE 
Through the Canons during the Summur Months 

For illustrated pamphlets and information as to rates, train service, etc., 
address 

S. K. HOOPER., Gen'l Pass, ana TJcRet Agt, 
Denver, Colo. 




YANKEE DOODLE LAKE (60 miles from Denver) 

Grandest Scenic Trip in the World 

DENVER NORTHWESTERN 
®. PACIFIC RAILWAY 



Take the " Moffat Road " out of Denver in the morning and by noon 
stand 1 1, 660 feet above the sea — highest point reached by any standard 
gauge track. Perpetual snow is reached 60 miles from Denver. 

Send for pictorial folder printed in three colors. 

W. F. JONES, GENERAL TRAFFIC MANAGER, 

735 Majestic Building, DENVER, COLO. 



GOODRICH 



STEAMERS 



Run Every Day 
{&} Tear 



BETWEEN 



£bicago^milwaukee 



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in Summer to All Points on 

Cake micbigan $ Green Bay 

Operate Nine GD S Steamers, 

R. C. DAVIS, Gen. Pass. Agt. 
Office and Docks Foot Michigan Ave, Chicago, III 



CUBA 

FLORIDA and 

NEW ORLEANS 



REACHED VIA 



Queen & Crescent 




DOUBLE DAILY SERVICE 

FROM 

CINCINNATI 

TO 

Chattanooga, Birmingham, Atlanta, Asheville, 
Jacksonville, Shreveport 

AND 

TEXAS POINTS. 



For Information, Rates, Etc., 

W. A. Beckler, N. F. A., 113 Adams Street. Chicago, 111. 
H. Baker, W. C. Rinearson, 

General Manager. Gen'l. Pass. Agrt. 

Cincinnati, Ohio 



The Colorado Road 

(COLORADO & SOUTHERN RY.) 




YOU'LL MISS A LOT 

If you fail to take the trip over the Far- Famed Georgetown Loop 
from Denver, while you are in Colorado, you will have missed one of 
the greatest scenic trips on the Continent, and one of the most marvel- 
ous engineering feats. 

The Colorado & Southern Ry. 

also offers many other attractive trips into the mountains. 

We have almost a monopoly on the scenery of Colorado, and can 
suit any taste and purse in the matter of mountain excursions. 

The Colorado & Southern also has the most superb service between 
Denver, Colorado Springs and Pueblo, and is the shortest line between 
Colorado, Texas, Mexico and Louisiana. 
For free illustrated booklets, address 

T. E. FISHELR., General Passenger Agent, 

DENVER, COLO. 



FARGO, N. DAK 

HOLDS PLACE OF HIGH RENOWN 



Metropolis of Red River Valley is Leading Example of 
Western Progress and Modern Hustling Methods. 



Biggest Little City in the World" is Title Well Earned and 
Safely Grasped for Centuries to Come. 



The people of Fargo, North Dakota, proudly style their bustling town 
"the biggest little city in the world", and the name is richly merited. 
Fargo is the busiest and liveliest commercial center of its size on the broad 
American continent today, and the volume of its activities is steadily 
increasing. 

Located in Cass County, on the famed Red River of the North, Fargo 
is in a position of commercial supremacy, It commands the whole of the 
great new Northwest, a mighty country which is in the full flush of success- 
ful development, and which adds new areas of teeming population every year. 
This huge inland empire, one of the great granaries of Uncle Sam, concen- 
trates its riches on the roads that lead to Fargo. Hither come the farm 
products of the rich Red River region, and the broad tracts of agricultural 
country extending far into the newly opened west. Hither come the live 
stock of enormous ranges, finding a ready market, and soon to find a still 
better mart, for Fargo is establishing stock yards and slaughtering facilities 
of its own. Into Fargo, from the East, come agricultural supplies in gigantic 
quantities, and Fargo is the second largest farm implement city in the 
country. It is a great railroad center, eight roads having direct lines to the 
North Dakota city, and other lines are fast extending branches into Fargo. 

This hustling burg is well equipped with all that goes to make up the 
component factors of a progressive metropolis. It has well-built homes and 
splendid business blocks; solid banks, stores of every kind, both wholesale 
and retail; excellently paved streets, a fine fire department, up-to-date 
hospitals, and an admirable school system. Fargo is also especially proud 
of its famous agricultural college and its government experiment station, 
which has accomplished wonders in the line of discoveries calculated to 
help the American farmer. A magnificent Masonic Temple and some 
splendid theaters also add to the beauty and progressiveness of the Red 
River city. 

Fargo is peopled by an excellent class of sturdy Americans, and the 
eastener who seeks to take up any form of legitimate business is more than 
welcome, while there is ample room in the hustling town for capital and 
judicious investment. 



DAWSON CITY 



One of the World's Greatest Gold 
Producing Districts, better known as 



THE KLONDYKE 



Dawson is the official Capital of the Yukon 
Territory wherein resides the Governor of the 
District. The civil administration of the District 
is also centered here, as well as the administration 
of justice, the Gold Commissioners' Court ard 
the Territorial Court. 



From a mineral point of view, the future in store for the 
Klondyke district, of which Dawson is the center, is greater 
than its past, remarkable as that has been. There are 
enormous areas of Placer Land known to bear gold within 
a radius of ioo miles of Dawson yet undeveloped and await- 
ing capital. The installing of dredging and hydraulic ma- 
chinery will revolutionize this business of placer mining in 
this district and will net the operators immense profits on 
their investments. Eastern capitalists are now engaged in 
building a number of the largest dredges ever constructed 
and the coming season will see several of those giant ma- 
chines in operation. 

Rich men in the East are quietly and systematically en- 
gaged in securing control of all the gold bearing creeks in 
the district. Large tracts of ground which was worked at a 
great profit by the primitive process of " panning " the gravel 
in the early days during the latter '90s, are now being worked 






over by the dredging process, and are yielding fresh millions 
to the lucky owners, as by the latter process every particle of 
gold dust as well as the nuggets is secured. The present is 
certainly a most opportune time for the profitable investment 
of capital in the further development of the mineral resources 
of the Klondyke district which has already produced hun- 
dreds of millions in gold. 

Dawson is a city in the Far North, and has a climate 
peculiar to this section, but that same climate has advantages 
that more than offset its disadvantages. The summer weather 
here is unequaled in any other quarter of the globe. Flowers 
of all kinds grow in profusion. Fine fruits also grow in the 
Yukon Territory, while the vegetables raised in this section 
are equal both in quality and quantity to the best raised in the 
most favored sections of the United States, for which there 
is a ready and growing market at home at fancy prices. 

Apart from its scenic grandeur, life in the Yukon is inci- 
dentally picturesque in many of its essentials. This is espe- 
cially so during the winter, which is pre-eminently the season 
of the Yukon. Daylight comes in midwinter about nine 
o'clock. At ten or eleven the mountain tops are tipped with 
a lovely sunlight, although the valley and town lie in shadow. 
Through November and December the valley residents have 
only this nodding acquaintance with the sun, or rather his 
reflection, for he casts his yellow lights for a few brief mid- 
day hours on the hill tops far above. Then early in January 
his golden majesty lifts his yellow rim above the horizon of 
peaks for a few brief minutes, which increases each day, until 
March bathes the town in floods of yellow light. 

Dawsonites rank prominently among the livest and most 
progressive business men to be found in any section of the 
American continent. 



Dawson prides itself on having as live and 
progressive a Board of Trade as any other city of 
its size in the Northwest, and communications 
addressed to either the President or Secretary of 
that organization will receive prompt attention. 



OVER 100,000 BLICKENSDERFER TYPEWRITERS MADE 
AND SOLD IN EIGHT YEARS. 

Over 20,000 Used BY Tourists and Traveling Salesmen. 

COST IS LOW BUT THE QUALITY IS HIGH. 
BY BUYING A 

Blickensderier Typewriter 

You Can Save on the Purchase Price from $50.00 to $65.00. 



)NO. 
NO. 
NO. 



NO. 5 $40.00) 

THREE MODELS { NO. 7 50.00 V COMPLETE 

8 60.00) 



\A/hot \A/n Ploimi Perfect and Permanent Alignment, Writing in Sight, Inter- 
Yllldl IfC Uldlllli changeable Type. Carriages, Ink Rolls and Line Spacing. 
Bein? simple, strong, portable and durable, for office, home 
or tourist's use it has no equal. Weight of No. 5 model, (5 pounds; No. 7 model, 
8 pounds. For Catalogue and Terms, Address 

BLICKENSDERFER MFG. CO. 

83 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO. 
T. S. MARTIN, Manager. 



The Weltmer Institute 



NEVADA, MO. 



Founded by Professor Sidney A. Weltmer, Originator of the Weltmet 
Method of Healing, and the Man Who Made Nevada Famous. 



New Mental Science Taught by the Missouri Philosopher and Literary 
Giant. Belief in Self-Reliance the Keystone to his Teachings. 



Over in Southwestern Missouri, in the thriving little city of Nevada, 
stands a superb edifice — a modern building in the strictest sense of the 
word, and a structure of which any city might be proud. This building is 
the home of a mighty enterprise, and is, in itself, a monument to the pluck, 
determination and ability ot the founder. The building marks the loca- 
tion of the Weltmer Institute and School of Healing, erected by Prof. S. A. 
Weltmer — only a few years ago an unknown theorist and a poor but ambi- 
tious dreamer — today one of the most talked-of men in America, head of a 
vast and widely ramifying system of thought and healing and one of the 
most noted mental scientists even this generation of thinkers has ever 
known. 

The Weltmer Institute had its foundation and its growth in S. A. 
Weltmer's dreams of the long ago. This man, a telepathic expert, an adept 
such as the Indian Yogis would have been glad to number in their brother- 
hood, and a genuine healer of ability dwarfing that of the "faith-cure" 
teachers of the land, started out in the accomplishment of his plans with 
nothing but courage — and ability to make good anything he might promise. 
He was, at first, met with smiles and polite negatives. Ere long he showed 
all with whom he came in contact that he was worthy of serious attention, 
and, day by day, his dreams came nearer realization. Today, as though 
the lamp of Aladdin had been rubbed, as though the magic wand of some 
great wizard had been waved, the dreamer of the past finds himself one of 



the most prominent of the present era's forceful men. His Institute has 
risen in all its glory, and the little city of Nevada has risen with it. A town 
doubled in size; a city of magnificent walks and splendid homes — and a 
city that centers around the institute that Weltmer made — such is Nevada 
today. From a third-class postoffice to first-class; from a quiet little com- 
munity to a city already stretching out its arms to a commercial empire — 
these are monuments that mark the career of Weltmer, the successful rise 
of the thinker who once found it so difficult to gain aught save a kindly 
smile. 

The Institute of today occupies a splendid location in the best part of 
Nevada, but it is rapidly outgrowing its boundaries, so that plans are afoot 
for the construction of a branch or duplicate at Lake Park, a beautiful 
suburb of the town, where 40 acres of gently rolling land can be acquired, 
and where fishing, boating and baths in pure white sulphur water await all 
visitors to this delightful health resort. 

The Weltmer Institute handles its patients in a fashion wholly its own, 
and refreshingly different from the methods of the other theorists of the 
generation. Its founder sets a gospel of plain common sense high above all 
the theories and metaphysical empires of the past. "Knowledge is power" 
might be taken as his keyword, while the modesty of the man is such that 
he affects no monopoly in healing skill. It is his plainly spoken belief that 
anyone who takes the trouble to acquire the knowledge he possesses can ac- 
complish all he has done. His staff of healers follow the same ideas, and 
the success of the system is best shown by the hundreds of patients, the 
list including many men and women of national prominence, including sev- 
eral United States senators, various congressmen and many others high in 
the councils of the nation. 

Professor Weltmer himself is as unique and interesting as his Insti- 
tute. His genius is of a calibre entitling him to attention from savants the 
world around, but he never forces himself upon public notice. What re- 
nown he has gained has been won by merit, not by puffing or self-praise. 
Not only is Weltmer a healer and a telepathic expert, but an author of un- 
common ability. A long list of books and treatises, all ably written, beau- 
tifully worded and dealing with the most abstruse problems in the most 
graceful fashion, all bear the Weltmer stamp and were penned by the 
Nevada sage unaided, without even a collaborator. 

The success of Weltmer and his Institute is now not even problematical 
—it is assured. Long may it continue. 



,:&Mm,ltLiiW^vur { L .A<ArJa»>, ** 



THE OLIVER 

SOUTH BEND, IND. 




FIRE-PROOF-BEST IN THE WEST 



European Plan 

$1.00 Upwards. 



Cafe, Grill Room and Restaurant 

Meal Service a la Carte or Table d'Hote. 
6 A.M. until Midnight. 



Hairdressing and Manicure Parlors, Barber Shop, Turkish Baths, 
under the same management. 

THE OLIVER is one of the MOST ELEGANT hotels in America. 



ABSOLUTELY FIRSKLASS IN EVERY RESPECT 

FRANK E. FAULKNOR, manager. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




014 752 937 5 






&s 




